CN201694994U - Clock-type biomass thermal cracking integrated equipment - Google Patents
Clock-type biomass thermal cracking integrated equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN201694994U CN201694994U CN2009201603509U CN200920160350U CN201694994U CN 201694994 U CN201694994 U CN 201694994U CN 2009201603509 U CN2009201603509 U CN 2009201603509U CN 200920160350 U CN200920160350 U CN 200920160350U CN 201694994 U CN201694994 U CN 201694994U
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000007233 catalytic pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010504 bond cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011285 coke tar Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005235 decoking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to clock-type biomass thermal cracking integrated equipment, which comprises a thermal cracking reaction kettle main body, a pyrolysis gasification chamber, a catalytic cracking chamber and a combustion chamber, wherein the pyrolysis gasification chamber is vertically arranged in the thermal cracking reaction kettle main body; the lateral part of the pyrolysis gasification chamber is provided with a vapour conveying pipe communicated in the pyrolysis gasification chamber; the catalytic cracking chamber is vertically arranged in the thermal cracking reaction kettle main body; a certain gap is reserved between the catalytic cracking chamber and the pyrolysis gasification chamber; the upper part of the catalytic cracking chamber is provided with a fuel gas output pipe; a filter screen and a catalyst bed layer are arranged in the catalytic cracking chamber; a gas outlet of the pyrolysis gasification chamber is communicated with the filter screen and the catalyst bed layer; the combustion chamber is vertically arranged in the thermal cracking reaction kettle main body and between the pyrolysis gasification chamber and the catalytic cracking chamber; and the lower part of the combustion chamber is also provided with a fuel inlet. In the equipment of the utility model, pyrolysis gas is directly induced into the cracking chamber so as to improve heat efficiency and effectively avoid the condition of easy heat loss of a conventional pyrolysis and cracking equipment separated process.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus.
Background technology
Biomass coke tar is the by product that produces in pyrolysis and the gasification, and tar is mainly the aggregate than macromolecular hydrocarbon.Tar ingredients is very complicated, and the composition that can analyze has kind more than 100, also has a lot of compositions to be difficult to determine, major part is the derivative and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of benzene.
The existence of tar all has bigger influence for the quality of pyrolysis product and relevant equipment.The energy of tar generally accounts for 10%～15% of biomass total energy, is separated system owing to this part energy is difficult to utilize, and has reduced the biomass utilising efficiency; Secondly, tar forms heavy-gravity liquid after the condensation in the combustion gas course of conveying, be attached on the wall of pipeline and equipment, can cause the obstruction of pipeline; Moreover tar the time is easy to generate carbon black in burning, pollutes and utilizes equipment that severe impairment is arranged to combustion gas.It is exactly under the effect of high temperature and catalyzer that biomass coke tar is carried out cracking, and coke tar cracking for low molecule combustion gas, has not only been solved the harm problem of tar, and can improve combustion gas output and calorific value.The biomass coke tar catalytic pyrolysis had both improved gasification efficiency, had improved the utility value of synthetic gas again, utilized technology to have decisive significance to development and popularization biomass higher-grade.
In the prior biological matter coke tar cracking technology, the shared same stainless steel tube of coke tar cracking reactor and biomass pyrolysis reactor, the coke tar cracking reactor places the pyrolysis reactor top, enter this coke tar cracking reactor behind the biomass pyrolytic, the thermopair of also having placed two same models in this coke tar cracking reactor is with the monitoring bed temperature, and the type of heating of this coke tar cracking reactor, temperature controller are identical with pyrolysis reactor.The tar pyrolysis cracker of this mode adopts two cover heating units, to consume a large amount of heat energy to a certain extent, gas after the pyrolysis simultaneously need feed the catalyst for cracking bed by connecting tube, understands the thermosteresis of some in this process, has certain defective aspect energy-conservation.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the defective of prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of biomass coke tar catalytic pyrolysis equipment that integrates gasifying biomass and catalytic pyrolysis.The utility model uses the heating source of powdery biomass fuel while as biomass pyrolytic and catalytic cracking of tar.The high-temp combustion that adopts powdery biomass fuel carries out water-gas reaction for gasification decarburization decoking provides heat energy at indoor water vapour of pyrolytic gasification and residual carbon, generates CO and H
2, directly finished decarburization at vaporizer, increase gas yield; Pyrolysis vaporizer produces waste gas and enters catalyst chamber, by high temperature and catalytic decomposition and synthetic new product C O and H
2, not only finish decoking but also increase gas yield and calorific value.This biomass gasification method is through catalyst and filtration, and the combustion gas cleaning does not have tar and effluent problem thereof, can reduce running cost simultaneously, improves the thermo-efficiency of whole generation systems.
In order further to improve heating efficiency, reduce working cost, the utility model with the Combustion chamber design of biomass combustible gas between biomass pyrogenation gasification chamber and catalytic cracking of tar chamber, most heats that its burning is emitted can be absorbed by pyrolysis feed and indoor filter screen and the beds of catalytic pyrolysis simultaneously, the bell-jar thermal insulation layer is interior to be incubated reactor around the reactor skin and combustion tail gas is introduced into, make full use of heat energy, improved the thermo-efficiency of entire equipment.
For realizing the purpose of this utility model, a kind of clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus is provided, it comprises heat scission reaction still main body; This thermo-cracking integration apparatus also comprises: pyrolysis vaporizer, vertically be arranged in this heat scission reaction still main body, and feeding moisture vapor transport pipe wherein is set in this pyrolysis vaporizer side; The catalytic pyrolysis chamber, vertically be arranged in this heat scission reaction still main body, has certain intervals between this catalytic pyrolysis chamber and this pyrolysis vaporizer, be provided with the combustion gas output tube on this top, catalytic pyrolysis chamber, be provided with filter screen and be positioned at beds above this filter screen in this catalytic pyrolysis chamber, the pneumatic outlet of this pyrolysis vaporizer is communicated with this filter screen and beds; And the combustion chamber, vertically be arranged in this heat scission reaction still main body, and place between this pyrolysis vaporizer and this catalytic pyrolysis chamber, be provided with the combustion gas waste gas outlet on this top, combustion chamber, also be provided with fuel inlet in this bottom, combustion chamber.
Constructional feature of the present utility model also is: between pyrolysis vaporizer and catalytic pyrolysis chamber the combustion chamber is set, wherein, it is indoor to be delivered to this pyrolytic gasification by spiral pushing device from the pyrolysis vaporizer top through pretreated biomass material, and its slag-tapping system is positioned at the bottom of clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus; Thermal cracking gas enters filter screen and beds after being drawn by pyrolysis vaporizer; The relief outlet of the splitting gas after the cracking is arranged on top, catalytic pyrolysis chamber.
Constitutional features of the present utility model also is: pyrolytic gasification is indoor is furnished with the water vapour flusher.Pyrolysis vaporizer's pneumatic outlet is connected with filter screen and beds, and the cracking combustion gas is by the output after cooling of top, catalytic pyrolysis chamber.
The indoor water vapour flusher (water vapour input tube) that is provided with of biomass pyrogenation gasification, biomass are in the indoor generation pyrolytic reaction of pyrolytic gasification, the carbon residue and the water vapour generation water-gas reaction that produce have reduced cindery output and intractability, have improved the quality of combustion gas.
Clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus of the present utility model concentrates on biomass through pyrolysis and catalytic cracking of tar in the device, high-temp combustion by the powdery biomass fuel provides heat energy for gasify decarburization and decoking, characteristic with powdery biomass fuel high-specific surface area and high volatile, with premix air efficient burning and form high-temperature effect, for high-temperature fuel has cheaply been found in the gasification decarburization decoking of biomass material.The gas that is produced behind the biomass pyrolytic of the present utility model need not connecting tube and directly introduce filter screen and beds, makes thermo-efficiency improve, and has effectively avoided the problem that heat easily loses in traditional pyrolysis and the cracking technology, has improved thermo-efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus shown in Figure 1 along A-A.
Description of reference numerals wherein is as follows:
1, pyrolysis vaporizer; 2, combustion chamber; 3, catalytic pyrolysis chamber; 4, moisture vapor transport pipe; 5, fuel storage tank; 6, combustion gas output tube; 7, hopper; 8, spiral pushing device; 9, lime-ash vent pipe; 10, exhaust emission tube; 11, blower fan; 12, filter screen; 13, bell-jar thermal insulation layer; 14, splitting gas relief outlet; 15, beds.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, be clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus structural representation of the present utility model.This reactor comprises: heat scission reaction still main body, in this heat scission reaction still main body, vertically be provided with pyrolysis vaporizer 1, and that is to say that certain distance is extended at the top of this pyrolysis vaporizer's 1 autothermal cracking reactor main body downwards.Screw propulsion equipment 8 and hopper 7 are set above this pyrolysis vaporizer 1, in this pyrolysis vaporizer 1 side moisture vapor transport pipe 4 is set, separate certain intervals at the sidepiece of this pyrolysis vaporizer 1 and be provided with catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3, be provided with combustion chamber 2 between this pyrolysis vaporizer 1 and catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3, this combustion chamber 2 provides heat for this pyrolysis vaporizer 1 with this catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 simultaneously.
Through pretreated biomass material by hopper 7 in spiral pushing device 8 is delivered to pyrolysis vaporizer 1, be combustion chamber 2 in the outside of pyrolysis vaporizer 1.Beds 15 is connected the pneumatic outlet of pyrolysis vaporizer 1 with filter screen 12 and above being positioned at this filter screen, the gas of being drawn by pyrolysis vaporizer 1 is filter screen 12 and the beds 15 that feeds from its underpart the catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3, and directly import catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 and carry out catalytic pyrolysis, combustion gas after the cracking is by combustion gas output tube 6 outputs on 3 tops, catalytic pyrolysis chamber, be connected with the blower fan of bleeding in combustion gas output tube 6 back, guarantee the circulation of gas, the waste heat of the combustion gas after the cracking can be recycled.
Send into combustion chamber 2 from fuel storage tank 5 through blower fan 11 through pretreated powdery biomass fuel, described powdery biomass fuel has the high specific surface area and the characteristic of high volatile, with premix air efficient burning and form high-temperature effect, provide heat for pyrolysis vaporizer 1 and catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 simultaneously.The exhaust emission tube 10 of its combustion exhaust through being positioned at these 2 tops, combustion chamber discharged, splitting gas is caused the bell-jar thermal insulation layer 13 of this heat scission reaction still main body by the splitting gas relief outlet 14 that is positioned at the cracking room top, make using waste heat from tail gas in the insulation of body of heater outer most surrounding, and then discharge via combustion gas output tube 6.
This water vapour input tube 4 is used water vapour for this pyrolysis vaporizer 1 provides reaction, and water vapour and residual carbon are carried out water-gas reaction, generate CO and H
2Biomass are in the indoor generation pyrolytic reaction of pyrolytic gasification, and the carbon residue of generation and water vapour generation water-gas reaction have reduced cindery output and intractability, have improved the quality of combustion gas.
This catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 is communicated with this pyrolysis vaporizer 1, is filled with the coke tar cracking catalytic filler on filter screen 12 in this catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 and the beds 15.
For guaranteeing the normal of room pressure, water seal all is set in the bottom of catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 and pyrolysis vaporizer 1.Described water seal is arranged on device external, communicates with pyrolysis vaporizer 1 and catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 by pipeline, and other has outlet to communicate with atmosphere, is used for conditioned reaction pond pressure inside.As shown in Figure 2, this heat scission reaction still main body is cylindric, and this pyrolysis vaporizer 1, this catalytic pyrolysis chamber 3 and this combustion chamber 2 are concentric circles from the inside to the outside successively and arrange in this heat scission reaction still main body.
This heat scission reaction still main body height is about 3.0 meters, about 0.7 meter apart from ground of its lime-ash outlet 9.Vertical type biomass thermo-cracking integration apparatus of the present utility model concentrates on biomass through pyrolysis and catalytic cracking of tar in the device, high-temp combustion by the powdery biomass fuel provides heat energy for gasify decarburization and decoking, characteristic with powdery biomass fuel high-specific surface area and high volatile, with premix air efficient burning and form high-temperature effect, for high-temperature fuel has cheaply been found in the gasification decarburization decoking of biomass material.The pyrolysis gas that is produced behind the biomass pyrolytic of the present utility model need not connecting tube and directly introduce filter screen and beds, makes thermo-efficiency improve, and has effectively avoided in the traditional hot cracking technology the easily problem of loss of heat, has improved thermo-efficiency.
Claims (8)
1. a clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus comprises heat scission reaction still main body; It is characterized in that this thermo-cracking integration apparatus also comprises:
Pyrolysis vaporizer (1) vertically is arranged in this heat scission reaction still main body, and feeding moisture vapor transport pipe (4) wherein is set in this pyrolysis vaporizer (1) side;
Catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3), vertically be arranged in this heat scission reaction still main body, has certain intervals between this catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3) and this pyrolysis vaporizer (1), be provided with combustion gas output tube (6) on this top, catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3), be provided with filter screen (12) and be positioned at the beds (15) of this filter screen (12) top in this catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3), the pneumatic outlet of this pyrolysis vaporizer (1) is communicated with this filter screen (12) and beds (15);
Combustion chamber (2), vertically be arranged in this heat scission reaction still main body, and place between this pyrolysis vaporizer (1) and this catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3), be provided with combustion gas waste gas outlet (10), also be provided with fuel inlet in bottom, this combustion chamber (2) on top, this combustion chamber (2).
2. clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this top, catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3) is combustion gas output tube (6).
3. clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this combustion chamber (2) top is exhaust emission tube (10).
4. clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, this catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3) is communicated with this pyrolysis vaporizer (1), is filled with the coke tar cracking catalytic filler on the filter screen (12) in this catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3) to form this beds (15).
5. clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, in this bottom, catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3) water seal is set.
6. clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, in this pyrolysis vaporizer (1) bottom water seal is set.
7. clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, this heat scission reaction still main body is cylindric, and this pyrolysis vaporizer (1), this catalytic pyrolysis chamber (3) and this combustion chamber (2) are concentric circles from the inside to the outside successively and arrange in this heat scission reaction still main body.
8. clock-type biomass through pyrolysis integration apparatus according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, this heat scission reaction still main body height is 3.0 meters, 0.7 meter apart from ground of the lime-ash outlet (9) that is arranged on its bottom.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009201603509U CN201694994U (en) | 2009-06-23 | 2009-06-23 | Clock-type biomass thermal cracking integrated equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009201603509U CN201694994U (en) | 2009-06-23 | 2009-06-23 | Clock-type biomass thermal cracking integrated equipment |
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| CN201694994U true CN201694994U (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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| CN2009201603509U Expired - Lifetime CN201694994U (en) | 2009-06-23 | 2009-06-23 | Clock-type biomass thermal cracking integrated equipment |
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-
2009
- 2009-06-23 CN CN2009201603509U patent/CN201694994U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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