CN106320989A - Diamond drill bit - Google Patents
Diamond drill bit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106320989A CN106320989A CN201610955392.6A CN201610955392A CN106320989A CN 106320989 A CN106320989 A CN 106320989A CN 201610955392 A CN201610955392 A CN 201610955392A CN 106320989 A CN106320989 A CN 106320989A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- drill bit
- cutting
- tooth
- bit
- diamond
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/08—Roller bits
- E21B10/16—Roller bits characterised by tooth form or arrangement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/50—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of roller type
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
- E21B10/55—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits with preformed cutting elements
Abstract
The invention discloses a diamond drill bit and belongs to the technical equipment field of petroleum and natural gas drilling engineering, mine engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geologic drilling, tunnel engineering, hydrology, non-excavation and the like. The diamond drill bit comprises a drill bit body and a plurality of blades extending from the drill bit body, wherein cutting elements are arranged on the blades, at least one annular blank belt surrounding the center of the drill bit body is arranged on the drill bit body, and the blades in the position of the annular blank belt are inwards concaved to form circumferentially through grooves. The cutting energy consumption of the drill bit can be reduced, the rock breaking efficiency can be improved, meanwhile, transverse vibration of the drill bit can be inhibited, impact failure of cutting teeth of the drill bit is effectively reduced, the anti-drift capability of the drill bit in directional drilling is enhanced, large-size rock chips can be produced, the geological logging quality is improved, and the underground stratum information analysis and judgement accuracy under the condition of real drilling is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil-gas drilling engineering, mine engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geological drilling, tunnel
The technical equipment fields such as engineering, the hydrology and no-dig technique, are specifically related to a kind of diamond bit.
Background technology
Diamond bit is wherein in order to fractured rock, the rock crushing tool of formation pit shaft in drilling engineering, cuts according to it
The difference of element, mainly includes PDC drill bit and diamond-impregnated bit.
PDC drill bit relies on high rigidity, wear-resisting, from sharp composite polycrystal-diamond (being called for short PDC tooth or cutting tooth) conduct
Cutting element is sheared and fractured rock.PDC drill bit rate of penetration in soft-medium hard formation is high, the life-span is long, and drilling cost is low,
Therefore it is used widely in the creeping into of Oil/gas Well.
Although PDC tooth hardness is high, but impact resistance and the restriction of heat wear resistance ability, PDC drill bit is at hard formation, Gao Yan
When mill property stratum, serious heterogeneity stratum (soft or hard interlock interlayer, containing boulder bed etc.) are crept into, it is easy to cause the quick of composite sheet
Wear out failure, and damage is collapsed in the impact that one of most typical failure mode is exactly composite sheet diamond layer, the damage that collapses of composite sheet makes brill
Stock-removing efficiency and the working life of head are all substantially reduced.It is the impulsive force from bottom rock that composite sheet collapses the main cause of damage,
In addition to the impact that rock heterogeneity brings, in the more common scenario, the cutting impulsive force born of tooth from the vibration of drill bit,
Particularly oscillation crosswise.Generally, position drill bit being easiest to occur composite sheet to collapse damage is that on drill bit, cutting speed is higher
Radial zone beyond crown and crown.Can be at wing body after cutting the excessive wear of tooth on drill bit in local radial region
Upper generation annular groove, annular groove once occurs, the cutting power of drill bit is the most basic to be lost.
In addition to PDC drill bit, diamond-impregnated bit is also a kind of important drill bit kind, and this drill bit is contained in pregnant
The basic cutting edge that a large amount of diamond molecules (i.e. diamond micro-cutting sword) in matrix-type wing body or cutting tooth are formed
Constituting cutting element, the broken rock principle of drill bit is similar with the Principle of Grinding and Cutting of emery wheel, is i.e. exposed to the diamond particle of bit face
In the way of grinding or micro-cutting, cut bottom rock, and along with diamond particle gradually " blunt ", come off and it
The continuous abrasion of timbering material, new diamond abrasive grain constantly goes out sword and works on.This " grinding " of diamond-impregnated bit is former
Reason, the application predominantly high rigidity, the strong abrasiveness etc. that determine it are not suitable for boring the most extremely difficult brill ground with the difficult of PDC drill bit
Layer, and typically can be only achieved relatively good rock breaking efficiency at high speed.It is contained in matrix-type wing body by pregnant for diamond particle
Formed in cutting element be referred to as the impregnated body of wing or impregnated piece of wing (be called for short impregnated body or impregnated piece), pregnant be contained in cutting tooth
Formed in cutting element then be referred to as impregnated cutting tooth (abbreviation impregnated tooth).Impregnated body self constitutes diamond-impregnated bit
A part for wing body, belongs to the cutting structure that impregnated bit is basic, and impregnated tooth is the most usually fixedly arranged on the impregnated body of wing
Attached cutting structure.The mode that impregnated tooth is fixedly arranged on the impregnated body of wing typically has vertical, horizontal and vertical sleeping combination type three kinds,
Sintering and soldering is generally used to realize consolidation.The impregnated body of wing sets up impregnated tooth, has both contributed to improving impregnated bit and bored
Meet adaptability during soft formation, more can dramatically increase the working life of diamond-impregnated bit cutting structure.Impregnated body, impregnated tooth
And impregnated body and the various combinations of impregnated tooth, all can form the impregnated cutting element of drill bit, all of impregnated cutting on drill bit
Element constitutes the impregnated cutting structure of drill bit.Under difficulty bores the most extremely difficult brill formation condition, other various types of drill bit is all deposited
In the problem that tooth life is short, and the wearability of impregnated bit cutting element is extremely strong, can reach relatively long working life.By
The highest in the working speed of impregnated bit, so, keep drill bit kinetic stability in the course of the work, reduce brill as far as possible
The vibration (particularly oscillation crosswise) of head, particularly significant for ensureing the working life of drill bit.
