WO2022227731A1

WO2022227731A1 - Diamond drill bit having self-adaptive cushioning module

Info

Publication number: WO2022227731A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/073439
Authority: WO
Inventors: 杨迎新; 牛世伟; 任海涛; 张灯; 张春亮; 李扬
Original assignee: 西南石油大学; 成都为一石油科技有限公司
Priority date: 2021-04-30
Filing date: 2022-01-24
Publication date: 2022-11-03
Also published as: CN113187402A

Abstract

A diamond drill bit having a self-adaptive cushioning module. The diamond drill bit specifically comprises blades (1) and cutting teeth (2); at least one cushioning module (3) is provided on a drill bit (910), the cushioning module (3) is rotatably connected to a drill bit body (912), and a cushioning portion of the cushioning module (3) is eccentrically provided with respect to a rotation axis of the cushioning module (3); the cushioning module (3) interacts with rock to achieve, in a rotating manner, the contraction and extension trend movement of the cushioning portion on the cushioning module (3) with respect to the cutting teeth (2). According to the solution, under the working conditions of guide drilling, composite drilling and other complex movement or under the conditions of drilling in a hard stratum and an uneven stratum, the cushioning portion performs extension trend movement when the cutting teeth of the blades are subjected to impact loads, so as to achieve the purposes of absorbing the impact loads and reducing or avoiding impact damage of the cutting teeth; moreover, in a stable rock breaking process of the drill bit, the cushioning portion performs the contraction trend movement, the influence of the cushioning portion on the invasion depth of the cutting teeth of the blades is reduced or avoided, and the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit is guaranteed.

Description

A diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical equipment field of oil and natural gas drilling engineering, mining engineering, construction foundation engineering drilling construction, geological drilling, geothermal drilling, hydrological drilling, tunnel engineering, shield tunneling and trenchless engineering, in particular to a Modules for diamond drills.

Background technique

Rock breaking is the fundamental problem of drilling. Mechanical rock breaking is still the main operation method in oil and gas drilling at this stage. The drill bit is a rock breaking tool used to break the rock and form a wellbore. The drill bit plays an irreplaceable role in drilling engineering as the absolute main force. PDC bits are the most commonly used. The roller cone bit relies on the extrusion of the teeth on the bottom hole rock to generate lateral pressure, and the lateral pressure forms shear force. After the rock reaches the shear strength, it breaks and fails. In this process, the transmission and transformation of energy reduces its utilization rate. . PDC bits are gradually replacing roller cone bits in soft to medium hard formations by virtue of their efficient shearing method. In particular, the rapid progress of cutting tooth material technology, basic theory of drill bits, and bit design technology has broadened the formation adaptability of PDC bits, and the proportion of PDC bits in the total footage of oil and gas drilling has increased from 5% in the 1880s. to 90%.

Fixed cutter bits represented by PDC bits usually have several blades, and the blades are provided with a plurality of cutters along the radial direction of the bit (for PDC bits, the cutters are mainly polycrystalline diamond composite sheets, referred to as composite sheets for short). or PDC teeth). According to data, the deep complex formation, which only accounts for 20% of the total footage, spends 80% of the total cost of the entire drilling cycle. Difficult-to-drill strata mainly refer to the poor drillability of the stratum, which is manifested by high rock hardness, high inhomogeneity, strong abrasiveness, and high temperature. These rock properties may have various complex combinations and changes, and are generally unpredictable, especially in the deep formations of deep and ultra-deep wells. The drill bit has a short drilling life in complex and difficult-to-drill formations, consumes more drill bits, and causes frequent trips and trips, which has become one of the technical bottlenecks restricting the cost reduction and efficiency increase of drilling engineering.

During the drilling process, the cutting teeth of the PDC bit overcome the ground stress and eat into the formation under the action of the WOB, and shear and break the formation material under the drive of torque. Compared with the rock breaking method of impact rolling of the roller cone bit, the required driving torque is larger. When drilling into deep and difficult-to-drill strata, especially when encountering soft and hard staggered, gravel-bearing strata, the depth of the drill bit entering the stratum frequently changes, and the drill bit vibrates violently in the circumferential, lateral and axial directions. At this time, the cutting teeth of the drill bit are subjected to large circumferential and axial impact loads, resulting in chipping of the drill bit, damage, breakage of the drill tool, and damage to other downhole tools and measuring instruments, which seriously affects the drilling efficiency. In particular, the cutters in the outer third of the drill are more susceptible to damage due to the high linear velocity. When the cutting teeth of the PDC bit are worn, in order to maintain a certain ROP, the WOB is often increased, and the torque is particularly sensitive to the WOB. With the increase of the WOB, the torque increases, which makes the working condition of the drill bit worse. , the drill is more prone to failure. How to increase the working life of PDC bit in deep and difficult-to-drill formations and reduce the sensitivity of bit torque to WOB is an important technical problem to prolong the service life of downhole drilling tools and drill bits and improve drilling efficiency.

To this end, researchers in the field have begun to try to set a buffer structure on the drill bit, such as a diamond drill bit suitable for hard formation drilling (application number: 201810138571.X), which proposes to extend a buffer base in front of the blade. , A buffer element is arranged on the buffer base, which can effectively reduce the circumferential span and reduce the circumferential impact vibration when drilling complex and difficult-to-drill formations. To impact, play the role of protecting the PDC teeth. However, the buffer element in this patent is a fixed buffer element, and the relative height between the buffer element and the diamond teeth is a fixed value. The fixed buffer element has a narrow stratum adaptation range. For strata with complex and changeable lithology, especially from hard strata When drilling into soft formations, the fixed buffer element will reduce the entry capacity of the diamond teeth and reduce the rate of penetration of the drill bit.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to: in view of the above-mentioned problems, provide a diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module, to solve the problem that the drill bit is difficult to drill in complex and difficult to drill strata, complex vibration, especially directional drilling, compound drilling and other working conditions. The problem of rapid failure of cutting teeth due to impact, in order to protect the cutting teeth, thereby prolonging the service life of the drill bit. In particular, it solves the problems of insufficient impact resistance of the existing PDC bit, large torque fluctuation and poor directional drilling performance in directional drilling.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module, comprising a bit body and a blade extending from the bit body, the blade is provided with cutting teeth, at least one buffer module is arranged on the bit, the buffer module and the bit body are provided Rotating connection, the buffer part of the buffer module is eccentrically arranged relative to the rotation axis of the buffer module;

