CN116988739B - High-density PDC drill bit with longitudinal teeth distributed - Google Patents
High-density PDC drill bit with longitudinal teeth distributed Download PDFInfo
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- CN116988739B CN116988739B CN202311243469.3A CN202311243469A CN116988739B CN 116988739 B CN116988739 B CN 116988739B CN 202311243469 A CN202311243469 A CN 202311243469A CN 116988739 B CN116988739 B CN 116988739B
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- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 104
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
- E21B10/55—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits with preformed cutting elements
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-density longitudinal tooth-distributing PDC drill bit, which belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, wherein the transitional circle curvature radius of the shoulder part of the crown part of the drill bit body of the high-density longitudinal tooth-distributing PDC drill bit is extremely small, the aggressiveness of the drill bit is emphasized and inner PDC cutting teeth are linearly arranged on the front end surfaces of blades, so that the longitudinal tooth-distributing density of the drill bit is improved, and when the crown part PDC cutting teeth fail, the inner PDC cutting teeth can participate in rock breaking work, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged; in addition, the blades of the high-density longitudinal tooth-distribution PDC drill bit are weakened, so that the contact area between nearby blade materials and rock is reduced when the internal PDC cutting teeth work, the specific bit pressure of the internal PDC cutting teeth is increased, the rock is more easily eaten, the aggressiveness of the internal PDC cutting teeth is increased, the drill bit is ensured to maintain higher mechanical drilling speed for long-time drilling, and the drilling efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-density PDC drill bit with longitudinal teeth distributed, and belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment.
Background
PDC bits are one of the most commonly used rock breaking tools in modern oil and gas drilling and mining. Due to the characteristics of continuity of rotary drilling, high efficiency of a pull-shear rock breaking mechanism and the like, the rotary drill has the remarkable advantages of high mechanical drilling speed, long service life of a drill bit, low drilling cost and the like. PDC bits are also known in the art as fixed-blade bits because they typically have multiple fixed blades. PDC cutters are arranged on these fixed blades for breaking rock. In the radial tooth distribution design of PDC cutting teeth, the envelope curve of the cutting teeth forms a profile curve of the crown of the drill bit, and the full coverage of the bottom of the well is realized. In order to ensure the bottom hole full coverage principle of PDC cutting tooth distribution design, all blade shapes also accord with the profile curve of the bit crown. Thus, the bottom hole shape profile may be considered as a bit crown profile curve with the PDC cutter exposure height as the offset distance. When the drill bit rotates, the cutting teeth close to the outer shoulder are large in rotation radius, long in cutting distance, rapid in abrasion and easy to wear and fail in advance, so that the drill bit is contracted, and the service life of the drill bit and the drilling efficiency are influenced.
The existing design ideas of the tooth arrangement are mostly divided into three types, namely an equal-abrasion principle, an equal-volume principle and a synchronous cutting principle. Essentially, the method prevents the asynchronous failure of the PDC cutting teeth at different positions, thereby improving the utilization rate of the PDC cutting teeth to the greatest extent. When the PDC drill bit cutting teeth fail asynchronously, the bit body at the failure part starts to contact with rock, and the bit body is quickly worn due to the fact that the hardness of the bit body material is far lower than that of the PDC cutting teeth. On one hand, the tooth distribution design of the well bottom full coverage principle is broken, so that the well bottom morphology is not compounded with the design morphology, the stress of a drill bit is more complex, and the rock breaking efficiency is greatly reduced; on the other hand, because the bottom hole appearance becomes irregular more and more, the contact area of bottom hole ridge and bit body becomes larger, bit body pressure-bearing becomes larger, PDC cutting teeth are more difficult to eat into rock, and the blades at the outer shoulder tooth position of ineffectiveness are worn rapidly, thereby causing abnormal wear and even tooth drop of nearby cutting teeth, and finally forming circular cutting, shrinkage or coring phenomena. When the conventional drill bit is in the state, the drill bit can only be forcibly pulled. It follows that even if three principles of conventional tooth layout design are followed, when an abnormal failure occurs in a certain cutting tooth, the negative effect can rapidly spread to the whole drill bit, and the drilling efficiency is affected.
Especially when drilling wells of large size or drilling formations with a high abrasiveness, the drill bit wears more severely. The rate of penetration will be reduced from the start of bit wear, but the wellbore will not immediately shrink because the radial blade size is equal to the designed wellbore size. Along with continuous drilling of the drill bit, the cutting teeth and the blades are continuously worn, but the wear speed of blade materials is far higher than that of the cutting teeth, the blade peripheral materials are gradually abraded along the axial direction of the drill bit, and finally, the radial dimension of the blade is smaller than the design dimension to form a shrinkage phenomenon. The above process still enables rock breaking to achieve drilling, but the rate of penetration is significantly reduced and the footage is limited, and eventually the drill bit fails. If the tripping is implemented in advance, the drill bit cannot be utilized to the maximum extent, the tripping cost is high, the time is long, and the speed and efficiency of drilling are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a high-density longitudinal tooth-distributing PDC drill bit.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a high density is vertical to be arranged tooth PDC drill bit, includes connects and bit body, connect the one end fixed connection of bit body, its characterized in that: the drill bit comprises a drill bit body, and is characterized in that at least two blades are arranged on the drill bit body, a plurality of PDC cutting teeth are arranged on the blades, the PDC cutting teeth are divided into crown PDC cutting teeth and inner PDC cutting teeth, the crown PDC cutting teeth are sequentially arranged on the crowns of the blades along the crown shape, and the inner PDC cutting teeth are linearly distributed and arranged on the front end faces of the blades.
Based on the technical scheme, the invention can also be improved as follows:
further, the inner PDC cutting teeth are linearly distributed in a multi-layer arrangement along a horizontal radial direction, the distance h between adjacent layers of the inner PDC cutting teeth satisfies the relationship h > ((R1+R3)/(R1++2)) and h > ((R2+R3)/(2-R2))/(1/2), wherein R1 and R2 are the radii of two inner PDC cutting teeth adjacent to the same layer, and R3 is the radius of the adjacent inner PDC cutting teeth of the adjacent layer.
