CN106014266A - Disc cutter type multiple drill bit suitable for hard-to-drill stratum - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a disc cutter type multiple drill bit suitable for a hard-to-drill stratum. The disc cutter type multiple drill bit comprises a drill bit body, a plurality of cutter wings extending to the drill bit body, a disc cutter rotatably connected relatively to the drill bit body, and a water hole or a nozzle formed in the drill bit body; a plurality of first groups of cutting teeth are formed in the cutter wings, a slot is formed in the tooth surface of the cutter wing to fix the first group of cutting teeth, the disc cutter comprises a disc cutter body and disc cutter teeth arranged on the disc cutter body, the contour line of a body of at least one cutter wing and the contour line of a body of at least another cutter wing have at least one mismatched area in the common coverage area and at least one matched point or matched area. The structural feature enables the drill bit to work in an asynchronous cutting manner, so that the longitudinal abrasion length of the drill bit is increased, the service life of the drill bit is prolonged, in addition, the drill bit is kept in a high specific pressure drilling state in the whole drilling process, and the capability of the drill bit drilling in a rock is strengthened. Therefore, and the drilling speed and the service life of the drill bit in the hard-to-drill stratum are increased and prolonged.

Description

A kind of dise knife formula composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground

Technical field

The invention belongs to oil-gas drilling engineering, mine engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geological drilling, sandhog The technical equipment fields such as journey, the hydrology, shield and no-dig technique, particularly relate to a kind of Drilling bore bit.

Background technology

Drill bit is that conventional has PDC drill bit and rotary drill in order to fractured rock, the rock crushing tool of formation pit shaft in drilling engineering Head.PDC drill bit rely on high rigidity, wear-resisting, shearing-crushing rock can be carried out from sharp composite polycrystal-diamond, PDC drill bit by High in rate of penetration in soft-medium hard formation, the life-span is long, drilling cost is low, is used widely in drilling engineering.Existing The fixed cutter drill bits with PDC drill bit as representative having the most all has several wings, and wing radially sets along drill bit (to PDC drill bit, cutting element is mainly composite polycrystal-diamond, is called for short composite sheet or PDC to be equipped with multiple cutting element Tooth).But when bore meet hard formation time, the cutting tooth on the nose of PDC drill bit and shoulder is difficult to effective wedging stratum, thus significantly Reduce rate of penetration.

Southwest Petrol University submit to Chinese patent " a kind of combined drill breaking rock with cutting way " (patent No.: 201010229371.9) first PDC tooth has been arranged on as primary cutting element in and there is big deviation angle (deviation angle a is 20 °≤| a |≤90 °) runner (dise knife alleged by the runner of this big deviation angle i.e. the application, the deviation angle in the application and Axial rake is identical with above-mentioned patent) on, it is also provided with (including wing equipped with the fixing cutting unit of fixing cutting tooth simultaneously Structure).The shaft bottom of the motor pattern formation cross network that two set cutting units are different, the broken rock mode of this intersection cutting is bigger The rate of penetration that improve drill bit.

But, in the prior art including above-mentioned patented technology, the wing at fixing cutting tooth place is all former according to synchronous cutting Reason is designed, and on the most each wing, the cutting tooth of different radial positions simultaneously or synchronizes (or basic simultaneously, basic synchronization) Enter duty, start to cut bottom rock, and start simultaneously at and wear and tear.Green bit (bores under preferable duty Head center and well center superposition stablize the state of creeping into) drilling rock time, simultaneously participate in and scrape that to cut all cutting teeth of rock equal For main cutting tooth, main cutting tooth is the primary cutting element of drill bit fractured rock, is typically provided at the front side of each wing, with It is beneficial to reach preferably to cool down and cleaning performance.In addition to cutting tooth, standby cutting also can be set as required on drill bit Tooth (i.e. when main cutting odontotripsis to a certain extent after the cutting tooth just devoted oneself to work, such as rear toothrow etc.) and assisted machining structure (refer mainly to help main cutting tooth to break the structure of rock, such as cone tooth, or the buffer structure of protection cutting tooth effect, such as buffering joint or Buffering tooth etc.).

In drill bit design process, it will usually by the plane of drill bit central axis as cloth tooth axial plane (also arbitrarily determine one Referred to as axial plane), on drill bit, the radial and axial position of each cutting tooth all can be expressed on this axial plane accurately.Work as drill bit Under conditions of axial location is constant when own axes rotates, the land contour line of cutting tooth is crossed to form intersection with axial plane, This intersection is the axial plane contour line of cutting tooth, then by main cutting teeth all on drill bit (or institute on some appointment wings or dise knife Have main cutting tooth) axial plane contour line collect in this axial plane, be the formation of axial plane cloth tooth figure (or some appointment cuttves of drill bit The axial plane cloth tooth figure of the wing or dise knife).Because axial plane cloth tooth figure can accurately reflect the radial direction covering cutting tooth on drill bit to bottom rock Situation, therefore it is again shaft bottom drape tooth figure, it is called for short drape tooth figure or shaft bottom coverage diagram.

In the shaft bottom coverage diagram of drill bit, make an external envelope curve tangent with the axial plane contour line of all main cutting teeth, i.e. For the cutting wheel profile (namely crown profile line of drill bit) of drill bit, as in figure 2 it is shown, be conventional PDC drill bit in prior art Shaft bottom coverage diagram, wherein, be labeled as the horizontal direction of R be drill bit radially, the vertical direction being labeled as Z is that drill bit is axial, The curve of label 11 is the cutting wheel profile of drill bit in prior art.

In the shaft bottom coverage diagram of drill bit, if only specifying the cutting tooth on wing or dise knife to show certain, and by other Cutting tooth on wing or dise knife conceals, and is the formation of the axial plane cloth tooth figure of this wing or dise knife.At wing or the axial plane of dise knife In cloth tooth figure, making an external envelope curve tangent with the axial plane contour line of each main cutting tooth, this envelope is then referred to as this cutter The cutting wheel profile of the wing or dise knife.The cutting wheel profile of wing reflect when on wing, the distribution of main cutting tooth is the closeest (can completely Cover the shaft bottom radial zone at this wing place) time, the basic or desired profile shape in the shaft bottom that this wing independently cuts Feature.

If drill bit rotates around own axes under conditions of axial location is constant, then for a certain wing body, its leading flank with The intersection of its cloth flank of tooth will scan one surface of revolution with drill bit central axis as axis of formation, this time along with the rotation of drill bit The intersection turning curved surface and axial plane is the body profiles line of wing, as shown in Fig. 2 or 11, is wherein numbered the curve of 32, It is the body profiles line of wing.Under normal circumstances, owing to being arranged in the proud exposure of the main cutting tooth on the wing cloth flank of tooth it is Same or like (except closing on the region of gage land), so the cutting wheel profile of wing and the shape base of its body profiles line This is in parastate, only may have notable difference in the region closing on rule footpath.Therefore, based on the need realizing synchronous cutting principle , in prior art, the body profiles line of each wing of drill bit coincides mutually or essentially coincides.In other words, bore in theory The body profiles line of each wing is all on the same surface of revolution with drill bit central axis as axis, thus they are all phases On a same curve or same curve one section.This feature can be referred to as drill bit each wing body profiles line concordance or Synteny.Obviously, this concordance or synteny are not only present in the body profiles line of each wing, and cut each wing Cutting contour line is also to set up.This architectural feature just so that be fixedly arranged at the main cutting tooth on each wing of drill bit can be simultaneously Or synchronous cutting bottom rock, and then form pit shaft.