Crown profile shape is the very important architectural feature of diamond bit, and the crown profile line of drill bit is also referred to as cutting wheel
Profile, macroscopic view can reflect cutting element distributing position feature on drill bit, also can directly reflect the shaft bottom that bit cutting goes out
Basic configuration feature.The crown profile line of diamond bit is typically smooth curve, parabolically a shape, including inner cone,
Crown (nose), outer cone, shoulder and gauge five part.When the trend that external load makes drill bit have occurred level to translate, drill bit
Drill bit is applied to move horizontally active force in opposite direction with it, to suppress drill bit by the inner cone of central area or the crag of outer cone
Transverse shifting, be of value to raising stability of bit.
In guide digging, usually there will be drilling trace and the phenomenon of " drift " occurs, its essence is owing to drill bit is horizontal
Direction of displacement and inconsistent the caused mechanics effect in cross force direction suffered by drill bit.PDC drill bit has been typically easy to the left
The trend of drift, reason is that the stress cutting tooth on drill bit is the most not when drill bit works under deviateing well center condition
Equilibrium, the rock of shaft bottom and the borehole wall is pressed close in the cutting dental transition beyond offset direction side, drill bit crown, therefore its cutting force
Bigger；And deviating from offset direction side, the cutting tooth beyond crown and the distance of shaft bottom and rock of borehole become remote, therefore it is cut
The power of cutting will be substantially reduced and even disengage.For the cutting tooth within drill bit crown, its contact condition rule and crown
Cutting tooth in addition is just contrary, and what cutting force increased is to cut tooth at the inner cone deviating from offset direction side, and in deviation side
To side, the cutting force of inner cone upper teeth is to reduce, in some instances it may even be possible to disengaging contacts with rock.Figure 28,29 it is this of drill bit
Plant the schematic diagram of Teeth-cutting power rule, F in figure1、F2、F3、F4、F5The cause drift power produced for drill bit, all left drift power synthesize
Ffg1, all right drift power synthesis Ffg2, FnFor guiding force.From the figure, it can be seen that the horizontal resultant direction of drill bit outer cone cutting tooth
Contrary with the horizontal resultant direction of inner cone cutting tooth, and outer cone cross force is more than inner cone cross force.The difference of the two power is just
Create the drill bit drift force making drilling trace that drift to occur.Obviously, drift trend to be reduced is it is necessary to reduce drift force, the most just
It is intended to reduce the difference of two rightabout cross forces.
Being determined by its broken rock principle, all kinds of diamond bits have a common weakness, i.e. broken in drilling process
The landwaste size formed after bottom rock is the most tiny, and wherein the landwaste of diamond-impregnated bit is the most superfine, substantially in powder.
This weakness limits the application of diamond bit to a certain extent.Because subterranean strata is complicated and changeable, in drilling process often
Often needing to be analyzed by the landwaste returned on down-hole, judge the lithological information on stratum, the most tiny landwaste will make this analysis
It is severely impacted with the accuracy judged.
Assume to have on drill bit one by drill axis and drill bit certain point section plane (referred to as the axle of this point
Line plane or axial plane).When drill bit rotates around own axes under conditions of rate of penetration is zero, the contour line of cutting element with
Section plane or axial plane are crossed to form intersection, and this intersection is the axial plane contour line of cutting element, by the axial plane of all cutting elements
Contour line pools together the shaft bottom coverage diagram forming drill bit, in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom, can do one and all cutting units
The tangent envelope curve of axial plane contour line, be referred to as bit cutting contour line, bit cutting contour line reflects drill bit and gets out
The basic configuration feature in shaft bottom.Drill body contour line is the position curve reflecting drill body in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom, and it is
One key character curve of diamond bit.The drill bit cloth flank of tooth refers to drill axis as center of rotation, drill body profile
Line is the curved surface intersected with drill body after radius of turn rotates a circle.
