CN205876191U - Composite drill bit suitable for bad ground - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite drill bit suitable for bad ground, including the drill bit body, the relative concrete wing of drill bit body, relative drill bit body rotates the gear wheel of connecting, and arrange hydrophthalmia or the nozzle on the drill bit body, be provided with the first group's cutting teeth of a plurality of on the wing, the wing cloth flank of tooth sets up the slot and is used for fixing a set of cutting teeth, the gear wheel passes through the bit leg and is connected with the rotation of drill bit body, install the tooth on the gear wheel, have at least the body wheel profile of a wing and the body wheel profile of at least another one wing to have at least one coincidence region in common coverage, and at least one coincidence dot OR coincidence is regional. This kind of constitutional features can make the drill bit with the work of asynchronous cutting mode, can not only increase vertical wearing and tearing length of drill bit, and extension bit life enables the drill bit in addition and is in the high specific pressure state of creeping into at whole tool joint, strengthens the ability that rock -entering stone was invaded to the drill bit to make the drill bit all obtain improving in the drilling speed and the life -span of bad ground.

Description

A kind of composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground

Technical field

This utility model belong to oil-gas drilling engineering, mine engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geological drilling, The technical equipment fields such as Tunnel Engineering, the hydrology, shield and no-dig technique, particularly relate to a kind of Drilling bore bit.

Background technology

Drill bit is that conventional has PDC drill bit and gear wheel in order to fractured rock, the rock crushing tool of formation pit shaft in drilling engineering Drill bit.PDC drill bit rely on high rigidity, wear-resisting, shearing-crushing rock can be carried out from sharp composite polycrystal-diamond, PDC drill bit by High in rate of penetration in soft-medium hard formation, the life-span is long, drilling cost is low, is used widely in drilling engineering.Existing The fixed cutter drill bits with PDC drill bit as representative the most all there are several wings, wing is radially arranged along drill bit There is multiple cutting element (to PDC drill bit, cutting element is mainly composite polycrystal-diamond, is called for short composite sheet or PDC tooth).But When boring chance hard formation, the cutting tooth on the nose of PDC drill bit and shoulder is difficult to effective wedging stratum, thus greatly reduces machine Tool drilling speed.Rifler breaks rock in the way of impact crushing, forms deeper crushing teeth hole in shaft bottom.When stratum is harder, no Rock can be made to produce volume and break rock, thus drop low-energy utilization rate, efficiency of breaking rock is relatively low.

From succeeding in developing of U.S.'s shell Hughes Electronics gear wheel PDC composite drill bit technology in 2009, study list both at home and abroad Position starts to study composite drill bit with manufacturing enterprise, and develops the patented product with independent intellectual property right.Shell Hughes Company have submitted many parts of patent applications, wherein United States Patent (USP)s to the U.S. and World Intellectual Property Organization the most in succession In " Hybrid bit with variable exposure " (patent No.: US 8336646 B2), for gear wheel cutting unit The cutting profile of cutting profile and fixing cutting unit carried out several matched design.

But, in the prior art including above-mentioned patented technology, the wing at fixing cutting tooth place is all cut according to synchronization Cut principle to be designed, on the most each wing the cutting tooth of different radial positions simultaneously or synchronize (or basic simultaneously, substantially with Step) enter duty, start to cut bottom rock, and start simultaneously at and wear and tear.Green bit (bores under preferable duty Head center and well center superposition stablize the state of creeping into) drilling rock time, simultaneously participate in and scrape that to cut all cutting teeth of rock equal For main cutting tooth, main cutting tooth is the primary cutting element of drill bit fractured rock, is typically provided at the front side of each wing, in order to Preferably cool down and cleaning performance in reaching.In addition to cutting tooth, standby cutting tooth also can be set as required on drill bit (i.e. when main cutting odontotripsis to a certain extent after the cutting tooth just devoted oneself to work, such as rear toothrow etc.) and assisted machining structure (main Refer to the structure helping main cutting tooth to break rock, as bored tooth, or the buffer structure of protection cutting tooth effect, as buffered joint or buffering tooth Deng).

In drill bit design process, it will usually arbitrarily determine one by the plane of drill bit central axis as cloth tooth axial plane (being also referred to simply as axial plane), on drill bit, the radial and axial position of each cutting tooth all can be expressed on this axial plane accurately.When Drill bit is under conditions of axial location is constant when own axes rotates, and the land contour line of cutting tooth is crossed to form friendship with axial plane Line, this intersection is the axial plane contour line of cutting tooth, then by main cutting teeth all on drill bit (or on some appointment wings or dise knife All main cutting teeth) axial plane contour line collect in this axial plane, be the formation of axial plane cloth tooth figure (or some appointments of drill bit The axial plane cloth tooth figure of wing or dise knife).Because axial plane cloth tooth figure can accurately reflect the cutting tooth covering to bottom rock on drill bit Situation, therefore it is again shaft bottom drape tooth figure, it is called for short drape tooth figure or shaft bottom coverage diagram.

In the shaft bottom coverage diagram of drill bit, make an external envelope tangent with the axial plane contour line of all main cutting teeth bent Line, is the cutting wheel profile (namely crown profile line of drill bit) of drill bit, as in figure 2 it is shown, be that in prior art, conventional PDC bores The shaft bottom coverage diagram of head, wherein, the horizontal direction being labeled as R is drill bit radial direction, and the vertical direction being labeled as Z is that drill bit is axial, The curve of label 11 is the cutting wheel profile of drill bit in prior art.

In the shaft bottom coverage diagram of drill bit, if only specifying the cutting tooth on wing or dise knife to show certain, and incite somebody to action Cutting tooth on other wing or dise knife conceals, and is the formation of the axial plane cloth tooth figure of this wing or dise knife.At wing or dise knife In axial plane cloth tooth figure, making an external envelope curve tangent with the axial plane contour line of each main cutting tooth, this envelope is then referred to as The cutting wheel profile of this wing or dise knife.The cutting wheel profile of wing reflects when on wing, main cutting tooth is distributed the closeest (energy The shaft bottom radial zone at this wing place is completely covered) time, the basic or desired profile in the shaft bottom that this wing independently cuts Shape facility.

If drill bit rotates around own axes under conditions of axial location is constant, then for a certain wing body, on front side of it Face will form a surface of revolution with drill bit central axis as axis along with the rotation of drill bit is scanned with the intersection of its cloth flank of tooth, The intersection of this surface of revolution and axial plane is the body profiles line of wing, as shown in Fig. 2 or 12, is wherein numbered the curve of 32, It is the body profiles line of wing.Similarly, the body profiles line of dise knife is also such.Under normal circumstances, owing to being arranged in cutter The proud exposure of the main cutting tooth on the wing cloth flank of tooth is same or like (except closing on the region of gage land), so wing The shape of cutting wheel profile and its body profiles line is substantially in parastate, and there only may have in the region closing on rule footpath to be the poorest Different.Therefore, based on realizing the needs of synchronous cutting principle, in prior art, the body profiles line of each wing of drill bit is weight mutually Close or essentially coincide.In other words, the body profiles line of each wing of drill bit same with drill bit central axis is all in theory On the surface of revolution of axis, thus they are all one section in an identical curve or same curve.This feature can be referred to as Concordance or synteny for drill bit each wing body profiles line.Obviously, this concordance or synteny are not only present in each cutter The body profiles line of the wing, and the cutting wheel profile to each wing is also to set up.This architectural feature just so that be fixedly arranged at Main cutting tooth on each wing of drill bit simultaneously or synchronous cutting bottom rock, and then can form pit shaft.

Utility model patent " there is the polycrystalline diamond compact bit of secondary gear structure " (Patent No.: And utility model patent " has the composite polycrystal-diamond of the longitudinal standby cutting structure of stand alone type ZL200620033337.3) Drill bit " in (Patent No.: ZL200720082270.7), all disclose one and there is the PDC drill bit of standby (two grades) toothing, Its common feature is that standby tooth is all consolidated in the bit body under main cutting tooth, and i.e. standby tooth is relative to the inside cloth of bit body Put, thus indulge at drill bit and be upwardly formed multiple step structure.The purpose arranging longitudinal standby tooth in two patents is to increase drill bit The longitudinal direction of Adamas cutting tooth can be worn and torn length, extends drilling life of bit.But the longitudinal standby tooth in above-mentioned two schemes is In inserted, and its main cutting tooth all by synchronous cutting principle work, as inserted in assisted machining structure must be at main cutting tooth Abrasion totally and body have part wears after just start working, but while interior inserted rock cutting, wing body with The contact of stratum occurrence of large-area, significantly reduces standby cutting tooth and acts on the ratio pressure of rock so that drill bit creep into effect Rate is very limited.

The existing PDC drill bit with synchronous cutting principle in the face of complicated bad ground (high rigidity, high abrasive or even Containing the heterogeneity such as gravel layer, interlayer stratum) time, not only drilling efficiency is restricted, and its service life is the most undesirable.It is the most former Because being: first, in order to ensure that drill bit can possess stronger wedging or invade the ability of rock surface, just when hard formation creeps into Need to use size (diameter) less cutting tooth, but the proud exposure of minor diameter cutting tooth be little, can wear height the lowest Cut tooth in major diameter, but now cut the rate of wear of tooth faster, be therefore the formation of a bad ground drill bit design In insoluble contradiction: according to major diameter cut tooth, cutting tooth be difficult to invade rock (particularly occur to a certain degree to wear and tear After), drill bit efficiency of breaking rock is low；Cutting tooth according to minor diameter, the working life of cutting tooth is the most inadequate.Second, drill bit is firmly Cut tooth when stratum, heterogeneity stratum are crept into and be frequently subjected to stronger shock loading, easily occur to cut the most individually tooth on a small quantity Come off, rupture, fragmentation, the rapid failure phenomenon such as burst apart of diamond layer, this phenomenon once occurs, and will cause close region The chain inefficacy that cutting tooth causes because workload increases, produces ring cutting phenomenon, i.e. drill bit then in this radial zone The exposure part of cutting tooth is wholly or largely ground off, and and then grinds cannelure on drill bit each wing body.Ring cutting is existing As once occurring, on drill bit, the body of each wing all directly contacts with rock formation face, even if the cutting tooth on wing is the most complete Portion has ground, but owing to ratio presses serious reduction, so the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit can be remarkably decreased.So, when grinding annular groove on drill bit After, typically it is considered as drill bit and has lost or close to losing cutting power, not only can not reenter well and use, time serious, even connect reparation (changing or renovate worn-out cutting tooth) is all difficult to carry out.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is: proposes a kind of composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground, can be obviously improved drill bit Workability under the formation conditions such as complicated applications condition, bad ground, particularly high rigidity, high abrasive, high inhomogeneity Energy.

This utility model purpose is realized by following technical proposals:

A kind of composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground, including drill body, the wing of relative drill body consolidation, relatively The gear wheel that drill body is rotationally connected, and the hydrophthalmia that is arranged on drill body or nozzle, wing is provided with several One group of cutting tooth, the wing cloth flank of tooth arranges recess and cuts tooth in order to fix first group, and gear wheel is rotated with drill body by bit leg Connect, gear wheel is provided with tooth, at least the body profiles of the body profiles line of a wing and at least another one wing Line has at least one misaligned region (or the most different wide region) in the range of collectively covering, and at least one coincidence point or Overlapping region (or being referred to as with wide region).

For the drill body involved by this utility model, bit leg, gear wheel, wing, the wing cloth flank of tooth, hydrophthalmia, nozzle, cutter Wing body profiles line, so first group cutting tooth, the concept being known in the art, do not repeat at this, be referred to as Fig. 1, 11, shown in 15 and Figure 22, for the structural representation of this utility model drill bit, wherein, 1 it is drill body, 2 is gear wheel, 21 is tooth The palm, 8 be tooth, 3 be wing, 33 be the wing cloth flank of tooth, 41 be first group of cutting tooth, 61 for hydrophthalmia or nozzle；As shown in figure 11, For wing body profiles line schematic diagram each in this utility model, (Figure 12 is that Fig. 1 drill bit each wing body profiles line is in coverage diagram Shape and position), wherein, 32 is wing body profiles line.

In existing technology, on drill bit the body profiles line of all wings all same with drill bit central axis as axle On the surface of revolution of line, thus they broadly fall into an identical curve, or are respectively a section in same curve.But in this practicality In novel, each wing can have independent, to be not affiliated with same surface of revolution wing body profiles line, and at least one The body profiles line of wing has misaligned with the body profiles line of at least another one wing in the range of collectively covering simultaneously Region (the most different wide region) and coincidence point or overlapping region (hereafter referred to collectively as with wide region, comprise coincidence point and coincidence Region).

What deserves to be explained is, the coverage of wing (namely the radial cutting working range of wing or region) refers to wing On radial extension between inner side cutting tooth and outermost cutting tooth.Can also use between wing contour line Origin And Destination Radial extension is as the coverage of wing.Specifically described herein collectively covers scope, refers to two or more wing phases Overlapping (being i.e. collectively responsible for) radially working region, such as scope a that collectively covers and the Fig. 7 in Fig. 7 (a) four-headed arrow indication region Four-headed arrow indication region shown in (b) collectively cover scope b, wherein Fig. 7 (a) show a long wing on same drill bit (the operator wing) and the body profiles line schematic diagram of a short sword wing (secondary wing), Fig. 7 (b) show two rimmer knifes on same drill bit The body profiles line schematic diagram of the wing (the operator wing), it is clear that it is different that wing represented by Fig. 7 (a) and Fig. 7 (b) collectively covers scope 's.Further, each wing body profiles line coincidence point in the range of it collectively covers can be the intersection point of each curve, it is possible to To be the point of contact between curve, the intersection point as shown in dash area 34 in Fig. 7 (a) and point of contact；Each wing body profiles line is at it Overlapping region in the range of collectively covering is the part that each wing body profiles line overlaps or essentially coincides, such as Fig. 7 (a), Fig. 7 Overlapping region shown in dash area 34 in (b)；On the other hand, in the range of collectively covering, on wing body profiles line except The misaligned region that the part of coincidence point and overlapping region (also known as with wide region) is wing body profiles line is (the most different Wide region).In addition to coincidence point, the width of misaligned region and overlapping region is defined as it along the most shared width of drill bit.

First group of cutting tooth on wing is arranged generally along the body profiles line of wing, and forms the cutting of corresponding wing Contour line.By the above, in existing bit technique, each wing cutting wheel profile overlaps as same in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom Curve, meanwhile, this curve is also the cutting wheel profile of whole drill bit, and parallel or the most flat with the body profiles line of wing OK.And each wing body profiles line in this utility model with some misaligned regions will have and some do not weigh by self-assembling formation Closing the wing cutting wheel profile in region, as it is shown on figure 3, C is overlapping region in the drill bit coverage diagram being made up of two wings, N is Misaligned region.On the other hand, according to previously described definition content, bit cutting contour line is actually the cutting of each wing Contour line taking the lead in and the superposing of stratum contact area in same axial plane, such as Fig. 3,14,23, label 11 is bit cutting wheel Profile, label 31 is wing cutting wheel profile.Integrate, if the body profiles line of some wing and the body of other wings Contour line has several different wide regions in the range of collectively covering simultaneously and several are with wide region, the then cutting wheel of this wing Profile and bit cutting contour line misaligned in subregion (the most asynchronous cutting zone, hereinafter referred to as asynchronous area), and Another part region (including a point or one section of curve) coincide or essentially coincide (referred to as synchronous cutting region, hereinafter referred to as Retaining zone).Obviously, the different wide region of wing body profiles line is corresponding to the asynchronous area of wing cutting wheel profile, with wide district Territory is then corresponding with retaining zone.

In operation principle, there is the wing of asynchronous area and compare the difference of conventional synchronous cutting wing and be: cutter On the wing, also not all tooth simultaneously participates in work, but only has part cutting tooth (the cutting tooth of retaining zone) and participate in work, waits this A little cutting odontotripsises to a certain extent after, the cutting tooth of other region (the cutting tooth of asynchronous area) just can touch rock also Start rock cutting work.Obviously, the wing with this cutting tooth work characteristics stage by stage is referred to as (the letter of asynchronous cutting wing Claim asynchronous wing), when the pressure of the drill undertaken is identical, compared to having prior art (the cutting tooth of different radial positions on wing All simultaneously or the participation cutting rock that synchronizes), the ratio pressure acting on rock is high.Asynchronous wing number is the most, this effect promoted than pressure The most notable with (being called for short supercharging effectiveness), if the whole wing of drill bit all uses the wing with asynchronous cutting characteristic, its supercharging is imitated With more prominent, it be advantageous to promote drill bit and invade the ability of rock at bad ground.For conventional bit, wing is cut Cutting profile overlap with bit cutting profile or essentially coincide, on wing, the cutting tooth of different radial positions or synchronizes all simultaneously Participation rock cutting be referred to as synchronous cutting.The drill bit comprising asynchronous wing is referred to as asynchronous cut drill and (is called for short asynchronous brill Head).

If only having a single point or the narrowest single region and drill bit on drill bit on the cutting wheel profile of certain asynchronous wing Cutting wheel profile coincides or essentially coincides, then mean that the cutting wheel profile of this wing is at this point or place, the narrowest region Position on be evagination, the cutting wheel profile of other positions of wing is then relative to bit cutting contour line indent, it is clear that only Cutting tooth at boss is to work from the beginning, along with this or these the continuous of tooth is worn and torn, wing is in indent The cutting tooth at position the most gradually comes into contact with and rock cutting.Equally, if having some on the cutting wheel profile of certain asynchronous wing The regional area of individual point or some mutual interruptions coincides with bit cutting contour line, then the cutting wheel profile of this wing is at these Position is local evagination, and remaining region is then relative to bit cutting contour line indent, therefore at the beginning of the drilling process of drill bit, Having the cutting tooth at these evagination positions at rock cutting, the cutting tooth at remaining indent position is then at male part position cutting odontotripsis extremely Just progress into the process of rock cutting after to a certain degree, thus realize the work stage by stage of different parts cutting tooth on same wing Make.Obviously, asynchronous wing has local the most exactly and cuts the wing of feature, when the pressure of the drill that wing undertakes is identical, this Wing acts in the cutting zone of local that the ratio pressure of rock is obvious exceeds conventional wing.Asynchronous wing number is the most, this lifting More notable than the effectiveness of pressure (being called for short supercharging effectiveness).If the whole wing of drill bit all uses asynchronous wing, the most now drill bit can claim For disparate step drill bit, its supercharging effectiveness is more prominent, is advantageous to promote drill bit and invades the ability of rock at bad ground.

Corresponding to foregoing teachings, asynchronous wing participates in the regional area of initial cuts, its cutting wheel profile is evagination, The wing body profiles line naturally also evagination of relevant position, as shown in Figure 8.Further, wing body profiles line has multiple During local crowning, wing body profiles is made to present the shape facility of rising and falling shape, as shown in Fig. 9,12,18,19.To two bases For the asynchronous wing that body contour shape differs, the local crowning on wing is the most, then within it collectively covers region, and two Intersection or joining between wing body profiles line are the most.If the local crowning position of asynchronous wings multiple on drill bit is handed over Wrong distribution, just can utilize the most overlapping multiple local crownings to complete the covering to bottom section even all radial zones.? In drilling process, as long as the bossing on drill bit is not smoothed, pressurized effect also exists the most to some extent.Additionally, local Protruding height can significantly higher than cut diameter (knuckle-tooth) or the working depth (non-knuckle-tooth) of tooth, and the discrepancy in elevation is the biggest, not only cutter The supercharging shear action timeliness of the wing is the longest, and on the other hand the length of wing body profiles line is the longest, on the most same wing Cloth tooth region the biggest, cutting number of teeth amount is the most, and the number of teeth increases and cuts the feature that works stage by stage of tooth and be mutually matched, Thus adding the working life extending asynchronous drill bit on the basis of wing creeps into than pressure.

In this utility model, can effectively be regulated the cutter set density of drill bit by wing body profiles line, improve drill bit and fit Answer the scope on stratum and lasting drilling ability.Echelon cloth tooth by this utility model schematic design making can be effectively increased the axle of drill bit To can wear volume, extend drill bit service life.This utility model composite drill bit is when broken rock, and gear wheel cutting structure can be right Bottom rock carries out precrushing effectively, in the broken hole that shaft bottom formation is the most discrete, and the cutting element of diamond fraction (cutting tooth) you can effective wedging stratum, and with less energy removably layer material, complete bottom rock is crushed.Two Organically blending of the cutting structure of the different rock breaking mechanisms of kind, enhances efficiency of breaking rock.In conjunction with the asynchronous cutting of wing in the application Construction features, improving while efficiency of breaking rock, extending the service life of drill bit.

Therefore, according to above to this utility model purpose and rationale, it is possible to understand that and confirm, this practicality is new Type defined " the body profiles line of wing and the body profiles line of other wings have at least one in the range of collectively covering Misaligned region (or the most different wide region) " should not do absolute understanding, the most not should that may be present in prior art, Some unconscious lower or the most lower or for the body wheel of wing that causes under other purposes of this utility model wide of the mark Profile and the body profiles line of other wings exist lesser degree of misaligned contain including；Those skilled in the art are based on aforementioned This utility model purpose and rationale, according to the prior art grasped, common knowledge, for described " misaligned region " Degree obviously can correct understanding, it is not necessary to defined especially；Typically, in order to preferably realize of the present utility model " carrying Rise drill bit and invade the ability of rock at bad ground " purpose, this misaligned region accounts for the whole ratio collectively covering range areas Example is preferably not less than 25%.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is entirety or the curve of major part evagination, and described Each extra curvature male portion summit differs along the radial position of drill bit radial direction.

In this programme, the outer convex domain substantially only a fraction of wing body profiles line corresponding to wing cutting wheel profile with The region (retaining zone) that bit cutting contour line coincides；And remaining region on wing body profiles line is cut corresponding to wing Cut the region (asynchronous area) that contour line is misaligned with bit cutting contour line.The radial direction on the summit of two wing concave portion Position differs, and wing cutting wheel profile just can be made mutually overlapping with bit cutting contour line in relevant position, summit when design Closing, now the cutting tooth of two wing summits and adjacent locations just becomes the initial cutting tooth participating in work, and away from this region Cutting tooth (except retaining zone) cutwork wouldn't be participated in.So, the ratio pressure acted on initialization cutting tooth is higher than Conventional bit, is conducive to improving drill bit and invades the ability of rock.In this programme, body profiles line is entirety or major part evagination Curve be actually unimodal curve, i.e. only exist a projection on wing body profiles line, as shown in Figure 4.Institute in Fig. 4 (a) The wing body profiles line shown is the curve of overall evagination, and the wing body profiles line shown in Fig. 4 (b) is major part evagination Curve, the curve of label 32c is the body profiles line of conventional wing in prior art, marks in phantom at this, in order to convex Entirety described in aobvious this utility model or the feature of major part evagination wing body profiles line.Although wing body profiles is single Peak curve, if the local crowning of each wing body profiles curve radially mutually staggers along drill bit, then these wings still can possess Asynchronous area.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, and At least one local crowning it is respectively arranged with along drill bit radial direction or partly or entirely the most wrong along bit cutting contour line between described curve Open.

Different from the wing body profiles line only having single entirety or major part evagination in aforementioned schemes, in this programme cuttves Wing body profiles line has multiple local crowning, and therefore, the distribution of each local crowning can have different situations, as shown in Figure 6. Wherein, Fig. 6 (a) show each local crowning along drill bit radial distribution, and on different wing body profiles line local crowning along boring Head radially (arrow A direction in figure) partly or entirely staggers；Fig. 6 (b) show each local crowning and divides along bit cutting contour line On cloth, and different wing body profiles line, local crowning is partly or entirely wrong along bit cutting contour line (arrow B direction in figure) Open.What deserves to be explained is, local crowning distribution represented in Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b) and displaced manner are only two kinds more Typical distribution mode, but it is not limited to this two ways.

In such scheme, wing body profiles line is the curve with one or more local crowning, just may be used when design So that wing cutting wheel profile coincides with bit cutting contour line in the relevant position, summit of local crowning, the most each wing office Summit and the cutting tooth of adjacent locations that portion is protruding just become the initial cutting tooth participating in work, and away from the cutting tooth in this region (except retaining zone) wouldn't participate in cutwork.Such structure make drill bit in drilling process, on synchronization wing only There is the part cutting tooth contact shaft bottom at the top of local crowning, reduce the contact area of drill bit and rock, the ratio on cutting tooth Pressure, higher than conventional bit, makes the effective wedging stratum of drill bit energy；Even if drill bit weares and teares, part cutting tooth is caused to be destroyed, Still suffer from remaining part not being worn cutting tooth following contacts shaft bottom, put into cutwork, it is ensured that drill bit creeps into overall process It is all high specific pressure, the beneficially raising of drill bit rate of penetration.

Secondly, the wing body profiles line of fluctuating not only makes the cutting tooth on same wing body profiles line join stage by stage With broken rock, also making its cloth tine length longer, the cloth number of teeth amount on the most same wing is the most more, and the number of teeth increases divides with cutting tooth The stage feature of work is mutually matched, thus is adding the working life extending drill bit on the basis of wing creeps into than pressure. The particularly local crowning on the body profiles line of wing mutually staggers, and has preferably cloth tooth effect, i.e. can form local Protruding alternate covering (it can be appreciated that be longitudinally formed multiple step structure, such as Figure 14, and the region, heart portion of Figure 23), It is obviously prolonged the worn and torn length of cutting tooth.And the cutting tooth in alternate covering region remains as the table edge being exposed to outside wing Tooth, can keep high specific pressure when creeping into.Additionally, in this programme, allow also to the radial direction position at drill bit of the local crowning on each curve Put coincidence.Have the polycrystalline diamond compact bit (200620033337.3) of secondary gear structure and have stand alone type longitudinally after The polycrystalline diamond compact bit (200720082270.7) of standby cutting structure, all discloses a kind of standby (two grades) toothing PDC drill bit, its common feature is that standby tooth is all embedded in the bit body under main tooth (base tooth), i.e. standby tooth is relative to brill Head body is inwardly arranged, thus indulges at drill bit and be upwardly formed multiple step structure, but the longitudinal standby tooth in above-mentioned two schemes is In inserted, be first group of initial contact stratum cutting odontotripsis totally after and body have part wears after just start working, While standby tooth rock cutting, wing body contacts with stratum occurrence of large-area, significantly reduces standby cutting Tooth acts on the ratio pressure of rock, so that the drilling efficiency of drill bit is very limited.

Meanwhile, wing has the existence of several local crownings, add the chip space of drill bit, reduce landwaste in cutting Accumulation near tooth, is conducive to heat radiation and the cooling of cutting tooth, reduces the thermal wear of cutting tooth, improve drill bit from another point of view Service behaviour.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of the wing of 40% quantity is the song with at least one local crowning It is respectively arranged with at least one local crowning between line, and described curve along drill bit radial component or all mutually to stagger.

In such scheme, if the wing quantity of different exterior feature is maintained at certain proportion scope, it is possible to play different better and more scientifically The asynchronous shear action of wide wing.Obviously, the ratio of 40% may result in a non-integral result in this scenario, this Time, according to the understanding of general knowledge, need to carry out rounding: such as, a total of 6 wings of drill bit, then 40% is exactly 2.4, and rounding is 2 Individual wing.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, and The misaligned peak width of described curve at least accounts for 1/4th of drill bit radius..

In such scheme, if asynchronous area scope is maintained at certain proportion, it is possible to preferably play the asynchronous cutting of drill bit Effect.The length increasing asynchronous area can allow the life-span of drill bit regional interior cutting tooth be mutually matched, and reduces and creeps into The purpose of cost.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, and The local crowning mutually staggered between described curve is distributed in the radial zone beyond drill bit three/Radius.

PDC drill bit crown is generally located in the radial zone beyond drill bit three/Radius, crown (also referred to as nose) and And crown is very fast with the cutter-wear rate of exterior domain (external taper and shoulder).On the one hand, the cutting tooth position in crown region In the least significant end of drill bit, the change (replacing stratum etc. such as soft or hard) to formation lithology is more sensitive, and drill bit is passing through soft or hard alternately Interface time, easily cause the crown region cutting overload of tooth and collapse the failure phenomenons such as damage.On the other hand, beyond crown Cutting tooth movement velocity during rock cutting in region is higher, cuts tooth punching when hard formation and heterogeneity stratum creep into Hitting load relatively large, frictional heat also ratio is more serious, so the speed of its wear out failure is apparently higher than near centre Cutting tooth.Using such scheme, asynchronous area can cover cuts the fireballing region of tooth inefficacy on drill bit, thus significantly improves brill Head these positions can wear height, increase cutting structure invade rock ability, promote bit life, reduce creep into into This.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, and The local crowning mutually staggered between described curve is distributed in the radial zone within drill bit 2/3rds radius.

Under some special operation condition, during combined drilling, drill bit movement complicated condition, do not only exist oscillation crosswise, And exist shimmy, and drill bit is likely to be at duty uneven with hole axis.For this utility model composite drill For Tou, in perimeter by the cooperation region of dise knife Yu fixing wing, and region, heart portion is the weakest, this Under the conditions of, easily there is Fast Wearing because of unbalance loading in the cutting tooth in drill bit internal region.The interior zone number of teeth due to PDC drill bit Less, so, once indivedual teeth lost efficacy, it is easy to chain reaction occurs, and caused the generation of internal ring cutting failure phenomenon, this mistake Effect phenomenon is commonly called as " from the bottom of one's heart " phenomenon.In the program, asynchronous area is arranged in the region within drill bit 2/3rds radius, it is possible to Significantly improve drill bit these positions can wear height, thus extend PDC drill bit in Special complex operating modes such as combined drillings Under service life, reduce and even avoid the generation of phenomenon from the bottom of one's heart.