The existing PDC drill bit (including the PDC drill bit with dise knife) with synchronous cutting principle is boring ground in the face of complicated difficult During layer (high rigidity, high abrasive or even containing the heterogeneity such as gravel layer, interlayer stratum), not only drilling efficiency is restricted, Its working life is the most undesirable.Its main cause is: first, stronger in order to ensure that drill bit can possess when hard formation creeps into Wedging or invade the ability of rock surface, it is necessary to use size (diameter) less cutting tooth, but minor diameter cutting The proud exposure of tooth is little, wear height can be substantially less than major diameter cutting tooth, but now cut the rate of wear of tooth faster, Therefore insoluble contradiction in a bad ground drill bit design it is the formation of: cutting tooth according to major diameter, cutting tooth is difficult To invade rock (after particularly occurring to a certain degree to wear and tear), drill bit efficiency of breaking rock is low；Cut tooth according to minor diameter, cut The working life cutting tooth is the most inadequate.Second, cut tooth when drill bit creeps in hard formation, heterogeneity stratum and be frequently subjected to stronger Shock loading, easily occur the coming off of a small amount of tooth of cutting the most individually, rupture, fragmentation, the quickly mistake such as burst apart of diamond layer Effect phenomenon, this phenomenon once occurs, the chain inefficacy that close region cutting tooth will be caused to cause because workload increases, Then the exposure part producing ring cutting phenomenon, the i.e. drill bit cutting tooth in this radial zone is wholly or largely ground off, and And then grind cannelure on drill bit each wing body.Ring cutting phenomenon once occurs, on drill bit the body of each wing all directly with Rock formation face contacts, even if the cutting tooth on wing has the most all ground, but owing to ratio presses serious reduction, so drill bit Efficiency of breaking rock can be remarkably decreased.So, after grinding annular groove on drill bit, typically it is considered as drill bit and has lost or cut close to losing Cut ability, not only can not reenter well and use, even repair (changing or renovate worn-out cutting tooth) time serious and be all difficult to Implement.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to: propose a kind of dise knife formula composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground, drill bit can be obviously improved multiple Service behaviour under the formation condition such as miscellaneous application conditions, bad ground, particularly high rigidity, high abrasive, high inhomogeneity.

The object of the invention is realized by following technical proposals:

A kind of dise knife formula composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground, including drill body, extends from several wings of drill body, The dise knife that relatively drill body is rotationally connected, and the hydrophthalmia that is arranged on drill body or nozzle, wing is provided with some Individual first group of cutting tooth, the wing cloth flank of tooth arranges recess and cuts tooth in order to fix first group, and dise knife is by dise knife body and is arranged at it The dise knife tooth composition of outer rim, at least the body profiles line of a wing and the body profiles line of at least another one wing are altogether With having at least one misaligned region (or the most different wide region) in coverage, and at least one coincidence point or coincidence district Territory (or being referred to as with wide region).

For drill body involved in the present invention, wing, the wing cloth flank of tooth, hydrophthalmia, nozzle, wing body profiles line, it is To first group cutting tooth, the concept being known in the art, do not repeat at this, be referred to as Fig. 1, Figure 14, Figure 17, Shown in Figure 18, Figure 19 and Figure 20, for the structural representation of drill bit of the present invention, wherein, 1 is drill body, 2 for dise knife (i.e. The runner of big deviation angle described in background technology), 21 for wheel the palm, 8 be dise knife tooth, 3 for wing, 33 be the wing cloth flank of tooth, 41 Be first group of cutting tooth, 61 for hydrophthalmia or nozzle；As shown in figure 11, for wing body profiles line schematic diagram each in the present invention (figure 11 is Fig. 1 drill bit each wing body profiles line shape and position in coverage diagram), wherein, 32 is wing body profiles line.

In existing technology, on drill bit, the body profiles line of all wings is all same returning with drill bit central axis as axis Turn on curved surface, thus they broadly fall into an identical curve, or be respectively a section in same curve.But in the present invention, Each wing can have independent, to be not affiliated with a same surface of revolution wing body profiles line, and an at least wing The body profiles line of body profiles line and at least another one wing have in the range of collectively covering simultaneously misaligned region (with It is referred to as down the most different wide region) and coincidence point or overlapping region (hereafter referred to collectively as with exterior feature region, comprise coincidence point and overlapping region).

What deserves to be explained is, the coverage of wing (namely the radial cutting working range of wing or region) refers on wing Radial extension between inner side cutting tooth and outermost cutting tooth.The radial direction between wing contour line Origin And Destination can also be used Scope is as the coverage of wing.Specifically described herein collectively covers scope, refers to that two or more wings overlap (being i.e. collectively responsible for) radially working region, such as scope a that collectively covers and the figure in Fig. 7 (a) four-headed arrow indication region Four-headed arrow indication region shown in 7 (b) collectively cover scope b, wherein Fig. 7 (a) show on same drill bit one Long wing (the operator wing) and the body profiles line schematic diagram of a short sword wing (secondary wing), Fig. 7 (b) show same brill The body profiles line schematic diagram of upper two long wings (the operator wing), it is clear that wing represented by Fig. 7 (a) and Fig. 7 (b) The scope of collectively covering is different.Further, each wing body profiles line coincidence point in the range of it collectively covers is permissible It is the intersection point of each curve, it is also possible to be the point of contact between curve, the intersection point as shown in dash area 34 in Fig. 7 (a) and point of contact； Each wing body profiles line overlapping region in the range of it collectively covers is each wing body profiles line and overlaps or essentially coincide Part, the overlapping region as shown in dash area 34 in Fig. 7 (a), Fig. 7 (b)；On the other hand, model is being collectively covered In enclosing, on wing body profiles line, the part except coincidence point and overlapping region (also known as with wide region) is wing body The misaligned region (the most different wide region) of contour line.In addition to coincidence point, the width of misaligned region and overlapping region is fixed Justice is that it is along the most shared width of drill bit.

First group of cutting tooth on wing is arranged generally along the body profiles line of wing, and forms corresponding wing cutting profile Line.By the above, in existing bit technique, each wing cutting wheel profile overlaps as same song in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom Line, meanwhile, this curve is also the cutting wheel profile of whole drill bit, and parallel or substantially parallel with the body profiles line of wing. And each wing body profiles line in the present invention with some misaligned regions will have some misaligned regions by self-assembling formation Wing cutting wheel profile, as it is shown on figure 3, region P is overlapping region in the drill bit coverage diagram being made up of two wings, region N It it is misaligned region.On the other hand, according to previously described definition content, bit cutting contour line is actually each wing Cutting wheel profile taking the lead in and the superposing, as Fig. 3,12,21 label 11 is drill bit of stratum contact area in same axial plane Cutting wheel profile, label 31 is wing cutting wheel profile.Integrate, if the body profiles line of some wing and other cuttves The body profiles line of the wing has several different wide regions in the range of collectively covering simultaneously and several are with wide region, then this wing Cutting wheel profile and bit cutting contour line (the most asynchronous cutting zone, the most asynchronous district misaligned in subregion Territory), and coincide in another part region (including a point or one section of curve) or essentially coincide (referred to as synchronous cutting region, Hereinafter referred to as retaining zone).Obviously, the different wide region of wing body profiles line corresponds to the asynchronous area of wing cutting wheel profile, Then corresponding with retaining zone with wide region.