In PDC drill bit, the contour line of PDC cutting tooth is crossed to form intersection with section plane or axial plane, and this intersection is PDC
The axial plane contour line of cutting tooth, pools together the shaft bottom covering forming PDC drill bit by the axial plane contour line of all PDC cutting tooth
Figure, does an envelope curve tangent with the axial plane contour line of all PDC cutting tooth, for the cutting wheel profile of PDC drill bit.
In diamond-impregnated bit, if cutting element is all the impregnated body of wing (Exocarpium Citrulli formula impregnated bit), by cutter
The wing impregnated body contour line is crossed to form intersection with section plane or axial plane, and this intersection is the axial plane contour line of impregnated cutting unit,
Impregnated for all wings body axial plane contour line is pooled together the shaft bottom coverage diagram forming drill bit, in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom, permissible
Do the axial plane contour line envelope curve of a body impregnated with all wings, be referred to as impregnated bit cutting wheel profile, the most impregnated
The cutting wheel profile of drill bit is basically identical with drill body contour line, for same curves；If cutting unit includes that wing is impregnated
Body, impregnated piece (impregnated tooth), impregnated tooth is the most usually fixedly arranged at the attached cutting structure on the impregnated body of wing, and impregnated tooth is fixedly arranged at
Mode on the impregnated body of wing typically has vertical, horizontal and vertical sleeping combination type three kinds, generally uses sintering and soldering to realize consolidation,
With section plane or axial plane, the contour line of impregnated for wing body, impregnated tooth is crossed to form intersection, and this intersection is impregnated cutting unit
Axial plane contour line, the axial plane contour line of impregnated for all wings body, impregnated tooth is pooled together formed drill bit shaft bottom cover
Figure, in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom, can do an envelope curve tangent with the axial plane contour line of all impregnated tooths, be referred to as impregnated
Bit cutting contour line, does the envelope curve of an impregnated body of all wings, is referred to as the body profiles line of impregnated bit.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: a kind of diamond bit is provided, to reduce the cutting energy consumption of drill bit, promote drill bit and break rock
Efficiency, simultaneously suppression drill bit oscillation crosswise, effectively reduce the impact failure of Cutter, promotes drill bit in directed drilling
Anti-drift ability, and produce the landwaste of large-size, improve geological logging quality, improve under the conditions of boring in fact down-hole formation information
The accuracy analyzed and judge.
The object of the invention is realized by following technical proposals:
The diamond bit of prior art, generally includes drill body, and extends from several wings of drill body,
Being provided with cutting element on wing, the difference of the diamond bit of this patent is, drill bit has at least one around brill
The annular blank tape at head center, and each wing in annular blank tape position concaves, and forms the through groove of circumference and (below will
The wing groove of this annular blank tape position is referred to as " groove ").Annular blank tape on the drill bit of this patent is in shaft bottom work
Work will be formed the protruding annular phacolith of correspondence, mutual of the phacolith that the annular blank tape on drill bit is protruding with shaft bottom in shaft bottom
Join, and basic as the definition of annular blank tape size using the size of shaft bottom phacolith: the width of protruding phacolith is for annular blank tape
Width W, the average distance of protruding phacolith peak to phacolith root is the height H of annular blank tape, as shown in Figure 4, due to
Being positioned at the existence of cutting element near annular blank tape on wing, the groove of drill body wing is slightly wider than annular blank tape.
In this patent, drill bit is when shaft bottom works, and the grooved area at blank tape forms annular phacolith, and phacolith both sides are originally
The constraint of the rock being subject to is released, and therefore the intensity of phacolith self is remarkably decreased, and is equivalent to " body of wall " isolated, either
Using crushing, scrape and cut (shearing) or impact grinding mode, its required comminution energy conssumption all will be greatly lowered, and it crushes
Mode tends to the broken of volumetric.The energy saved can be used for strengthening the rock breaking efficiency of other cutting tooth on drill bit, from
And improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.On the other hand, the groove on drill body wing can suppress the transverse shifting of drill bit, thus subtracts
The oscillation crosswise of little drill bit, improves the stability of drill bit.(the particularly cutting on port and sidewall additionally, drill bit wing groove
Tooth) effect reducing drill bit drift force can be played, drill bit drift trend in steerable drilling can preferably be suppressed.