Further, the inner PDC cutting teeth are linearly distributed in a multi-layer arrangement along the axial direction of the bit body, the distance h between adjacent layers of the inner PDC cutting teeth satisfies the relationship h > ((R1+R3)/(R1++2)) (1/2) and h > ((R2+R3)/(2-R2)) (1/2), wherein R1 and R2 are the radii of two inner PDC cutting teeth adjacent to the same layer, and R3 is the radius of the adjacent inner PDC cutting teeth of the adjacent layer.
Further, the exposed tooth height hc of the crown PDC cutting tooth ranges fromWherein A is the internal cone angle of the crown of the bit body, rc is the radius of the PDC cutting tooth; the distance d between the circle centers of the internal PDC cutting teeth is 1.2 (R1+R2)<d<2 (R1+R2), wherein R1 and R2 are respectively the radius of two adjacent inner PDC cutting teeth with any same layer, and the total area Sc of the working surfaces of all the inner PDC cutting teeth is in the range ofWherein A is the internal taper angle of the bit body crown, and Sd is the area of the front end face of the blade.
Further, the range of the rake angle a of the internal PDC cutting teeth is 0 degrees < a <25 degrees, and the range of the roll angle b of the internal PDC cutting teeth is 0 degrees less than or equal to b <25 degrees.
Further, the peripheral part of the blade is thinned, and the cutting distance dc of the thinned blade is within the range ofWhere dp is the width value of the corresponding radial position on the original design blade, R is the radius of the bit body, ht is the height of the PDC cutter, and a is the rake angle of the internal PDC cutter.
Further, the blade is set to be a spiral blade, the center of the working surface of the internal PDC cutting tooth on the spiral blade corresponds to the datum point of the front end surface of the spiral blade, and the normal plane of the datum point is the datum plane of the working surface of the internal PDC cutting tooth.
Further, the blade is set to be a straight blade, the inner PDC cutting tooth on the straight blade corresponds to a reference point of the front end face of the straight blade with the circle center of the working face of the PDC cutting tooth, and the front end face of the straight blade is used as a reference plane of the working face of the inner PDC cutting tooth.
Further, the profile shape of the blade is the same as the crown of the bit body, the internal taper angle A of the crown of the bit body ranges from 85 degrees to 90 degrees, and the radius r of the shoulder transition circle curvature of the bit body ranges fromWherein A is the internal taper angle of the crown of the bit body, R is the radius of the bit body, and Rc is the radius of the PDC cutting tooth.
Furthermore, the cutter blade is hollowed out behind the tooth tail part of the internal PDC cutting tooth, and the cutter blade hollowed out is formed by drilling along the axial direction of the drill bit, or by drilling horizontally and radially, or by forming a normal step hole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. this application is through setting up two kinds of cutting structures of crown PDC cutting tooth and inside PDC cutting tooth. Firstly, the principle of equal abrasion is ensured, and the utilization rate of the PDC cutting teeth at the crown is greatly improved. At the same time, when a PDC cutter at a certain position fails first, the inner cutters arranged at the longitudinal position of the PDC cutter start to participate in cutting, and the drill bit body is prevented from being worn continuously. The manner in which rock is broken by the internal PDC cutters is significantly more efficient in cutting teeth breaking than the manner in which rock is broken by the bit body. On the other hand, the hardness of the material of the cutting teeth is far higher than that of the bit body material, and the phenomenon of shrinkage can be effectively prevented.
2. According to the blade weakening design, under the condition of ensuring the safety strength of the blade, the contact area between the blade and rock can be greatly reduced under the condition that the part of the drill bit fails, so that the bit pressure is borne by the internal PDC cutting teeth as much as possible, the internal PDC cutting teeth are beneficial to eating the rock, and the drill bit is kept to be more aggressive; when large-size drilling or drilling is carried out on a stratum with strong abrasive property, the phenomenon of shrinkage can occur after the internal PDC cutting teeth are completely worn and lose efficacy, and the wear resistance and aggressiveness can be kept all the time until the time, so that longer footage is achieved, the drilling efficiency and the service life of a drill bit are improved, and the individuation of tooth shape selection of the internal PDC cutting teeth and the matching of tooth distribution angles can enable the drilling tool to adapt to more strata and complex working conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a high density, longitudinally toothed PDC drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a crown of a high density, longitudinally toothed PDC drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a radial tooth layout design of a high density, longitudinal tooth layout PDC drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top projection profile plot of a helical blade design of a high density, longitudinal tooth-distributed PDC drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the reference planes and rake and camber angles of the internal PDC cutters of a high density, longitudinal, tooth-distributing PDC drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the exposed width of the tail portion of the inner PDC cutter of a high density, longitudinal, tooth-distributing PDC drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the inner PDC cutters of a high density, longitudinal, tooth-distributing PDC drill bit of the present invention in a horizontal, radial, multi-layered, linear arrangement;
FIG. 8 is another schematic illustration of an inner PDC cutter of a high density, longitudinal, tooth-distributing PDC drill bit of the present invention in a horizontal, radial, multi-layered linear arrangement;
FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a high density, longitudinal tooth-distributing PDC drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of a high density, longitudinal tooth-distributing PDC drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a fifth embodiment of a high density, longitudinal tooth-distributing PDC bit of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of a sixth embodiment of a high density, longitudinal tooth-distributing PDC drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic representation of a seventh embodiment of a high density, longitudinal tooth-distributing PDC drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of an eighth embodiment of a high density, longitudinal, toothed PDC bit of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic representation of a high density, longitudinally toothed PDC bit of an embodiment nine of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a joint; 2. a bit body; 3. a blade; 31. a front end face; 32. a rear end face; 33. a helical blade; 34. straight blades; 4. PDC cutting teeth; 41. crown PDC cutting teeth; 42. an inner PDC cutter; 5. a reference plane; 6. a working surface.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, whereby the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
In this embodiment: a is the internal cone angle of the crown of the bit body, R is the radius of curvature of the transition circle of the shoulder of the bit body, R is the radius of the bit body, hc is the exposed tooth height of the PDC cutting tooth of the crown, rc is the radius of the PDC cutting tooth, hw is the exposed tooth width of the tail of the internal PDC cutting tooth, h is the distance between adjacent PDC cutting tooth layers, d is the distance between the circle centers of the internal PDC cutting teeth, ht is the height of the PDC cutting tooth, a is the rake angle of the internal PDC cutting tooth, b is the side rake angle of the internal PDC cutting tooth, dc is the cutting distance of the thinning blade, dp is the width value of the corresponding radial position on the originally designed blade, rk is the radius of the drilling hole, and dk is the distance between the circle centers of the drilling hole.