In operation principle, there is the wing of asynchronous area and compare the difference of conventional synchronous cutting wing and be: on wing also Not all tooth simultaneously participates in work, but only has part cutting tooth (the cutting tooth of retaining zone) and participate in work, waits these to cut Cut odontotripsis to a certain extent after, the cutting tooth of other region (the cutting tooth of asynchronous area) just can touch rock and open Beginning rock cutting works.Obviously, the wing with this cutting tooth work characteristics stage by stage is referred to as (the letter of asynchronous cutting wing Claim asynchronous wing), when the pressure of the drill undertaken is identical, compared to having prior art (the cutting tooth of different radial positions on wing All simultaneously or the participation cutting rock that synchronizes), the ratio pressure acting on rock is high.Asynchronous wing number is the most, this effect promoted than pressure The most notable with (being called for short supercharging effectiveness), if the whole wing of drill bit all uses the wing with asynchronous cutting characteristic, its supercharging Effectiveness is more prominent, is advantageous to promote drill bit and invades the ability of rock at bad ground.For conventional bit, cutter Wing cutting profile overlaps with bit cutting profile or essentially coincides, on wing the cutting tooth of different radial positions all while or The participation rock cutting synchronized is referred to as synchronous cutting.The drill bit comprising asynchronous wing is referred to as asynchronous cut drill and (is called for short asynchronous Drill bit).

If on the cutting wheel profile of certain asynchronous wing, only a single point or the narrowest single region are taken turns with bit cutting on drill bit Profile coincides or essentially coincides, then mean that the cutting wheel profile of this wing is in this point or the position at place, the narrowest region On be evagination, the cutting wheel profile of other positions of wing is then relative to bit cutting contour line indent, it is clear that only convex The cutting tooth playing position is to work from the beginning, along with this or these the continuous of tooth is worn and torn, wing is in indent position Cutting tooth the most gradually come into contact with and rock cutting.Equally, if there being several points on the cutting wheel profile of certain asynchronous wing Or the regional area of some mutual interruptions coincides with bit cutting contour line, then the cutting wheel profile of this wing is in these positions Being local evagination, remaining region is then relative to bit cutting contour line indent, therefore at the beginning of the drilling process of drill bit, only The cutting tooth at these evagination positions is at rock cutting, and the cutting tooth at remaining indent position then cuts odontotripsis to one in male part position Just progress into the process of rock cutting after determining degree, thus realize different parts on same wing and cut working stage by stage of tooth. Obviously, asynchronous wing has the wing of local cutting feature, when the pressure of the drill that wing undertakes is identical, this cutter the most exactly The wing acts in the cutting zone of local that the ratio pressure of rock is obvious exceeds conventional wing.Asynchronous wing number is the most, and this lifting is compared The effectiveness (being called for short supercharging effectiveness) of pressure is the most notable.If the whole wing of drill bit all uses asynchronous wing, the most now drill bit can claim For disparate step drill bit, its supercharging effectiveness is more prominent, is advantageous to promote drill bit and invades the ability of rock at bad ground.

Corresponding to foregoing teachings, asynchronous wing participates in the regional area of initial cuts, its cutting wheel profile is evagination, accordingly The wing body profiles line naturally also evagination of position, as shown in Figure 8.Further, wing body profiles line has multiple office During portion's projection, wing body profiles is made to present the shape facility of rising and falling shape, as shown in Fig. 9,12,22,23.To two For the asynchronous wing that individual body profiles shape differs, the local crowning on wing is the most, then its collectively cover region it In, intersection or joining between two wing body profiles lines are the most.If the local crowning by asynchronous wings multiple on drill bit Position is interspersed, and the most overlapping multiple local crownings just can be utilized to complete bottom section even all radial zones and cover Lid.In drilling process, as long as the bossing on drill bit is not smoothed, pressurized effect also exists the most to some extent.This Outward, the height of local crowning can significantly higher than cut diameter (knuckle-tooth) or the working depth (non-knuckle-tooth) of tooth, and the discrepancy in elevation is more Greatly, not only the supercharging shear action timeliness of wing is the longest, and on the other hand the length of wing body profiles line is the longest, naturally Cloth tooth region on same wing is the biggest, and cutting number of teeth amount is the most, and the number of teeth increases the spy worked stage by stage with cutting tooth Levy and be mutually matched, thus adding the working life extending asynchronous drill bit on the basis of wing creeps into than pressure.

In the present invention, can effectively be regulated the cutter set density of drill bit by wing body profiles line, improve drill bit and adapt to the model on stratum Enclose and continue drilling ability.By the present invention program formed echelon cloth tooth can be effectively increased drill bit axially can wear volume, Extend the service life of drill bit.According to Chinese patent " a kind of combined drill breaking rock with cutting way " (patent No.: 201010229371.9) described, when creeping into, the cutting tooth on dise knife is scraped in turn with form the most alternately and is cut through rock, and at well The end, forms the scratch of helix, and the cutting tooth being arranged on fixing wing forms the scratch of concentric circles in shaft bottom, and two sets are scraped Trace is collectively forming the BHP of cross network in shaft bottom, has utilization cutting tooth wedging stratum, improves efficiency of breaking rock.Therefore, The present invention while extending the service life of drill bit, improves efficiency of breaking rock at composite drill bit.

Therefore, according to above to the object of the invention and rationale, it is possible to understand that and confirm, " the cutter that the present invention is defined The body profiles line of the wing and the body profiles line of other wings have in the range of collectively covering at least one misaligned region (or It is referred to as different wide region) " should not do absolute understanding, the most should be not that may be present in prior art, under some is unconscious Or it is accidentally lower or for the basis with the body profiles line of wing that causes under other purposes of wide of the mark of the present invention with other wings Body contour line exist lesser degree of misaligned contain including；Those skilled in the art are based on aforementioned the object of the invention and principle Illustrating, according to the prior art grasped, common knowledge, the degree for described " misaligned region " obviously can correctly be managed Solve, it is not necessary to defined especially；Typically, in order to preferably realize the present invention " promote drill bit bad ground invade The ability of rock " purpose, this misaligned region accounts for the whole ratio collectively covering range areas and is preferably not less than 25%.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is entirety or the curve of major part evagination, and described each curve Concave portion summit differs along the radial position of drill bit radial direction.

In this programme, the outer convex domain substantially only a fraction of wing body profiles line is cut with drill bit corresponding to wing cutting wheel profile Cut the region (retaining zone) that contour line coincides；And profile is cut corresponding to wing in remaining region on wing body profiles line The region (asynchronous area) that line is misaligned with bit cutting contour line.The radial position on the summit of two wing concave portion not phase With, wing cutting wheel profile just can be made to coincide with bit cutting contour line in relevant position, summit when design, now two The cutting tooth of individual wing summit and adjacent locations just becomes the initial cutting tooth participating in work, and the cutting tooth away from this region is (same Except step region) cutwork wouldn't be participated in.So, the ratio pressure acted on initialization cutting tooth is higher than conventional bit, Be conducive to improving drill bit and invade the ability of rock.In this programme, the curve that body profiles line is entirety or major part evagination is real It is unimodal curve on border, i.e. only exists a projection on wing body profiles line, as shown in Figure 4.Shown in Fig. 4 (a) Wing body profiles line is the curve of overall evagination, and the wing body profiles line shown in Fig. 4 (b) is the song of major part evagination Line, the curve of label 32c is the body profiles line of conventional wing in prior art, marks in phantom at this, in order to convex Aobvious heretofore described entirety or the feature of major part evagination wing body profiles line.Although wing body profiles is unimodal song Line, if the local crowning of each wing body profiles curve radially mutually staggers along drill bit, then these wings still can possess asynchronous Region.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, and described song It is respectively arranged with at least one local crowning between line radially or the most mutually to stagger along bit cutting contour line along drill bit.