As selection, the cutting element that wing is arranged is impregnated cutting element.The diamond bit of this patent application, its
The cutting element arranged on wing can be PDC cutting element, it is also possible to for impregnated cutting element, the most impregnated cutting element,
Such drill bit can creep in stratum in high abrasive, high rigidity, widens drill bit range.
As selection, annular blank tape region is provided with the second cutting element.On the wing of prior art, cutting is set
Outside element, this patent can also arrange cutting element further in annular blank tape region, and will be arranged on the blank zone of annular
The cutting element in territory is referred to as the second cutting element.Or the cutting element that can also prior art be arranged on wing is referred to as
For " primary cutting element ", as described in the background art, it can be independently to cut the part that tooth can also be drill body wing,
And cutting element correspondence referred to as " secondary cutting element " or " second cutting element " in annular blank tape region will be arranged on.Due to
Annular blank tape has run through the region between wing and wing, thus the second cutting element can be arranged on the groove on wing
Region, it is also possible to the chip area region being arranged between wing, as arranged little wing etc. protruding on independent bit leg structure, body
Deng.In the program, the existence of annular blank tape will form the phacolith of annular protrusion, annular blank tape region is provided with second and cuts
Cut element, it is possible to be obviously improved the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.
As selecting further, the second cutting element is arranged on sidewall and/or the top of wing groove.In the program,
The bit wing wing body indent of annular blank tape position, forms the groove that circumference is through, and wing groove is by recess sidewall and groove top
Portion forms, as shown in Figure 4.Second cutting element be arranged on the sidewall of wing groove and/or top (groove top i.e. to groove this
Bottom land for body), protruding phacolith is crushed, the cutting element being arranged in bit grooves region is entered simultaneously on wing
Row is strengthened, it is to avoid regional area lost efficacy and caused the whole drill bit can not effective rock drilling.
Selecting further as another, the second cutting element is fixing cutting tooth, and/or can occur relative with drill body
The motion cutting element of motion, motion cutting element has one or more cutting tooth.In the program, if the second cutting element
For fixing cutting tooth, such drill bit does not has moving element, reduces and falls the generation of tooth accident, is conducive to reducing drilling period；If second
Cutting element not only comprises fixed cutter but also comprise motion cutting element, and drill bit is fractured rock in the way of sound is compound, carries
High drill bit efficiency of breaking rock.
As selecting further, motion cutting element is the cutting element that relative slip can occur with drill body.The party
In case, the second cutting element be provided above or connect have pressure or impulsive force generating means, produced impulsive force (as by
The impulsive force that the inertia of block stamp produces) act on the second cutting element so that and the second cutting element can be with drill body generation phase
To slip, impulsive force is delivered on the phacolith of blank tape by the second cutting element, make phacolith under conditions of not sharing the pressure of the drill
With efficiency crushing (low energy consumption volumetric fracture).
Selecting further as another, motion cutting element is the gear wheel that can relatively rotate with drill body, gear wheel
On be provided with by several cutting gear rings of constituting of tooth.In the program, preferably at least one gear wheel upper part or all gear ring position
Putting one_to_one corresponding each annular blank tape, gear wheel cutting tooth crushes raised annular phacolith in the way of alternating action, is of value to cutting
The cooling of tooth, improves the life-span of cutting tooth, replaces sliding to roll simultaneously, reduces torque-on-bit, improves drill bit and creep into stability,
Particularly in directional well, the fall torsion effect of drill bit becomes apparent from.
Selecting further as another, the fixing cutting tooth of the second cutting element is round tooth, oval tooth, conical tooth, wedge
Shape tooth, hemi-spherical ended shape insert etc. or the combination of multiple profile of tooth.In the program, mutual from different stratum of difform cutting tooth
Join, thus widen the drill bit scope of application.
Selecting further as another, the fixing cutting tooth of the second cutting element is PDC composite sheet, thermally-stabilised glomerocryst Buddha's warrior attendant
Stone cutting tooth, natural diamond cutting tooth, impregnated Adamas cutting tooth, carbide cutting tooth, cubic boron nitride cutting tooth, pottery
Porcelain cuts tooth, the cutting tooth comprising diamond or cubic boron nitride.
As selection, described drill bit is provided with two or more annular blank tape.In the program, drill body
Being provided with two or more annular blank tape on drill bit, the fragmentation volume of such drill bit primary cutting element reduces, than pressure
Increasing, crushing efficiency improves.
As selection, drill bit is provided with one or several gear wheels, the tooth overlay area bag of 1 gear wheel of at least a part of which
Containing shaft bottom annular blank tape, and the tooth overlay area of at least 1 gear wheel comprises the region beyond the annular blank tape of part shaft bottom.