Note that: the original design blade refers to a blade before the blade is not subjected to thinning treatment; for ease of understanding, only the spiral blades and straight blades are labeled differently in fig. 1, 4, 9, and 10, and the blades not shown in the other figures are straight blades.
As shown in FIG. 1, a high-density longitudinal tooth-distributing PDC drill bit comprises a joint 1 and a drill bit body 2, wherein the joint 1 and the drill bit body 2 are fixedly welded together, four blades 3 are arranged on the drill bit body 2, a plurality of PDC cutting teeth 4 are arranged on the blades 3, the PDC cutting teeth 4 are divided into crown PDC cutting teeth 41 and inner PDC cutting teeth 42, after the crown PDC cutting teeth 41 on the crown profile of the blades 3 are worn or impacted to fail, metal materials on the blades 3 are rapidly worn, and the inner PDC cutting teeth 42 are exposed and are embedded into rocks, so that the drill bit can continue to work until the inner PDC cutting teeth 42 are completely failed, the service life of the drill bit is greatly prolonged, the tripping times are reduced, and the drilling period is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the profile shape of the blade 3 is the same as the crown of the bit body 2, the internal taper angle a of the crown of the bit body 2 ranges from 85 ° to 90 °, and the radius r of the shoulder transition circle curvature of the bit body 2 ranges fromR is the radius of the bit body 2 and Rc is the radius of the PDC cutter 4. The larger the inner cone angle A of the characteristics is, the thicker the core formed during drilling of the drill bit is, the stronger the centering effect on the drill bit is, and therefore the stronger the stability of the drill bit is; however, the larger the inner cone angle A, the longer the crown contour line is relatively, the smaller the specific pressure is, so that the penetration is reduced, and the weaker the bit aggressiveness is, so that the smaller the cone angle is the bit aggressionThe stronger the sex. Similarly, the larger the radius of curvature of the shoulder transition circle, the more stable the bit, and the smaller the radius of curvature of the shoulder transition circle, the more aggressive the bit. And establishing an analytic relation between the inner cone angle and the curvature radius of the shoulder transition circle, so that the range of the curvature radius of the shoulder transition circle can be adaptively changed along with the change of the cone angle, and the aggressiveness and the stability of the drill bit are balanced. For example: when the cone angle is small and the radius of curvature of the shoulder transition circle is small, the aggressiveness of the drill bit is strongest, but instability phenomenon can occur, and the stability of the drill bit can be maintained through analyzing the calculation range of the relational expression.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the crown PDC cutting teeth 41 and the inner PDC cutting teeth 42 are determined according to the arrangement positions of the PDC cutting teeth 4, the crown PDC cutting teeth 41 are sequentially arranged at the crowns of the blades 3 along the crown contours of the blades 3, and the tooth arrangement sequence can be clockwise sequence tooth arrangement, anticlockwise sequence tooth arrangement or disordered sequence tooth arrangement, and all conform to a radial tooth arrangement design diagram and satisfy a well bottom full coverage principle; the crown PDC cutting teeth 41 are cylindrical and the cutting working surface is planar or non-planar, when the working surface is planar, the cylindrical shape is cylindrical or a cylindrical shape formed by stretching a non-regular section, or a table shape with similar end surface areas, and when the working surface is non-planar, the non-planar working surface is a ridge surface structure formed by a plurality of surfaces or is a curved surface or a conical surface; the exposed tooth height hc of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41 ranges fromRc is here the radius of the PDC cutter 4. The above features relate the exposed tooth height to the crown internal taper angle a of the bit body 2, and the exposed tooth heights of the PDC cutting teeth 4 are different according to the difference of aggressiveness of the bit, so that the minimum exposed tooth height is limited when the bit uses a small internal taper angle, the bit is ensured to have stronger aggressiveness, and meanwhile, the maximum exposed tooth height under the condition of the internal taper angle is limited, so that the occurrence of collapse of the PDC cutting teeth 4 due to the excessively high exposed tooth height is avoided.
As shown in fig. 1, 4, 5 and 10, according to the profile curve of the blade 3 projected on the top of the drill bit, the shape of the blade 3 is divided into a straight blade 34 and a spiral blade 33, and the gauge design is equally divided into a straight gauge and a spiral gauge, and the gauge design refers to welding or otherwise fixedly connecting cemented carbide on the outer side of the blade 3, so as to protect the blade. The front end face 31 of the blade 3 is planar only when the blade 3 and the gage are the straight blade 34 and the straight gage, otherwise the front end face 31 of the blade 3 is curved. When the front face 31 of the blade 3 is curved, the reference point for positioning the inner PDC cutter 42 will be on the development plane of the curved front face 31. And the tangential plane corresponding to the reference point position on the curved surface is the reference plane 5 of the working surface 6 of the PDC cutter 4. When straight blades 34 are used, the crown profile length of the bit is shorter and the number of teeth is less, so that the single tooth pressure bearing is greater under the same weight on bit, the rock penetration capacity is greater, and the aggressiveness of the bit is greater. When helical blades 33 are used, the contact between the blades 3 and the borehole wall is greater and continuous, so the stability of the drill bit is greater. Fig. 4 shows the profile of the blade 3 in a top projection of the drill bit with spiral blade 33 design. The front end face 31 of the blade 3 is planar only when the blade 3 is a straight blade 34, otherwise the front end face 31 of the blade 3 is curved. The center of the working face 6 of the PDC cutter 4 corresponds to the reference point of the front end face 31 of the blade 3, and the front end face 31 of the blade is the reference plane 5 of the working face 6 of the PDC cutter 4. When the front face 31 of the blade 3 is curved, the reference point for positioning the inner PDC cutter 42 will be on the development plane of the curved front face 31. And the tangential plane corresponding to the reference point position on the curved surface is the reference plane 5 of the working surface 6 of the PDC cutting tooth 4.