Different from the wing body profiles line only having single entirety or major part evagination in aforementioned schemes, in this programme wing bodies Contour line has multiple local crowning, and therefore, the distribution of each local crowning can have different situations, as shown in Figure 6.Its In, Fig. 6 (a) show each local crowning along drill bit radial distribution, and on different wing body profiles line local crowning along boring Head radially (arrow A direction in figure) partly or entirely staggers；Fig. 6 (b) show each local crowning along bit cutting profile Line is distributed, and on different wing body profiles line local crowning along bit cutting contour line (arrow B direction in figure) part or All stagger.What deserves to be explained is, local crowning distribution represented in Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b) and displaced manner are only It is two kinds of more typical distribution modes, but is not limited to this two ways.

In such scheme, wing body profiles line is the curve with one or more local crowning, just can make cutter when design Wing cutting wheel profile coincides with bit cutting contour line in the relevant position, summit of local crowning, the most each wing local crowning Summit and the cutting tooth of adjacent locations just become the initial cutting tooth participating in work, and the cutting tooth away from this region (synchronizes Except region) cutwork wouldn't be participated in.Such structure makes drill bit in drilling process, and synchronization wing only has office The part cutting tooth contact shaft bottom at the top that portion is protruding, reduces the contact area of drill bit and rock, and the ratio pressure on cutting tooth is high In conventional bit, make the effective wedging stratum of drill bit energy；Even if drill bit weares and teares, part cutting tooth is caused to be destroyed, still So have remaining part not being worn cutting tooth following contacts shaft bottom, put into cutwork, it is ensured that drill bit creeps into overall process all It is high specific pressure, the beneficially raising of drill bit rate of penetration.

Secondly, the wing body profiles line of fluctuating not only makes the cutting tooth on same wing body profiles line participate in brokenly stage by stage Rock, also makes its cloth tine length longer, and the cloth number of teeth amount on the most same wing is the most more, and the number of teeth increases and cutting tooth sublevel The feature of section work is mutually matched, thus is adding the working life extending drill bit on the basis of wing creeps into than pressure.Special It not that the local crowning on the body profiles line of wing mutually staggers, there is preferably cloth tooth effect, i.e. can form Local Convex The alternate covering that rises (it can be appreciated that be longitudinally formed multiple step structure, such as Figure 13, and the region, heart portion of Figure 21), It is obviously prolonged the worn and torn length of cutting tooth.And the cutting tooth in alternate covering region to remain as the table being exposed to outside wing inserted, High specific pressure when creeping into can be kept.Additionally, in this programme, allow also to the radial position at drill bit of the local crowning on each curve Overlap.Meanwhile, wing has the existence of several local crownings, add the chip space of drill bit, reduce landwaste in cutting Accumulation near tooth, is conducive to heat radiation and the cooling of cutting tooth, reduces the thermal wear of cutting tooth, improve brill from another point of view The service behaviour of head.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of the wing of 40% quantity is the curve with at least one local crowning, and It is respectively arranged with at least one local crowning between described curve along drill bit radial component or all mutually to stagger.

In such scheme, if the wing quantity of different exterior feature is maintained at certain proportion scope, it is possible to play different wide cutter better and more scientifically The asynchronous shear action of the wing.Obviously, the ratio of 40% may result in a non-integral result, now, root in this scenario According to the understanding of general knowledge, need to carry out rounding: such as, a total of 6 wings of drill bit, then 40% is exactly 2.4, and rounding is 2 Individual wing.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, and described song The misaligned peak width of line at least accounts for 1/4th of drill bit radius.

In such scheme, if asynchronous area scope is maintained at certain proportion, it is possible to preferably play the asynchronous shear action of drill bit. The length increasing asynchronous area can allow the life-span of drill bit regional interior cutting tooth be mutually matched, and reduces drilling cost Purpose.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, and described song The local crowning mutually staggered between line is distributed in the radial zone beyond drill bit three/Radius.

For PDC drill bit, in outside 1/3rd regions, cutter-wear rate is very fast.Use such scheme, asynchronous Region can cover on drill bit cut tooth lost efficacy fireballing region, thus significantly improve drill bit these positions can wear height, Increase cutting structure and invade the ability of rock, promote bit life, reduce drilling cost.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, and described song The local crowning mutually staggered between line is distributed in the radial zone within drill bit 2/3rds radius.

Under some special operation condition, during combined drilling, drill bit movement complicated condition, do not only exist oscillation crosswise, and Exist shimmy, and drill bit is likely to be at duty uneven with hole axis.For composite drill bit of the present invention, In perimeter by the cooperation region of dise knife Yu fixing wing, and region, heart portion is the weakest, under these conditions, Easily there is Fast Wearing because of unbalance loading in the cutting tooth in drill bit internal region.Owing to the interior zone number of teeth of PDC drill bit is less, So, once indivedual teeth lost efficacy, it is easy to chain reaction occurs, and caused the generation of internal ring cutting failure phenomenon, this inefficacy Phenomenon is commonly called as " from the bottom of one's heart " phenomenon.In the program, asynchronous area is arranged in the region within drill bit 2/3rds radius, energy Enough significantly improve drill bit these positions can wear height, thus extend PDC drill bit in Special complex works such as combined drillings In service life under condition, reduce the generation even avoiding phenomenon from the bottom of one's heart.

As preferably, the local crowning shape of wing body profiles line is similar or identical, can also be dissimilar or differ.As Preferably, the local crowning shape of the wing body profiles line of at least 50% quantity is similar or identical.Obviously, in this scenario 50% Ratio may result in a non-integral result, at this time, it may be necessary to carry out rounding.Such as, a total of 5 wings of drill bit Body profiles line, then 50% is exactly 2.5, rounding is 2 wing body profiles lines.

As preferably, the shape of local crowning can be similar parabola shaped, trapezoidal, circular, oval etc., can also be Combination between them, as shown in Figure 9.

As preferably, the height of all wing body profiles line local crownings is not less than 8mm.

As preferably, overall or most of evagination the height of all wing body profiles lines is not less than 8mm.