In the program, in wing-gear wheel composite drill bit, the tooth overlay area of 1 gear wheel comprises the annular blank tape in shaft bottom, and at least 1
The tooth overlay area of individual gear wheel comprises the region beyond the annular blank tape of part shaft bottom, makes full use of cloth tooth space on drill bit,
Bit life is extended while improving the stock-removing efficiency of composite drill bit.
As selection, drill bit being provided with at least one gear wheel, the cutting tooth on this gear wheel is all arranged in annular blank tape
Well bottom zone in addition.In the program, the fixing wing of wing-gear wheel composite drill bit arranges annular blank tape, and blank tape
Not in gear wheel overlay area, so improve the composite drill bit drilling efficiency in fixing wing region and composite drill bit can be improved
Stability.
As selection, the annular blank tape on drill bit is positioned at drill bit four/Radius radially with exterior domain.Annular is blank
The radial position in drill bit radially overlay area of the center line of band is L, and the radius of drill bit is R, as shown in Figure 4.In the program, i.e. L
>=1/4R, for different lithostratigraphy situations and drilling mode, is arranged at annular blank tape beyond drill bit four/Radius
Radial zone, the range of drill bit can be expanded.Especially, annular blank tape can be arranged on and is easier to cause drill bit to cut
Cut the radial zone beyond the crown of odontotripsis and/or crown, to increase the rock volume of low energy consumption volumetric fracture in this region,
Promote bit operation effect to a greater degree.
As selection, the annular blank tape width W span on drill bit is R/3 >=W >=3mm, and R is drill bit radius.Should
In scheme, the width W scope limiting annular blank tape can improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit, if the width mistake of annular blank tape
Little, owing to the Brittleness of rock may not form annular phacolith, if the width of annular blank tape is excessive, drill bit efficiency of breaking rock
Reduce.
As selection, the depth-width ratio of the phacolith that the annular blank tape on drill bit is formed in shaft bottom is not less than 0.5.The program
In, i.e. H/W >=0.5, for different rock properties, limit annular blank tape phacolith depth-width ratio, thus improve drill bit efficiency of breaking rock.
As selection, recess sidewall at least 1 side wheel profile is not parallel with drill axis.In the program, recess sidewall
Contour line is not parallel with drill axis, is of value to and arranges more secondary cutting element in recess sidewall, it is ensured that the cutting of groove
Life-span, thus extend the bulk life time of drill bit.
Aforementioned main formula case of the present invention and each further selection scheme thereof can be this with independent assortment to form multiple schemes
Invention can use and claimed scheme；And the present invention, (each non conflicting selection) select between and and other select between
Can also independent assortment.Those skilled in the art can understand have according to prior art and common knowledge after understanding the present invention program
Multiple combination, is the claimed technical scheme of the present invention, does not do at this exhaustive.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, drill bit is when shaft bottom works, and the grooved area at blank tape forms annular phacolith, and phacolith both sides are subject to originally
The constraint of rock is released, and therefore the intensity of phacolith self is remarkably decreased, and its required comminution energy conssumption all will be greatly lowered,
The energy saved can be used for strengthening the rock breaking efficiency of other cutting tooth on drill bit, thus is conducive to improving drill bit efficiency of breaking rock.
2, the volumetric fracture of the low effect of rock can be realized at drill bit annular white space, form bigger rock debris, phase
Less, thinner landwaste is formed for conventional PCD drill, more can be conducive to obtaining formation lithology information by cuttings analysis,
Judge geologic horizon.
3, when outer load makes drill bit have the trend that transverse movement occurs, phacolith protruding on shaft bottom drill bit can be applied with
Constraint that its transverse movement trend is in opposite direction or active force, to suppress the transverse shifting of drill bit, thus reduce the horizontal of drill bit
Vibration, improves the stability of drill bit, and the impact and the eccentric wear that effectively reduce Cutter lost efficacy.