When the buffer part of the buffer module in the initial position bears the impact force from the formation rock, the buffer part absorbs the impact load, reduces the impact force of the blade cutting teeth, and acts as a buffer for the cutting teeth;

The buffer part of the buffer module is under the action of the force in contact with the bottom hole rock, and rotates relative to the cutter teeth to perform a shrinking trend movement, so as to reduce or avoid the impact of the buffer module on the intrusion depth of the cutter teeth;

When the buffer part of the buffer module is out of contact with the bottom hole rock or when the contact resistance torque is less than the reset torque, under the action of the reset mechanism, the buffer part rotates to the initial position of the buffer part in a rotational manner, so as to realize the protruding tendency relative to the cutting teeth. Movement, the position of the buffer portion relative to the cutting teeth is raised, which plays a buffering role for the subsequent impact of the cutting teeth. There are two types of reset mechanisms: one uses a spring as an energy storage element, and the buffer part performs reset motion under the drive of spring force or torque. The other is a hydraulic reset structure or a hydraulic reset device. The hydraulic reset device has two structural types, one is a linear reciprocating motion reset structure, and the other is a rotary reset structure. The hydraulic reset structure usually also requires a spring to provide reset driving force or torque. The hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic reset structure is provided with a small-diameter one-way valve and a large-diameter one-way valve. During the buffering process of the buffer part, the small-diameter one-way valve is opened. , The large aperture one-way valve is closed, and the liquid stroke resistance is large, which can achieve a better buffer effect. During the reset stroke, the large-diameter one-way valve is opened, the liquid resistance is small, and rapid reset can be achieved.

In the above scheme, the relative height between the buffer module and the bit cutting teeth is adjusted according to the formation conditions, so as to reduce the premature failure of the cutting teeth caused by impact or vibration, and enhance the working life of the bit when drilling in hard formations. When advancing, the buffer module will not affect the penetration ability and cutting efficiency of the drill cutter like the fixed buffer section.

Preferably, the buffer module is arranged on the blade and is rotatably connected with the blade.

Preferably, when the buffer module is in the initial position, the height difference H between the highest point of the buffer part of the buffer module and the highest point of the cutting tooth edge is: -D≤H≤D, where D is the diameter of the cutting tooth.

Preferably, the buffer module includes a rotating body and buffer teeth, the rotating body is rotatably installed in the base hole of the blade, and the buffer teeth are eccentrically arranged relative to the rotation axis of the rotating body to form a buffer portion, the The rotating body is connected with a reset mechanism arranged on the drill bit, so that the buffer module can be automatically reset after being rotated by an external force and when the external force disappears.

Preferably, the buffer teeth are inlaid and fixed on the rotating body, or the buffer teeth are rotatably connected to the rotating body, or the buffer teeth and the rotating body are integrally formed.

In the above scheme, the buffer teeth can be fixed on the rotating body by means of interference fit, welding, screw connection, etc., and different types of buffer teeth can be easily replaced according to the formation conditions and the needs of the drill bit structure; the buffer teeth can also be used with the rotating body. Integrated structure design, easy to process; the buffer teeth are connected by rotation on the rotating body, which can reduce the friction between the buffer teeth and the rock, reduce the wear rate of the buffer teeth, and prolong the service life of the buffer module.

Preferably, the buffer teeth are spherical teeth, wedge teeth, conical teeth or PDC teeth.

Preferably, a wear-resistant layer is provided on the surface of the buffer teeth.

In the above solution, the wear-resistant layer can increase the wear resistance of the buffer teeth and improve the service life of the buffer teeth.

Preferably, a casing is provided between the rotating body and the base hole, the casing is fixed on the blade, the rotating body is installed in the casing, and the rotating body and the casing are rotatably connected.

Preferably, the buffer module is installed on a drill bit in which the PDC cutting structure is combined with other cutting structures including the movable cutting structure.

In the above solution, other movable rock-breaking structures may be roller-cone rock-breaking structures, disc cutter rock-breaking structures, impact rock-breaking structures, or a combination of at least two rock-breaking structures therebetween. According to different formation conditions and drilling process parameters, different cutting structure combinations are selected to enhance the adaptability of the drill bit in specific formations.

Preferably, the size range of the forward inclination angle of the buffer module is 0°<α≤60°, and the value range of the deflection angle is -60°≤β≤60°.

In the above solution, since the buffer module has a certain inclination angle and the buffer teeth are eccentrically arranged with respect to the axis of the rotating body, the buffer module as a whole presents a state in which one side is high and the other side is low. When the drill bit is initially drilling, due to the friction between the rock and the buffer teeth, the buffer teeth and the rotating body rotate around the axis of the rotating body from the free state, that is, the buffer teeth move from the free state on the lowest side to the highest side, and the reset mechanism accumulates energy at the same time . When the drill bit encounters an inhomogeneous stratum or a brittle stratum, the drill bit jumps up, and the friction between the buffer part of the buffer module and the stratum is reduced, that is, the rotational torque provided by the friction force is lower than the reset torque provided by the reset mechanism. The reset mechanism releases the accumulated elastic energy, so that the rotating body and the buffer teeth are rotated to a free state, and the relative height between the buffer teeth and the fixed cutting teeth of the drill bit is reduced. When the drill bit falls to the bottom of the hole, the buffer teeth can absorb the impact force generated when the drill bit returns to the wheel, so as to achieve the effect of buffering and avoid the situation that the cutting depth of the drill bit cutting teeth is too large instantaneously. After that, when the drill bit is drilling normally, the reset mechanism drives the rotating body to rotate under the friction of the rock, and the buffer teeth have a process of retracting into the knife wing relative to the bit blade, and the reset mechanism re-accumulates energy, and so on. , the self-adaptive adjustment of the cutting depth of the drill cutter is realized.