In such scheme, being first set forth as follows boundary's point of elevated regions: for the region of overall evagination, its protruding boundary point should It is respectively the boundary of the wing body profiles line end points near drill bit heart portion and wing body profiles line bizet and gage areas Point, the point 322 as shown in Figure 10 (a)；For major part evagination or the region of local crowning, if whole projection occupy same Article one, between two troughs of smoothed curve, then the two trough must have a common tangent and two point of contacts of difference, and these are two years old Individual point of contact is its protruding boundary point, the point 322 as shown in Figure 10 (b)；If whole protruding two ends are the non-of different curved section Be smoothly connected a little, then this junction point is i.e. as boundary's point of this projection, the point 322 as shown in Figure 10 (c)；If certain is protruding Side be the continuously smooth curve with trough, opposite side is previously described curved section Non-smooth surface junction point, then this connection Point is first as one of its boundary's point, and another boundary's point is from this made tangent line at protruding opposite side smoothed curve section trough Point of contact, the point 322 as shown in Figure 10 (d).Accordingly, certain projection (includes overall evagination, major part evagination and local Protruding) width be defined as the length of this projection both sides circle point line, W as shown in Figure 10, it is the most then defined as convex Play the point on curve to the maximum distance of both sides circle point line, H as shown in Figure 10, fillet curve obtains this long distance From point be the summit of this projection.It should be noted that owing to protruding shape can have a lot of situations of change, above-mentioned Although definition is made just for a limited number of kind of convex shape, but its essence spirit is equally applicable to the protruding (bag of difformity Include overall evagination, major part evagination and local crowning) other situation.This patent full text relates to the region (bag of projection Include overall evagination, major part evagination and local crowning) calculating the most according to said method, be not repeated.

As preferably, different wide wing is more than other regions at the local crowning height of drill bit crown region or nasal region.

When drill bit passes through the heterogeneity formation condition such as interlayer, gravel layer, the nose of drill bit, shoulder often carry a large amount of broken rock and carry Lotus, power consumption so that the cutting tooth Fast Wearing at these positions, and then make drill bit premature failure.In the program, by increasing Drill bit crown region or the local crowning of nasal region, not only improve the drill bit rock wedging ability at these positions, also increase Add its abrasion length, thus extend bit life on the basis of promoting drilling efficiency.

As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, described each song Between line, at least a local crowning overlaps or essentially coincides, and is arranged in overlapping mutually between different wing body profiles line The first group of cutting tooth closing local crowning mutually staggers.

As preferably, at least a wing has preposition wing body profiles line and at least one rearmounted wing body profiles simultaneously Line, preposition wing body profiles line and rearmounted wing body profiles line are the curve with at least one local crowning.Preferably, Local crowning radially or the most mutually staggers along bit cutting contour line along drill bit.

The cutting structure of two asynchronous wings is substantially incorporated on a wing body by such scheme.In the program, same cutter On the wing, two different wing body profiles lines are provided with at least two rows and cut tooth, therefore can not increase the bar of wing quantity Under part, increase the cutter set density of drill bit, the asynchronous cutting structure of strengthening drill bit, be the most also beneficial to expand the runner of drill bit, more Fully, effectively utilize bit operation space, improve the combination property of drill bit.

As preferably, described wing is provided with at least one proud exposure second group of cutting tooth less than or equal to zero, or extremely A few dead slot is or/and second group be fixed in dead slot is cut tooth.

In the program, it is less than or equal to second group of cutting tooth and the dead slot (bag of zero relative to wing its proud exposure of body profiles line Include built-in tooth and built-in table be inserted etc.) it is arranged in wing body the most simultaneously, the abrasion of wing can not only be greatly increased Length, is also effectively utilized wing body space, while guaranteeing to creep into than pressure, extends bit life further.

As preferably, wing body profiles line is disposed with in overall or most of evagination or wing region corresponding to local crowning to Few proud exposure second group of cutting tooth less than or equal to zero, or at least one dead slot or/and be fixed in dead slot the Two groups of cutting teeth.

In the program, owing to the local crowning of wing body creeps into higher than pressure, cutting tooth arranges negligible amounts, the most relatively common cutter The wing is easier to abrasion, and after the abrasion of this part wing body, this region arranges dead slot can make worn-out cutting tooth under external load Depart from rapidly wing body, and then expose dead slot and second group of cutting tooth, worn-out region is repaired, ensure that On the basis of drilling life of bit, the ability of bit cutting rock is updated.

Similarly, as preferably, dise knife is provided with at least one proud exposure second group of dise knife cutting tooth less than or equal to zero, Or at least one dead slot is or/and the second group of dise knife being fixed in dead slot cuts tooth.

As preferably, the wing cutting wheel profile corresponding to wing body profiles line local crowning is tangent with bit cutting contour line.

As preferably, corresponding to wing cutting wheel profile and the bit cutting contour line part weight of wing body profiles line local crowning Close.

As preferably, at least the dise knife of a dise knife external edge contour line is the curve with at least three local crowning, is formed There is the dise knife body outer margin contour of waveform or star.

In such scheme, boundary's point of local crowning is all identical with the definition of local crowning on fixing wing, but its width can represent For the angle between Liang Ge circle point, as shown in figure 15.It is arranged on the dise knife dise knife tooth of local crowning, is positioned on same circumference, As schemed, 15,26 and 27.

As preferably, drill body is provided with the independent wheel palm, and dise knife is arranged on wheel palm, is rotationally connected with wheel palm formation.

As preferably, the wheel palm being integrally forming with wing, and dise knife is arranged on wing front end or/and rear end；In the program, by dise knife Cutting unit is bonded directly on fixing wing, saves dise knife supporting structure originally.Additionally due to directly have employed fixing Wing is as supporting structure, and existing dise knife axle and the structure of dise knife and combining form thereof all will occur huge change.Bearing Revolute pair can be directly arranged in fixing wing, and the volume (particularly thickness) of dise knife can be substantially reduced.

As preferably, wing offering dise knife groove, dise knife forms bi-lateral support in being arranged on dise knife groove.In the program, formed Double support structures, on the basis of saving drill bit space, it is possible to increase the bearing capacity of bearing, simultaneously the stress of dise knife axle More equalize.Therefore, dise knife bearing arrangement of the present invention reliability and safety compared with the bearing arrangement of existing comparable size is higher, Life-span is longer.

As preferably, described cutting tooth is that composite polycrystal-diamond, polycrystal diamond composite teeth, TSP are cut Cut tooth, natural diamond cutting tooth, impregnated Adamas cutting tooth, carbide cutting tooth, cubic boron nitride cutting tooth, pottery Porcelain cuts tooth or the cutting tooth comprising diamond or cubic boron nitride.

Aforementioned main formula case of the present invention and each further selection scheme thereof can be with independent assortment to form multiple schemes, and being the present invention can The scheme using and claiming；And the present invention, (each non conflicting selection) select between and and other select between can also Independent assortment.Those skilled in the art can understand there be multiple group according to prior art and common knowledge after understanding the present invention program Close, be the claimed technical scheme of the present invention, do not do at this exhaustive.

Explanation of nouns:

The proud exposure of cutting tooth: refer to the peak the cutting land distance to wing body profiles line.Proud exposure is permissible Just be, be negative, it is also possible to equal to zero, when cutting land and being exposed to outside wing body, the proud exposure of tooth be on the occasion of.

First group of cutting tooth: be arranged in the proud exposure cutting tooth more than zero on the wing body cloth flank of tooth.

Second group of cutting tooth: be arranged on wing, and relative to the cutting less than or equal to zero of the wing body profiles line proud exposure Tooth.In inserted and built-in table is inserted etc. belongs to second group of cutting tooth.Second group of dise knife cutting tooth concept is with reference to this concept.

Interior inserted: be less than or equal to the cutting tooth of zero relative to wing body profiles line proud exposure, cutting tooth is put down except cutwork Other surface (mainly side and bottom end face) beyond face and wing body comprehensive engagement, and rely on this contact relation real Now cut the consolidation of tooth.I.e. cutting tooth is embedded in wing body or bit body, as shown in Figure 24 b completely.