As preferably, the local crowning shape of wing body profiles line is similar or identical, can also be dissimilar or differ. As preferably, the local crowning shape of the wing body profiles line of at least 50% quantity is similar or identical.Obviously, in this scenario The ratio of 50% may result in a non-integral result, at this time, it may be necessary to carry out rounding.Such as, a total of 5 wings of drill bit Body profiles line, then 50% is exactly 2.5, rounding is 2 wing body profiles lines.

As preferably, the shape of local crowning can be similar parabola shaped, trapezoidal, circular, oval etc., can also For the combination between them, as shown in Figure 9.

As preferably, the height of all wing body profiles line local crownings is not less than 8mm.

As preferably, overall or most of evagination the height of all wing body profiles lines is not less than 8mm.

In such scheme, first boundary's point of elevated regions is set forth as follows: for the region of overall evagination, its protruding boundary Point should be respectively the wing body profiles line end points near drill bit heart portion and wing body profiles line bizet and gage areas Separation, the point 322 as shown in Figure 10 (a)；For major part evagination or the region of local crowning, if whole projection occupy same Article one, between two troughs of smoothed curve, then the two trough must have a common tangent and two point of contacts of difference, and these are two years old Individual point of contact is its protruding boundary point, the point 322 as shown in Figure 10 (b)；If the non-light that whole protruding two ends are different curved section Slip point, then this junction point is i.e. as boundary's point of this projection, the point 322 as shown in Figure 10 (c)；If the side of certain projection For having the continuously smooth curve of trough, opposite side is previously described curved section Non-smooth surface junction point, then this junction point is first As one of its boundary's point, another boundary's point is from this point of contact of made tangent line at protruding opposite side smoothed curve section trough, Point 322 as shown in Figure 10 (d).Accordingly, the width of certain protruding (including overall evagination, major part evagination and local crowning) Being defined as the length of this projection both sides circle point line, W as shown in Figure 10, its point being the most then defined as on fillet curve is extremely The maximum distance of both sides circle point line, H as shown in Figure 10, the point that fillet curve obtains this maximum distance is this projection Summit.It should be noted that owing to protruding shape can have a lot of situations of change, although above-mentioned definition is just for having Several convex shape of limit are made, but its essence spirit is equally applicable to, and difformity is protruding (includes overall evagination, major part Evagination and local crowning) other situation.The region relating to projection in this patent full text (includes outside overall evagination, major part Convex and local crowning) calculating the most according to said method, be not repeated.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, institute State between curve misaligned area distribution in drill bit radially 1/3rd with exterior domain, and the height of local crowning is from bit central Outwards become larger.

In the program, the height of local crowning outwards becomes larger from bit central so that drill bit can better adapt to The bad ground such as high abrasive stratum, gravel layer, and under the contour speed conditions of combined drilling, utilize asynchronous cutting principle to extend The working life of these regions cutting tooth.

As preferably, different wide wing is more than other regions at the local crowning height of drill bit crown region or nasal region.

When drill bit passes through the heterogeneity formation condition such as interlayer, gravel layer, the nose of drill bit, shoulder often carry a large amount of broken Rock load, power consumption so that the cutting tooth Fast Wearing at these positions, and then make drill bit premature failure.In the program, by increasing Drill bit crown region or the local crowning of nasal region, not only improve the drill bit rock wedging ability at these positions, also increase Add its abrasion length, thus extend bit life on the basis of promoting drilling efficiency.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, institute State between each curve an at least local crowning overlap or essentially coincide, and arrange between different wing body profiles line First group of cutting tooth in the local crowning that coincides mutually staggers.

As preferably, at least a wing has preposition wing body profiles line and at least one rearmounted wing basis simultaneously Body contour line, preposition wing body profiles line and rearmounted wing body profiles line are the song with at least one local crowning Line.Preferably, local crowning radially or the most mutually staggers along bit cutting contour line along drill bit.

The cutting structure of two asynchronous wings is substantially incorporated on a wing body by such scheme.In the program, On same wing, two different wing body profiles lines are provided with at least two rows and cut tooth, therefore can not increase wing number Under conditions of amount, increase the cutter set density of drill bit, the asynchronous cutting structure of strengthening drill bit, be the most also beneficial to expand the stream of drill bit Road, more fully, effectively utilizes bit operation space, improves the combination property of drill bit.

As preferably, at least a wing has preposition wing body profiles line and at least one rearmounted wing basis simultaneously Body contour line, preposition wing body profiles line and rearmounted wing body profiles line are the song with at least one local crowning Line, on described each curve, at least a local crowning overlaps or essentially coincides, and between different wing body profiles line The first group of cutting tooth being arranged in the local crowning that coincides mutually staggers.So can make the asynchronous cutting of privileged sites on drill bit Structure is strengthened.

As preferably, described wing is provided with at least one proud exposure second group of cutting tooth less than or equal to zero, Or at least one dead slot is or/and second group be fixed in dead slot is cut tooth.

In the program, it is less than or equal to second group of cutting tooth and the sky of zero relative to wing its proud exposure of body profiles line Groove (including that built-in tooth and built-in table are inserted etc.) is arranged in wing body the most simultaneously, can not only be greatly increased wing Abrasion length, is also effectively utilized wing body space, while guaranteeing to creep into than pressure, extends bit life further.

As preferably, cloth in overall or most of evagination or wing region corresponding to local crowning on wing body profiles line It is equipped with at least one proud exposure second group of cutting tooth less than or equal to zero, or at least one dead slot is or/and be fixed on sky Second group of cutting tooth in groove.

In the program, owing to the local crowning of wing body creeps into higher than pressure, cutting tooth arranges negligible amounts, the most general Logical wing is easier to abrasion, and after the abrasion of this part wing body, this region arranges dead slot can make worn-out cutting tooth carry in outside Depart from rapidly wing body under lotus, and then expose dead slot and second group of cutting tooth, worn-out region is repaired, is ensureing On the basis of drilling life of bit, the ability of bit cutting rock updated.

As preferably, corresponding to wing cutting wheel profile and the bit cutting contour line of wing body profiles line local crowning Tangent.

As preferably, corresponding to wing cutting wheel profile and the bit cutting contour line of wing body profiles line local crowning Partially overlap.

As preferably, gear wheel is provided with wide inserted (i.e. 4 points of addendum widths of tooth are more than or equal to its tooth post width, tool Body concept is shown in Chinese patent " a kind of wide insert bit ", the patent No. 2013100636239), and the value of tooth top angle of deflection Scope is 70 °～90 °.

In such scheme, angle of deflection refers to addendum line (i.e. along cutting tooth addendum width direction vertical and cutting axis) With the angle of the wheel cone nut line of cutting tooth place gear wheel, as shown in figure 16.The setting of large deflection angle so that gear wheel is with phase on gear ring Interval, adjacent interdental space substantially reduces, and greatly strengthen the stability that gear wheel tooth replaces in rock break-off process, the most still Remain the advantage of the inserted technology of gear wheel.So, wide inserted in rock break-off process, the time that bottoms out of each tooth increases relatively, and Significantly reduce with acting on rock impact effect close to the linear load with static pressure, strengthen the stability of bit operation.