As shown in fig. 1, 5 and 6, the drill bit shown in fig. 1 has a weakened treatment of the blade 3, which is a series of designs or processes that reduce the volume of the blade 3, including but not limited to: thinning the blade 3; and (3) carrying out hollow processing on the blade (3), wherein the hollow of the blade (3) is formed by drilling along the axial direction of the drill bit or by drilling horizontally and radially or by drilling in the normal direction. The normal step hole is formed by multiple sections of different apertures, and penetrates through the whole blade along the normal direction of the working face of the internal PDC cutting tooth. And the maximum diameter section of the normal step hole is used as a tooth hole for installing the internal PDC cutting tooth, and the other aperture sections are used as hollowed holes. The step hole hollowed-out mode can be used for the thinning blade mode, so that the supporting effect of the blade is further weakened, and the aggressiveness of the PDC cutting teeth in the drill bit is enhanced.
Furthermore, the hollow space of the hollow blade can be filled with a weakening material. The weakened material refers to other materials that have a lower strength or hardness or wear resistance than the bit body material. Thus preventing the balling but rapidly wearing away the filling material and maintaining the high aggressiveness of the drill bit.
The processing of the weakening includes, but is not limited to, casting, machining, electro-discharge machining, laser machining. The thinning treatment and the hollowed-out treatment can reduce the contact between the blade 3 and rock, and reduce the bearing effect of the blade 3, so that after the crown PDC cutting teeth 41 are completely worn and failed, the pressure of the drill bit can be mainly born by the inner PDC cutting teeth 42, and the drill bit still maintains stronger aggressiveness. The thinning position is individually designed according to the tooth layout design of the inner PDC cutting teeth 42. The thinning method is to stretch and cut from the rear end face 32 to the front end face 31, the cutting distance dc is in the range ofDp is the width value of the corresponding radial position on the original design blade, ht is the height of the PDC cutter, and a is the rake angle of the inner PDC cutter 42. The thinning treatment processing is convenient, and the internal PDC cutting teeth 42 are tightly wrapped, so that the occurrence of tooth falling accidents can be effectively prevented.
The hollowed-out treatment is divided into four modes of axial drilling, horizontal drilling, axial combined horizontal drilling and normal step holes, all blade 3 materials at the tail end face of the internal PDC cutting tooth 42 are not removed in the hollowed-out treatment, but blade 3 materials at the tail end face of the internal PDC cutting tooth 42 with a certain width are removed, when the hollowed-out mode is the axial drilling, the horizontal drilling and the axial combined horizontal drilling, the exposed width Hw of the tail of the internal PDC cutting tooth 42 is in a range of 0 to be less than or equal to Hw <1.6Rc, and when the tooth holes of the internal PDC cutting tooth 42 are not interfered with the hollowed-out drilling, hw=0. The distance dk between the drill holes ranges from 2Rk < dk < R, where R is the radius of the drill bit and Rk is the radius of the drill hole.
When the hollowed-out mode is a normal stepped hole, the exposed width Hw of the tail part of the internal PDC cutting tooth 42 is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2Rc. The distance Dk between the drilled holes is equal to the distance between the internal PDC cutting teeth, and the hollow processing is complex, so that the PDC cutting teeth 4 can be exposed as much as possible, and the aggressiveness of the internal PDC cutting teeth 42 is further enhanced; it is noted that the drilling of the hollowed out blades 3 may be blocked by the plastic rock causing the inner PDC cutter 42 to become balled up, and thus the hollowed out blades 3 are not suitable for drilling into the plastic rock. Therefore, the hollow space of the hollow blade can be filled with the weakening material. The weakened material refers to other materials that have a lower strength or hardness or wear resistance than the bit body material. Thus preventing the balling but rapidly wearing away the filling material and maintaining the high aggressiveness of the drill bit.
As shown in fig. 1, 5 and 6, when the blade 3 is hollowed out, the hole is drilled along the axial direction of the drill bit. The exposed width Hw of the tail of the internal PDC cutting teeth 42 is in the range of 0 to Hw<1.6Rc. The diameter of the drilled hole is smaller than the width of the blade, and the phenomenon that the drilled hole is interfered with the PDC cutting teeth 4 is avoided. The distance dk between the boreholes ranges from 2Rk<dk<R, wherein R is the radius of the bit body 2; when the blade 3 is hollowed out, the horizontal radial drilling is formed. The exposed width Hw of the tooth tail of the internal PDC cutting tooth 42 ranges from 0 Hw to Hw<1.6Rc. The diameter of the drilled hole is smaller than the width of the blade, and the phenomenon that the drilled hole is interfered with the PDC cutting teeth 4 is avoided. The distance dk between the boreholes ranges from 2Rk<dk<R is R; when the hollow-out of the blade 3 is formed by the horizontal radial drilling and the axial drilling along the drill bit, the total area Sc of the working surface 6 of the internal PDC cutting teeth 42 is in the range ofSd is the area of the front end surface 31 of the blade 3. The diameter of the drilled hole is smaller than the width of the blade 3, and interference phenomenon between the drilled hole and the PDC cutting teeth 4 is avoided. The distance dk between horizontal boreholes ranges from 2Rk<dk<R is R; the distance dk between the holes along the axial direction of the drill bit is in the range of 2Rk<dk<There may be interference conditions between the horizontal radial bore and the axial bore along the drill bit. When the cutter wing hollowed-out is formed by a normal step hole, the exposed width Hw of the tail part of the internal PDC cutting tooth 42 is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2Rc. The maximum diameter section of the normal step hole is used as a tooth hole for installing the internal PDC cutting teeth, and the other aperture sections are used as hollowed holes.