Preferably, the reset mechanism is a torsion spring.

In the above scheme, the torsion spring is used as the reset mechanism after the rotating body is rotated under force. During the rotation of the rotating body, the torsion spring is used to store energy, and the characteristic that the resistance of the torsion spring increases with the increase of deformation is fully utilized to improve the buffer effect. And after the force disappears, it can be quickly reset to prepare for the next shock relief.

Preferably, the rotating body of the buffer module performs telescopic movement along the axial direction while rotating.

In the above scheme, the axial expansion and contraction of the buffer module is used to realize the automatic adjustment of the relative height between the buffer teeth and the cutting teeth according to the nature of the formation and the working state of the cutting teeth, so as to absorb the drilling pressure when the drill bit hits the bottom hole and avoid the cutting teeth Damage caused by impact, the purpose of prolonging the working life of the drill bit.

Preferably, the rotating body is provided with a helical groove, and a protrusion corresponding to the helical groove is provided on the axial movement path of the rotating body.

In the above solution, through the arrangement of the helical groove on the rotating body, the degree of strict requirements on the installation angle of the buffer module on the blade wing is reduced, which facilitates the processing of the drill bit. During normal drilling, when the buffer teeth rotate under the friction of the rock at the bottom of the well, it drives the rotation of the rotor, and the rotor can climb along the spiral groove while rotating, thereby reducing the protrusion of the buffer teeth. At the same time, due to the setting of the reset mechanism, the rotation of the rotating body can make the reset mechanism store energy. When the drill bit bounces when drilling into an inhomogeneous or brittle formation, the friction between the buffer teeth and the formation rock is reduced, and the energy accumulated by the reset mechanism makes the rotor rotate in the opposite direction and move along the orbit of the spiral groove, extending the When the output increases, when the drill bit falls to the bottom of the hole, the buffer teeth can absorb the impact force generated when the drill bit returns to the wheel, so as to achieve the effect of buffering and avoid the situation that the cutting depth of the drill bit cutting teeth is too large instantaneously. After that, when the drill bit is drilling normally, the buffer teeth drive the rotating body to rotate under the friction of the rock, the relative height of the buffer teeth and the cutting teeth is reduced, and the reset mechanism stores energy again. adaptive adjustment.

Preferably, the reset mechanism is a torsion spring, a compression spring or a hydraulic reset structure.

In the above solution, the quick reset of the buffer module can be realized by using the torsion spring, the compression spring or the hydraulic reset structure.

Preferably, motion and force/torque can be transmitted between the reset mechanism and the buffer portion through a gear mechanism (including a rack-and-pinion mechanism, a bevel gear mechanism, etc.), a coupling, a chain drive and other transmission mechanisms.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The buffer module on the drill bit can automatically adjust the height between the cutting teeth and the cutting teeth. During normal drilling, it does not affect the intrusion ability of the cutting teeth and maintains a faster mechanical ROP; when the drill bit is subjected to impact load, the buffer module buffers The drill bit can quickly return to the original position, effectively absorb the impact load of the drill bit, avoid the cutting teeth failure caused by the large impact of the drill bit, and prolong the life of the drill bit.

2. During the drilling process of directional wells, the drill bit works in a similar way to milling, and each blade of the drill bit acts on the formation rock in turn. In this way, because on the side where the drill bit interacts with the rock, the buffer part of this structure cannot play an effective contact role with the rock, and it is difficult to play a buffer role. However, the buffer module mentioned in this patent can adjust the relative height with the cutting teeth in a rotational manner through friction with the rock, and can play an effective buffer role in directional well drilling.

3. In addition to revolving around the axis of the buffer module, the buffer tooth can also rotate around its own axis, which can reduce the friction between the buffer tooth and the formation and prolong the service life of the buffer module.

Description of drawings

The invention will be described by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive buffer module provided by the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the definition of the lateral rotation angle and the forward inclination angle of the buffer module.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working position of the buffer module in Embodiment 1. FIG.

FIG. 5 is another schematic diagram of the working position of the buffer module in Embodiment 1. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the change of the lever arm of the buffer tooth.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the working attitude of the drill bit in directional drilling.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the span of the bit blade in directional drilling.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of installing PDC teeth on the buffer module.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the flat insert structure of the buffer teeth as spherical PDC teeth.

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer teeth as insert teeth.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing that the secondary buffer portion is a convex ring.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the buffer module on the blade relative to the cutting teeth.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the buffer module installed on the extension support of the blade.

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the blade extension support being a cantilever beam.

16 is a schematic diagram of a connecting body in which the blade extension support is two adjacent blade blades.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a rock-breaking structure with a disk cutter as the movable structure.

Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the movable structure being an impact rock breaking structure.

Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the movable structure being the rock-breaking structure of the roller.

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer teeth that can freely rotate relative to the rotating body.

FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of the buffer module provided in Embodiment 2. FIG.

FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of the buffer module provided in Embodiment 3. FIG.

FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of the buffer module provided in Embodiment 4. FIG.

FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of the buffer module provided in Embodiment 5. FIG.

FIG. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of the buffer module with hydraulic reset function provided in Embodiment 6. FIG.

FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of the buffer module provided in Embodiment 7. FIG.

FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of the buffer module provided in Embodiment 8. FIG.

FIG. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of a buffer module with gear-rack meshing.