Dead slot: be arranged on the wing body below first group of cutting, can be through slot, it is possible to for non-penetrating blind slot.Dead slot Effect one be can to play to reduce invalid the pressure of the drill disadvantageous to rock cutting that wing body is undertaken after bit wear, two are Cloth tooth space is provided for built-in table is inserted.

Built-in table is inserted: be fixed on wing body in the dead slot arranged, and its land exposure is in the cutting on its dead slot surface, place Tooth.When first group of the inserted front of built-in table cutting tooth and wing body completely worn out after, built-in table is inserted can be cut as first group Cut tooth like that with the high specific pressure mode rock cutting that table is inserted, make the stock-removing efficiency of drill bit obtain a certain degree of recovery.Built-in Table is inserted inserted to be completely embedded in wing body, as shown in fig. 24 a unlike interior.The design of dead slot makes to put on built-in The inserted the pressure of the drill of table is not absorbed by wing body about, that is the inserted ratio pressure of built-in table is not because of the existence of neighbouring wing body Substantially reduce so that its working condition is consistent or close with first group of cutting tooth, that is cuts the wing body near tooth in dead slot Being not involved in contacting rock, so that inlaying form rock cutting with table during the inserted work of built-in table, thus it creeps into more relative than pressure the The most substantially reduce for one group of cutting tooth, while ensureing cutting tooth wedging ability, improve the service life of drill bit.

Dise knife can be considered the wing of energy bit body rotary motion relatively, therefore the inserted equally similar fashion of built-in tooth, built-in table sets Put on dise knife body.

Cloth tooth axial plane or axial plane: by the plane of drill bit central axis, be mainly used in expressing radial direction and the axle of each cutting tooth on drill bit To position, and the cutting tooth coverage condition to bottom rock, and the elementary contour feature in shaft bottom.

Shaft bottom coverage diagram: when drill bit rotates around own axes under conditions of axial location is constant, the land contour line of cutting tooth Being crossed to form intersection with axial plane, this intersection is the axial plane contour line of cutting tooth, then by the axial plane profile congruence of all main cutting teeth Collection, in this axial plane, is the formation of the axial plane cloth tooth figure of drill bit.Because axial plane cloth tooth figure can accurately reflect cutting tooth pair on drill bit The coverage condition of bottom rock, therefore it is again shaft bottom drape tooth figure, it is called for short drape tooth figure or shaft bottom coverage diagram.

Bit cutting contour line: in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom, makees an external envelope tangent with the axial plane contour line of all main cutting teeth Curve, is bit cutting contour line.This curve characterizes the elementary contour feature in the got out shaft bottom of drill bit.

Wing cutting wheel profile: in the shaft bottom coverage diagram of drill bit, only specifies the cutting tooth on wing to show certain, and Cutting tooth on other wing is concealed, is the formation of the axial plane cloth tooth figure of this wing.In the axial plane cloth tooth figure of wing, make Article one, tangent with the axial plane contour line of each main cutting tooth external envelope curve, this envelope is the cutting wheel profile of this wing.

Wing body profiles line: in definition cloth tooth axial plane, if drill bit rotates around own axes under conditions of axial location is constant, Then for a certain wing body, its leading flank will scan one space song of formation along with the rotation of drill bit with the intersection of its cloth flank of tooth The intersection of face, this space curved surface and axial plane is the body profiles line of wing.

Wing body profiles line preposition, rearmounted: if two or more adjacent blades each with wing body profiles line are closed And be same wing, then arise that a plurality of wing body profiles line, in this case, along drill bit on the wing body after merging The referred to as preposition wing body profiles line of direction of rotation forefront, remaining is rearmounted wing contour line.On same wing body The necessary structure such as runner, hydrophthalmia and nozzle is may also set up between adjacent blades body profiles line.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:

(1) fixing the differing of body profiles line of wing in composite drill bit of the present invention, the cloth tooth that can effectively regulate drill bit is close Degree, improves drill bit and adapts to the scope on stratum and lasting drilling ability.

(2) the cutting tooth on composite drill bit dise knife of the present invention and the cutting tooth on fixing wing cooperatively form in shaft bottom and intersect Netted BHP, is conducive to the cutting tooth effective wedging to rock.Cutting tooth alternation on dise knife is reduced or avoided Fixing teeth drill bit lost efficacy the drill bit initial failure brought because of minority cutting tooth, extended drilling life of bit.

(3) the cutting tooth that the present invention arranges along wing body profiles line forms multiple step structure in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom, it is possible to Increase the axial wear volume of drill bit, extend the service life of drill bit.After first order cutting tooth weares and teares, and it is exposed to Outer secondary cutting tooth can quickly participate in cutting, and keeps the high specific pressure state crept into.

(4) in technical solution of the present invention, the wing cutting wheel profile of drill bit is incomplete same with bit cutting contour line, but portion Dividing and overlap or contact, other regions do not contact.In the present invention this have asynchronous cutting feature wing, at the brill undertaken When pressing identical, compared to having the wing of synchronous cutting feature, the ratio pressure acting on rock is obvious high.Asynchronous wing number is the most, This effectiveness (being called for short supercharging effectiveness) promoted than pressing is the most notable.

(5) when wing body profiles line is alternately formed by connecting by lobe and depressed part.Wing has depositing of lobe and depressed part , increase the chip space of drill bit, reduce landwaste accumulation near cutting tooth, be conducive to heat radiation and the cooling of cutting tooth, Reduce the thermal wear of cutting tooth.

(6) present invention reduces the drill bit sensitivity to formation condition, widens single drill bit to the subject range on stratum (from soft Layer is to hard formation), in soft formation, protruding and neighbouring cutting tooth can be considered as a big cutting element and scrape and cut stratum, Obtain higher rate of penetration and drilling efficiency.In hard formation, rely on omnidistance high specific pressure and axial multilayer can wear volume, Obtain higher rate of penetration and service life.

(7) region of composite drill bit local weak can be strengthened by the technology of the present invention so that the sustainable brill of composite drill bit Enter ability to be further enhanced.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the drill bit structure schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 2 is the cloth tooth coverage diagram of existing drill bit；

Fig. 3 is overlapping region and the principle schematic of not overlapping region in the present invention；

Fig. 4 is body profiles line entirety evagination or the structural representation of major part evagination；

Fig. 5 be the body profiles line of wing be that the summit of the bossing of the unimodal curve of overall evagination and different wing is same The structural representation that drill bit axial plane internal phase staggers mutually；

Fig. 6 is the protruding schematic diagram radially staggered with bit cutting contour line direction；

Fig. 7 is that in the present invention, wing body profiles line collectively covers region, coincidence point, overlapping region and misaligned region Schematic diagram.