As shown in fig. 1, 5, 7 and 8, the inner PDC cutters 42 are linearly distributed in one layer to a plurality of layers on the front end face 31 of the blade 3, and the inner PDC cutters 42 are linearly distributed in two types, one type is horizontally radially and multiply distributed (see fig. 7), and the other type is axially and multiply distributed along the bit body 2 (see fig. 8), but the distances h between adjacent layers in two types of linearly distributed types satisfy the relation h>((R1+R3)/(R1++2)/(1/2) and h>((R2+R3)/(R2/R2)/(1/2), R1 and R2 are the radii of two inner PDC cutters 42 adjacent to the same layer, and R3 is the radius of the inner PDC cutter 42 of the adjacent layer. The distance d between the centers of the circles of the internal PDC cutting teeth 42 (hereinafter, simply referred to as the center-to-center distance) is 1.2 (R1+R2)<d<2 (r1+r2). The internal PDC cutters 42 are arranged in a high density arrangement, i.e., the total area Sc of the working faces 6 of all internal PDC cutters 42 is in the range ofSd is the area of the front end surface 31 of the blade 3. The center distances of the internal PDC cutters 42 at different levels are the same or different, for example: the center-to-center distance of the inner PDC cutter 42 of one layer is d=1.5 (r1+r2), and the center-to-center distance of the inner PDC cutter 42 of an adjacent layer is d=1.8 (r1+r2). The inner PDC cutters 42 may be provided with different mounting angles, i.e., different rake angles a and camber angles b. The rake angle a of the inner PDC cutter 42 ranges from 0 deg<a<25 °; the internal PDC cutter 42 has a roll angle b in the range of 0 DEG-b<25°。
As shown in FIG. 1, the inner PDC cutter 42 is a non-planar tooth, which is a ridge tooth; the non-planar teeth may also be Benz teeth; the non-planar teeth may also be wedge-shaped teeth; the non-planar teeth may also be cone buttons; in the case of a multi-layer internal PDC cutter 42, the cutter type varies from layer to layer.
Embodiment one: the blades of a high density, longitudinally distributed tooth PDC drill bit shown in FIGS. 1, 5 and 7 are straight blades 34, and the radius R of the bit body 2 is 107.95mm. The internal taper angle a=85° of the crown of the bit body 2, and the radius r=10 mm of the shoulder transition circle curvature of the bit body 2; the exposed tooth height hc of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41 ranges from 0.1RC < hc <0.48Rc, and Rc is the radius of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41; the total area Sc of the working face 6 of the inner PDC cutter 42 = 2376mm2. The blade 3 is a thinning blade, and on the basis of the original design blade 3, the thinning blade is subjected to personalized design (disordered tooth arrangement) according to the tooth arrangement design of the internal PDC cutting teeth 42, and thinning treatment is performed from the diameter to the crown of the blade 3. The thinning method is to stretch and cut from the rear end face 32 to the front end face 31. The cutting distance dc is in the range of 0.3dp, dp being the width value of the corresponding radial position on the original design blade 3, and the width value of the position on the original design blade 3 where the width is maximum being 45mm. The crown PDC cutter 41 is cylindrical and the cutting face 6 is planar. The inner PDC cutters 42 are linearly distributed in a plurality of layers along a horizontal radial direction, the inner PDC cutters 42 being all the same size, the radius Rc being 6.72mm, the distance h=16 mm between adjacent horizons. The rake angle a=15° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42; the side rake angle b=0° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42.
Embodiment two: the blades of a high density, longitudinally distributed tooth PDC bit as shown in fig. 1, 5 and 8 are straight blades 34. The radius R of the bit body 2 is 107.95mm. The internal taper angle a=88° of the crown of the bit body 2, and the radius r=10 mm of the shoulder transition circle curvature of the bit body 2; the exposed tooth height hc of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41 ranges from 0.1RC < hc <0.48Rc, and Rc is the radius of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41; the total area sc=2178 mm2 of the working face 6 of the inner PDC cutter 42. The blade 3 is a thinning blade, and on the basis of the original design blade, the thinning blade is subjected to personalized design according to the tooth arrangement design of the internal PDC cutting teeth 42, and thinning treatment is performed from the diameter to the blade crown. The thinning method is to stretch and cut from the rear end face 32 to the front end face 31. The cutting distance dc is in the range of 0.3dp, dp being the width value of the corresponding radial position on the original design blade 3, and the width value of the position on the original design blade 3 where the width is maximum being 45mm. The crown PDC cutter 41 is cylindrical and the cutting face is planar. Unlike the first embodiment, the inner PDC cutters 42 of this embodiment are linearly distributed in multiple layers along the vertical axis, the inner PDC cutters 42 are all the same size, the radius Rc is 6.72mm, and the distance between adjacent layers h=16 mm. The rake angle a=15° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42; the side rake angle b=0° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42.
Embodiment III: as shown in fig. 5 and 9, the blades of a high density, longitudinally distributed tooth PDC drill bit are straight blades 34. The radius R of the bit body 2 is 107.95mm. The internal taper angle a=90° of the crown of the bit body 2, and the radius r=10 mm of the shoulder transition circle curvature of the bit body 2; the exposed tooth height hc of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41 ranges from 0.1RC < hc <0.48Rc, and Rc is the radius of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41; the total area Sc of the working face 6 of the inner PDC cutter 42 = 2376mm2. The blade 3 is a thinning blade, and on the basis of the original design blade, the thinning blade is subjected to personalized design according to the tooth arrangement design of the internal PDC cutting teeth 42, and thinning treatment is performed from the diameter to the blade crown. The range of the thinning cut-off distance dc is 0.3dp, dp is the width value of the corresponding radial position on the original design blade, and the width value of the position with the largest width on the original design blade is 45mm. The inner PDC cutters 42 are linearly distributed in a plurality of layers along a horizontal radial direction. The inner PDC cutters 42 are all the same size with a radius Rc of 6.72mm and a distance h=16 mm between adjacent horizons. The rake angle a=15° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42; the side rake angle b=0° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42. Unlike the first embodiment, the crown PDC cutter 41 is a ridged tooth.