Among them, 91 is the center line of the drill bit, 911 is the center line of the wellbore, 1 is the blade, 10 is the inner flow channel of the blade, 11 is the base hole, 101 is the first blade, 102 is the second blade, and 103 is the third blade Blade, 104 is the fourth blade, 105 is the fifth blade, 106 is the fixed buffer module, 110 is the blade extension support, 2 is the cutting tooth, 3 is the buffer module, 301 is the shell, 302 is the rotating body , 3021 is the outer cover, 3022 is the rotating support seat, 3023 is the screw, 3024 is the wear-resistant support, 303 is the reset mechanism, 304 is the buffer tooth, 3041 is the secondary buffer portion, 305 is the ball, and 306 is the direction reference line, 307 is a spiral groove, 308 is a protrusion, 309 is a cavity, 310 is a sealing ring, 311 is the rotation axis of the buffer module, 5 is a hydraulic device, 501 is the first chamber, 502 is the second chamber, and 503 is the middle Valve seat, 504 is the first check valve (small bore check valve), 505 is the second check valve (large bore check valve), 506 is the energy storage element, 507 is the reset piston, 508 is the gear, and 509 is the valve seat. Rack, 6 is the disc cutter rock breaking structure, 7 is the impact rock breaking structure, 8 is the roller rock breaking structure, 9 is the curved screw, 910 is the drill bit, and 912 is the drill bit body.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict.

It should be noted that like numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent figures.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the indicated azimuth or positional relationship is based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the azimuth or positional relationship that the product of the invention is usually placed in use, or the present invention. Orientation or positional relationship that is commonly understood by those skilled in the art, or the orientation or positional relationship that the product of the invention is commonly placed in use, is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must be It has a specific orientation, is constructed and operates in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to differentiate the description, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "arrangement" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrally connected; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood under specific circumstances; the accompanying drawings in the embodiments are used to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.

Example 1

The present invention provides a diamond drill with an adaptive buffer module, comprising a drill body 912 and a blade 1 extending from the drill body 912 , the blade 1 is provided with cutting teeth 2 , and at least one buffer is provided on the drill 910 Module 3 . The buffer module 3 is rotatably connected to the drill bit body 912 , and the buffer portion of the buffer module 3 is eccentrically arranged relative to the rotation axis of the buffer module 3 .

When the buffer part of the buffer module 3 in the initial position bears the impact force from the formation rock, the buffer part absorbs the impact load, reduces the impact force of the blade cutting teeth 2 , and acts as a buffer for the cutting teeth 2 .

The buffer part of the buffer module 3 is subjected to the force of contact with the bottom hole rock, and rotates relative to the cutter 2 in a shrinking trend to reduce or avoid the impact of the buffer module 3 on the intrusion depth of the cutter 2 .

When the buffer part of the buffer module 3 is out of contact with the bottom hole rock or when the contact resistance torque is smaller than the reset torque, under the action of the reset mechanism 303, it rotates to the initial position of the buffer part in a rotational manner, so as to realize the movement relative to the cutting teeth 2. The extension trend moves, and the position of the buffer portion relative to the cutting teeth is raised, which plays a buffering role for the subsequent impact of the cutting teeth 2.

As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a schematic structural diagram of a drill bit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 , the buffer module 3 includes a rotating body 302 and a buffer tooth 304 , a wear-resistant layer is provided on the surface of the buffer tooth 304 , and the rotating body 302 is rotatably mounted on the knife In the base hole 11 of the wing 1, a casing 301 is arranged between the rotating body 302 and the base hole 11, the casing 301 is fixed on the blade 1, and the rotating body 302 is installed in the casing 301 , the rotating body 302 forms a rotational connection with the housing 301, the reset mechanism 303 is arranged between the housing 301 and the rotating body 302, and the rotating body 302 is connected with the reset mechanism 303 arranged in the housing 301 to After the buffer module 3 is rotated by external force and automatically reset when the external force disappears, the buffer teeth 304 are eccentrically arranged relative to the rotation axis of the rotating body 302 to form a buffer part, that is, the highest point of the buffer teeth is not on the axis of the rotating body .

As shown in FIG. 4 , the reset mechanism 303 between the housing 301 and the rotating body 302 is a torsion spring, and the housing 301 and the rotating body 302 are fixed in the axial direction through balls 305 .

When the drill bit as a whole is not in contact with the rock, the position of the buffer module is called the initial position. When the buffer module 3 is in the initial position, the distance between the highest point of the buffer part of the buffer module 3 and the highest point of the tooth edge of the cutting tooth 2 The height difference H is: -D≤H≤D, where D is the diameter of the cutting tooth 2 .

Among them, several concepts are defined by the posture of the buffer module at the initial position, specifically:

In the initial position, the relative height H between the buffer tooth 304 and the cutting tooth 2 can be in three ways, namely: the buffer tooth 304 is higher than the cutting tooth 2, the buffer tooth 304 is flush with the cutting tooth 2, and the buffer tooth 304 is lower than the cutting tooth 2. As shown in FIG. 4 , the buffer teeth 304 are arranged higher than the cutting teeth 2 .

As shown in Fig. 2, O is the center point of the drill bit, O1 is the positioning center point of the buffer module 3, and O2 is the center point of the buffer portion. Assuming that there is a cutting plane on the drill bit that passes through the axis of the drill bit and a point on the bit, this plane is called the axis plane or axial plane passing through that point. Then, as shown in FIG. 3 , in the axial plane passing through the center point O1 of the buffer module 3 , the normal line of the outline of the drill bit crown passing through the center point O1 of the buffer module is called the direction reference line 306 of the buffer module.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the included angle between the direction reference line 306 of the buffer module 3 and the center line 91 of the drill bit is called the normal angle γ of the buffer module 3 , and the symbol of the normal angle γ is positive in the direction shown in the figure. is negative. The angle between the rotation axis 311 of the buffer module 3 and the direction reference line 306 is called the deflection angle β of the buffer module, and the value range of β is -60°≤β≤60°.