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of body profiles line local crowning；

Fig. 9 is that body profiles line has multiple local crowning and the different structural representation of convex shape；

Figure 10 is protrusions circle point of the present invention and ledge width, the definition schematic diagram of height of projection；

Figure 11 is the wing body profiles line of Fig. 1 shape in coverage diagram；

Figure 12 is the cloth tooth figure of each wing of Fig. 1；

Figure 13 is the overall coverage diagram of Fig. 1；

Figure 14 is the structural representation of second embodiment of the invention；

Figure 15 is the dise knife end surface shape of Figure 14；

Figure 16 is the coverage diagram of Figure 14；

Figure 17 is the structural representation of third embodiment of the invention；

Figure 18 is the top view of Figure 17；

Figure 19 is the structural representation of fourth embodiment of the invention；

Figure 20 is the structural representation of fifth embodiment of the invention；

Figure 21 is the shaft bottom coverage diagram of Figure 20；

Figure 22,23 it is the structural representation of sixth embodiment of the invention；

Figure 24 is the difference schematic diagram that in the present invention, interior inserted and built-in table is inserted；

Figure 25 is the difference schematic diagram that in the present invention, different built-in tables are inserted；

Figure 26,27 it is the structural representation of dise knife on sixth embodiment of the invention drill bit；

Figure 28 is the cloth tooth figure of each wing of seventh embodiment of the invention；

In figure: 1, drill body；11, bit cutting contour line；2, dise knife；21, the wheel palm；3, wing；31, wing Cutting wheel profile；32, the body profiles line of wing；321, the bossing of wing body profiles line；322, protruding boundary point； 323, convex apexes；33, the wing cloth flank of tooth；41, first group of cutting tooth；42a, built-in table are inserted；42b, interior inserted； 5, dead slot；61, hydrophthalmia or nozzle；8, dise knife tooth；81a is that the built-in table of dise knife is inserted, 81b is inserted in dise knife.

Detailed description of the invention

Following non-limiting examples is used for the present invention is described.

Embodiment one

As shown in Fig. 1,11,12,13, a kind of dise knife formula drill bit with asynchronous cutting principle, including drill body 1, prolongs Extend some wings 3 of drill body 1, the dise knife 2 that relative drill body 1 is rotationally connected, and be arranged in drill body 1 On hydrophthalmia or nozzle 61, drill body 1 has wheel the palm 21, dise knife 2 be arranged on wheel the palm 21 on, with wheel the palm 21 formation turn Being dynamically connected, dise knife 2 is made up of dise knife body and the dise knife tooth 8 being installed in its outer rim, and wing 3 is provided with several first group Cutting tooth 41, the wing 3 cloth flank of tooth 33 arranges recess in order to fix first group of cutting tooth 41, in the runner between wing Being provided with hydrophthalmia or nozzle 61, at least the body profiles line 32 of a wing 3 (can comprise preposition wing body profiles line With rearmounted wing body profiles line) with the body profiles line 32 of at least another one wing 3 have in the range of collectively covering to A misaligned region, and at least one coincidence point less or overlapping region.Described first group of cutting tooth 41 and dise knife tooth 8 can Think composite polycrystal-diamond, polycrystal diamond composite teeth, TSP cutting tooth, natural diamond cutting Tooth, impregnated Adamas cutting tooth, carbide cutting tooth, cubic boron nitride cut tooth, ceramic cutting tooth or comprise diamond Or the cutting tooth of cubic boron nitride.

The body profiles line of wing 3 can be only an entirety or major part evagination unimodal curve, as shown in Figure 4, it is possible to To be the polymodal curve with multiple local crowning as shown in Figure 5, wherein, by Fig. 2, as a example by 4, it is labeled as the level of R Direction is drill bit radial direction, and the vertical direction being labeled as Z is that drill bit is axial, drill bit coverage diagram, wing body profiles in this patent In the schematic diagram that line chart etc. represent in drill bit axial plane, the drill bit of indication radially, axially all should so understand, repeats no more.With The drilling direction of drill bit is axis of ordinates, is radially axis of abscissas.Overall or most of evagination refers to single wing body profiles Whole section or most of (concave portion width is more than 1/2 with the ratio of drill bit radius) on line is a curve in spirogyrate, should Curve is formed by connecting with one or more straightways by one or more convex outer curve sections.The body profiles of existing PDC drill bit is bent Line is usually and is made up of (in Fig. 4 an arc section and another different arc section or the straightway being smoothly connected therewith Shown in dotted line), the top area of its evagination is referred to as " crown " region or the nasal region of drill bit.Existing PDC drill bit institute is often Body profiles curve mainly include following several types (disregarding and the little chamfering of joint, bit gauge footpath): bicone: straight Line (inner cone)+circular arc (nose)+straight line (outer shoulder)；Single circular arc type: straight line (inner cone)+circular arc (nose and outer shoulder Portion)；Bicircular arcs type: straight line (inner cone)+circular arc (nose)+circular arc (outer shoulder).These a few class contour curves broadly fall into whole Body or the situation of major part evagination, more specifically, be the unimodal curve of overall evagination.Such as Fig. 4 (a), Fig. 4 (b) Shown in, wherein the wing body profiles line shown in Fig. 4 (a) is the curve of overall evagination, the wing shown in Fig. 4 (b) Body profiles line is the curve of major part evagination, and the curve of label 32c is the body profiles line of conventional wing in prior art, Mark in phantom at this, in order to highlight heretofore described entirety or the feature of major part evagination wing body profiles line. Several situations shown in Fig. 5 be that drill bit each wing body profiles line is overall or the radial position on the summit of most of concave portion not Identical reference example.

Local crowning in the present invention, refers to be arranged on regional area (bossing width and brill on single wing body profiles line The ratio of head radius is less than or equal to 1/2) bossing 321, each bossing is referred to as a local crowning.Constitute local Protruding curve can be smooth curve, it is also possible to be non-smooth curve.Several as shown in Fig. 9 (a), (b), (c) Situation, during wherein the curve of label 32c is prior art, the body profiles line of conventional wing, marks in phantom, in order to Highlight the feature of the heretofore described wing body profiles line with multiple local crowning.As example, the basis of wing 3 Body can be only an entirety or the unimodal curve of major part evagination, as shown in Fig. 3,4,5, and convex apexes 323 phase Stagger mutually, such as Fig. 3, shown in 5.When wing body is made up of multiple local crownings, the shape of local crowning can be continuous Class parabola such as Fig. 9 (a), it is also possible to be multistage curve and circular arc composition convex hull shape curve, such as Fig. 9 (b), also may be used To be rectangle, such as Fig. 9 (c), the cross sectional shape of this outer lug can also is that trapezoidal, oval, the broken line such as rhombus, square The projection of shape, and the curve form of other shapes, only list the most typical portion-form at this.

As example, when wing 3 is the polymodal curve with multiple local crowning 321, the curve of local crowning can be light Sliding curve, it is also possible to be non-smooth curve.In coverage diagram, each wing 3 the most mutually staggers at drill bit, such as Figure 11 institute Show.Figure 13 is the shaft bottom coverage diagram of Fig. 1, and Figure 12 is the coverage diagram of each wing 3, it can easily be seen that each wing 3 from figure Body profiles line 32 separate, and the cutting wheel profile 11 of the cutting wheel profile 32 of each wing 3 and drill bit is only in part Region or point overlap, and each wing 3 is respectively provided with asynchronous cutting function.And it is (many to define overlapped coverage in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom Level cutting structure), particularly at local crowning 321, the cutting tooth being exposed to outside wing body 3 is the most overlapping.When taking the lead in and ground After the cutting odontotripsis of layer contact, the cutting tooth being exposed in outer secondary cutting structure will quickly participate in cutting, and drill bit creeps into Overall process is all high specific pressure, beneficially the raising of drill bit rate of penetration.In this programme, allow also to each wing body profiles line bent Bossing on line overlaps in the radial position of drill bit.