It is preferred that, described gear wheel is disc cutter, and it is continuous dise knife shape that disc cutter cuts tooth.

As preferably, described cutting tooth is composite polycrystal-diamond, polycrystal diamond composite teeth, thermally-stabilised glomerocryst Buddha's warrior attendant Stone cutting tooth, natural diamond cutting tooth, impregnated Adamas cutting tooth, carbide cutting tooth, cubic boron nitride cutting tooth, pottery Porcelain cuts tooth or the cutting tooth comprising diamond or cubic boron nitride.

Aforementioned this utility model main formula case and each further selection scheme thereof can be with independent assortment to form multiple schemes, all Can use for this utility model and claimed scheme；And this utility model, (each non conflicting selection) select between and and Other can also independent assortment between selecting.Those skilled in the art are understanding after this utility model scheme according to prior art Can understand there is multiple combination with common knowledge, be the claimed technical scheme of this utility model, do not do at this exhaustive.

Explanation of nouns:

The proud exposure of cutting tooth: refer to the peak the cutting land distance to wing body profiles line.Exposure is high Degree just can be, be negative, it is also possible to equal to zero, and when cutting outside land is exposed to wing body, the proud exposure of tooth is just Value.

First group of cutting tooth: be arranged in the proud exposure cutting tooth more than zero on the wing body cloth flank of tooth.

Second group of cutting tooth: be arranged on wing, and relative to wing body profiles line proud exposure less than or equal to zero Cutting tooth.In inserted and built-in table is inserted etc. belongs to second group of cutting tooth.

Interior inserted: be less than or equal to the cutting tooth of zero relative to wing body profiles line proud exposure, cutting tooth is except cutting Other surface (mainly side and bottom end face) beyond working face and wing body comprehensive engagement, and rely on this contact to close System realizes the consolidation of cutting tooth.I.e. cutting tooth is embedded in wing body or bit body, as shown in fig. 20b completely.

Dead slot: be arranged on the wing body below first group of cutting, can be through slot, it is possible to for non-penetrating blind slot. The effect one of dead slot is can to play to reduce invalid the pressure of the drill disadvantageous to rock cutting that wing body is undertaken after bit wear, Two is to provide cloth tooth space for built-in table is inserted.

Built-in table is inserted: be fixed on wing body in the dead slot arranged, and its land exposure is in its dead slot surface, place Cutting tooth.When first group of the inserted front of built-in table cutting tooth and wing body completely worn out after, built-in table is inserted can be as the One group of cutting tooth, like that with the high specific pressure mode rock cutting that table is inserted, makes the stock-removing efficiency of drill bit obtain a certain degree of extensive Multiple.Built-in table is inserted inserted to be completely embedded in wing body, as illustrated in fig. 20 unlike interior.The design of dead slot makes to apply The pressure of the drill inserted in built-in table is not absorbed by wing body about, that is the inserted ratio pressure of built-in table is not because of neighbouring wing body Exist and substantially reduce so that its working condition is consistent or close with first group of cutting tooth, that is in dead slot near cutting tooth Wing body is not involved in contacting rock, so that inlaying form rock cutting with table during the inserted work of built-in table, thus it creeps into than pressure The most substantially reduce for relative first group of cutting tooth, while ensureing cutting tooth wedging ability, improve the use longevity of drill bit Life.

Cloth tooth axial plane or axial plane: by the plane of drill bit central axis, be mainly used in expressing each footpath cutting tooth on drill bit To and axial location, and the cutting tooth coverage condition to bottom rock, and the elementary contour feature in shaft bottom.

Shaft bottom coverage diagram: when drill bit rotates around own axes under conditions of axial location is constant, the land of cutting tooth Contour line and axial plane are crossed to form intersection, and this intersection is the axial plane contour line of cutting tooth, then is taken turns by the axial plane of all main cutting teeth Profile collects in this axial plane, is the formation of the axial plane cloth tooth figure of drill bit.Because axial plane cloth tooth figure can accurately reflect on drill bit cut Cut the tooth coverage condition to bottom rock, therefore be again shaft bottom drape tooth figure, be called for short drape tooth figure or shaft bottom coverage diagram.

Bit cutting contour line: in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom, make one tangent with the axial plane contour line of all main cutting teeth External envelope curve, is bit cutting contour line.This curve characterizes the elementary contour feature in the got out shaft bottom of drill bit.

Wing cutting wheel profile: in the shaft bottom coverage diagram of drill bit, only specifies the cutting tooth on wing to represent certain Come, and the cutting tooth on other wing is concealed, be the formation of the axial plane cloth tooth figure of this wing.Axial plane cloth tooth figure at wing In, make an external envelope curve tangent with the axial plane contour line of each main cutting tooth, this envelope is the cutting wheel of this wing Profile.

Wing body profiles line: definition cloth tooth axial plane in, if drill bit under conditions of axial location is constant around self axle Line rotates, then, for a certain wing body, its leading flank will scan formation one along with the rotation of drill bit with the intersection of its cloth flank of tooth The intersection of individual space curved surface, this space curved surface and axial plane is the body profiles line of wing.

Wing body profiles line preposition, rearmounted: if each there is the adjacent of wing body profiles line by two or more Wing merges into same wing, then arise that a plurality of wing body profiles line, in this case, edge on the wing body after merging The referred to as preposition wing body profiles line of forefront, bit direction, remaining is rearmounted wing contour line.Same wing body On adjacent blades body profiles line between may also set up the necessary structure such as runner, hydrophthalmia and nozzle.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) this utility model composite drill bit is fixed the differing of body profiles line of wing, can effectively regulate drill bit Cutter set density, improve drill bit and adapt to the scope on stratum and lasting drilling ability.

(2) this utility model forms multiple step knot along the cutting tooth that wing body profiles line is arranged in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom Structure, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase the axial wear volume of drill bit, extends the service life of drill bit.Occur in first order cutting tooth (main cutting tooth) After abrasion, and it is exposed to outer secondary cutting tooth and can quickly participate in cutting, and keep the high specific pressure state crept into.

(3) the wing cutting wheel profile phase incomplete with bit cutting contour line of drill bit in technical solutions of the utility model With, but partially overlap or contact, other regions do not contact.In this utility model this have asynchronous cutting feature cutter The wing, when the pressure of the drill undertaken is identical, compared to having the wing of synchronous cutting feature, the ratio pressure acting on rock is obvious high.Different Step wing number is the most, and this effectiveness (being called for short supercharging effectiveness) promoted than pressing is the most notable.

(4) when wing body profiles line is alternately formed by connecting by lobe and depressed part.Wing has lobe and depressed part Existence, increase drill bit chip space, reduce landwaste cutting tooth near accumulation, be conducive to cut tooth scattered H/C But, the thermal wear of cutting tooth is reduced.

(5) this utility model reduces the drill bit sensitivity to formation condition, widens the single drill bit subject range to stratum (from soft formation to hard formation), in soft formation, the cutting tooth near projection can be regarded a big cutting element as and scrape and cut Stratum, it is thus achieved that higher rate of penetration and drilling efficiency.In hard formation, rely on omnidistance high specific pressure and axial multilayer can wear and tear body Long-pending, it is thus achieved that higher rate of penetration and service life.