Embodiment four: as shown in fig. 5 and 10, the first difference from the embodiment is that the blade of a high density, longitudinally toothed PDC bit of this embodiment is a helical blade 33. The radius R of the bit body 2 is 107.95mm, the internal taper angle A of the crown of the bit body 2 is=88°, and the radius R of the shoulder transition circle of the bit body 2 is=10 mm; the exposed tooth height hc of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41 ranges from 0.1RC < hc <0.48Rc, and Rc is the radius of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41; the total area Sc of the working face 6 of the inner PDC cutter 42 = 2376mm2. The blade of this scheme is the thinning blade, and the thinning blade is on the basis of original design blade, carries out individualized design according to the cloth tooth design of inside PDC cutting tooth 42, carries out the thinning processing to blade crown in the diameter-keeping. The thinning method is to stretch and cut from the rear end face 32 to the front end face 31. The range of the cutting distance dc is 0.3dp, dp is the width value of the corresponding radial position on the original design blade, and the width value of the position with the largest width on the original design blade is 45mm. The crown PDC cutter 41 is cylindrical and the cutting face 6 is planar. The inner PDC cutters 42 are linearly distributed in a plurality of layers along a horizontal radial direction. The inner PDC cutters 42 are all the same size with a radius Rc of 6.72mm and a distance h=16 mm between adjacent horizons. The rake angle a=15° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42; the side rake angle b=0° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42.
Fifth embodiment: as shown in fig. 5 and 11, the blades of a high density, longitudinally distributed tooth PDC drill bit are straight blades 34. The radius R of the bit body 2 is 107.95mm, the internal taper angle A of the crown of the bit body 2 is=88°, and the radius R of the shoulder transition circle of the bit body 2 is=8 mm; the exposed tooth height hc of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41 ranges from 0.1RC < hc <0.48Rc, and Rc is the radius of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41; the total area Sc of the working face 6 of the inner PDC cutter 42 = 2376mm2. The crown PDC cutter 41 is cylindrical and the cutting face 6 is planar. The inner PDC cutters 42 are linearly distributed in a plurality of layers along a horizontal radial direction. The inner PDC cutters 42 are all the same size with a radius Rc of 6.72mm and a distance h=16 mm between adjacent horizons. The rake angle a=15° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42; the side rake angle b=0° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42. The difference between this scheme and the first embodiment is that the blade 3 is a hollow blade, the hollow blade is formed by horizontal radial drilling, the radius Rc of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42 is 6.72mm, and the exposed width hw=2mm of the tail of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42. The diameter of the drilling 7 is smaller than the width of the blade, the radius Rk=3 mm of the drilling 7, and the distance dk=18 mm between the circle centers of the drilling 7.
Example six: as shown in fig. 5 and 12, the blades of a high density, longitudinally distributed tooth PDC drill bit are straight blades 34. The radius R of the bit body 2 is 107.95mm, the internal taper angle A of the crown of the bit body 2 is=88°, and the radius R of the shoulder transition circle of the bit body 2 is=10 mm; the exposed tooth height hc of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41 ranges from 0.1RC < hc <0.48Rc, and Rc is the radius of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41; the total area sc=2376 mm2 of the working face 6 of the inner PDC cutter 42, the crown PDC cutter 41 being cylindrical and the cutting working face 6 being planar. The inner PDC cutters 42 are linearly distributed in a plurality of layers along a horizontal radial direction. The inner PDC cutters 42 are all the same size with a radius Rc of 6.72mm and a distance h=16 mm between adjacent horizons. The rake angle a=15° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42; the side rake angle b=0° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42. The difference between this scheme and the first embodiment is that the blade 3 is a hollow blade, the hollow blade is formed by drilling along the axial direction of the bit body 2, the radius Rc of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42 is 6.72mm, and the exposed width hw=2mm of the tail of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42. The diameter of the drilling 7 is smaller than the width of the blade, the radius Rk=3 mm of the drilling 7, and the distance dk=18 mm between the circle centers of the drilling 7.
Embodiment seven: as shown in fig. 5 and 13, the blades of a high density, longitudinally distributed tooth PDC drill bit are straight blades 34. The radius R of the bit body 2 is 107.95mm, the internal taper angle A of the crown of the bit body 2 is=88°, and the radius R of the shoulder transition circle of the bit body 2 is=10 mm; the exposed tooth height hc of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41 ranges from 0.1RC < hc <0.48Rc, and Rc is the radius of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41; the total area Sc of the working face 6 of the inner PDC cutter 42 = 2376mm2. The crown PDC cutter 41 is cylindrical and the cutting face 6 is planar. The inner PDC cutters 42 are linearly distributed in a plurality of layers along a horizontal radial direction. The inner PDC cutters 42 are all the same size with a radius Rc of 6.72mm and a distance h=16 mm between adjacent horizons. The rake angle a=15° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42; the side rake angle b=0° of the inner PDC cutting tooth. The difference between the scheme and the first embodiment is that the blade 3 is a hollow blade, the hollow blade is formed by horizontal radial drilling and drilling along the axial direction of the drill bit, and the drilling diameter is smaller than the width of the blade. The radius rk=4mm of the borehole, and the distance dk=18mm between the centers of the horizontal boreholes. There may be interference conditions between the horizontal radial bore 7 and the axial bore 7 along the drill bit.
The internal PDC cutters 42 of a high density, longitudinally distributed PDC bit of the present invention may be configured with non-planar teeth depending on formation and operating characteristics.