Dise knife 2 is rotatably connected on independent bit leg 21, and when creeping into, the cutting tooth on dise knife 2 is scraped in turn with form the most alternately Cut through rock, and at the scratch of shaft bottom formation helix, and the cutting tooth being arranged on fixing wing 3 forms concentric circular in shaft bottom The scratch of shape, two set scratches are collectively forming the BHP of cross network in shaft bottom, have utilization cutting tooth wedging stratum, improve Efficiency of breaking rock.Therefore, the present invention while extending the service life of drill bit, improves efficiency of breaking rock at composite drill bit.

As the further improvement of the embodiment above, same wing 3 is provided simultaneously with a wing body profiles line and at least one Rearmounted wing contour line, and along wing body profiles line and wing additional wheel profile be fixed with altogether at least two ranked first group cutting Tooth 41.

Embodiment two

As shown in figure 14, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one, and difference is: dise knife 2 comprises at least three portion Protruding 321, form waveform or star dise knife, as shown in figure 15.Figure 16 is that the coverage diagram of Figure 14 is (for being clearly apparent cutter Wing body profiles line, and dise knife external edge contour line, only give the cloth tooth situation of two wings).

Embodiment three

Such as Figure 17, shown in 18, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one, and difference is, dise knife 2 is directly anchored to On wing 3, and it is arranged on the leading flank of wing 3, and embodiment one or two, the wheel palm 21 independent being arranged on of dise knife are set On drill body.In the present embodiment, dise knife is set directly on wing body, has saved the locus that drill bit is valuable, and And dise knife 2 does not substitute the cloth tooth situation on wing 3, the most do not reduce the total diamond cloth denticle of drill bit and amass.As this area Research worker known to, dise knife 2 can also is that the trailing flank being arranged on wing 3 at wing 3, and at wing 3 body Before and after side be respectively provided with dise knife.

Embodiment four

As shown in figure 19, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one, and difference is, fixing wing 3 offers dish Cutter groove 22, dise knife 2 is arranged in dise knife groove 22, forms bi-lateral support.Space under this structure, shared by dise knife cutting unit Volume is substantially reduced, and the thrust surface of dise knife 2 is arranged in the trailing flank of the dise knife groove 22 on fixing wing 3, is conducive to protecting The performance of barrier bearing；This airframe bearing of comparable size is more longer than the life-span of existing structure bearing, and reliability and safety are higher.

Embodiment five

Such as Figure 20, shown in 21, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one to four, and difference is, at least two cuttves The body profiles line 32 of the wing is the curve with local crowning 321, and the misaligned area distribution of each curve is in the internal diameter of drill bit To 2/3rds regions.Curve is the polymodal curve with multiple bossing 321, along wing body profiles line 32 cloth tooth, Multiple step structure is formed in region, heart portion.From the point of view of composite drill bit, under the conditions of complex drilling, heart portion region relative thin Weak, easily cause the initial failure of cutting tooth, in turn result in the inefficacy of drill bit.The present invention can be good at adding region, heart tonifying portion Cutting energy ability and service life, and then extend drill bit service life.

Embodiment six

As illustrated in figs. 22-25, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one to five, and difference is, wing 3 is disposed with Second group of cutting tooth.In the present invention, first group of cutting tooth 41 that bossing 321 is arranged, is first to contact with stratum Cutting tooth, the cutting tooth worn and torn the most at first.Interior inserted 42a is arranged, it is possible to increase cutting tooth further at bossing 321 Can wear volume, and then extend bit life, as shown in Figure 24 b.Additionally, can also arrange another form of on wing Second group of cutting tooth (the inserted 42b of built-in table), the inserted 42b of built-in table is arranged in dead slot 5, as shown in fig. 24 a.Wherein, Dead slot 5 can be the groove as run through wing front and back sides in Figure 25 (a), it is also possible to be such as wing recessed in Figure 25 (b) The groove of leading flank.As further preferably, the bossing 321 (local crowning) of wing 3 and near zone thereof are provided with Dead slot 5 and the inserted 42a of built-in table, as second group of drill bit cutting tooth, such as Figure 22, shown in 23.Same dise knife cutting On dise knife can also be set in inserted 81a or the inserted 81b of the built-in table of dise knife, such as Figure 26, shown in 27.

Embodiment seven

As shown in figure 28, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one, and its difference is: the body profiles line of described wing 3 32 is the polymodal curve with multiple bossing 321 (local crowning), and the local crowning of different wings is at same drill bit shaft Mutually stagger in face, and correspond to wing cutting wheel profile and the bit cutting contour line phase of wing body profiles line local crowning Cut.The body profiles line 32 of any of the above-described wing is different from, on the body profiles line 32 of described wing 3 at least two Local crowning, the height of local crowning is more than or equal to 2mm.

The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention and former Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within then, should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. it is applicable to a dise knife formula composite drill bit for bad ground, including drill body, extends from several wings of drill body, phase The dise knife that drill body is rotationally connected, and the hydrophthalmia that is arranged on drill body or nozzle, wing is provided with several One group of cutting tooth, the wing cloth flank of tooth arranges recess and cuts tooth in order to fix first group, and dise knife is by dise knife body and is arranged at its outer rim Dise knife tooth forms, it is characterised in that: at least body profiles line of the body profiles line of a wing and at least another one wing There is in the range of collectively covering at least one misaligned region, and at least one coincidence point or overlapping region.

It is applicable to the dise knife formula composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: at least two wings Body profiles line is entirety or the curve of major part evagination, and described each extra curvature convex domain summit is along the radial direction position of drill bit radial direction Put difference.

It is applicable to the dise knife formula composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: at least two wings Body profiles line is between the curve with at least one local crowning, and described curve and is respectively arranged with at least one local crowning along boring Head radially or the most mutually staggers along bit cutting contour line.

It is applicable to the dise knife formula composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: between described curve mutually The local crowning staggered is distributed in the radial zone beyond drill bit three/Radius.

It is applicable to the dise knife formula composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: between described curve mutually The local crowning staggered is distributed in the radial zone within drill bit radially 2/3rds radiuses.

It is applicable to the dise knife formula composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is provided with on described wing At least one proud exposure less than or equal to second group of zero cutting tooth, or at least one dead slot or/and be fixed in dead slot the Two groups of cutting teeth.

7. the dise knife formula composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground as described in any claim in claim 2 to 6, it is characterised in that: It is disposed with at least one proud exposure in overall or most of evagination or wing region corresponding to local crowning on wing body profiles line Second group of cutting tooth less than or equal to zero, or at least one dead slot is or/and second group be fixed in dead slot is cut tooth.

It is applicable to the dise knife formula composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: an at least dise knife Dise knife external edge contour line is the curve with three or more than three local crownings.

It is applicable to the dise knife formula composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: drill body is provided with solely The vertical wheel palm, dise knife is arranged on wheel palm, is rotationally connected with wheel palm formation；Or, the wheel palm is integrally forming with wing, and dise knife sets Put in wing front end or/and rear end；Or, wing offers dise knife groove, dise knife forms bi-lateral support in being arranged on dise knife groove.

Be applicable to the dise knife formula composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: be provided with on dise knife to Few proud exposure second group of cutting tooth less than or equal to zero, or at least one dead slot or/and be fixed in dead slot second Group cutting tooth.