CN201785385U - Anaerobic dry type methane fermentation device for silkworm excrements - Google Patents

Anaerobic dry type methane fermentation device for silkworm excrements Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201785385U
CN201785385U CN200920265009XU CN200920265009U CN201785385U CN 201785385 U CN201785385 U CN 201785385U CN 200920265009X U CN200920265009X U CN 200920265009XU CN 200920265009 U CN200920265009 U CN 200920265009U CN 201785385 U CN201785385 U CN 201785385U
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China
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fermentation
tank body
dry type
silkworm
feed
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN200920265009XU
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
高云超
肖更生
廖森泰
徐玉娟
吴娱明
刘学铭
陈智毅
邹宇晓
施英
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Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute Guangdong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Guangdong Bosun Healthy Food Research Development Center
Sericulture and Agri Food Research Institute GAAS
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Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute Guangdong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Guangdong Bosun Healthy Food Research Development Center
Sericulture and Agri Food Research Institute GAAS
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Priority to CN200920265009XU priority Critical patent/CN201785385U/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/48—Holding appliances; Racks; Supports
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anaerobic dry type methane fermentation device for silkworm excrements, and aims at providing a harmless fermentation processor dedicated for sericiculture peasant households, wherein the structure of the harmless fermentation processor is closed, the diffusion and the propagation of pathogenic fungus can be prevented, the structure is simple, the cultivation environment of a silkworm area can be improved, and pathogen transmission and odor pollution of excrements can be solved. The anaerobic dry type methane fermentation device comprises a feeding system, a discharging system and a fermentation chamber. The feeding system comprises a feed pipe and a movable cover board; the discharging system comprises a discharge pipe and a discharging valve; the feed pipe is welded with a tank body in a sealing manner; the height of the feed pipe is less than the radius of the tank body; therefore, a methane fermentation tank can carry out dry type fermentation. The silkworm excrements account for about 20 to 40 percent of the weight when materials are fed through the feed pipe, and diluting water with the weight of 60 to 80 percent needs to be added at the same time, so that the effectiveness of the dry type methane fermentation is ensured. The valve is opened after the fermentation is finished, and biogas manure and treated water are dumped through a discharge port.