4, drill bit forms multiple annular phacolith in drilling well, more with the lateral contact surface in shaft bottom so that the anti-drift of drill bit
Move and control parameter increase, be conducive to strengthening drill bit anti-drift ability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the bit operation schematic diagram of patent of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the drill bit structure schematic diagram of patent of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 top view；
Fig. 4 is the operating diagram of the drill bit being provided with secondary cutting element on groove；
Fig. 5 groove location is at interior tapering schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 groove location is at external taper schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is to have 2 grooves and have the drill bit schematic diagram of the extruding micro-structure of coring of tooth；
Fig. 8 is to have 2 grooves and have the drill bit schematic diagram of the micro-structure of coring of center cone tooth；
Fig. 9 has the groove that 2 sizes are different and the drill bit schematic diagram that primary cutting element is impregnated wing；
Figure 10 is the top view of Fig. 9 drill bit；
Figure 11 be primary cutting element be the impregnated bit schematic diagram of impregnated body；
Figure 12 be primary cutting element be impregnated body, impregnated perpendicular tooth impregnated bit schematic diagram；
Figure 13 be primary cutting element be impregnated body, impregnated perpendicular tooth, the impregnated bit schematic diagram of impregnated sleeping tooth；
Figure 14 is the impregnated bit schematic diagram with the secondary cutting element of impact；
Figure 15 is for having the secondary cutting element drill bit schematic diagram of impact；
Figure 16 is to have the secondary cutting element of impact and the secondary cutting element not drill bit schematic diagram on wing；
Figure 17 be kinematic pair cutting element be the composite drill bit schematic diagram of bit leg gear wheel cutting structure；
Figure 18 is that Figure 17 radially covers schematic diagram；
Figure 19 is that kinematic pair cutting element is bit leg gear wheel cutting structure and one of them gear wheel only covers broken groove area
Territory drill bit schematic diagram；
Figure 20 is that 19 radial directions cover schematic diagram；
Figure 21 is the drill bit schematic diagram that gear wheel arranges wing groove
Figure 22 is the drill bit coverage diagram that gear wheel arranges wing groove
Figure 23 is wing groove at composite drill bit near the composite drill bit schematic diagram of inner cone
Figure 24 is that groove 1 side wheel profile is not parallel with drill axis
Figure 25 is to be provided with interior inserted drill bit schematic diagram in wing
Figure 26 is to be provided with the drill bit schematic diagram that built-in table is inserted in wing
Figure 27 is to be provided with the single wing schematic diagram that built-in table is inserted in wing
With the borehole wall and the schematic diagram of bottom rock phase separation when Figure 28 is conventional PCD drill transverse movement
With the borehole wall and the schematic diagram of bottom rock phase separation when Figure 29 is drill bit transverse movement of the present invention
Wherein 1-drill body, 2-fix wing, the impregnated wing of 21-, the impregnated sleeping tooth of 22-, the impregnated perpendicular tooth of 23-, 24-Buddha's warrior attendant
Edge in stone granule, 3-primary cutting element, 31-fixed joint cutting element, 32-kinematic pair cutting element, 33-gear wheel cutting tooth, 41-
The built-in table of tooth, 42-is inserted, 5 drill body contour lines, 6-drill bit cloth tooth curved surface, 7-groove, 8-nozzle, and 9-rock, 10-are protruding
Phacolith, 11-bit leg, 12-gear wheel.
Detailed description of the invention
Following non-limiting examples is used for the present invention is described.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, a kind of diamond bit, including drill body 1, and extend from the some of drill body 1
Individual wing 2, is provided with cutting element 3 on wing 2, and drill bit has at least one annular blank tape around bit central
(being 5 annular blank tapes in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, be 1 annular blank tape in 3, preferably at least 2 annular blank tapes, in Fig. 7-10
It is 2 annular blank tapes), the wing 2 in annular blank tape position concaves, and forms the groove 7 that circumference is through, and groove 7 is by side
Wall and top are constituted.Multiple annular blank tapes on drill bit form multiple groove 7 on wing 2, preferably at least 2 grooves, and
Wherein 1 groove is positioned at bit central, as shown in Figure 7,8.As preferably, groove 7 sidewall at least 1 side wheel profile and drill bit shaft
Line is not parallel, as shown in figure 24.
With reference to shown in Fig. 4, the radial position in drill bit radially overlay area of the center line of annular blank tape is L, the half of drill bit
Footpath is R, and the height of annular blank tape is H, and annular blank tape width is W.As preferably, the annular blank tape on drill bit is positioned at brill
Four/Radius radially with exterior domain, i.e. L >=1/4R.Annular blank tape width W span on drill bit is R/3 >=W
≥3mm.Wide (W) ratio of the height (H) of the annular blank tape phacolith on drill bit not less than 0.5, i.e. H/W >=0.5.
The cutting element arranged on wing can be PDC cutting element, as shown in figures 1-8, it is also possible to for impregnated cutting unit
Part, as shown in Fig. 9-14.On wing 2 arrange cutting element 3 can be as prior art generally, before being arranged in wing 2
The common PDC tooth of side, such as Fig. 1-3, it is also possible to further: wing 2 is provided with interior inserted by 41 (relative to wing body profiles
The line proud exposure cutting tooth less than or equal to zero, cuts the tooth (mainly side, other surface in addition to cutwork plane
And bottom end face) and wing body comprehensive engagement, and rely on this contact relation to realize the consolidation of cutting tooth), cut as standby
Tooth, as shown in figure 25, compared with conventional bit, axially can increase by wear volume, can dramatically increase the service life of drill bit；Or
Person, wing 2 sets built-in table is inserted by 42 (to be fixed on wing body in the dead slot arranged, and its land exposure is empty in its place
The cutting tooth of rooved face, dead slot is arranged in wing body, can be through slot, it is possible to the blind slot for non-penetrating), cut as standby
Cut tooth, such as Figure 26, shown in 27, axially standby tooth can be made when cutting stratum to obtain height while wear volume increasing drill bit
Than pressure, wedging ability strengthens；Can also commonly PDC tooth, interior inserted 41 and the various combinations of built-in table inserted 42.