3, viewed from the direction A, the angle between the rotation axis 311 of the buffer module 3 and the direction reference line 306 is called the front inclination angle of the buffer module. The range of the inclination angle is 0°<α ≤60°.

Referring to FIG. 2 , a straight line O1M is formed by connecting the center point O of the drill bit and the center point O1 of the buffer module 3, and a vertical line O1N of O1M is made through the point O1, and the direction of O1N is the same as the rotation direction of the drill bit. Connecting the center point O1 of the buffer module 3 and the center point O2 of the buffer tooth 304 , the angle between the lines O102 and O1N is defined as the working angle K of the buffer module 3 . The value range of K is 0°<K≤180°.

It should be noted that, according to the structural design requirements of the buffer module 3, the buffer module 3 can be rotated clockwise around the O1 point in the direction shown in the figure, or can be rotated counterclockwise around the O1 point in the direction shown in the figure, whether it is clockwise or counterclockwise. Clockwise rotation, the positive value of K is consistent with the rotation direction of the buffer module 3.

4 and 5 , when the drill bit is in contact with the rock at the bottom of the hole, the cutting teeth 2 scrape the rock, and the eccentric buffer teeth 304 installed on the buffer module 3 rub against the rock. On the body 302, under the action of the friction force, the buffer teeth 304 rotate, which drives the rotating body 302 to rotate. The buffer module 3 has a forward inclination angle α when installed. Therefore, when the rotating body 302 rotates, the height between the buffer teeth 304 and the cutting teeth 2 changes, and at the same time, the rotation of the rotating body 302 drives the torsion spring to rotate and causes the torsion spring to accumulate elasticity can. During normal drilling, the buffer teeth 304 rotate to the position K under the friction of the formation rock, such as the position of the buffer module 3 on the blade 1 in FIG. 1 . At this time, the cutting teeth 2 bear most of the drilling pressure, while the buffer teeth 304 hardly bear the drilling pressure. The cutting teeth 2 have a relatively deep penetration depth and have relatively high rock-cutting ability, and the drill bit has a faster ROP. When the drill bit encounters a heterogeneous stratum or a relatively brittle stratum, the drill bit produces shock vibration in the axial direction and jumps up and down. When the drill bit jumps up along the wellbore, the buffer teeth 304 tend to be separated from the bottom of the well, the friction between the buffer teeth 304 and the rock is reduced, the elastic energy accumulated by the torsion spring is released, and the rotor 302 rotates from the position K to the free state position. That is, the buffer teeth 304 tend to protrude relative to the cutting teeth 2 . The impact energy or impact load generated when the drill bit falls back can be absorbed by the extended buffer teeth 304, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the impact load of the cutting teeth 2, protecting the cutting teeth and prolonging the life of the cutting teeth.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6 , the initial position of the buffer teeth 304 is L, and the moment arm L between the buffer teeth 304 and the center of the buffer module is L, and the moment arm L increases gradually with the rotation of the buffer teeth 304 . As the force arm L increases gradually, the friction force between the buffer teeth 304 and the rock on the center of the buffer module tends to increase from small to large, so that the rotation speed of the buffer teeth 304 correspondingly changes from slow to fast. When the buffer tooth 304 returns to its original position to play a buffering role, due to the slow initial rotation speed of the buffer tooth 304, the buffering effect will not disappear immediately, and the buffering effect will last for a certain period of time. It does not affect the normal intrusion scraping of the cutting teeth 2.

In particular, during the directional drilling process, the movement posture of the drill bit is shown in FIG. 7 . Since the upper part of the drill bit 910 is provided with a curved screw 9, the center line 91 of the drill bit does not coincide with the center line 911 of the wellbore, and there is an included angle ε between the _two . The revolution speed ω ₁ of 911, at this time, the diameter of the wellbore is larger than that of the drill bit. Due to the expansion of the diameter of the wellbore, during directional drilling, only one side of the drill bit 91 is in contact with the wellbore wall, and there is a situation where the bit blade 1 cuts the wellbore wall in turn, as shown in FIG. 8 . When switching from one blade contacting the well wall to another blade contacting the well wall, since there is a certain span S between adjacent blades, the drill bit 91 will be subjected to the impact load during the switching of the blade 1 . Shock loads can easily lead to rapid failure of the external cutters of the drill. However, in order to increase the build-up effect, the lateral cutting capability of the drill cannot be reduced. Therefore, adding the buffer module in the present application to the drill bit can reduce the impact during the switching of the blade, without affecting the sidecutting ability of the cutting teeth after the impact.

Therefore, the working process of the buffer module can be divided into three stages:

The first is the buffer stage, that is, the initial stage when the blade is impacted. At this time, the buffer part is at the initial position, and the initial stage of starting to rotate to a low position (the height of the buffer part drops less), in this stage, the contact area between the buffer part and the bottom hole rock is large, and it can play a better buffer effect.

The second is the stage of sharp reduction of the buffering effect (or limiting eating effect). In this stage, the buffer is in the middle and late stages of rotation to the lowest position, and the effect of limiting the depth of eating is significantly reduced until it reaches the lowest position. The third is the stabilization stage. At this time, the buffer part is at the lowest position, the effect of limiting the depth of eating is the weakest, and the corresponding blade is in the stable cutting stage.

The third is the reset phase. The cutting depth of the blade cutting teeth gradually decreases, and the buffer part gradually moves in the direction of being out of contact with the bottom of the well. At this time, the buffer part is quickly reset under the action of the torsion spring.

Further, the cutting teeth 2 can be PDC teeth (polycrystalline diamond compact discs), TSP teeth (thermally stable diamond polycrystalline wafers), ridge teeth, impregnated horizontal teeth with micro-cutting function, and other non-planar diamond cutting teeth. , Materials include synthetic diamond, natural diamond, impregnated diamond, cemented carbide, cubic boron nitride, ceramics, etc.

