CN106089087A - A kind of die-cut composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground - Google Patents
A kind of die-cut composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground Download PDFInfo
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- CN106089087A CN106089087A CN201610626566.4A CN201610626566A CN106089087A CN 106089087 A CN106089087 A CN 106089087A CN 201610626566 A CN201610626566 A CN 201610626566A CN 106089087 A CN106089087 A CN 106089087A
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 68
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of die-cut composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground, including drill body, wing and the hydrophthalmia being arranged on drill body or nozzle, several first group cutting tooth it is provided with on wing, the wing cloth flank of tooth arranges recess in order to fix first group of cutting tooth, impact cutting structure and impulsive force transmission mechanism it is additionally provided with on drill bit, impact cutting tooth it is disposed with on impact cutting structure, at least the body profiles line of a wing has at least one misaligned region with the body profiles line of at least another one wing in the range of collectively covering, and at least one coincidence point or overlapping region.This architectural feature can make drill bit work with asynchronous cutting way, the longitudinal direction abrasion length of drill bit can not only be increased, extend bit life, and drill bit can be made to creep into state at whole drilling process all in high specific pressure, strengthen drill bit and invade the ability of rock, so that drill bit was all improved in drilling speed and the life-span of bad ground.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil-gas drilling engineering, mine engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geological drilling, tunnel
The technical equipment fields such as engineering, the hydrology, shield and no-dig technique, particularly relate to a kind of Drilling bore bit.
Background technology
Drill bit is that conventional has PDC drill bit, gear wheel in order to fractured rock, the rock crushing tool of formation pit shaft in drilling engineering
Drill bit and percussion bit.PDC drill bit rely on high rigidity, wear-resisting, shearing-crushing rock can be carried out from sharp composite polycrystal-diamond,
PDC drill bit is owing in soft-medium hard formation, rate of penetration is high, the life-span is long, and drilling cost is low, obtains extensively in drilling engineering
Use.The existing fixed cutter drill bits with PDC drill bit as representative the most all has several wings, along drill bit on wing
Be radially arranged multiple cutting element (to PDC drill bit, cutting element is mainly composite polycrystal-diamond, be called for short composite sheet or
PDC tooth).But when bore meet hard formation time, the cutting tooth on the nose of PDC drill bit and shoulder is difficult to effective wedging stratum, thus greatly
Reduce greatly rate of penetration.Rifler breaks rock in the way of impact crushing, forms deeper crushing teeth hole in shaft bottom.Work as stratum
Time harder, it is impossible to making rock produce volume and break rock, thus drop low-energy utilization rate, efficiency of breaking rock is relatively low.Percussion bit is punching
Rotary drill well coordinates the fixing tooth rock crushing tool that down-the-hole air hammer (down-hole hammer) uses.The rock breaking mechanism of percussion bit and rotary drill
The crushing mechanism of head and the cutting scheme of PDC drill bit are respectively provided with significant difference.The moment impact relying on tooth of percussion bit
Power realizes crushing bottom rock.The upper end of percussion bit is connected to down-the-hole air hammer, and during work, its block stamp is in circulation of fluid
Effect under move back and forth, repeatedly clash into drill bit, to tooth provide shock loading.Under normal circumstances, percussion bit is on fragility ground
Layer time the most relatively hard formation creeps into, can obtain higher efficiency of breaking rock.
Chinese patent " one scrape cut impact combined drill " that Southwest Petrol University submits to (patent No.:
2012101255406.8) in, on the basis of drill bit stationary cutting structure, impact cutting structure and impulsive force transmission are added
Mechanism, makes full use of the advantage of rock fracture in dynamic indentation mode, crushes rock by impacting cutting structure and damages, and promotes drill bit and cuts
Cut the tooth wedging to rock, improve efficiency of breaking rock, thus reach to improve drill bit in high intensity, high abrasive or strong anisotropism etc.
The ability to work of bad ground.Additionally, the impulsive force transmitted by force transmission mechanism is only acted on impact cutting structure, and fix
Cutting tooth on wing will not be acted on by impulsive force, while improving efficiency of breaking rock, it is possible to ensures that cutting tooth has relatively
Long working life.Impulsive force transmission mechanism in the present invention is identical with appeal patent.
But, in the prior art including above-mentioned patented technology, the wing at fixing cutting tooth place is all cut according to synchronization
Cut principle to be designed, on the most each wing the cutting tooth of different radial positions simultaneously or synchronize (or basic simultaneously, substantially with
Step) enter duty, start to cut bottom rock, and start simultaneously at and wear and tear.Green bit (bores under preferable duty
Head center and well center superposition stablize the state of creeping into) drilling rock time, simultaneously participate in and scrape that to cut all cutting teeth of rock equal
For main cutting tooth, main cutting tooth is the primary cutting element of drill bit fractured rock, is typically provided at the front side of each wing, in order to
Preferably cool down and cleaning performance in reaching.In addition to cutting tooth, standby cutting tooth also can be set as required on drill bit
(i.e. when main cutting odontotripsis to a certain extent after the cutting tooth just devoted oneself to work, such as rear toothrow etc.) and assisted machining structure (main
Refer to the structure helping main cutting tooth to break rock, as bored tooth, or the buffer structure of protection cutting tooth effect, as buffered joint or buffering tooth
Deng).
In drill bit design process, it will usually arbitrarily determine one by the plane of drill bit central axis as cloth tooth axial plane
(being also referred to simply as axial plane), on drill bit, the radial and axial position of each cutting tooth all can be expressed on this axial plane accurately.When
Drill bit is under conditions of axial location is constant when own axes rotates, and the land contour line of cutting tooth is crossed to form friendship with axial plane
Line, this intersection is the axial plane contour line of cutting tooth, then by main cutting teeth all on drill bit (or on some appointment wings or dise knife
All main cutting teeth) axial plane contour line collect in this axial plane, be the formation of axial plane cloth tooth figure (or some appointment cuttves of drill bit
The axial plane cloth tooth figure of the wing or dise knife).Because axial plane cloth tooth figure can accurately reflect the cutting tooth covering feelings to bottom rock on drill bit
Condition, therefore it is again shaft bottom drape tooth figure, it is called for short drape tooth figure or shaft bottom coverage diagram.
In the shaft bottom coverage diagram of drill bit, make an external envelope tangent with the axial plane contour line of all main cutting teeth bent
Line, is the cutting wheel profile (namely crown profile line of drill bit) of drill bit, as it is shown on figure 3, be that in prior art, conventional PDC bores
The shaft bottom coverage diagram of head, wherein, the horizontal direction being labeled as R is drill bit radial direction, and the vertical direction being labeled as Z is that drill bit is axial,
The curve of label 11 is the cutting wheel profile of drill bit in prior art.
In the shaft bottom coverage diagram of drill bit, if only specifying the cutting tooth on wing or dise knife to show certain, and incite somebody to action
Cutting tooth on other wing or dise knife conceals, and is the formation of the axial plane cloth tooth figure of this wing or dise knife.At wing or dise knife
In axial plane cloth tooth figure, making an external envelope curve tangent with the axial plane contour line of each main cutting tooth, this envelope is then referred to as
The cutting wheel profile of this wing or dise knife.The cutting wheel profile of wing reflects when on wing, main cutting tooth is distributed the closeest (energy
The shaft bottom radial zone at this wing place is completely covered) time, the basic or desired profile in the shaft bottom that this wing independently cuts
Shape facility.