Owing to annular blank tape has run through the region between wing 2 and wing 2, thus (the secondary cutting of the second cutting element
Element) may be located at groove 7 region on wing 2, as in Figure 2-4, it is also possible in the chip area between position wing 2, as
Figure 16, shown in 17.During groove 7 region that the second cutting element (secondary cutting element) is positioned on wing 2, as shown in Fig. 2-13, the
Two cutting elements (secondary cutting element) are preferably provided at sidewall and/or the top of wing groove 7.
Second cutting element can be fixing cutting tooth (referred to as fixed joint cutting element 31), and/or can with drill bit originally
There is the motion cutting element (referred to as kinematic pair cutting element 32) of relative motion in body 1, kinematic pair cutting element 32 has
One or more cutting teeth, such as Fig. 9, shown in 10.
Wherein the cutting tooth of fixed joint cutting element 31 can be round tooth, oval tooth, conical tooth, chisel teeth, hemi-spherical ended shape insert
Deng or the combination of multiple profile of tooth, as shown in Fig. 2,3,5,6,8,9,10.Fixed joint cutting element can be PDC composite sheet, heat
Stablize polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth, natural diamond cutting tooth, impregnated Adamas cutting tooth, carbide cutting tooth, cube nitrogen
Change boron cutting tooth, ceramic cutting tooth or the cutting tooth comprising diamond or cubic boron nitride, or the combination of aforementioned tooth.
Wherein kinematic pair cutting element 32 can be that the relative cutting element slided can occur with drill body 1, as Figure 14,
15, shown in 16, such as, this kinematic pair cutting element 32 be provided above or connect have pressure or impulsive force generating means, institute
The impulsive force (impulsive force as produced by the inertia of block stamp) produced acts on kinematic pair cutting element 32 so that kinematic pair cuts
Element 32 can occur relative slip with drill body 1.
Kinematic pair cutting element 32 can also set on gear wheel 12 for the gear wheel 12 that can relatively rotate with drill body 1
It is equipped with the gear ring being made up of several gear wheels cutting tooth 33, as shown in Figure 17-23.Preferably gear wheel 12 is arranged on independent bit leg 11
On, as shown in figures 17 to 20, or preferably gear wheel 12 is arranged on drill bit wing 21, such as Figure 21, shown in 22.Preferably at least one tooth
Take turns 12 upper parts or whole gear ring positions one_to_one corresponding each annular blank tape, in Figure 19-20, each gear ring on the gear wheel 12 of Double gear-ring
Corresponding with 2 annular blank tapes respectively, the gear wheel 12 of three gear rings then staggers with 2 annular blank tapes.As preferably, on drill bit
Being provided with one or several gear wheels 12, the tooth overlay area of 1 gear wheel 12 of at least a part of which comprises the annular blank tape in shaft bottom,
And the tooth overlay area of at least 1 gear wheel comprises the region beyond the annular blank tape of part shaft bottom, such as Figure 17, shown in 18.Or
Person, drill bit is provided with at least one gear wheel 12, and the gear wheel cutting tooth 33 on this gear wheel is all arranged in beyond annular blank tape
Well bottom zone, as shown in figure 23.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within god and principle, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. a diamond bit, including drill body, and extends from several wings of drill body, arranges on wing
There is cutting element, it is characterised in that: there is on drill bit at least one annular blank tape around bit central, and blank in annular
Each wing with position concaves, and forms the groove that circumference is through.
2. diamond bit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the second cutting unit it is provided with in annular blank tape region
Part.
3. diamond bit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the second cutting element is arranged on the sidewall of wing groove
And/or top.
4. diamond bit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the second cutting element is fixing cutting tooth, and/or energy
With the motion cutting element of drill body generation relative motion, motion cutting element has one or more cutting tooth.
5. diamond bit as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: motion cutting element is can be with drill body generation phase
To the cutting element slided.
6. diamond bit as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: motion cutting element is can be with drill body generation phase
To the gear wheel rotated, gear wheel is provided with the gear ring being made up of several cutting teeth.
7. diamond bit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is provided with one or several gear wheels on drill bit, its
In the tooth overlay area of at least 1 gear wheel comprise shaft bottom annular blank tape, and the tooth overlay area of at least 1 gear wheel comprises
Region beyond the annular blank tape of part shaft bottom.