The buffer teeth 304 on the rotating body 302 are spherical teeth, conical teeth, wedge teeth, PDC teeth and the like. As shown in FIG. 9 , it is a schematic structural diagram in which the buffer teeth 304 are conventional PDC teeth. The size of the PDC teeth can be large-sized PDC teeth, such as teeth with a diameter greater than 23 mm. When using conventional PDC teeth as buffer teeth, there are two installation methods for the rake angle Q of the cutting teeth: the first is that Q is 0°, the PDC teeth with this rake angle method, the entire side of the tooth column can be in contact with the rock. , the contact area is large, and it can withstand greater impact loads. The second is that Q takes a larger rake angle than the cutting teeth 2 on the blade 1. If it is greater than 30°, the larger the rake angle, the larger the contact area between the diamond tooth surface and the rock. First, the impact contact area can be increased. Second, It uses the characteristics of strong wear resistance of the diamond layer to prolong the life of the buffer teeth.

The buffer teeth 304 can also be installed in the form of spherical PDC teeth flat inserts, as shown in Figure 10, which makes full use of the wear resistance of diamond and the blunt characteristics of spherical teeth, and has a strong ability to absorb shock loads and further improves wear resistance. According to the demand for the buffering effect, the buffer teeth 304 can also be flat-inserted with tapered-ball PDC teeth or pointed-conical PDC teeth.

The buffer teeth 304 can be fixed on the rotating body by means of interference fit, welding, screw connection, etc. As shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 , in addition to the buffer teeth 304 , the rotor 302 also has a secondary buffer portion 3041 , and the secondary buffer portion 3041 is a spherical tooth, a conical tooth, a wedge tooth, a PDC tooth, etc. , the secondary buffer portion 3041 in FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of spherical teeth. The secondary buffer portion 3041 can be fixed on the rotating body by means of interference fit, welding, screw connection and the like. The secondary buffer portion 3041 may also be other irregular annular bosses, as shown in FIG. 12 . Here, the highest point of the secondary buffer portion 3041 is lower than the highest point of the buffer teeth 304 . When the cutting depth of the cutting teeth 2 is too large, the buffering effect of the buffering teeth 304 is weak, and the addition of the secondary buffering portion 3041 in this solution can assist in enhancing the buffering effect of the buffering module.

For the installation position of the buffer module on the drill bit, the buffer module can be installed on the blade where the cutting teeth are located, or can be installed on the independent blade of the drill bit. Taking the five-blade drill in FIG. 13 as an example, the second blade 102 in FIG. 13 is the buffer module 3 installed on the independent blade of the drill.

For the case where the buffer module is installed on the blade where the cutting teeth are located, there are also several installation methods. Take the five-blade drill in Figure 13 as an example: ① The buffer module is installed behind the cutting teeth on the blade. 13, the buffer module 3 installed on the fourth blade 104; ② the buffer module is installed in front of the cutting teeth on the blade, as shown in Figure 13, the buffer module 3 installed on the third blade 103 ; ③ The buffer module and the cutting teeth are installed side by side, as shown in Figure 13, the buffer module 3 installed on the first blade 101. For the above installation methods, there may be one installation method or a combination of several installation methods. In addition, the above installation method can also be installed in combination with a fixed buffer module. As shown in FIG. 13 , the fixed buffer module 106 installed on the fifth blade 105 can be a conical tooth, spherical tooth or other blunt tooth.

Wherein, the buffer module 3 can also be installed on the blade extension support 110, as shown in FIG. 14 . In this solution, the blade extension support 110 may extend toward the front end of the blade blade, or may extend toward the rear end of the blade blade. FIG. 14 shows a schematic diagram of the blade extension support 110 extending toward the front end of the blade blade 1 . The blade extension support 110 can be connected with the drill body, as shown in FIG. 15, or not connected with the drill body, that is, a cantilever beam is formed between the blade extension support 110 and the blade 1, as shown in FIG. 16 shown. The blade extension support 110 may be a connecting body between two adjacent blades, as shown in FIG. 16 , the blade extension support 110 between the first blade 101 and the second blade 102 .

The buffer module can also be installed on the drill bit in which the PDC cutting structure is combined with other cutting structures including movable cutting structures. The movable cutting structure may be the disc cutter rock-breaking structure 6 shown in FIG. 17 , or the impact rock-breaking structure 7 shown in FIG. 18 , or the roller-cone rock-breaking structure 8 shown in FIG. 19 , or at least two An active rock-breaking structure.

In this embodiment, the buffer teeth 304 are embedded and fixed on the rotating body 302 .

In addition, the buffer teeth 304 of the buffer module 3 can freely rotate relative to the rotating body 302 . Here is a structure in which the buffer teeth 304 can rotate freely, as shown in FIG. Compared with the buffer teeth 304 fixed on the rotating body 302, the freely rotatable buffer teeth 304 can reduce the rapid wear failure caused by friction between the buffer teeth 304 and the rock, and improve the working life of the buffer teeth.

Example 2

As shown in Fig. 21, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the rotating body 302 of the buffer module 3 performs telescopic movement along the axial direction while rotating.

In the present embodiment, the rotating body 302 is provided with a helical groove 307 , and a protrusion 308 corresponding to the helical groove 307 is provided on the path of the axial movement of the rotating body 302 .

