CN202551902U - Integrated aquaculture system with ecological fish culture and biological water purification - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated breeding system for ecological fish farming and biological water purification, which solves the problems of insufficient feed utilization, aggravated eutrophication of water bodies, and low quality of fish products in current running water fish farming. The utility model is mainly composed of a flow pool with a water inlet (2) and a water outlet (3), and is characterized in that: the water outlet (3) is provided with an intercepting device (4); the intercepting device (4) is 60~400 mesh/inch filter screen. The utility model can make full use of feed to achieve the purpose of feeding less feed or no feed and no fertilizer, and has the advantages of ecological fish farming and biological water purification.

Description

Ecological fish farming and biological water purification integrated farming system

technical field

The utility model relates to a pond for breeding, in particular to a breeding system integrating fish farming in an ecological system and biological water purification.

Background technique

Dahe ecological fish has a wide variety, good taste and rich nutrition, and the market demand exceeds supply; now ecological fish has become a high-end healthy delicacy pursued by fashionable cities. According to the market price, this problem can be better explained. For example, the price difference of catfish is doubled, the difference of Huanglatin and Qingbo fish is 2-3 times, the difference of Jiangtuan is 3-5 times, the difference of soft-shelled turtle is 6-8 times, rare species such as mullet, The price of Iwahara carp reaches 300-400 yuan per kilogram. The price of ecological fish has remained high for a long time, and it has immeasurable development potential. The market's pursuit of big river fish clearly shows that ecological fish has become the development direction of the aquatic product market.

Studies have shown that big river fish grow in a flowing water environment. In addition to flowing water conditions, their living environment also needs fresh water quality and diversified bait. The essence of fresh water quality is oxygen-enriched water (oxygen content above 8.0 mg/L), with no toxic or harmful substances or extremely low content. Recognizing these basic points and requirements, there is a practical basis for imitating wild fish farming: namely Running water, oxygen-enriched water, non-toxic and harmless water sources, pollution-free feed, ecological bait, the basic points of running water wild training in deep water areas, coastal areas and late fattening stages. And existing running water fish culture is to supply oxygen by water flow, and the method for artificial bait is carried out biochemical reaction, thereby obtains fish product. The disadvantages of running water fish farming are:

1. The current designs and methods of fish farming in running water only focus on the pursuit of the unit output of fish products, without considering sustainable development, thereby ignoring the problems of ecological balance and fish product quality. It is the same as the problem of raising chickens in cages at the beginning, that is, it only solved the basic survival problem, and did not pay attention to the diversity of fish needs. Such as fresh water quality, flowing water area, relatively still water area, deep water area, coastal zone, water pollution by fish farming, and wild training in the late stage of fattening and other factors.

2. In order to pursue the unit output of fish products, a large number of chemical substances such as food attractants, growth promoters, and antibiotics are used in the production and preparation of feed, while the pursuit of healthy ecological fish products is ignored.

3. Due to the large amount of feed fed and the high feed coefficient, the current running water fish farming not only increases the eutrophication of the water body, but also has extremely low economic benefits. The existing running water fish farming has been in a stagnant, idle and abandoned state.

4. Existing fish farming in ponds has the problems of overexploitation, serious pollution and low benefit. In the past thirty years, the development of fish culture in ponds has been in a leap period, and the focus of research and development is to increase the output per unit area and solve the problem of food and clothing in the shortage economy period. Affected by the inertial impact of the traditional development model that simply pursues output and economic benefits, fish farming in ponds has been severely over-developed in the "Two Lakes" and the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas. The main manifestations are: first, a large number of ponds are built; second, a large number of feeds and fertilizers are used; The result of over-exploitation has caused damage to the ecological environment of the water area, resulting in serious diseases in fishery production, a significant decline in economic benefits, and difficulty in sustainable development.

The disadvantages of fish farming in ponds are specifically manifested in: single cultured species and production mode; low-quality and high-quality products, severe eutrophication of the aquatic ecological environment; low economic benefits, continuous decline in fisheries and farmers' income, and impoverished production and living environments. Fishermen solve the problem of declining economic income by expanding the scale of ponds, increasing the number of fish species and increasing the amount of feed. As a result, they fall into this vicious circle of "yield" in a cycle.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to solve the problems of insufficient feed utilization for current running water fish farming, aggravation of eutrophication of water body, low quality of fish products, etc., including some problems existing in pond fish farming, and to provide an ecological fish farming that solves the above problems And biological water purification integrated breeding system.

Aquatic scientific research and practitioners should pay attention to: 1. No business behavior can sacrifice environmental protection. Without environmental protection, we will have no future; 2. Fishery is an important part of the ecological environment of water areas. Maintaining the ecological environment of water areas and protecting the ecological balance of water areas are important As the inevitable requirement of social development, it is our unshirkable responsibility and obligation to transform production-oriented fisheries into functional and environment-friendly fisheries.

The principle of the utility model is to provide dissolved oxygen and plankton through ecological flowing water, and simulate the natural ecology of flowing water to form a production line for multi-level biological utilization to produce healthy and high-quality aquatic products. The key technology is to make full use of the plankton provided by the flowing water ecosystem and simulate the natural ecological environment of the flowing water, so as to simulate wild fish farming. There are two goals to be pursued. One is the significance of environmental protection—it has the function of protecting the ecological environment of water areas and maintaining ecological balance; the other is healthy ecological fish products.

The technical solution is as follows:

The ecological fish farming and biological water purification integrated breeding system is mainly composed of a flowing water pool with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the water outlet is provided with an intercepting device.

Further, the intercepting device is a filter screen of 60-400 mesh/inch.

As a preference, a water retaining wall embedded in the wall of the water retaining pool is also provided at the water outlet of the flowing water pool, and a drainage bottom hole is also arranged on the water retaining wall; the filter screen is arranged on the water retaining wall and covers The drainage bottom hole.

In order to effectively control the height of the water level in the flow pool, a water level control wall embedded in the wall of the flow pool is further arranged between the water retaining wall and the water outlet.

Further, a bottom hole is provided on the water level control wall.

As a preferred arrangement, a fish fence is arranged on the drainage bottom hole.

Furthermore, the water retaining wall and the water level control wall are both made of cement mortar, and the wall of the flowing pool is made of concrete.

Preferably, the filter screen is 60-200 mesh/inch.

The utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. The utility model effectively enriches the naturally existing plankton in the flowing water pool through the setting of the filter screen, and continuously increases the concentration of the plankton in the flowing water pool as the flowing water goes on, thereby providing filter-feeding fish species, most aquatic animal larvae and shrimp, shellfish, etc. provide extremely rich natural bait to achieve the purpose of ecological breeding without bait and fertilizer, which not only reduces the cost of breeding, but also realizes green farming, responding to the national green environmental protection The call of breeding kills two birds with one stone;

2. The utility model effectively enriches zooplankton through the filter screen, and intercepts organic matter, bacterial clusters, phytoplankton, etc. in the water body through the enriched zooplankton, so that the water body eutrophicated by environmental factors or fish farming factors can be obtained Purify or significantly improve to achieve the purpose of maintaining ecological balance;

3. The setting of the filter screen of the utility model makes the feed powder and fish excrement also be intercepted, so that the feed powder can be better utilized, the feed utilization rate can be significantly improved, and the production cost can be reduced;

4. This utility model is suitable for water eutrophication treatment in sub-basins. Each flowing water fish farm can be a biological water purification factory, which can give full play to the function of fishery water purification, maintain the balance of the ecological environment of the water area, and realize "water control with fish" and "developing water" Seeking protection", "seeking development while protecting", the development and requirements of environmental protection industrialization;

5. This utility model is suitable for the transformation and upgrading of flowing water fish farms, and effectively activates a large number of investments in the 1980s and 1990s, and achieves the purpose of protecting the ecological environment of water areas and greatly improving the economic benefits of running water fish farms with the smallest investment. It saves manpower and material resources; it is also suitable for the transformation of pond fish farming, so that the pond outlet can be transformed and upgraded, and the fishery production discharge water standard can be improved, which is of great significance to environmental protection;

6. The utility model can be associated with a small hydropower station. By simulating rivers and riverbeds to build a large-scale natural ecological fishing (leisure) field, the fishery and leisure can be integrated into one, so as to develop a large number of water conservancy and fishery resources and improve economic benefits;

7. The utility model can also cultivate aquatic products by simulating the ecological environment, so that the quality of aquatic products can be improved. Cutting off or opening the water inlet and water outlet of the utility model can realize the exchange of running water fish farming and pond fish farming. The fish farming mode has opened up a new concept of all-round imitation wild fish farming, and has broad application prospects.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of section A-A in Fig. 1 .

The reference signs in the figure are as follows:

1—flow pool, 2—water inlet, 3—water outlet, 4—intercepting device, 5—retaining wall, 6—drainage bottom hole, 7—water level control wall, 8—empty bottom hole, 9—fish fence.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the examples and accompanying drawings, but the implementation of the utility model is not limited to the following examples.

Example

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the breeding system of the present utility model is mainly made up of the flowing pool 1 that has water inlet 2 and water outlet 3, and described water outlet 3 places are provided with intercepting device 4, and this intercepting device 4 is 60～ 400 mesh/inch filter screen; the filter screen is preferably 60-200 mesh/inch. The setting of the filter screen is detachable, through which it can be taken out for cleaning at any time to prevent clogging.

The running pool 1 in the present embodiment is designed to be a common pond area, generally 10 to 30 mu, and has a complete pond fish farming function. While realizing running water fish farming, through the blocking and opening of water inlet 2 and water outlet 3, the mutual conversion and mutual cooperation of pond fish farming and running water fish farming can be realized, so as to realize the water flow in the flowing water pool 1. The combination of product maintenance and training improves the quality of aquatic products.

The setting of the filter screen can effectively prevent the zooplankton from being carried away by the water flow, and concentrate them to form a compound ecological farm for fish farming and zooplankton cultivation in flowing water. The zooplankton enriched in the running water pool can provide extremely rich natural bait for filter-feeding fish, most aquatic larvae, shrimps, shellfish, etc., and reduce production costs. At the same time, the zooplankton can also intercept organic matter, bacterial mass, phytoplankton, etc. in the water body, so that the water body eutrophicated by environmental factors or fish farming factors can be purified or greatly improved.

The filter screen can also effectively intercept the feed powder and fish excrement, so that the feed powder can be better utilized, the utilization rate of the feed powder can be obviously improved, and the production cost can be reduced. At the same time, the filter screen also effectively protects the environment and prevents serious eutrophication of the water ecological environment caused by running water aquaculture.

In the present embodiment, the filter screen is preferably 120 mesh/inch. At the same time, the selection of the filter is various. The filter screen can be made of nylon or stainless steel wire, or it can be made of environmental protection and antifouling materials, such as: photocatalyst filter screen, synthetic resin filter screen, etc. The filter screen of the present embodiment is made of nylon screen silk.

The water outlet 3 in the flow pool 1 is also provided with a water retaining wall 5 embedded in the wall of the flow pool 1, and the water retaining wall 5 is also provided with a drainage bottom hole 6; the filter screen is arranged on the water retaining wall 5 and cover the drainage bottom hole 6; the drainage bottom hole 6 is provided with a fish fence 9. A water level control wall 7 embedded in the wall of the flow pool 1 is also arranged between the water retaining wall 5 and the water outlet 3 . The water level control wall 7 is provided with an empty bottom hole 8 .

By covering all the drainage bottom holes 6 with the filter screen, the zooplankton in the flow pool 1 can be blocked, preventing them from flowing out of the flow pool 1 with the water flow, so as to achieve the purpose of enriching zooplankton. Simultaneously, when the filter screen in front of water retaining wall 5 was destroyed, the fish fence 9 installed on this drainage bottom hole 6 can effectively stop the aquatic products in the flow pool 1 from swimming out, thereby preventing the economic loss of fishermen.

The height of the water level control wall 7 can be adjusted, and by adjusting the height of the water level control wall 7, the control of the water level in the flow pool 1 can be realized; When needing to empty, only need to open this emptying bottom hole 8 and can realize the emptying of the water in the flow pool 1.

The pool walls of the running water pool 1 of the utility model are all made of concrete with a strength of C20, and the water retaining wall 5 and the water level control wall 7 are all made of M10 cement mortar, and the strength of the water retaining wall 5 and the water level control wall 7 is both C20.

The breeding system of the present utility model can also be produced by transforming a flow pool or a pond. When installing filter screens in the renovation or new construction of flowing water fish farms, it is possible to adapt measures to local conditions and make the best use of the situation, expand the area of the single pond as much as possible, and combine the requirements of the cultured species and farming mode to set up ecological conditions such as flowing water areas, relatively still water areas, deep water areas, and coastal areas. Environmental factors, to achieve the combination of "movement" and "static". At the same time, running water fish farming and pond fish farming cooperate with each other and transform each other. Through the combination of modern scientific and technological achievements - deep water aeration technology, the dissolved oxygen content in water can reach more than 8 mg per liter, and high-quality ecological aquatic products can be produced. The utility model can also achieve the purpose of cultivating seedlings by controlling the flow and velocity of flowing water flowing into the flowing water pool.

Utilize the structure of the present utility model to carry out the cultivation process of aquatic products as follows:

In natural ecology, phytoplankton absorb nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the water body, and produce them through photosynthesis; zooplankton enriched through the filter screen use the phytoplankton, organic debris, bacterial clusters, etc. to produce ; And the zooplankton, phytoplankton, organic debris, bacterial clusters, etc. are directly fed by filter-feeding fish, snails, shrimps, etc. as bait. Through the above settings, the enrichment of basic ecological bait can be realized, so as to achieve the purpose of less bait or no bait and no fertilizer.

At the same time, the utility model can also use aquatic animal larvae as bait to raise higher-level carnivorous fish, so as to achieve the purpose of various types of aquatic products. That is to say, the plankton can be directionally transformed into white silver carp and small miscellaneous fish, and then transformed into precious carnivorous fish such as mandarin fish, catfish, and mullet; the plankton can also be transformed into snails, shrimps, and then transformed into ecological soft-shelled turtles.

Through experimental testing, it is found that the filter screens between 60-400 mesh/inch can achieve the above functions and achieve the purpose of enriching zooplankton; the larger the mesh number of the filter screen, the stronger the fish farming and water purification functions. However, the relative area of the filter will also increase, and the cleaning will be more frequent, otherwise it will be easily blocked. With the update and improvement of the cleaning method, the mesh number of the filter can be increased as required.

Through testing, it is found that when there is no filter screen in the flowing water fish pond, the output of silver carp and silver carp is almost no or very low. When the filter screen is installed, the flow rate of 1 ^m3 /s is equivalent to 130 mu of ponds with the same water quality Its production capacity can be limited to 10,000-15,000 kilograms within an acre of running water, and its potential economic benefits are 60,000-90,000 yuan. In order to improve product quality, the preferred solution is 2500-3000 kg/mu.

Through the above structure, the utility model can be better realized.

Claims (8)

1. The integrated breeding system for ecological fish farming and biological water purification is mainly composed of a flowing water pool (1) with a water inlet (2) and a water outlet (3), characterized in that: the internal water outlet of the flowing water pool (1) (3) An intercepting device (4) is provided in front. 2. The ecological fish farming and biological water purification integrated breeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the intercepting device (4) is a filter screen of 60-400 mesh/inch. 3. The ecological fish farming and biological water purification integrated breeding system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the water outlet (3) in the flowing water pool (1) is also provided with a wall embedded in the flowing water pool (1) A water retaining wall (5), the water retaining wall (5) is also provided with a drainage bottom hole (6); the filter screen is arranged on the water retaining wall (5) and covers the drainage bottom hole (6). 4. The ecological fish farming and biological water purification integrated aquaculture system according to claim 3, characterized in that: an embedded flow pool (1) is also provided between the water retaining wall (5) and the water outlet (3) The water level control wall (7) of the pool wall. 5. The ecological fish farming and biological water purification integrated farming system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the water level control wall (7) is provided with a bottom hole (8). 6. The ecological fish farming and biological water purification integrated farming system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the bottom drainage hole (6) is provided with a fish blocking fence (9). 7. The ecological fish farming and biological water purification integrated breeding system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the water retaining wall (5) and the water level control wall (7) are both made of cement mortar, and the flowing water Pool (1) The pool wall is made of concrete. 8. The ecological fish farming and biological water purification integrated aquaculture system according to any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that: the filter screen is 60-200 mesh/inch.

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