(6) region of composite drill bit local weak can be strengthened by this utility model technology so that composite drill bit Sustainable drilling ability is further enhanced.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the drill bit structure schematic diagram of this utility model first embodiment；

Fig. 2 is the cloth tooth coverage diagram of existing drill bit；

Fig. 3 is overlapping region and the principle schematic of not overlapping region in this utility model；

Fig. 4 (a), (b) are body profiles line entirety evagination or the structural representation of major part evagination；

Fig. 5 (a), (b) be the body profiles line of wing be unimodal curve and the bossing of different wing of overall evagination The structural representation that staggers mutually in same drill bit axial plane internal phase of summit；

Fig. 6 (a), (b) are the protruding schematic diagram radially staggered with bit cutting contour line direction；

Fig. 7 (a), (b) be in this utility model wing body profiles line collectively cover region, coincidence point, overlapping region with And the schematic diagram in misaligned region.

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of body profiles line local crowning；

Fig. 9 (a)-(c) is that body profiles line has multiple local crowning and the different structural representation of convex shape；

Figure 10 (a)-(d) is this utility model protrusions circle point and ledge width, the definition schematic diagram of height of projection；

Figure 11 is the top view of Fig. 1；

Figure 12 is the wing body profiles line of Fig. 1 shape in coverage diagram；

Figure 13 (a)-(h) is the cloth tooth figure of each wing of Fig. 1；

Figure 14 is the overall coverage diagram of Fig. 1；

Figure 15 is the structural representation of this utility model the second embodiment；

Figure 16 is the structural representation of the inserted deflection angle of width of Figure 15；

Figure 17 is the structural representation of this utility model the 3rd embodiment；

Figure 18 is structural representation inserted in this utility model the 4th embodiment；

Figure 19 is the structural representation that this utility model the 4th built-in table of embodiment is inserted；

Figure 20 (a), (b) are the inserted and interior inserted sectional view of the most built-in table；

Figure 21 (a), (b) are the difference schematic diagram that in this utility model, different built-in tables are inserted；

Figure 22,23 it is respectively the structural representation of this utility model the 5th embodiment and shaft bottom coverage diagram；

Figure 24 (a)-(h) is the cloth tooth figure of each wing of this utility model sixth embodiment；

In figure: 1, drill body；11, bit cutting contour line；2, gear wheel；21, bit leg；3, wing；31, wing cutting wheel Profile；32, the body profiles line of wing；321, the bossing of wing body profiles line；322, protruding boundary point；323, protruding top Point；33, the wing cloth flank of tooth；41, first group of cutting tooth；42a, built-in table are inserted；42b, interior inserted；5, dead slot；61, hydrophthalmia or spray Mouth；8, tooth.

Detailed description of the invention

Following non-limiting examples is used for this utility model is described.

Embodiment one

As shown in Fig. 1,11,12,13,14, a kind of long-life drill bit with asynchronous cutting principle, including drill body 1, The wing 3 of drill body 1 consolidation, the gear wheel 2 that relative drill body 1 is rotationally connected relatively, and be arranged on drill body 1 Hydrophthalmia or nozzle 61, drill body 1 has bit leg 21, gear wheel 2 are arranged on bit leg 21, is formed with bit leg 21 and is rotationally connected, tooth It is installed on tooth 8 on wheel 2, wing 3 is provided with several first group cutting tooth 41, the wing 3 cloth flank of tooth 33 arranges recess and uses To fix first group of cutting tooth 41, the runner between wing is provided with hydrophthalmia or nozzle 61, at least basis of a wing 3 Body contour line 32 (preposition wing body profiles line and rearmounted wing body profiles line can be comprised) and at least another one wing 3 Body profiles line 32 there is in the range of collectively covering at least one misaligned region, and at least one coincidence point or coincidence Region.Described first group of cutting tooth 41 can be composite polycrystal-diamond, polycrystal diamond composite teeth, thermally-stabilised glomerocryst Buddha's warrior attendant Stone cutting tooth, natural diamond cutting tooth, impregnated Adamas cutting tooth, carbide cutting tooth, cubic boron nitride cutting tooth, pottery Porcelain cuts tooth or the cutting tooth comprising diamond or cubic boron nitride.

The body profiles line of wing 3 can be only an entirety or major part evagination unimodal curve, as shown in Figure 4, Can also be the polymodal curve with multiple local crowning as shown in Figure 5, wherein, by Fig. 2, as a example by 4, be labeled as the level of R Direction is drill bit radial direction, and the vertical direction being labeled as Z is that drill bit is axial, drill bit coverage diagram, wing body profiles line in this patent In the schematic diagram that figure etc. represent in drill bit axial plane, the drill bit of indication radially, axially all should so understand, repeats no more.With drill bit Drilling direction be axis of ordinates, be radially axis of abscissas.Overall or most of evagination refers on single wing body profiles line Whole section or major part (ratio of concave portion width and drill bit radius is more than 1/2) be a curve in spirogyrate, this curve It is formed by connecting with one or more straightways by one or more convex outer curve sections.The body profiles curve one of existing PDC drill bit As be to be made up of (such as the dotted line in Fig. 4 an arc section and another different arc section or the straightway being smoothly connected therewith Shown in), the top area of its evagination is referred to as " crown " region or the nasal region of drill bit.The basis that existing PDC drill bit is commonly used Body contour curve mainly includes following several types (disregarding and the little chamfering of joint, bit gauge footpath): bicone: straight line is (interior Cone)+circular arc (nose)+straight line (outer shoulder)；Single circular arc type: straight line (inner cone)+circular arc (nose and outer shoulder)；Bicircular arcs type: Straight line (inner cone)+circular arc (nose)+circular arc (outer shoulder).These a few class contour curves broadly fall into entirety or the feelings of major part evagination Condition, more specifically, is the unimodal curve of overall evagination.As shown in Fig. 4 (a), Fig. 4 (b), the wherein cutter shown in Fig. 4 (a) Wing body profiles line is the curve of overall evagination, and the wing body profiles line shown in Fig. 4 (b) is the curve of major part evagination, The curve of label 32c is the body profiles line of conventional wing in prior art, marks in phantom at this, in order to highlight this reality By the entirety described in novel or the feature of major part evagination wing body profiles line.Several situations shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are to bore The reference example that each wing body profiles line is overall or the radial position on the summit of most of concave portion differs.

Local crowning in this utility model, refers to be arranged on regional area (lobe on single wing body profiles line The ratio of partial width and drill bit radius is less than or equal to 1/2) bossing 321, each bossing is referred to as a local crowning. The curve constituting local crowning can be smooth curve, it is also possible to be non-smooth curve.As shown in Fig. 9 (a), (b), (c) Several situations, during wherein the curve of label 32c is prior art, the body profiles line of conventional wing, marks in phantom, with Just the feature of the wing body profiles line with multiple local crowning described in this utility model is highlighted.As example, wing 3 Body can be only an entirety or the unimodal curve of major part evagination, as shown in Fig. 3,4,5, and convex apexes 323 phase Stagger mutually, such as Fig. 3, shown in 5.When wing body is made up of multiple local crownings, the shape of local crowning can be continuous print Class parabola such as Fig. 9 (a), it is also possible to be multistage curve and the convex hull shape curve of circular arc composition, such as Fig. 9 (b), it is also possible to be square Shape, such as Fig. 9 (c), the cross sectional shape of this outer lug can also is that trapezoidal, oval, the broken line shape such as rhombus, square convex Rise, and the curve form of other shapes, the most typical portion-form is only listed at this.