If drill bit rotates around own axes under conditions of axial location is constant, then for a certain wing body, on front side of it
Face will form a surface of revolution with drill bit central axis as axis along with the rotation of drill bit is scanned with the intersection of its cloth flank of tooth,
The intersection of this surface of revolution and axial plane is the body profiles line of wing, as shown in Fig. 3 or 12, is wherein numbered the curve of 32,
It is the body profiles line of wing.Similarly, the body profiles line of dise knife is also such.Under normal circumstances, owing to being arranged in cutter
The proud exposure of the main cutting tooth on the wing cloth flank of tooth is same or like (except closing on the region of gage land), so wing
The shape of cutting wheel profile and its body profiles line is substantially in parastate, and there only may have in the region closing on rule footpath to be the poorest
Different.Therefore, based on realizing the needs of synchronous cutting principle, in prior art, the body profiles line of each wing of drill bit is weight mutually
Close or essentially coincide.In other words, the body profiles line of each wing of drill bit same with drill bit central axis is all in theory
On the surface of revolution of axis, thus they are all one section in an identical curve or same curve.This feature can be referred to as
Concordance or synteny for drill bit each wing body profiles line.Obviously, this concordance or synteny are not only present in each cutter
The body profiles line of the wing, and the cutting wheel profile to each wing is also to set up.This architectural feature just so that be fixedly arranged at
Main cutting tooth on each wing of drill bit simultaneously or synchronous cutting bottom rock, and then can form pit shaft.
The existing PDC drill bit with synchronous cutting principle in the face of complicated bad ground (high rigidity, high abrasive or even
Containing the heterogeneity such as gravel layer, interlayer stratum) time, not only drilling efficiency is restricted, and its service life is the most undesirable.It is the most former
Because being: first, in order to ensure that drill bit can possess stronger wedging or invade the ability of rock surface, just when hard formation creeps into
Need to use size (diameter) less cutting tooth, but the proud exposure of minor diameter cutting tooth be little, can wear height the lowest
Cut tooth in major diameter, but now cut the rate of wear of tooth faster, be therefore the formation of a bad ground drill bit design
In insoluble contradiction: according to major diameter cut tooth, cutting tooth be difficult to invade rock (particularly occur to a certain degree to wear and tear
After), drill bit efficiency of breaking rock is low；Cutting tooth according to minor diameter, the working life of cutting tooth is the most inadequate.Second, drill bit is firmly
Cut tooth when stratum, heterogeneity stratum are crept into and be frequently subjected to stronger shock loading, easily occur to cut the most individually tooth on a small quantity
Come off, rupture, fragmentation, the rapid failure phenomenon such as burst apart of diamond layer, this phenomenon once occurs, and will cause close region
The chain inefficacy that cutting tooth causes because workload increases, produces ring cutting phenomenon, i.e. drill bit then in this radial zone
The exposure part of cutting tooth is wholly or largely ground off, and and then grinds cannelure on drill bit each wing body.Ring cutting is existing
As once occurring, on drill bit, the body of each wing all directly contacts with rock formation face, even if the cutting tooth on wing is the most complete
Portion has ground, but owing to ratio presses serious reduction, so the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit can be remarkably decreased.So, when grinding annular groove on drill bit
After, typically it is considered as drill bit and has lost or close to losing cutting power, not only can not reenter well and use, time serious, even connect reparation
(changing or renovate worn-out cutting tooth) is all difficult to carry out.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: propose a kind of die-cut composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground, drill bit can be obviously improved
Workability under the formation conditions such as complicated applications condition, bad ground, particularly high rigidity, high abrasive, high inhomogeneity
Energy.
The object of the invention is realized by following technical proposals:
A kind of die-cut composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground, including drill body, wing and be arranged in drill body
On hydrophthalmia or nozzle, wing is provided with several first group cutting tooth, the wing cloth flank of tooth arranges recess in order to fix first
Group cutting tooth, drill body is additionally provided with impact cutting structure and impulsive force transmission mechanism, impact cutting structure is disposed with punching
Hit cutting tooth, impact cutting structure can relative to drill body sliding, at least the body profiles line of a wing with at least
The body profiles line of another one wing has (or referred to as Yi Kuo district, at least one misaligned region in the range of collectively covering
Territory), and at least one coincidence point or overlapping region (or being referred to as with wide region).
For drill body involved in the present invention, wing, the wing cloth flank of tooth, hydrophthalmia, nozzle, wing body profiles line,
Or even first group of cutting tooth cuts tooth, the concept being known in the art with impact cutting structure and impact thereof, do not repeat at this,
It is referred to as shown in Fig. 1,2,19, for the structural representation of drill bit of the present invention, wherein, 1 is drill body, 2 is impact cutting
Structure, 221 be impulsive force transmission mechanism, 21 be impact cutting tooth, 3 be wing, 33 be the wing cloth flank of tooth, 41 be first group of cutting
Tooth, 61 it is hydrophthalmia or nozzle；As shown in figure 12, for wing body profiles line schematic diagram each in the present invention, (Figure 12 is that Fig. 1 drill bit is each
Wing body profiles line shape and position in coverage diagram), wherein, 32 is wing body profiles line.
In existing technology, on drill bit the body profiles line of all wings all same with drill bit central axis as axle
On the surface of revolution of line, thus they broadly fall into an identical curve, or are respectively a section in same curve.But in the present invention
In, each wing can have independent, to be not affiliated with same surface of revolution wing body profiles line, and an at least wing
The body profiles line of body profiles line and at least another one wing there is in the range of collectively covering misaligned region simultaneously
(the most different wide region) and coincidence point or overlapping region (hereafter referred to collectively as with wide region, comprise coincidence point and coincidence district
Territory).
What deserves to be explained is, the coverage of wing (namely the radial cutting working range of wing or region) refers to wing
On radial extension between inner side cutting tooth and outermost cutting tooth.Can also use between wing contour line Origin And Destination
Radial extension is as the coverage of wing.Specifically described herein collectively covers scope, refers to two or more wing phases
Overlapping (being i.e. collectively responsible for) radially working region, such as scope a that collectively covers and the Fig. 8 in Fig. 8 (a) four-headed arrow indication region
Four-headed arrow indication region shown in (b) collectively cover scope b, wherein Fig. 8 (a) show a long wing on same drill bit
(the operator wing) and the body profiles line schematic diagram of a short sword wing (secondary wing), Fig. 8 (b) show two rimmer knifes on same drill bit
The body profiles line schematic diagram of the wing (the operator wing), it is clear that it is different that wing represented by Fig. 8 (a) and Fig. 8 (b) collectively covers scope
's.Further, each wing body profiles line coincidence point in the range of it collectively covers can be the intersection point of each curve, it is possible to
To be the point of contact between curve, the intersection point as shown in dash area 34 in Fig. 8 (a) and point of contact；Each wing body profiles line is at it
Overlapping region in the range of collectively covering is the part that each wing body profiles line overlaps or essentially coincides, such as Fig. 8 (a), Fig. 8
Overlapping region shown in dash area 34 in (b)；On the other hand, in the range of collectively covering, on wing body profiles line except
The misaligned region that the part of coincidence point and overlapping region (also known as with wide region) is wing body profiles line is (the most different
Wide region).In addition to coincidence point, the width of misaligned region and overlapping region is defined as it along the most shared width of drill bit.