Specifically, the inner wall of the casing 301 is provided with a protrusion 308 corresponding to the spiral groove 307 on the rotating body 302 , a reset mechanism 303 is installed between the casing 301 and the rotating body 302 , and the buffer module 3 passes through the casing 301 and the blade. 1 to form a fixed connection. In the free state, the uppermost end of the spiral groove 307 is in contact with the protrusion 308 , that is, the uppermost end of the spiral groove 307 serves to limit the rotational position of the rotating body 302 . The reset mechanism 303 can be an axial reset spring. When the eccentric buffer teeth 304 interact with the bottom hole rock, the eccentric buffer teeth 304 rotate with the rotor 302. Due to the existence of the helical grooves 307 and the protrusions 308, the rotor 302 rotates. At the same time, an axial movement along the axis direction of the buffer module can also be generated, and the rotating body 302 retracts toward the interior of the housing 301 . At the same time, the rotating body 302 presses the axial return spring provided between the rotating body 302 and the housing 301, and the axial return spring accumulates energy. When the drill bit is vibrated and separated from the bottom hole rock, the axial return spring releases energy, and the axial return spring pushes the rotating body 302 to extend from the casing 301 along the helical groove 307, and tends to return to the initial position. Due to the extending motion of the buffer teeth 304, when the drill bit falls back to the bottom of the well, the eccentric buffer teeth 304 bear pressure, thereby buffering the drill bit and protecting the cutting teeth.

In this embodiment, due to the existence of the spiral groove 307 and the protrusion 308, the forward inclination angle of the buffer module 3 can be set to 0°, which reduces the difficulty of processing and installation.

In this embodiment, the axial return spring is a compression spring, a high-elasticity rubber element, or a torsion spring, and the torsional restoring force of the torsion spring can make the rotating body 302 return to the free state position faster, and absorb the impact load in time effect.

Example 3

This embodiment is basically the same as the second embodiment, the difference is that the reset mechanism is a hydraulic device.

As shown in FIG. 22 , the hydraulic device includes a first chamber 501 , a second chamber 502 , an intermediate valve seat 503 , a first check valve 504 , a second check valve 505 , an energy storage element 506 and a reset piston 507 . The first chamber 501 contains hydraulic oil. During the initial drilling, the buffer teeth 304 rotate under the action of the friction force of the formation rock, which drives the rotor 302 to rotate, and the rotor 302 moves upward along the spiral groove 307. At the same time, the rotor 302 compresses the hydraulic pressure in the first chamber 501. The oil flows into the second chamber 502 through the first one-way valve 504 with a smaller diameter, and the hydraulic oil in the second chamber 502 pushes the reset piston 507 to move and compress the energy storage element 506, so that the energy storage element 506 accumulates energy. , the rotation speed of the rotor 302 is relatively small; when the drill bit is stably drilling, the buffer teeth 304 are in a stable equilibrium state. When the drill bit encounters an uneven stratum or a brittle stratum, the drill bit jumps up and down. When the drill bit jumps up, the friction between the buffer teeth 304 and the stratum is reduced, the stable and balanced working state is broken, and the compressed energy storage element 506 releases energy, pushes the reset piston 507 to compress the hydraulic oil in the second chamber 502, and makes it quickly enter the first chamber 501 through the second one-way valve 505 with a larger diameter, and the hydraulic oil in the first chamber 501 pushes The rotating body 302 rapidly rotates in the opposite direction, so as to realize the quick reset of the buffer teeth 304 .

Example 4

This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 3, the difference is that the second chamber 502 communicates with the drilling fluid outside the drill bit.

As shown in FIG. 23 , the drilling fluid enters the first chamber 501 from the second one-way valve 505 through the inner flow channel 10 of the blade, and pushes the rotating body 302 to be in a free state. When drilling starts, the buffer teeth 304 rotate along the spiral groove 307 under the action of rock friction, and move into the casing 301 against the pressure in the first chamber 501, the first one-way valve 504 is opened, and the drilling fluid is discharged, When the drill bit is stably drilling, the internal and external pressures are balanced. If the drill bit vibrates up and down, the friction force and pressure between the buffer teeth 304 and the rock become smaller, so that the flat state of the liquid pressure in the first chamber 501 and the drilling fluid pressure outside the drill bit is broken, and the external drilling fluid pressure is greater than the first chamber. The drilling fluid pressure in 501 pushes the second one-way valve 505 with a larger diameter into the first chamber 501, and pushes the rotor 302 to rotate along the helical groove 307 and rapidly extend out of the casing 301, thereby acting as a The purpose of absorbing shock pressure.

Example 5

As shown in FIG. 24 , a cavity 309 is provided between the casing 301 of the buffer module 3 and the rotating body 302 , a reset mechanism 303 is installed in the cavity, and a sealing ring 310 is disposed between the casing 301 and the rotating body 301 . The casing 301 and the rotating body 302 are provided with raceway grooves, and the bearing and the rotating body are fixed and restrained in the axial direction by the balls 305 . The buffer teeth 304 rotate under the action of rock friction, which drives the rotating body 302 to rotate, and the rotating body 302 squeezes the reset mechanism 303 in the cavity 309 and accumulates elastic energy. When the frictional force is reduced, the stored elastic energy is released, pushing the rotating body 302 and the buffer teeth 304 to rotate to the initial position. Alternatively, the return mechanism 303 is a compression spring. In this solution, the stepped surface between the housing 301 and the rotating body 302 can also play a role of limiting.

Example 6

This embodiment is basically the same as the fifth embodiment, the difference is that, as shown in FIG. 25 , the reset mechanism 303 is the hydraulic device 5 .

The hydraulic device 5 includes a first chamber 501 , a second chamber 502 , an intermediate valve seat 503 , a first check valve 504 , a second check valve 505 , an energy storage element 506 and a reset piston 507 . The first chamber 501 contains hydraulic oil. During initial drilling, when the buffer tooth 304 rotates under the action of the friction force of the formation rock, it drives the rotating body 302 to rotate, and the rotating body 302 compresses the hydraulic oil in the first chamber 501 and flows into the first check valve 504 with a smaller diameter In the second chamber 502, the hydraulic oil in the second chamber 502 pushes the reset piston 507 to move and compresses the energy storage element 506, so that the energy storage element 506 stores energy. During this process, the rotation speed of the rotor 302 is small; when the drill bit During stable drilling, the buffer teeth 304 are in a stable equilibrium state. When the drill bit encounters an uneven stratum or a brittle stratum, the drill bit jumps up and down. When the drill bit jumps up, the friction between the buffer teeth 304 and the stratum is reduced, the stable and balanced working state is broken, and the compressed energy storage element 506 releases energy, pushes the reset piston 507 to compress the hydraulic oil in the second chamber 502, and makes it quickly enter the first chamber 501 through the second one-way valve 505 with a larger diameter, and the hydraulic oil in the first chamber 501 pushes The rotating body 302 rapidly rotates in the opposite direction, so as to realize the quick reset of the buffer teeth 304 .