Description

A kind of silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas fermentation device
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of device that utilizes the silkworm excrement anaerobically fermenting to prepare biogas, particularly a kind of silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas fermentation device.
Background technology
Silkworm excrement is that silkworm is got remaining residual leaf, spray, silkworm faeces behind the food mulberry leaf, casts off a skin and the general name of other foreign material.It is estimated that the silk cocoon that every production is 100 kilograms can get 600 kilograms dried silkworm excrement, silkworm excrement is nitrogenous 1.28%, phosphorus 0.18%, and potassium 0.21%, so silkworm excrement has utility value preferably.Along with the development of China's sericulture there, silkworm district silkworm excrement quantity constantly increases, and how to manage silkworm excrement, and the resource effect of performance silkworm excrement and reduce the propagation of flacherie evil is very important for the Sustainable development of sericulture there.
China silkworm district is distributed in the provinces more than 24 in the whole nation, plants Sang Yangcan and in certain areas be professional with zonal, and local silkworm excrement resource is huge, and silkworm excrement and sericulture rubbish mixed-stacking become one of source of the agricultural pollution of locality.Always there is the tradition of utilizing silkworm excrement to make fertilizer in China rural area, but when handling silkworm excrement, what have directly is sprinkling upon in paddy field, vegetable plot, the mulberry field, and what have teds and place in the silkworm room and pile up on every side in the silkworm room.These silkworm excrements can cause the popular of flacherie if the cause of disease of flacherie is arranged, and as diseases such as mind-intesting cytoplasmic polyhedrosis, viral flacheries, the sick silkworm of 1 mind-intesting cytoplasmic polyhedrosis has 6 * 10 in 5 length of times according to one's analysis 7～60 * 10 7Individual polyhedron, it is susceptible to cause tens thousand of boss silkworms, and and for example the viral flacherie silkworm faeces of discharging back 48 hours of infection has contained pathogen, and being on the increase of cause of disease output is till sick silkworm death.Therefore, if silkworm excrement without harmless treatment, the huge microorganism cause of disease of various quantity will spread everywhere, cause the popular of flacherie, not only directly jeopardize the raising of this season silkworm, after also can influencing each phase silkworm raising, so the innoxious of silkworm excrement is link very important in the sericulture process.
Silkworm and mulberry are conventional industries of China, handle good silkworm excrement and have purposes widely, for example use silkworm excrement and can be used as medicine, prepare daily necessities such as pillow etc.Use the Agro-ecology pattern of mulberry fish pond in Delta of the Pearl River area traditionally, dig the pool and build base, plant Sang Yangcan, silkworm excrement is fed fish, and pond sludge is made Sang Ji fertilizer again.Silkworm excrement is good animal feed, dries the silkworm faeces of gained through screening, has certain feed nutritive value.Silkworm faeces also can be used as the culture material of edible mushrooms etc.Silkworm excrement also can be produced industrial chemicals such as chlorophyll, pectin etc. in addition.As seen the purposes of silkworm excrement raw material and exploitation are extremely wide.
The fermentation of biogas anaerobism dry type is meant that the organic waste dry substance concentration is at the fermenting process more than 20% in the biogas fermentation reaction system.China generally promotes in the rural area wet type fermentation and biogas production as rural energy at present, the GB/T4750-1984 " rural area family expenses hydraulic type biomass pool standard collective drawings " that China Standard Press in 1984 has published State Bureau of Standardization's issue has proposed the standard and the structure of rural area hydraulic type biomass pool, and China Standard Press in 2002 has published among the GB/T4750-2002 " domestic methane tank standard collective drawings " of national quality supervision and inspection quarantine office issue and proposed " meander cloth methane-generating pit ", " precast rc slab assembling methane-generating pit ", " round shape methane-generating pit ", " elliposoidal methane-generating pit ", " separating storage air-float hood methane-generating pit " is the residents methane-generating pit.Sludge gas dry fermentation is based on the wet type fermentation, Ye Sen etc. have delivered " automatic sludge discharge biogas dry fermentation device " in 1989 the 4th phases of " Chinese biogas " magazine and have proposed automatic discharge dry fermentation methane device and corresponding semicontinuous dried zymotechnique, Kang Hengde has introduced " design and application that the double dynamical anaerobic reaction of self-circulation is produced firedamp gas equipment ", and to have invented small-sized dry fermentation methane pond be by sweathouse in 2009 the 2nd phases of " energy-conservation " magazine, dividing plate, the annulus wall, feed-pipe, discharge nozzle, the storage air-float hood, airway, upspout, manhole, the reflux cycle diversion three-way, formations such as hand operated forcepump, Ma Yunrui etc. have developed the dried fermentation vat of separation gas storage constant voltage in " Chinese biogas " the 2nd phase of nineteen ninety " Ningxia is done cold area and separated gas storage constant pressure type dry fermentation methane technology and benefit ".These dry fermentation devices and technology are mainly used in handles livestock industry sewage.
At present the main mode handled of China's silkworm district silkworm excrement is simple compost, biogas processing, direct returning to farmland, method such as abandons, mainly promote the use of aspect the biogas processing brick mixes or cement is made family with wet type biogas pond and hydraulic type biomass pool as silkworm excrement processing use the pond.
There is following shortcoming in these methods: 1, the open pile fertilizer technology is piled up everywhere, and fixing compost place not blowing, under the hazard weather such as heavy rain, propagating pathogenic bacteria everywhere, causes the propagation of silkworm district pathogenic bacteria easily; 2, pathogenic bacteria can be propagated, be disperseed, transport to processes such as the collection of silkworm excrement, pack, accumulation, storage, transportation in these processes; 3, construction volume in wet type biogas pond is big, and efficient is low, needs professional contingent's building, and is strongly professional; 4, the methane-generating pit construction investment is big, and the construction period is long.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of use simple, and standardization and equipmentization are at the molding device and the technology of specialty sericulture peasant household use.Be to be the silkworm excrement innoxious anaerobism dry type biogas treatment process and the device of unit with single peasant household, be tank structure space sealing, that be isolated from the outside, be silkworm excrement adopt that the dry type biogas fermentation method handles a kind of easy, produce the innoxious measure of biogas efficiently.
Target of the present utility model is by providing a kind of marsh-gas fermentation tank with following structure to realize.
Silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas generating device of the present utility model is that the biogas tank body is formed by feed system, discharge system and sweathouse, feed-pipe is to prolong to enter tank body, it is pipe fitting with certain altitude with the tank body sealing, feed-pipe and tank body sealed attachment and height are less than the tank body radius, the marsh-gas fermentation tank top that forms constitutes air chamber like this, can carry out the dry type fermentation.
Feed system comprises feed-pipe 2 and feed-pipe cover plate 3, and the feed-pipe position is greatly about a side of marsh-gas fermentation tank, and is corresponding with the discharge nozzle position.The length of feed-pipe is less than the radius of tank body, because feed-pipe seals, so the length of feed-pipe is exactly the height of biogas fermentation device air chamber, feed-pipe has certain length, so charging directly enters the lower floor of biogas jar one end.There is removable cover 3 the feed-pipe outside, is the cover plate of opening for feed, and purpose is to prevent to expose to the sun and rain, and hinge and bolt are installed on the feed-pipe cover plate, has formed a removable cover like this, opens cover plate when charging, pours silkworm excrement into.Opening for feed also is a water-in, because need add the organism more than 20% during the anaerobism dry process, so need to add the fermentation water, water accounts for 60～80% of total material, and the inlet of water also enters from opening for feed.
Biogas tank body sweathouse 1 is the tank body of a closure, and tank body adopts the cuboid design, its square section be circular, oval, rectangle all can, the utility model use cylinder bodily form space.The design of tank body sweathouse 1 upper central has a methane outlet pipe 4, and this biogas pipe size is set according to the requirement of external biogas pipe.The sweathouse tank body is separated by dividing plate mutually with water inlet pipe, because the stopping property of water inlet pipe, jar intravital space can be used as the air chamber of biogas between whole water inlet pipe and biogas fermentation.It below the whole tank body tank body support 7, the tank body support plays support, ventilation, isolation, increase height, effect such as prevent to sink, and support can be that stainless steel also can be iron, and height can design as required, the whole tank body in the preferably horizontal shop of support size is so that load-bearing.
Discharge system comprises discharge nozzle 5 and valve (gate) 6, mate with the discharging bore in the aperture of valve, discharging bore and valve are designed to more than 0.2 meter, be unlikely to stop up discharge port like this, discharging is convenient and swift, discharge port is in an other side of opening for feed, and the discharge port design attitude is in the least significant end of tank body.
The utility model has the advantages that: 1, structure sealing prevents diffusion and the propagation of pathogenic bacteria; 2, one jar of design of a family, a tank body is exactly the treatment plant of a specialist, then goes into jar when silkworm excrement, when the land for growing field crops needs fertile the use, gets fertilizer and uses; 3, manufacture and design simply, cheap, can save artificial and labor force; 4, can improve rural environmental hygiene, solve fecal pollution, prevent stench.5, do the fermentation design owing to adopting, use less tank body can handle the silkworm excrement of high density, improved the validity and the volume that has reduced tank body of equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 faces structure iron (Fig. 1) for the utility model silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas fermentation device;
Fig. 2 is the utility model silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas fermentation device side cutaway view (Fig. 2);
Fig. 3 is the utility model silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas fermentation device vertical view (Fig. 3).
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The utility model belongs to the agricultural synthesis that utilizes the sericulture waste to produce rural energy in the ecological sericulture process in silkworm district and utilizes pattern, and silkworm excrement after the processing and natural pond liquid can be used for fertilizer, can be applied to land for growing field crops or mulberry field.The user can select the processing tank body of different sizes according to sericulture scale situation.According to sericulture peasant household experience, 3 cubic metres of volumetrical silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas generating devices are used in the suggestion of general sericulture family, 5 cubic metres silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas generating device is used in the suggestion of medium scale sericulture peasant household, and the peasant household of breeding silkworms on a large scale uses a plurality of 5 cubic metres silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas generating devices as required.
The utility model silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas generating device tank body volume calculation method, establishing length of tank is L (rice), radius is R (rice), tank body volume V (cubic meter rice), V=π R 2* L.
Following table is the structure of 3 cubic metres and 5 cubic metres different shapes tank bodies, and unit is rice or cubic meter.
The utility model silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas generating device tank body is generally L=1～4 meter, because be subjected to the influence of plate size size, general height is H=1～2 meter, for the convenience of processing, generally uses right cylinder.Application is full-time farm, small-sized sericulture self-employed worker, the silkworm field, professional villages and small towns of breeding silkworms etc. carries out the silkworm excrement harmless treatment and silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas is handled and the bantam of production energy biogas and organic fertilizer.As shown in drawings, among the figure, tank body sweathouse 1, feed-pipe 2, feed-pipe cover plate 3, methane outlet pipe 4, discharge nozzle 5, gate 6, support 7.
Embodiment 1, the cylinder bodily form, silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas generating device cumulative volume is 5 cubic metres.Long 3.5 meters of whole tank body, 0.3 meter of feed tube diameter, 0.4 meter of feed-pipe cover plate diameter, biogas pipe diameter 1cm, 1.36 meters of biogas jar diameters, 0.4 meter of feed-pipe length, the discharging valve uses Plastic valve, diameter is 0.2 meter, and 0.2 meter of discharge nozzle diameter is also made flange and is connected with Plastic valve, and discharge nozzle is positioned at the least significant end of whole tank body.Tank body is a cylinder type, 1.36 meters of diameters, and 3.5 meters of length are used 304 stainless steel materials, sheet metal thickness 2mm.The support of tank body supports whole tank body and uses, and highly is 0.2 meter, the supporting beam of support as much as possible so that Secure Application.
Embodiment 2, the cylinder bodily form, silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas generating device cumulative volume is 3 cubic metres.Long 2.65 meters of whole tank body, 0.3 meter of feed tube diameter, 0.4 meter of feed-pipe cover plate diameter, biogas pipe diameter 1cm, 1.2 meters of biogas jar diameters, 0.4 meter of feed-pipe length, the discharging valve uses Plastic valve, diameter is 0.2 meter, and 0.2 meter of discharge nozzle diameter is also made flange and is connected with Plastic valve, and discharge nozzle is positioned at the least significant end of whole tank body.Tank body is a cylinder type, uses 304 stainless steel materials, sheet metal thickness 1.5mm.The support of tank body supports whole tank body and uses, and highly is 0.2 meter, the supporting beam of support as much as possible so that Secure Application.
Embodiment 3, the utility model device can be made rectangle, silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas generating device cumulative volume is 3 or 5 cubic metres.Material uses 304 stainless steel materials, sheet metal thickness 2mm, and the concrete size of tank body is as shown in Table.
Embodiment 4, the utility model device can be made ellipse, and silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas generating device cumulative volume is 3 or 5 cubic metres.Material uses 304 stainless steel materials, sheet metal thickness 2mm, and the concrete size of tank body is as shown in Table.
Embodiment 5, the using method of the utility model device has two kinds, a kind of is charging at any time, or continuously feeding, open the charging cover plate during charging, silkworm excrement is poured in the opening for feed, can repeatedly pour silkworm excrement on a small quantity into, open at any time, close cover plate at any time, but for effectively carrying out of guaranteeing to ferment, must add the water yield that weight is several times of raw materials simultaneously with charging during charging, account for about 20%～40% of gross weight greatly to guarantee silkworm excrement, water accounts for about 60～80% dry type fermentation condition of total amount, adding water can be that clear water can be a sewage also, but in the water washing composition can not be arranged, the chemical substance of influence such as agricultural chemicals fermentation exists.The fermentation time of biogas is about 2 months, when using fertilizer, opens valve and draws out fertilizer from discharge port, uses fertilizer at any time, draws fertilizer at any time.
Embodiment 6, another using method of the utility model device is a batch fermentation, or batch fermentation, open the charging cover plate during charging, pour in the opening for feed silkworm excrement is disposable, the weight of pouring into is 20%～40% of gross weight, add 60%～80% moisture simultaneously, this is the prerequisite of dry type fermentation, and adding water can be that clear water can be a sewage also, but can not have the chemical substance of influence fermentations such as washing composition, agricultural chemicals to exist in the water.The fermentation time of biogas is about 2 months, when using fertilizer, opens valve and draws out fertilizer from discharge port, uses fertilizer at any time, draws fertilizer at any time.

Claims (1)

1. silkworm excrement anaerobism dry type biogas fermentation device, be the cylinder bodily form or the rectangle tank body of a closure, form by feed system, discharge system and sweathouse, it is characterized in that: feed-pipe is to prolong to enter tank body, it is pipe fitting with certain altitude with the tank body sealing, feed-pipe and tank body sealed attachment and height are less than the tank body radius, and the marsh-gas fermentation tank top that forms constitutes air chamber like this, can carry out the dry type fermentation.
CN200920265009XU 2009-12-11 2009-12-11 Anaerobic dry type methane fermentation device for silkworm excrements Expired - Fee Related CN201785385U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102630467A (en) * 2012-05-02 2012-08-15 陈周武 Planting method of gynostemma pentaphyllum
CN102771451A (en) * 2012-08-25 2012-11-14 柳州市农业科学研究所 Silkworm excrement innocent treatment method
CN102796766A (en) * 2012-08-29 2012-11-28 江苏科技大学 Production method for methane

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102630467A (en) * 2012-05-02 2012-08-15 陈周武 Planting method of gynostemma pentaphyllum
CN102771451A (en) * 2012-08-25 2012-11-14 柳州市农业科学研究所 Silkworm excrement innocent treatment method
CN102796766A (en) * 2012-08-29 2012-11-28 江苏科技大学 Production method for methane

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Granted publication date: 20110406

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