Example eight: as shown in fig. 5 and 14, the blades of a high density, longitudinally distributed tooth PDC drill bit are straight blades 34. The radius R of the bit body 2 is 107.95mm. The internal taper angle a=88° of the crown of the bit body 2, and the radius r=10 mm of the shoulder transition circle curvature of the bit body 2; the exposed tooth height hc of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41 ranges from 0.1RC < hc <0.48Rc, and Rc is the radius of the crown PDC cutting tooth 41; the total area sc=2412 mm2 of the working face 6 of the inner PDC cutter 42. The blade 3 is a thinning blade, and on the basis of the original design blade, the thinning blade is subjected to personalized design according to the tooth arrangement design of the internal PDC cutting teeth 42, and thinning treatment is performed from the diameter to the blade crown. The thinning method is to stretch and cut from the rear end face 32 to the front end face 31. The range of the cutting distance dc is 0.3dp, dp is the width value of the corresponding radial position on the original design blade, and the width value of the position with the largest width on the original design blade is 45mm. The crown PDC cutter 41 is cylindrical and the cutting face 6 is planar. The first difference in this embodiment is that the inner PDC cutters 42 in this embodiment are ridge teeth, the inner PDC cutters 42 are linearly distributed in multiple layers along the horizontal radial direction, the inner PDC cutters 42 are all the same in size, the radius Rc is 6.72mm, and the distance h=16mm between adjacent layers. The rake angle a=10° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42; the side rake angle b=0° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42.
Example nine: as shown in fig. 5 and 15, the blades of a high density, longitudinally distributed tooth PDC drill bit are straight blades 34. The radius R of the bit body 2 is 107.95mm. The internal taper angle a=88° of the crown of the bit body 2, and the radius r=10 mm of the shoulder transition circle curvature of the bit body 2; the exposed tooth height hc of the crown PDC cutter 41 ranges from 0.1RC < hc <0.48Rc, and Rc is the radius of the crown PDC cutter 41. The blade 3 is a thinning blade, and on the basis of the original design blade, the thinning blade is subjected to personalized design according to the tooth arrangement design of the internal PDC cutting teeth 42, and thinning treatment is performed from the diameter to the blade crown. The thinning method is to stretch and cut from the rear end face 32 to the front end face 31. The range of the cutting distance dc is 0.3dp, dp is the width value of the corresponding radial position on the original design blade, and the width value of the position with the largest width on the original design blade is 45mm. The crown PDC cutter 41 is cylindrical and the cutting face 6 is planar. The difference between this solution and the first embodiment is that the inner PDC cutters 42 are linearly distributed in multiple layers along the horizontal radial direction, and the types of cutters between different layers are different, and the planar teeth, the ridge teeth and the triangular teeth are respectively arranged, the inner PDC cutters 42 are all the same in size, the radius Rc is 6.72mm, the total area sc=2025mm2 of the working face 6 of the inner PDC cutters 42, and the distance h=16mm between adjacent layers. The rake angle a=15° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42; the side rake angle b=0° of the inner PDC cutting tooth 42.
Drilling tests were performed on the drill bits obtained in examples one to nine, and the test results of examples 1 to 5 were recorded, to obtain table 1, and the test results of examples 6 to 9 were recorded, to obtain table 2:
TABLE 1 evaluation of characteristics, dimensions and test results of inventive examples 1-5
TABLE 2 evaluation of characteristics, dimensions and test results of inventive examples 6-9
Analysis of experimental results:
1. as can be seen from the first embodiment and table 1, the scheme has the advantages of strong adaptability, capability of coping with most of highly abrasive strata, strong remodelling performance and capability of rapidly performing personalized remodelling according to actual working conditions;
2. as can be seen from the second embodiment, the table 1 and the test results, the lateral abrasion of the drill bit is slower, so that the beneficial effect of the scheme is that the lateral abrasion resistance of the drill bit is enhanced, and the scheme is suitable for the drilling construction operation of directional wells and horizontal wells, therefore, the mode of linearly distributing the internal PDC cutting teeth is linearly distributed in multiple layers along the vertical axial direction, and the lateral abrasion resistance of the drill bit can be effectively enhanced;
3. as can be seen from the third embodiment and table 1, the beneficial effects of the present invention are that the impact resistance of the crown PDC cutting tooth can be improved, the service life of the crown PDC cutting tooth is prolonged, and the duration of the early strong attack of the drill bit is longer, so that the exposed tooth height of the crown PDC cutting tooth in the present invention is described, the service life of the crown PDC cutting tooth can be effectively improved, and the duration of the early strong attack of the drill bit is longer;
4. as can be seen from the fourth embodiment and table 1, the beneficial effects of this solution are that, by the contact characteristic of the helical blade continuously contacting with the well wall, the stability of the drill bit is enhanced, the impact and abrasion are reduced, the impact resistance of the drill bit is improved, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged;
5. as can be seen from the fifth embodiment and table 1, the beneficial effects of this solution are that, after the inner PDC cutting teeth start to work normally, the hole channel formed by drilling reduces the contact area between the blade and the rock, and the weight on bit is mainly borne by the inner PDC cutting teeth, which is beneficial to increasing the aggressiveness of the drill bit, so it is explained that the aggressiveness of the drill bit can be improved by hollowing the blade;
6. as can be seen from the sixth embodiment and table 2, the drill bit has strong aggressivity, and the beneficial effect of the scheme is that after the internal PDC cutting teeth start to work normally, the contact area between the blade and the rock is reduced by the pore canal formed by drilling, and the weight on bit is mainly borne by the internal PDC cutting teeth, thereby being beneficial to increasing the aggressivity of the drill bit, so that the aggressivity of the drill bit can be improved by hollowing the blade;