As example, when wing 3 is the polymodal curve with multiple local crowning 321, the curve of local crowning is permissible It is smooth curve, it is also possible to be non-smooth curve.In coverage diagram, each wing 3 the most mutually staggers at drill bit, such as Figure 12 institute Show.Figure 14 is the shaft bottom coverage diagram of Fig. 1, and Figure 13 is the coverage diagram of each wing 3, it can easily be seen that the body of each wing 3 from figure Contour line 32 is separate, and the cutting wheel profile 11 of the cutting wheel profile 32 of each wing 3 and drill bit is only at subregion or point Overlapping, each wing 3 is respectively provided with asynchronous cutting function.And (multiple step is tied to define overlapped coverage in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom Structure), particularly at local crowning 321, the cutting tooth being exposed to outside wing body 3 is the most overlapping.Contact with stratum when taking the lead in cuts After cutting odontotripsis, the cutting tooth being exposed in outer secondary cutting structure will quickly participate in cutting, and drill bit creeps into overall process and is all High specific pressure, the beneficially raising of drill bit rate of penetration.In this programme, allow also to the lobe on each wing body profiles line curve The radial position at drill bit is divided to overlap.

Gear wheel 2 is rotatably connected on bit leg 21, and when creeping into, the tooth 8 on gear wheel 2 is in the way of impact crushing, in shaft bottom shape Become the most discrete broken hole, formed to stratum with broken.And the Adamas cutting tooth being arranged on wing 3 is with less Energy is removed by the rock of tooth precrushing.Meanwhile, there is the wing of asynchronous cutting power, it is possible to keep the omnidistance high ratio crept into Pressure, it is ensured that at composite drill bit while extending the service life of drill bit, improves efficiency of breaking rock.

As the further improvement of the embodiment above, same wing 3 is provided simultaneously with a wing body profiles line and extremely A few rearmounted wing contour line, and be fixed with altogether at least two ranked first along wing body profiles line and wing additional wheel profile Group cutting tooth 41.

Embodiment two

As shown in figure 15, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one, and difference is: the cutting tooth 8 on gear wheel 2 is Wide inserted, as shown in figure 16.In the present embodiment, gear wheel 2 crushes in the way of approximation static pressure, cleaves working method and break rock, on it Gear ring on bottom rock, roll out the subcontinuous broken hole of a circle circle, so that tangent plane is scraped in the shaft bottom of fixing cutting tooth Change rough and uneven in surface become, so fixing cut tooth can wedging rock naturally, scrape and cut through rock.Two set cutting structure phase interworkings Under conjunction, it is possible to significantly improve drill bit efficiency of breaking rock in hard formation.

Embodiment three

As shown in figure 17, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one, and difference is, gear wheel 2 is disc cutter, i.e. Tooth 8 on gear wheel is in continuous dise knife shape, and compared to embodiment two, it is to break rock in the way of complete static pressure, is formed in shaft bottom Continuous print breaking tank.Drill bit extensional vibration in rock break-off process can be substantially reduced, reduce gluing under specific condition simultaneously Sliding phenomenon.

Embodiment four

Such as Figure 22, shown in 23, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one to three, and difference is, at least two The body profiles line 32 of wing is the curve with local crowning 321, and the misaligned area distribution of each curve is in drill bit Radially 2/3rds region.Curve is the polymodal curve with multiple bossing 321, along wing body profiles line 32 cloth Tooth, forms multiple step structure in region, heart portion.From the point of view of composite drill bit, under the conditions of complex drilling, region, heart portion is relative Weakness, easily causes the initial failure of cutting tooth, in turn results in the inefficacy of drill bit.This utility model can be good at adding heart tonifying portion The cutting energy ability in region and service life, and then extend the service life of drill bit.

Embodiment five

As shown in figs. 18-21, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one to four, and difference is, wing 3 is arranged There is second group of cutting tooth.In this utility model, first group of cutting tooth 41 that bossing 321 is arranged, is first to connect with stratum The cutting tooth touched, the cutting tooth worn and torn the most at first.Interior inserted 42a is arranged, it is possible to increase cutting tooth further at bossing 321 Can wear volume, and then extend bit life, as shown in Figure 20 (b).Additionally, can also arrange another form of on wing Second group of cutting tooth (the inserted 42b of built-in table), the inserted 42b of built-in table is arranged in dead slot 5, as shown in Figure 20 (a).Wherein, empty Groove 5 can be the groove as run through wing front and back sides in Figure 20 (a), it is also possible to be such as wing leading flank recessed in Figure 20 (b) Groove.As further preferably, the bossing 321 (local crowning) of wing 3 and near zone thereof are provided with dead slot 5 and interior Put the inserted 42a of table, as second group of drill bit cutting tooth, such as Figure 17, shown in 18.

Embodiment six

As shown in figure 24, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one, and its difference is: the body profiles of described wing 3 Line 32 is the polymodal curve with multiple bossing 321 (local crowning), and the local crowning of different wings is at same drill bit shaft Mutually stagger in face, and correspond to wing cutting wheel profile and the bit cutting contour line phase of wing body profiles line local crowning Cut.The body profiles line 32 of any of the above-described wing is different from, at least two local on the body profiles line 32 of described wing 3 Projection, the height of local crowning is more than or equal to 2mm.

The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, not in order to limit this utility model, all at this Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within the spirit of utility model and principle, should be included in this utility model Protection domain within.

Claims (10)

1. it is applicable to a composite drill bit for bad ground, including drill body, the wing of relative drill body consolidation, relatively bores The head gear wheel that is rotationally connected of body, and the hydrophthalmia that is arranged on drill body or nozzle, wing is provided with several first Group cutting tooth, the wing cloth flank of tooth arranges recess and cuts tooth in order to fix first group, and gear wheel is rotated even with drill body by bit leg Connect, gear wheel be provided with tooth, it is characterised in that: at least body profiles line of a wing and at least another one wing Body profiles line has at least one misaligned region in the range of collectively covering, and at least one coincidence point or coincidence district Territory.

It is applicable to the composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: at least basis of two wings Body contour line is entirety or the curve of major part evagination, and described each extra curvature convex domain summit is along the radial direction position of drill bit radial direction Put difference.

It is applicable to the composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: at least basis of two wings Body contour line is between the curve with at least one local crowning, and described curve and is respectively arranged with at least one local crowning along boring Head radially or the most mutually staggers along bit cutting contour line.

It is applicable to the composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the most wrong between described curve The local crowning opened is distributed in the radial zone beyond drill bit three/Radius.

It is applicable to the composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the most wrong between described curve The local crowning opened is distributed in the radial zone within drill bit radially 2/3rds radiuses.

Be applicable to the composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: be provided with on described wing to Few proud exposure second group of cutting tooth less than or equal to zero, or at least one dead slot is or/and be fixed in dead slot Second group of cutting tooth.

7. the composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground as described in any claim in claim 2 to 6, it is characterised in that: It is disposed with at least one exposure in overall or most of evagination or wing region corresponding to local crowning on wing body profiles line Highly less than or equal to second group of zero cutting tooth, or at least one dead slot is or/and second group of cutting being fixed in dead slot Tooth.

It is applicable to the composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: wide edge is installed on gear wheel Tooth, the span of tooth top deflection angle is 70 °～90 °.

It is applicable to the composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: gear wheel is disc cutter, dish Cutting tooth on formula gear wheel is continuous dise knife shape.

It is applicable to the composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the body profiles line of wing Local crowning be shaped as similar parabola shaped, trapezoidal, circular, ellipse, square, rhombus, rectangle or the group of each shape Close.