First group of cutting tooth on wing is arranged generally along the body profiles line of wing, and forms the cutting of corresponding wing
Contour line.By the above, in existing bit technique, each wing cutting wheel profile overlaps as same in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom
Curve, meanwhile, this curve is also the cutting wheel profile of whole drill bit, and parallel or the most flat with the body profiles line of wing
OK.And each wing body profiles line in the present invention with some misaligned regions will have some misaligned districts by self-assembling formation
The wing cutting wheel profile in territory, as shown in Figure 4, in the drill bit coverage diagram being made up of two wings, P is overlapping region, and N is not weigh
Close region.On the other hand, according to previously described definition content, bit cutting contour line is actually each wing cutting profile
Line taking the lead in and the superposing of stratum contact area in same axial plane, as Fig. 4,13, label 11 is bit cutting contour line, mark
Numbers 31 is wing cutting wheel profile.Integrate, if the body profiles line of some wing and the body profiles line of other wings
There are in the range of collectively covering several different wide regions simultaneously and several be with wide region, then the cutting wheel profile of this wing with
Bit cutting contour line misaligned in subregion (the most asynchronous cutting zone, hereinafter referred to as asynchronous area), and in another portion
Subregion (including a point or one section of curve) coincides or essentially coincides (referred to as synchronous cutting region, hereinafter referred to as synchronization zone
Territory).Obviously, the different wide region of wing body profiles line corresponding to the asynchronous area of wing cutting wheel profile, with wide region then with
Retaining zone is corresponding.
In operation principle, there is the wing of asynchronous area and compare the difference of conventional synchronous cutting wing and be: cutter
On the wing, also not all tooth simultaneously participates in work, but only has part cutting tooth (the cutting tooth of retaining zone) and participate in work, waits this
A little cutting odontotripsises to a certain extent after, the cutting tooth of other region (the cutting tooth of asynchronous area) just can touch rock also
Start rock cutting work.Obviously, the wing with this cutting tooth work characteristics stage by stage is referred to as (the letter of asynchronous cutting wing
Claim asynchronous wing), when the pressure of the drill undertaken is identical, compared to having prior art (the cutting tooth of different radial positions on wing
All simultaneously or the participation cutting rock that synchronizes), the ratio pressure acting on rock is high.Asynchronous wing number is the most, this effect promoted than pressure
The most notable with (being called for short supercharging effectiveness), if the whole wing of drill bit all uses the wing with asynchronous cutting characteristic, its supercharging is imitated
With more prominent, it be advantageous to promote drill bit and invade the ability of rock at bad ground.For conventional bit, wing is cut
Cutting profile overlap with bit cutting profile or essentially coincide, on wing, the cutting tooth of different radial positions or synchronizes all simultaneously
Participation rock cutting be referred to as synchronous cutting.The drill bit comprising asynchronous wing is referred to as asynchronous cut drill and (is called for short asynchronous brill
Head).
If only having a single point or the narrowest single region and drill bit on drill bit on the cutting wheel profile of certain asynchronous wing
Cutting wheel profile coincides or essentially coincides, then mean that the cutting wheel profile of this wing is at this point or place, the narrowest region
Position on be evagination, the cutting wheel profile of other positions of wing is then relative to bit cutting contour line indent, it is clear that only
Cutting tooth at boss is to work from the beginning, along with this or these the continuous of tooth is worn and torn, wing is in indent
The cutting tooth at position the most gradually comes into contact with and rock cutting.Equally, if having some on the cutting wheel profile of certain asynchronous wing
The regional area of individual point or some mutual interruptions coincides with bit cutting contour line, then the cutting wheel profile of this wing is at these
Position is local evagination, and remaining region is then relative to bit cutting contour line indent, therefore at the beginning of the drilling process of drill bit,
Having the cutting tooth at these evagination positions at rock cutting, the cutting tooth at remaining indent position is then at male part position cutting odontotripsis extremely
Just progress into the process of rock cutting after to a certain degree, thus realize the work stage by stage of different parts cutting tooth on same wing
Make.Obviously, asynchronous wing has local the most exactly and cuts the wing of feature, when the pressure of the drill that wing undertakes is identical, this
Wing acts in the cutting zone of local that the ratio pressure of rock is obvious exceeds conventional wing.Asynchronous wing number is the most, this lifting
More notable than the effectiveness of pressure (being called for short supercharging effectiveness).If the whole wing of drill bit all uses asynchronous wing, the most now drill bit can claim
For disparate step drill bit, its supercharging effectiveness is more prominent, is advantageous to promote drill bit and invades the ability of rock at bad ground.
Corresponding to foregoing teachings, asynchronous wing participates in the regional area of initial cuts, its cutting wheel profile is evagination,
The wing body profiles line naturally also evagination of relevant position, as shown in Figure 9.Further, wing body profiles line has multiple
During local crowning, wing body profiles is made to present the shape facility of rising and falling shape, as shown in Figure 10,13,15,16.To two
For the asynchronous wing that body profiles shape differs, the local crowning on wing is the most, then within it collectively covers region,
Intersection or joining between two wing body profiles lines are the most.If the local crowning position by asynchronous wings multiple on drill bit
It is interspersed, the most overlapping multiple local crownings just can be utilized to complete the covering to bottom section even all radial zones.
In drilling process, as long as the bossing on drill bit is not smoothed, pressurized effect also exists the most to some extent.Additionally, office
The height of portion's projection can significantly higher than cut diameter (knuckle-tooth) or the working depth (non-knuckle-tooth) of tooth, and the discrepancy in elevation is the biggest, not only
The supercharging shear action timeliness of wing is the longest, and on the other hand the length of wing body profiles line is the longest, the most same wing
On cloth tooth region the biggest, cutting number of teeth amount is the most, and the number of teeth increases and cutting mutual of feature working stage by stage of tooth
Join, thus adding the working life extending asynchronous drill bit on the basis of wing creeps into than pressure.
In the present invention, can effectively be regulated the cutter set density of drill bit by wing body profiles line, improve drill bit adaptively
The scope of layer and lasting drilling ability.The echelon cloth tooth formed by the present invention program can be effectively increased axially can wearing and tearing of drill bit
Volume, extends the service life of drill bit.According to Chinese patent " a kind of Scraping-cutting and impacting combined type drill " (patent No.:
201220225028.1) described, stationary cutting structure and impact cutting structure combine structure, and the impact cutting tooth on drift is in punching
Hit and under power effect, constantly impact shaft bottom with certain frequency, coordinate the stationary cutting structure on drill bit jointly to complete bottom rock
Broken.Overlapping the coefficient region of cutting structure two, the broken rock effect of impact cutting tooth makes the fixing cutting tooth in this region
Energy consumption required for wedging, rock cutting significantly reduces, and improves efficiency of breaking rock.
Additionally, from the impulsive force of upper impingement generator, only acted on impact cutting structure by force transmission mechanism, and
Impact cutting structure can drill body sliding relatively, without being delivered on drill body or even rotary column, i.e. will not be to drill bit
Body and rotary column cause damage, are illustrated in figure 2 impulsive force transfer principle schematic diagram.
According to above to the object of the invention and rationale, it is possible to understand that and confirm, " the cutter that the present invention is defined
The body profiles line of the wing and the body profiles line of other wings have in the range of collectively covering at least one misaligned region (or
It is referred to as different wide region) " should not do absolute understanding, the most should be not that may be present in prior art, under some is unconscious
Accidentally lower or for the body profiles line of wing that causes under other purposes of wide of the mark of the present invention and other wings
Body profiles line exist lesser degree of misaligned contain including；Those skilled in the art are based on aforementioned the object of the invention and principle
Elaboration, according to grasp prior art, common knowledge, the degree for described " misaligned region " obviously can correctly be managed
Solve, it is not necessary to defined especially；Typically, in order to preferably realize the present invention " promote drill bit at bad ground intrusive rock
The ability of stone " purpose, this misaligned region accounts for the whole ratio collectively covering range areas and is preferably not less than 25%.
As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is entirety or the curve of major part evagination, and described
Each extra curvature male portion summit differs along the radial position of drill bit radial direction.
In this programme, the outer convex domain substantially only a fraction of wing body profiles line corresponding to wing cutting wheel profile with
The region (retaining zone) that bit cutting contour line coincides；And remaining region on wing body profiles line is cut corresponding to wing
Cut the region (asynchronous area) that contour line is misaligned with bit cutting contour line.The radial direction position on the summit of two wing concave portion
Put and differ, wing cutting wheel profile just can be made to coincide with bit cutting contour line in relevant position, summit when design,
Now the cutting tooth of two wing summits and adjacent locations just becomes the initial cutting tooth participating in work, and cutting away from this region
Cut tooth (except retaining zone) and cutwork wouldn't be participated in.So, the ratio pressure on initialization cutting tooth is acted on higher than routine
Drill bit, is conducive to improving drill bit and invades the ability of rock.In this programme, body profiles line is entirety or the song of major part evagination
Line is actually unimodal curve, i.e. only exists a projection on wing body profiles line, as shown in Figure 5.Shown in Fig. 5 (a)
Wing body profiles line is the curve of overall evagination, and the wing body profiles line shown in Fig. 5 (b) is the song of major part evagination
Line, the curve of label 32c is the body profiles line of conventional wing in prior art, marks in phantom at this, in order to highlight
Heretofore described entirety or the feature of major part evagination wing body profiles line.Although wing body profiles is unimodal song
Line, if the local crowning of each wing body profiles curve radially mutually staggers along drill bit, then these wings still can possess asynchronous
Region.
As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, and
At least one local crowning it is respectively arranged with along drill bit radial direction or partly or entirely the most wrong along bit cutting contour line between described curve
Open.
Different from the wing body profiles line only having single entirety or major part evagination in aforementioned schemes, in this programme cuttves
Wing body profiles line has multiple local crowning, and therefore, the distribution of each local crowning can have different situations, as shown in Figure 7.
Wherein, Fig. 7 (a) show each local crowning along drill bit radial distribution, and on different wing body profiles line local crowning along boring
Head radially (arrow A direction in figure) partly or entirely staggers；Fig. 7 (b) show each local crowning and divides along bit cutting contour line
On cloth, and different wing body profiles line, local crowning is partly or entirely wrong along bit cutting contour line (arrow B direction in figure)
Open.What deserves to be explained is, local crowning distribution represented in Fig. 7 (a) and Fig. 7 (b) and displaced manner are only two kinds more
Typical distribution mode, but it is not limited to this two ways.
In such scheme, wing body profiles line is the curve with one or more local crowning, just may be used when design
So that wing cutting wheel profile coincides with bit cutting contour line in the relevant position, summit of local crowning, the most each wing office
Summit and the cutting tooth of adjacent locations that portion is protruding just become the initial cutting tooth participating in work, and away from the cutting tooth in this region
(except retaining zone) wouldn't participate in cutwork.Such structure make drill bit in drilling process, on synchronization wing only
There is the part cutting tooth contact shaft bottom at the top of local crowning, reduce the contact area of drill bit and rock, the ratio on cutting tooth
Pressure, higher than conventional bit, makes the effective wedging stratum of drill bit energy；Even if drill bit weares and teares, part cutting tooth is caused to be destroyed,
Still suffer from remaining part not being worn cutting tooth following contacts shaft bottom, put into cutwork, it is ensured that drill bit creeps into overall process
It is all high specific pressure, the beneficially raising of drill bit rate of penetration.
Secondly, the wing body profiles line of fluctuating not only makes the cutting tooth on same wing body profiles line join stage by stage
With broken rock, also making its cloth tine length longer, the cloth number of teeth amount on the most same wing is the most more, and the number of teeth increases divides with cutting tooth
The stage feature of work is mutually matched, thus is adding the working life extending drill bit on the basis of wing creeps into than pressure.
The particularly local crowning on the body profiles line of wing mutually staggers, and has preferably cloth tooth effect, i.e. can form local
Protruding alternate covering (it can be appreciated that be longitudinally formed multiple step structure, such as the region, heart portion of Figure 14), hence it is evident that extend
The worn and torn length of cutting tooth.And the cutting tooth in alternate covering region to remain as the table being exposed to outside wing inserted, can keep
High specific pressure when creeping into.Additionally, in this programme, allow also to the local crowning on each curve and overlap in the radial position of drill bit.Tool
There is the polycrystalline diamond compact bit (200620033337.3) of secondary gear structure and there is stand alone type longitudinal standby cutting knot
The polycrystalline diamond compact bit (200720082270.7) of structure, the PDC all disclosing a kind of standby (two grades) toothing bores
Head, its common feature is that standby tooth is all embedded in the bit body under main tooth (base tooth), i.e. standby tooth relative to bit body to
Interior layout, thus indulge at drill bit and be upwardly formed multiple step structure, but the longitudinal standby tooth in above-mentioned two schemes is interior inserted,
Be first group of initial contact stratum cutting odontotripsis totally after and body have part wears after just start working, at standby tooth
While rock cutting, wing body contacts with stratum occurrence of large-area, significantly reduces standby cutting tooth and acts on
The ratio pressure of rock, so that the drilling efficiency of drill bit is very limited.
Meanwhile, wing has the existence of several local crownings, add the chip space of drill bit, reduce landwaste in cutting
Accumulation near tooth, is conducive to heat radiation and the cooling of cutting tooth, reduces the thermal wear of cutting tooth, improve drill bit from another point of view
Service behaviour.
As preferably, at least the body profiles line of the wing of 40% quantity is the song with at least one local crowning
It is respectively arranged with at least one local crowning between line, and described curve along drill bit radial component or all mutually to stagger.
In such scheme, if the wing quantity of different exterior feature is maintained at certain proportion scope, it is possible to play different better and more scientifically
The asynchronous shear action of wide wing.Obviously, the ratio of 40% may result in a non-integral result in this scenario, this
Time, according to the understanding of general knowledge, need to carry out rounding: such as, a total of 6 wings of drill bit, then 40% is exactly 2.4, and rounding is 2
Individual wing.
As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, and
The misaligned peak width of described curve at least accounts for 1/4th of drill bit radius.
In such scheme, if asynchronous area scope is maintained at certain proportion, it is possible to preferably play the asynchronous cutting of drill bit
Effect.The length increasing asynchronous area can allow the life-span of drill bit regional interior cutting tooth be mutually matched, and reduces and creeps into
The purpose of cost.
As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, and
The local crowning mutually staggered between described curve is distributed in the radial zone beyond drill bit three/Radius.
The cutter-wear rate in PDC drill bit 1/3rd regions outside is fast, uses such scheme, and asynchronous area can cover
On drill bit cut tooth lost efficacy fireballing region, thus significantly improve drill bit these positions can wear height, increase cutting
Structure invades the ability of rock, promotes bit life, reduces drilling cost.
As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, and
The local crowning mutually staggered between described curve is distributed in the radial zone within drill bit 2/3rds radius.
Under some special operation condition, during combined drilling, drill bit movement complicated condition, do not only exist oscillation crosswise,
And exist shimmy, and drill bit is likely to be at duty uneven with hole axis.For composite drill bit of the present invention
Speech, in perimeter by the cooperation region of dise knife Yu fixing wing, and region, heart portion is the weakest, in this condition
Under, easily there is Fast Wearing because of unbalance loading in the cutting tooth in drill bit internal region.Due to PDC drill bit the interior zone number of teeth relatively
Few, so, once indivedual teeth lost efficacy, it is easy to chain reaction occurs, and caused the generation of internal ring cutting failure phenomenon, this inefficacy
Phenomenon is commonly called as " from the bottom of one's heart " phenomenon.In the program, asynchronous area is arranged in the region within drill bit 2/3rds radius, it is possible to aobvious
Write improve drill bit these positions can wear height, thus extend PDC drill bit under the Special complex operating modes such as combined drilling
Service life, reduce and even avoid the generation of phenomenon from the bottom of one's heart.
As preferably, the local crowning shape of wing body profiles line is similar or identical, can also be dissimilar or differ.
As preferably, the local crowning shape of the wing body profiles line of at least 50% quantity is similar or identical.Obviously, in this scenario
The ratio of 50% may result in a non-integral result, at this time, it may be necessary to carry out rounding.Such as, a total of 5 wings of drill bit
Body profiles line, then 50% is exactly 2.5, rounding is 2 wing body profiles lines.
As preferably, the shape of local crowning can be similar parabola shaped, trapezoidal, circular, oval etc., can also
For the combination between them, as shown in Figure 10.
As preferably, the height of all wing body profiles line local crownings is not less than 8mm.
As preferably, overall or most of evagination the height of all wing body profiles lines is not less than 8mm.
In such scheme, first boundary's point of elevated regions is set forth as follows: for the region of overall evagination, its protruding boundary
Point should be respectively the wing body profiles line end points near drill bit heart portion and wing body profiles line bizet and gage areas
Separation, the point 322 as shown in Figure 11 (a)；For major part evagination or the region of local crowning, if whole projection occupy same
Article one, between two troughs of smoothed curve, then the two trough must have a common tangent and two point of contacts of difference, and these are two years old
Individual point of contact is its protruding boundary point, the point 322 as shown in Figure 11 (b)；If the non-light that whole protruding two ends are different curved section
Slip point, then this junction point is i.e. as boundary's point of this projection, the point 322 as shown in Figure 11 (c)；If the side of certain projection
For having the continuously smooth curve of trough, opposite side is previously described curved section Non-smooth surface junction point, then this junction point is first
As one of its boundary's point, another boundary's point is from this point of contact of made tangent line at protruding opposite side smoothed curve section trough,
Point 322 as shown in Figure 11 (d).Accordingly, the width of certain protruding (including overall evagination, major part evagination and local crowning)
Being defined as the length of this projection both sides circle point line, W as shown in Figure 11, its point being the most then defined as on fillet curve is extremely
The maximum distance of both sides circle point line, H as shown in Figure 11, the point that fillet curve obtains this maximum distance is this projection
Summit.It should be noted that owing to protruding shape can have a lot of situations of change, although above-mentioned definition is just for having
Several convex shape of limit are made, but its essence spirit is equally applicable to, and difformity is protruding (includes overall evagination, major part
Evagination and local crowning) other situation.The region relating to projection in this patent full text (includes outside overall evagination, major part
Convex and local crowning) calculating the most according to said method, be not repeated.
As preferably, different wide wing is more than other regions at the local crowning height of drill bit crown region or nasal region.
When drill bit passes through the heterogeneity formation condition such as interlayer, gravel layer, the nose of drill bit, shoulder often carry a large amount of broken
Rock load, power consumption so that the cutting tooth Fast Wearing at these positions, and then make drill bit premature failure.In the program, by increasing
Drill bit crown region or the local crowning of nasal region, not only improve the drill bit rock wedging ability at these positions, also increase
Add its abrasion length, thus extend bit life on the basis of promoting drilling efficiency.
As preferably, at least the body profiles line of two wings is the curve with at least one local crowning, institute
State between each curve an at least local crowning overlap or essentially coincide, and arrange between different wing body profiles line
First group of cutting tooth in the local crowning that coincides mutually staggers.
As preferably, at least a wing has preposition wing body profiles line and at least one rearmounted wing basis simultaneously
Body contour line, preposition wing body profiles line and rearmounted wing body profiles line are the song with at least one local crowning
Line.Preferably, local crowning radially or the most mutually staggers along bit cutting contour line along drill bit.
The cutting structure of two asynchronous wings is substantially incorporated on a wing body by such scheme.In the program,
On same wing, two different wing body profiles lines are provided with at least two rows and cut tooth, therefore can not increase wing number
Under conditions of amount, increase the cutter set density of drill bit, the asynchronous cutting structure of strengthening drill bit, be the most also beneficial to expand the stream of drill bit
Road, more fully, effectively utilizes bit operation space, improves the combination property of drill bit.
As preferably, at least a wing has preposition wing body profiles line and at least one rearmounted wing basis simultaneously
Body contour line, preposition wing body profiles line and rearmounted wing body profiles line are the song with at least one local crowning
Line, on described each curve, at least a local crowning overlaps or essentially coincides, and between different wing body profiles line
The first group of cutting tooth being arranged in the local crowning that coincides mutually staggers.So can make the asynchronous cutting knot of privileged sites on drill bit
Structure is strengthened.
As preferably, described wing is provided with at least one proud exposure second group of cutting tooth less than or equal to zero,
Or at least one dead slot is or/and second group be fixed in dead slot is cut tooth.
In the program, it is less than or equal to second group of cutting tooth and the sky of zero relative to wing its proud exposure of body profiles line
Groove (including that built-in tooth and built-in table are inserted etc.) is arranged in wing body the most simultaneously, can not only be greatly increased wing
Abrasion length, is also effectively utilized wing body space, while guaranteeing to creep into than pressure, extends bit life further.
As preferably, cloth in overall or most of evagination or wing region corresponding to local crowning on wing body profiles line
It is equipped with at least one proud exposure second group of cutting tooth less than or equal to zero, or at least one dead slot is or/and be fixed on sky
Second group of cutting tooth in groove.
In the program, owing to the local crowning of wing body creeps into higher than pressure, cutting tooth arranges negligible amounts, the most general
Logical wing is easier to abrasion, and after the abrasion of this part wing body, this region arranges dead slot can make worn-out cutting tooth carry in outside
Depart from rapidly wing body under lotus, and then expose dead slot and second group of cutting tooth, worn-out region is repaired, is ensureing
On the basis of drilling life of bit, the ability of bit cutting rock updated.
As preferably, corresponding to wing cutting wheel profile and the bit cutting contour line of wing body profiles line local crowning
Tangent.
As preferably, corresponding to wing cutting wheel profile and the bit cutting contour line of wing body profiles line local crowning
Partially overlap.
As preferably, described cutting tooth is composite polycrystal-diamond, polycrystal diamond composite teeth, thermally-stabilised glomerocryst Buddha's warrior attendant
Stone cutting tooth, natural diamond cutting tooth, impregnated Adamas cutting tooth, carbide cutting tooth, cubic boron nitride cutting tooth, pottery
Porcelain cuts tooth or the cutting tooth comprising diamond or cubic boron nitride.Impact cutting tooth can be hard-metal insert or use Buddha's warrior attendant
Stone does the hard-metal insert that surface is strengthened.
Aforementioned main formula case of the present invention and each further selection scheme thereof can be this with independent assortment to form multiple schemes
Invention can use and claimed scheme；And the present invention, (each non conflicting selection) select between and and other select between
Can also independent assortment.Those skilled in the art can understand have according to prior art and common knowledge after understanding the present invention program
Multiple combination, is the claimed technical scheme of the present invention, does not do at this exhaustive.
Explanation of nouns:
The proud exposure of cutting tooth: refer to the peak the cutting land distance to wing body profiles line.Exposure is high
Degree just can be, be negative, it is also possible to equal to zero, and when cutting outside land is exposed to wing body, the proud exposure of tooth is just
Value.
First group of cutting tooth: be arranged in the proud exposure cutting tooth more than zero on the wing body cloth flank of tooth.
Second group of cutting tooth: be arranged on wing, and relative to wing body profiles line proud exposure less than or equal to zero
Cutting tooth.In inserted and built-in table is inserted etc. belongs to second group of cutting tooth.
Interior inserted: be less than or equal to the cutting tooth of zero relative to wing body profiles line proud exposure, cutting tooth is except cutting
Other surface (mainly side and bottom end face) beyond working face and wing body comprehensive engagement, and rely on this contact to close
System realizes the consolidation of cutting tooth.I.e. cutting tooth is embedded in wing body or bit body, as illustrated in fig. 17b completely.
Dead slot: be arranged on the wing body below first group of cutting, can be through slot, it is possible to for non-penetrating blind slot.
The effect one of dead slot is can to play to reduce invalid the pressure of the drill disadvantageous to rock cutting that wing body is undertaken after bit wear,
Two is to provide cloth tooth space for built-in table is inserted.
Built-in table is inserted: be fixed on wing body in the dead slot arranged, and its land exposure is in its dead slot surface, place
Cutting tooth.When first group of the inserted front of built-in table cutting tooth and wing body completely worn out after, built-in table is inserted can be as the
One group of cutting tooth, like that with the high specific pressure mode rock cutting that table is inserted, makes the stock-removing efficiency of drill bit obtain a certain degree of extensive
Multiple.Built-in table is inserted inserted to be completely embedded in wing body, as illustrated in fig 17 a unlike interior.The design of dead slot makes to apply
The pressure of the drill inserted in built-in table is not absorbed by wing body about, that is the inserted ratio pressure of built-in table is not because of neighbouring wing body
Exist and substantially reduce so that its working condition is consistent or close with first group of cutting tooth, that is in dead slot near cutting tooth
Wing body is not involved in contacting rock, so that inlaying form rock cutting with table during the inserted work of built-in table, thus it creeps into than pressure
The most substantially reduce for relative first group of cutting tooth, while ensureing cutting tooth wedging ability, improve the use longevity of drill bit
Life.
Cloth tooth axial plane or axial plane: by the plane of drill bit central axis, be mainly used in expressing each footpath cutting tooth on drill bit
To and axial location, and the cutting tooth coverage condition to bottom rock, and the elementary contour feature in shaft bottom.
Shaft bottom coverage diagram: when drill bit rotates around own axes under conditions of axial location is constant, the land of cutting tooth
Contour line and axial plane are crossed to form intersection, and this intersection is the axial plane contour line of cutting tooth, then is taken turns by the axial plane of all main cutting teeth
Profile collects in this axial plane, is the formation of the axial plane cloth tooth figure of drill bit.Because axial plane cloth tooth figure can accurately reflect on drill bit cut
Cut the tooth coverage condition to bottom rock, therefore be again shaft bottom drape tooth figure, be called for short drape tooth figure or shaft bottom coverage diagram.
Bit cutting contour line: in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom, make one tangent with the axial plane contour line of all main cutting teeth
External envelope curve, is bit cutting contour line.This curve characterizes the elementary contour feature in the got out shaft bottom of drill bit.
Wing cutting wheel profile: in the shaft bottom coverage diagram of drill bit, only specifies the cutting tooth on wing to represent certain
Come, and the cutting tooth on other wing is concealed, be the formation of the axial plane cloth tooth figure of this wing.Axial plane cloth tooth figure at wing
In, make an external envelope curve tangent with the axial plane contour line of each main cutting tooth, this envelope is the cutting wheel of this wing
Profile.
Wing body profiles line: definition cloth tooth axial plane in, if drill bit under conditions of axial location is constant around self axle
Line rotates, then, for a certain wing body, its leading flank will scan formation one along with the rotation of drill bit with the intersection of its cloth flank of tooth
The intersection of individual space curved surface, this space curved surface and axial plane is the body profiles line of wing.
Wing body profiles line preposition, rearmounted: if each there is the adjacent of wing body profiles line by two or more
Wing merges into same wing, then arise that a plurality of wing body profiles line, in this case, edge on the wing body after merging
The referred to as preposition wing body profiles line of forefront, bit direction, remaining is rearmounted wing contour line.Same wing body
On adjacent blades body profiles line between may also set up the necessary structure such as runner, hydrophthalmia and nozzle.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:
(1) impingement mix drill bit of the present invention is fixed the differing of body profiles line of wing, can effectively regulate drill bit
Cutter set density, improve drill bit and adapt to the scope on stratum and lasting drilling ability.
(2) impingement mix drill bit drift cutting structure of the present invention crushes bottom rock with the mechanism of impact, is conducive to fixing
Cut the tooth effective wedging to rock on wing, improve efficiency of breaking rock
(3) the cutting tooth that the present invention arranges along wing body profiles line forms multiple step structure in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom,
The axial wear volume of drill bit can be increased, extend the service life of drill bit.Grind in first order cutting tooth (main cutting tooth)
After damage, and it is exposed to outer secondary cutting tooth and can quickly participate in cutting, and keep the high specific pressure state crept into.
(4) in technical solution of the present invention, the wing cutting wheel profile of drill bit is incomplete same with bit cutting contour line, and
Being to partially overlap or contact, other regions do not contact.In the present invention this have asynchronous cutting feature wing, undertake
When the pressure of the drill is identical, compared to having the wing of synchronous cutting feature, the ratio pressure acting on rock is obvious high.Asynchronous wing number is more
Many, this effectiveness (being called for short supercharging effectiveness) promoted than pressing is the most notable.
(5) when wing body profiles line is alternately formed by connecting by lobe and depressed part.Wing has lobe and depressed part
Existence, increase drill bit chip space, reduce landwaste cutting tooth near accumulation, be conducive to cut tooth scattered H/C
But, the thermal wear of cutting tooth is reduced.
(6) present invention reduces the drill bit sensitivity to formation condition, widens the single drill bit subject range to stratum (from soft
Stratum is to hard formation), in soft formation, the cutting tooth near projection can be regarded a big cutting element as and scrape and cut stratum,
Obtain higher rate of penetration and drilling efficiency.In hard formation, rely on omnidistance high specific pressure and axial multilayer can wear volume, obtain
Rate of penetration that must be higher and service life.
(7) region of impact Mixed drilling bit local weak can be strengthened by the technology of the present invention so that impingement mix bores
The sustainable drilling ability of head is further enhanced.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the drill bit structure schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is impulsive force transmission mechanism principle schematic；
The cloth tooth coverage diagram of the existing drill bit of Fig. 3；
Overlapping region and the principle schematic of not overlapping region in Fig. 4 present invention；
Fig. 5 body profiles line entirety evagination or the structural representation of major part evagination；
The body profiles line of Fig. 6 wing be the bossing of the unimodal curve of overall evagination and different wing summit with
The structural representation that one drill bit axial plane internal phase staggers mutually；
The schematic diagram that Fig. 7 projection radially staggers with bit cutting contour line direction；
In Fig. 8 present invention, wing body profiles line collectively covers region, coincidence point, overlapping region and misaligned region
Schematic diagram.
The structural representation of Fig. 9 body profiles line local crowning；
Figure 10 body contour line has multiple local crowning and the different structural representation of convex shape；
Figure 11 invention protrusions circle point and ledge width, the definition schematic diagram of height of projection；
The wing body profiles line of Figure 12 Fig. 1 shape in coverage diagram；
The cloth tooth figure of each wing of Figure 13 Fig. 1；
The overall coverage diagram of Figure 14 Fig. 1；
Structural representation inserted in Figure 15 second embodiment of the invention；
The structural representation that the built-in table of Figure 16 third embodiment of the invention is inserted；
Figure 17 is the inserted and interior inserted sectional view of built-in table；
The difference schematic diagram that in Figure 18 present invention, different built-in tables are inserted；
The structural representation of Figure 19 fourth embodiment of the invention；
The cloth tooth figure of each wing of Figure 20 invention sixth embodiment.
In figure: 1, drill body；11, bit cutting contour line；2, impact cutting structure；21, impact cutting tooth；3, cutter
The wing；31, wing cutting wheel profile；32, the body profiles line of wing；321, the bossing of wing body profiles line；322, convex
Play boundary's point；323, convex apexes；33, the wing cloth flank of tooth；41, first group of cutting tooth；42a, built-in table are inserted；42b, interior inserted；
5, dead slot；61, hydrophthalmia or nozzle；221 is impulsive force transmission mechanism.