7. as can be seen from the seventh embodiment and tables 1 and 2, the drill bit has a strong aggressiveness, and the beneficial effect of this scheme is that after the internal PDC cutting teeth start to work normally, the contact area between the blade and the rock is reduced by the pore canal formed by drilling, and the weight on bit is mainly borne by the internal PDC cutting teeth, which is beneficial to increasing the aggressiveness of the drill bit. Compared with the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment, the beneficial effect of the proposal is that the pressure bearing effect of the blade is further weakened, so that the drill bit is more aggressive, but the strength of the drill bit is weakened, and the drill bit is suitable for stratum with smaller impact;
8. as can be seen from the eighth embodiment and table 2, the beneficial effects of this solution are that by arranging the ridge teeth as the inner PDC cutting teeth, the impact resistance of the inner PDC cutting teeth is improved, so that the drill bit is more stable in the drilling process, and on this basis, a smaller rake angle is adopted, so as to increase the rock breaking efficiency of the inner PDC cutting teeth, therefore, it is explained that arranging the ridge teeth as the inner PDC cutting teeth and adopting a smaller rake angle can improve the rock breaking efficiency of the inner PDC cutting teeth;
9. the beneficial effect of the ninth scheme of embodiment lies in that, the inside PDC cutting tooth of multilayer different grade type of this scheme can be according to the wear and tear condition of bottom situation and prediction, further individuation pertinence design, more meticulous distribution drill bit energy improves drill bit life-span and drilling efficiency, and combines table 2 to see, adopts the inside PDC cutting tooth of multilayer different grade type, can guarantee the impact resistance of inside PDC cutting tooth, and can guarantee the life of drill bit.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a high density is vertical to be arranged tooth PDC drill bit, includes joint (1) and bit body (2), the one end fixed connection of joint (1) and bit body (2), its characterized in that: the drill bit comprises a drill bit body (2), wherein at least two blades (3) are arranged on the drill bit body, a plurality of PDC cutting teeth (4) are arranged on the blades (3), the PDC cutting teeth (4) are divided into crown PDC cutting teeth (41) and inner PDC cutting teeth (42), the crown PDC cutting teeth (41) are sequentially arranged on the crowns of the blades (3) along the crown shape, and the inner PDC cutting teeth (42) are linearly distributed and arranged on the front end faces (31) of the blades (3);
the exposed tooth height hc of the crown PDC cutting tooth (41) ranges fromWherein A is the inner cone angle of the crown part of the bit body (2), rc is the radius of the PDC cutting tooth (4); the distance d between the circle centers of the internal PDC cutting teeth (42) is 1.2 (R1+R2)<d<2 (R1+R2), wherein R1 and R2 are each any two inner PDC cuts adjacent to each other in the same layerThe radius of the cutting teeth (42), the total area Sc of the working surfaces (6) of all the internal PDC cutting teeth (42) being in the range ofWherein A is the inner cone angle of the crown of the bit body (2), and Sd is the area of the front end surface (31) of the blade (3).
2. The high density, longitudinal tooth-distribution PDC bit of claim 1, wherein: the inner PDC cutters (42) are linearly distributed in a form of being horizontally and radially distributed in multiple layers, and the distance h between adjacent layers of the inner PDC cutters (42) satisfies the relationship h > ((R1+R3)/(R1 >) 2 (1/2) and h > ((R2+R3)/(2-R2)/(2) (1/2)) where R1 and R2 are the radii of two inner PDC cutters (42) adjacent to the same layer and R3 is the radius of the adjacent inner PDC cutters (42) of the adjacent layer.
3. The high density, longitudinal tooth-distribution PDC bit of claim 1, wherein: the inner PDC cutters (42) are linearly distributed in a multi-layer arrangement along the axial direction of the bit body (2), the distance h between adjacent layers of the inner PDC cutters (42) satisfies the relationship h > ((R1+R3)/(R1 >) 2 (1/2) and h > ((R2+R3)/(2-R2)) (1/2), wherein R1 and R2 are the radius of two inner PDC cutters (42) adjacent to the same layer, and R3 is the radius of the adjacent inner PDC cutters (42) of the adjacent layer.
4. The high density, longitudinal tooth-distribution PDC bit of claim 1, wherein: the range of the rake angle a of the internal PDC cutting teeth (42) is 0< a <25 DEG, and the range of the roll angle b of the internal PDC cutting teeth (42) is 0-b <25 deg.
5. The high density, longitudinal tooth-distribution PDC bit of claim 1, wherein: the peripheral part of the blade (3) is thinned, and the cutting distance dc of the blade (3) is within the range ofWherein dp is the width value of the corresponding radial position on the original design blade (3), the original design blade (3) refers to the blade (3) before thinning, R is the radius of the bit body (2), ht is the height of the PDC cutting teeth (4), and a is the rake angle of the internal PDC cutting teeth (42).
6. The high density, longitudinal tooth-distribution PDC bit of claim 1, wherein: the blade (3) is arranged as a spiral blade (33), the inner PDC cutting teeth (42) on the spiral blade (33) correspond to the datum point of the front end face (31) of the spiral blade (33) by the center of the working face (6) of the inner PDC cutting teeth (42), and the normal plane of the datum point is the datum plane (5) of the working face (6) of the inner PDC cutting teeth (42).
7. The high density, longitudinal tooth-distribution PDC bit of claim 1, wherein: the blade (3) is arranged to be a straight blade (34), the inner PDC cutting teeth (42) on the straight blade (34) are arranged to correspond to the reference point of the front end face (31) of the straight blade (34) by the circle center of the working face (6) of the PDC cutting teeth (4), and the front end face (31) of the straight blade (34) is used as the reference plane (5) of the working face (6) of the inner PDC cutting teeth (42).
8. The high density, longitudinal tooth-distribution PDC bit of claim 1, wherein: the profile shape of the blade (3) is the same as that of the crown part of the bit body (2), the range of an inner cone angle A of the crown part of the bit body (2) is 85-90 degrees, and the range of the radius r of the shoulder transition circle curvature of the bit body (2) isWherein A is the inner cone angle of the crown of the bit body (2), R is the radius of the bit body (2), and Rc is the radius of the PDC cutting tooth (4).
9. The high density, longitudinal tooth-distribution PDC bit of claim 1, wherein: the cutter blade (3) is subjected to hollowed-out treatment behind the tail part of the internal PDC cutting tooth (42), and the hollowed-out part of the cutter blade (3) is formed by drilling along the axial direction of the drill bit, or by drilling horizontally and radially or by forming a normal step hole.
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