Specifically, the energy storage element 506 may be a compression spring or a disc spring.

In this solution, the valve holes of the first one-way valve 504 and the second one-way valve 505 of the hydraulic reset device can also be opened on the end faces so as to communicate with the external chamber or flow channel.

Example 7

This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 6. The difference is that, in order to improve the reset speed of the rotating body 302 and the buffer teeth 304, two first chambers 501 are opened at the same time and two hydraulic devices 5 are correspondingly arranged. A compression spring is provided in the first chamber, as shown in FIG. 26 .

Example 8

This embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, the difference is that the buffer teeth 304 and the rotating body 302 are integrally constructed, and the casing 301 and the blade 1 are integrally constructed, that is, the rotating body 302 is directly installed on the blade 1 , a sealing ring 310 is arranged between the two, as shown in FIG. 27 .

Example 9

As shown in FIG. 28 , this embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 3. The difference is that a gear 508 is provided on the rotating body 302 , and the gear 508 is connected to the hydraulic device 5 by meshing with the rack 509 . The rotation of the rotating body 302 drives the rack 509 to move through the gear 508 on it, and interacts with the liquid between the hydraulic devices. The working process of the hydraulic device 5 is basically the same as that of the third embodiment. In addition to the hydraulic device, in this solution, the rack 509 can also be connected with a compression spring, high-elasticity rubber or other high-elasticity material elements to achieve a reset effect.

The embodiments of the present disclosure described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings do not limit the scope of the present disclosure, which is to be covered by the scope of the appended claims and their legal equivalents. Any equivalent embodiments are within the scope of this disclosure. Indeed, various modifications of the present disclosure, in addition to those shown and described herein, such as alternative useful combinations of the elements, will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. Such modifications and embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents.

Claims

A diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module, comprising a drill body (912) and a blade (1) extending from the drill body (912), the blade (1) is provided with cutting teeth (2), At least one buffer module (3) is provided on the drill bit (910), characterized in that: the buffer module (3) is rotatably connected to the drill bit body (912), and the buffer portion of the buffer module (3) is relative to the buffer module (3) ) eccentric setting of the rotary axis;

When the buffer part of the buffer module (3) in the initial position bears the impact force from the formation rock, the buffer part absorbs the impact load, reduces the impact force of the blade cutting teeth (2), and plays an important role in the cutting teeth (2). buffering effect;

Under the action of the force in contact with the bottom hole rock, the buffer portion of the buffer module (3) performs a contraction tendency movement relative to the cutting teeth (2) in a rotational manner, so as to reduce or avoid the impact of the buffer module (3) on the cutting teeth (2). 2) Influence of penetration depth;

When the buffer part of the buffer module (3) is out of contact with the bottom hole rock or when the contact resistance torque is less than the reset torque, under the action of the reset mechanism (303), it rotates to the initial position of the buffer part in a rotational manner, so as to achieve relative The cutting teeth (2) perform a protruding trend movement, and the position of the buffer portion relative to the cutting teeth (2) is raised, which plays a buffering role for the subsequent impact of the cutting teeth (2).
The diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module according to claim 1, characterized in that: the buffer module (3) is arranged on the blade (1) and is rotatably connected with the blade (1).
The diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the buffer module (3) is in the initial position, the highest point of the buffer part of the buffer module (3) and the cutting teeth (2) The height difference H between the highest points of the tooth edges is: -D≤H≤D, where D is the diameter of the cutting tooth (2).
The diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module according to claim 1, wherein the buffer module (3) comprises a rotating body (302) and a buffer tooth (304), and the rotating body (302) is rotatable Installed in the base hole (11) of the blade (1), the buffer teeth (304) are eccentrically arranged with respect to the rotation axis of the rotating body (302) to form a buffer portion, the rotating body (302) and the reset mechanism ( 303) connection, so that the buffer module (3) can be automatically reset after being rotated by an external force and when the external force disappears.
The diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module according to claim 4, wherein the buffer teeth (304) are inlaid and fixed on the rotating body (302), or the buffer teeth (304) are freely rotatable connected On the rotating body (302), or the buffer teeth (304) and the rotating body (302) are integrally formed.
The diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module according to claim 4, wherein the buffer teeth (304) are spherical teeth, wedge teeth, conical teeth or PDC teeth.
The diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module according to claim 4, characterized in that a casing (301) is provided between the rotating body (302) and the base hole (11), and the casing (301) ) is fixed on the blade (1), the rotating body (302) is installed in the casing (301), and the rotating body (302) forms a rotational connection with the casing (301).
The diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module according to claim 1, characterized in that: the buffer module (3) is installed on the drill bit in which the PDC cutting structure is combined with other cutting structures including movable cutting structures .
The diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the forward inclination angle of the buffer module (3) is in the range of 0°<α≤60°, and the deflection angle is in the range of 0°<α≤60°. The value range is -60°≤β≤60°.
The diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module according to claim 9, wherein the reset mechanism (303) is a torsion spring.
The diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: the rotating body (302) of the buffer module (3) performs telescopic movement in the axial direction while rotating.
The diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module according to claim 11, characterized in that: the rotating body (302) is provided with a helical groove (307) on the path of the axial movement of the rotating body (302). A protrusion (308) corresponding to the spiral groove (307) is provided.
The diamond drill bit with an adaptive buffer module according to claim 11, wherein the reset mechanism (303) is a torsion spring, a compression spring or a hydraulic reset structure.