Detailed description of the invention
Following non-limiting examples is used for the present invention is described.
Embodiment one
As shown in Fig. 1,2,12,13,14, a kind of die-cut composite drill bit with asynchronous cutting principle, including drill body
1, the wing 3 of relative drill body 1 consolidation, and it is arranged in the hydrophthalmia on drill body 1 or nozzle 61, wing 3 is provided with
Several first group cutting tooth 41, the wing 3 cloth flank of tooth 33 arranges recess in order to fix first group of cutting tooth 41, drill body 1
On have impulsive force transferring structure 221 and impact cutting structure 2, impact cutting structure is disposed with impact cutting tooth 21, at wing
Between runner in be provided with hydrophthalmia or nozzle 61, at least the body profiles line 32 of a wing 3 (can comprise preposition wing
Body profiles line and rearmounted wing body profiles line) collectively covering model with the body profiles line 32 of at least another one wing 3
There is in enclosing at least one misaligned region, and at least one coincidence point or overlapping region.Described first group of cutting tooth 41 can
Think composite polycrystal-diamond, polycrystal diamond composite teeth, TSP cutting tooth, natural diamond cutting
Tooth, impregnated Adamas cutting tooth, carbide cutting tooth, cubic boron nitride cutting tooth, ceramic cutting tooth or comprise diamond or
The cutting tooth of cubic boron nitride.Impact cutting tooth 21 can be hard-metal insert, it is also possible to for the hard of diamond surface hardening
Carbide button.
The body profiles line of wing 3 can be only an entirety or major part evagination unimodal curve, as it is shown in figure 5,
Can also be the polymodal curve with multiple local crowning as shown in Figure 6, wherein, by Fig. 3, as a example by 5, be labeled as the level of R
Direction is drill bit radial direction, and the vertical direction being labeled as Z is that drill bit is axial, drill bit coverage diagram, wing body profiles line in this patent
In the schematic diagram that figure etc. represent in drill bit axial plane, the drill bit of indication radially, axially all should so understand, repeats no more.With drill bit
Drilling direction be axis of ordinates, be radially axis of abscissas.Overall or most of evagination refers on single wing body profiles line
Whole section or major part (ratio of concave portion width and drill bit radius is more than 1/2) be a curve in spirogyrate, this curve
It is formed by connecting with one or more straightways by one or more convex outer curve sections.The body profiles curve one of existing PDC drill bit
As be to be made up of (such as the dotted line in Fig. 5 an arc section and another different arc section or the straightway being smoothly connected therewith
Shown in), the top area of its evagination is referred to as " crown " region or the nasal region of drill bit.The basis that existing PDC drill bit is commonly used
Body contour curve mainly includes following several types (disregarding and the little chamfering of joint, bit gauge footpath): bicone: straight line is (interior
Cone)+circular arc (nose)+straight line (outer shoulder)；Single circular arc type: straight line (inner cone)+circular arc (nose and outer shoulder)；Bicircular arcs type:
Straight line (inner cone)+circular arc (nose)+circular arc (outer shoulder).These a few class contour curves broadly fall into entirety or the feelings of major part evagination
Condition, more specifically, is the unimodal curve of overall evagination.As shown in Fig. 5 (a), Fig. 5 (b), the wherein cutter shown in Fig. 5 (a)
Wing body profiles line is the curve of overall evagination, and the wing body profiles line shown in Fig. 5 (b) is the curve of major part evagination,
The curve of label 32c is the body profiles line of conventional wing in prior art, marks in phantom at this, in order to highlight this
Entirety described in bright or the feature of major part evagination wing body profiles line.Several situations shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are that drill bit is each
The reference example that wing body profiles line is overall or the radial position on the summit of most of concave portion differs.
Local crowning in the present invention, refers to be arranged on regional area (concave portion width on single wing body profiles line
Spend with the ratio of drill bit radius more than 1/2) bossing 321, each bossing is referred to as a local crowning.Constitute local
Protruding curve can be smooth curve, it is also possible to be non-smooth curve.Several feelings as shown in Figure 10 (a), (b), (c)
Condition, during wherein the curve of label 32c is prior art, the body profiles line of conventional wing, marks, in order to highlight in phantom
The feature of the heretofore described wing body profiles line with multiple local crowning.As example, the body of wing 3 is permissible
Be only an entirety or major part evagination unimodal curve, as shown in Figure 4,5, 6, and convex apexes 323 mutually staggers, as figure
4, shown in 6.When wing body is made up of multiple local crownings, the shape of local crowning can be continuous print class parabola such as figure
10 (a), it is also possible to be multistage curve and the convex hull shape curve of circular arc composition, such as Figure 10 (b), it is also possible to be rectangle, such as Figure 10
C (), the cross sectional shape of this outer lug can also is that trapezoidal, oval, the projection of the broken line shape such as rhombus, square, Yi Jiqi
The curve form of his shape, only lists the most typical portion-form at this.
As example, when wing 3 is the polymodal curve with multiple local crowning 321, the curve of local crowning is permissible
It is smooth curve, it is also possible to be non-smooth curve.In coverage diagram, each wing 3 the most mutually staggers at drill bit, such as Figure 12 institute
Show.Figure 14 is the shaft bottom coverage diagram of Fig. 1, and Figure 13 is the coverage diagram of each wing 3, it can easily be seen that the body of each wing 3 from figure
Contour line 32 is separate, and the cutting wheel profile 11 of the cutting wheel profile 32 of each wing 3 and drill bit is only at subregion or point
Overlapping, each wing 3 is respectively provided with asynchronous cutting function.And (multiple step is tied to define overlapped coverage in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom
Structure), particularly at local crowning 321, the cutting tooth being exposed to outside wing body 3 is the most overlapping.Contact with stratum when taking the lead in cuts
After cutting odontotripsis, the cutting tooth being exposed in outer secondary cutting structure will quickly participate in cutting, and drill bit creeps into overall process and is all
High specific pressure, the beneficially raising of drill bit rate of penetration.In this programme, allow also to the lobe on each wing body profiles line curve
The radial position at drill bit is divided to overlap.
Operationally, impact cutting structure 2 is connected to down-the-hole air hammer repeatedly in upper end to impingement mix drill bit of the present invention
Under impact, by force transmission mechanism 221, impulsive force is passed to impact cutting tooth 21 and take the lead in contacting bottom rock, and form impact
Hole, weakens stratum.Secondly, the Adamas cutting tooth easy wedging stratum on wing, and break rock with less energy consumption, improve
Efficiency of breaking rock.Meanwhile, there is the wing 3 of asynchronous cutting power, it is possible to keep the omnidistance high specific pressure crept into, it is ensured that at Mixed drilling bit
While extending the service life of drill bit, improve efficiency of breaking rock.As the further improvement of the embodiment above, same wing
3 are provided simultaneously with a wing body profiles line and at least one rearmounted wing contour line, and along wing body profiles line and wing
Additional wheel profile is fixed with and altogether at least two ranked first group cutting tooth 41.
Embodiment two
As shown in figures 15-18, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one, and difference is, wing 3 is disposed with
Two groups of cutting teeth.In the present invention, first group of cutting tooth 41 that bossing 321 is arranged, is the cutting first contacted with stratum
Tooth, the cutting tooth worn and torn the most at first.Interior inserted 42a is arranged, it is possible to increase wearing and tearing of cutting tooth further at bossing 321
Volume, and then extend bit life, as illustrated in fig. 17b.Additionally, another form of second group of cutting can also be arranged on wing
Tooth (the inserted 42b of built-in table), the inserted 42b of built-in table is arranged in dead slot 5, as illustrated in fig 17 a.Wherein, dead slot 5 can be such as figure
18 (a) runs through the groove of wing front and back sides, it is also possible to be such as the groove of wing leading flank recessed in Figure 18 (b).As entering
One step is preferred, and the bossing 321 (local crowning) of wing 3 and near zone thereof are provided with dead slot 5 and the inserted 42a of built-in table,
As second group of cutting tooth of drill bit, as shown in Figure 15,16.
Embodiment three
As shown in figure 19, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one, two, and difference is, at least two wings
Body profiles line 32 be the curve with local crowning 321, and the misaligned area distribution of each curve is in the interior radial direction of drill bit
2/3rds regions.Curve is the polymodal curve with multiple bossing 321, along wing body profiles line 32 cloth tooth,
Region, heart portion forms multiple step structure.From the point of view of composite drill bit, under the conditions of complex drilling, region, heart portion is the weakest,
Easily cause the initial failure of cutting tooth, in turn result in the inefficacy of drill bit.The present invention can be good at adding cutting of region, heart tonifying portion
Cut can ability and service life, be prevented effectively from heart portion ring cutting or failure phenomenon from the bottom of one's heart, and then extend the service life of drill bit.
Embodiment six
As shown in figure 20, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment one, and its difference is: the body profiles of described wing 3
Line 32 is the polymodal curve with multiple bossing 321 (local crowning), and the local crowning of different wings is at same drill bit shaft
Mutually stagger in face, and correspond to wing cutting wheel profile and the bit cutting contour line phase of wing body profiles line local crowning
Cut.The body profiles line 32 of any of the above-described wing is different from, at least two local on the body profiles line 32 of described wing 3
Projection, the height of local crowning is more than or equal to 2mm.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within god and principle, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. it is applicable to a die-cut composite drill bit for bad ground, including drill body, wing and be arranged on drill body
Hydrophthalmia or nozzle, wing is provided with several first group cutting tooth, the wing cloth flank of tooth arranges recess in order to fix first group
Cutting tooth, drill body is additionally provided with impact cutting structure and impulsive force transmission mechanism, impact cutting structure is disposed with impact
Cutting tooth, impact cutting structure can drill body sliding relatively, it is characterised in that: at least body profiles line of a wing
With the body profiles line of at least another one wing there is in the range of collectively covering at least one misaligned region, and at least
One coincidence point or overlapping region.
It is applicable to the die-cut composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: at least two wings
Body profiles line be entirety or the curve of major part evagination, and described each extra curvature convex domain summit is along drill bit footpath radially
Different to position.
It is applicable to the die-cut composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: at least two wings
Body profiles line be between the curve with at least one local crowning, and described curve and be respectively arranged with at least one local crowning
Radially or the most mutually stagger along bit cutting contour line along drill bit.
It is applicable to the die-cut composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: phase between described curve
The local crowning staggered mutually is distributed in the radial zone beyond drill bit three/Radius.
It is applicable to the die-cut composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: phase between described curve
The local crowning staggered mutually is distributed in the radial zone within drill bit radially 2/3rds radiuses.
It is applicable to the die-cut composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: arrange on described wing
There is at least one proud exposure second group of cutting tooth less than or equal to zero, or at least one dead slot is or/and be fixed on dead slot
Second group of interior cutting tooth.
7. the die-cut composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground as described in any claim in claim 2 to 6, its feature exists
In: it is disposed with at least one in overall or most of evagination or wing region corresponding to local crowning on wing body profiles line and goes out
The dew height second group of cutting tooth less than or equal to zero, or at least one dead slot is or/and second group be fixed in dead slot is cut
Cut tooth.
8. the die-cut composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground as described in any claim in claim 2 to 6, its feature exists
In: the body profiles line of wing, the height of overall or most of evagination or local crowning is not less than 2mm.
9. the die-cut composite drill bit being applicable to bad ground as described in any claim in claim 2 to 6, its feature exists
In: there is entirety or major part evagination or local crowning along drill bit radial direction or partly or entirely the most wrong along bit cutting contour line
The each wing opened is more than other regions at the local crowning height of drill bit crown region or nasal region.
It is applicable to the die-cut composite drill bit of bad ground the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: impact cutting tooth is
Hard-metal insert or with diamond do surface strengthen hard-metal insert.
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| CN201610626566.4A CN106089087B (en) | 2016-08-02 | 2016-08-02 | A kind of punching composite drill bit suitable for bad ground |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610626566.4A CN106089087B (en) | 2016-08-02 | 2016-08-02 | A kind of punching composite drill bit suitable for bad ground |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106089087A true CN106089087A (en) | 2016-11-09 |
| CN106089087B CN106089087B (en) | 2019-02-15 |
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| CN201610626566.4A Active CN106089087B (en) | 2016-08-02 | 2016-08-02 | A kind of punching composite drill bit suitable for bad ground |
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| CN107975341A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-05-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Percussion drill bit tooth, percussion drill bit and method for mounting percussion drill bit tooth |
| CN108049820A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-05-18 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of long-life PDC drill bit with translation wing |
| CN109306851A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-02-05 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of rotary cutting module and the diamond bit with this module |
| CN110067516A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-07-30 | 成都迪普金刚石钻头有限责任公司 | A kind of quick washing-, which is scraped, cuts combined type broken rock PDC drill bit |
| CN110159202A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2019-08-23 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of diamond bit with fixed buffer structure |
| CN111411899A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-14 | 西南石油大学 | PDC drill bit with self-impact capability |
| CN111411897A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-14 | 西南石油大学 | Punching PDC drill bit |
| CN111764832A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-13 | 江苏煤炭地质勘探三队 | PDC drill bit suitable for crushing hard basalt stratum |
| CN111809683A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-23 | 重庆交通大学 | Underwater reef cleaning equipment and fixing device thereof |
| CN112004985A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2020-11-27 | 第六元素公司 | Drill bit with wear protection |
| CN117432340A (en) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-01-23 | 西南石油大学 | PDC drill bit with high specific pressure |
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| CN109306851B (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2024-03-15 | 西南石油大学 | Rotary cutting module and diamond drill bit with same |
| CN109306851A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-02-05 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of rotary cutting module and the diamond bit with this module |
| CN107975341B (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2019-07-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Percussion drill bit tooth, percussion drill bit and method for mounting percussion drill bit tooth |
| CN107975341A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-05-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Percussion drill bit tooth, percussion drill bit and method for mounting percussion drill bit tooth |
| CN112004985A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2020-11-27 | 第六元素公司 | Drill bit with wear protection |
| CN112004985B (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2023-09-29 | 第六元素公司 | Drill bit with wear-resistant protection |
| CN108049820A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-05-18 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of long-life PDC drill bit with translation wing |
| CN110159202A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2019-08-23 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of diamond bit with fixed buffer structure |
| CN110067516A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-07-30 | 成都迪普金刚石钻头有限责任公司 | A kind of quick washing-, which is scraped, cuts combined type broken rock PDC drill bit |
| CN110067516B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2024-03-22 | 倪政敏 | Quick impact-scraping and cutting combined rock breaking PDC drill bit |
| CN111411899A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-14 | 西南石油大学 | PDC drill bit with self-impact capability |
| CN111411897A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-14 | 西南石油大学 | Punching PDC drill bit |
| CN111764832A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-13 | 江苏煤炭地质勘探三队 | PDC drill bit suitable for crushing hard basalt stratum |
| CN111809683A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-23 | 重庆交通大学 | Underwater reef cleaning equipment and fixing device thereof |
| CN117432340A (en) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-01-23 | 西南石油大学 | PDC drill bit with high specific pressure |
| CN117432340B (en) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-03-22 | 西南石油大学 | PDC drill bit with high specific pressure |
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