8. diamond bit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is provided with at least one gear wheel on drill bit, this gear wheel
On cutting tooth be all arranged in annular blank tape beyond well bottom zone.
9. diamond bit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the annular blank tape on drill bit be positioned at drill bit four/
Radius is radially with exterior domain.
10. diamond bit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the annular blank tape width W span on drill bit
It is drill bit radius for R/3 >=W >=3mm, R.
11. diamond bits as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the annular blank tape on drill bit is formed in shaft bottom
The depth-width ratio of phacolith is not less than 0.5.
12. diamond bits as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cutting element arranged on wing is impregnated cutting
Element.
13. diamond bits as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the fixing cutting tooth of the second cutting element is circular
Tooth, oval tooth, conical tooth, chisel teeth, hemi-spherical ended shape insert etc. or the combination of multiple profile of tooth.
14. diamond bits as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the fixing cutting tooth of the second cutting element is that PDC is multiple
Close sheet, TSP cutting tooth, natural diamond cutting tooth, impregnated Adamas cutting tooth, carbide cutting tooth,
Cubic boron nitride cutting tooth, ceramic cutting tooth, comprise the cutting tooth of diamond or cubic boron nitride.
15. diamond bits as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: recess sidewall at least 1 side wheel profile and drill bit shaft
Line is not parallel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610955392.6A CN106320989B (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2016-11-03 | A kind of diamond bit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610955392.6A CN106320989B (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2016-11-03 | A kind of diamond bit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106320989A true CN106320989A (en) | 2017-01-11 |
| CN106320989B CN106320989B (en) | 2019-08-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610955392.6A Active CN106320989B (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2016-11-03 | A kind of diamond bit |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106761424A (en) * | 2017-01-21 | 2017-05-31 | 刘伟 | The diamond bit that a kind of cutting element is arranged in pairs |
| CN107060653A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-18 | 西南石油大学 | One kind mixing broken rock mechanism and a kind of long-life Mixed drilling bit |
| CN108049820A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-05-18 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of long-life PDC drill bit with translation wing |
| CN108505944A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-07 | 中国石油集团渤海石油装备制造有限公司 | A kind of PDC drill bit |
| CN109869095A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-11 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Actively anti-oblique drill bit |
| CN110374515A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-10-25 | 立府精密机械有限公司 | A kind of polycrystalline diamond compact bit and its processing method |
| CN111894471A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-11-06 | 西迪技术股份有限公司 | Drill bit with through extending channel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112004985A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2020-11-27 | 第六元素公司 | Drill bit with wear protection |
| CN115688326A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-02-03 | 西南石油大学 | Annular groove type PDC drill bit design method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR3118781B1 (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2023-01-13 | Association Pour La Rech Et Le Developpement Des Methodes Et Processus Industriels Armines | Deep drilling method and drilling set |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106761424B (en) * | 2017-01-21 | 2019-04-12 | 四川川石·克锐达金刚石钻头有限公司 | A kind of PDC drill bit that cutting element is arranged in pairs |
| CN106761424A (en) * | 2017-01-21 | 2017-05-31 | 刘伟 | The diamond bit that a kind of cutting element is arranged in pairs |
| CN107060653A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-18 | 西南石油大学 | One kind mixing broken rock mechanism and a kind of long-life Mixed drilling bit |
| CN107060653B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2023-11-21 | 西南石油大学 | Mixed rock breaking mechanism and long-service-life mixed drill bit |
| CN109869095A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-11 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Actively anti-oblique drill bit |
| CN112004985B (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2023-09-29 | 第六元素公司 | Drill bit with wear-resistant protection |
| CN112004985A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2020-11-27 | 第六元素公司 | Drill bit with wear protection |
| CN108049820A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-05-18 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of long-life PDC drill bit with translation wing |
| CN108505944A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-07 | 中国石油集团渤海石油装备制造有限公司 | A kind of PDC drill bit |
| CN111894471A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-11-06 | 西迪技术股份有限公司 | Drill bit with through extending channel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN110374515A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-10-25 | 立府精密机械有限公司 | A kind of polycrystalline diamond compact bit and its processing method |
| CN115688326B (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-03-10 | 西南石油大学 | Annular groove type PDC drill bit design method |
| CN115688326A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-02-03 | 西南石油大学 | Annular groove type PDC drill bit design method |
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Effective date of registration: 20201225 Address after: 610500 Room 202, Southwest Petroleum University science and Technology Park, 8 Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee after: CHENGDU WEIYI PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 610500, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Sichuan, Chengdu, 8 Patentee before: SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM University Patentee before: CHENGDU WEIYI PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |