CN111268884B - Oil sludge treatment system and method - Google Patents
Oil sludge treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111268884B CN111268884B CN202010248927.2A CN202010248927A CN111268884B CN 111268884 B CN111268884 B CN 111268884B CN 202010248927 A CN202010248927 A CN 202010248927A CN 111268884 B CN111268884 B CN 111268884B
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 56
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007233 catalytic pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010128 melt processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an oil sludge treatment system and method, comprising a reactor, wherein a transverse filter is arranged in the reactor to divide the interior of the reactor into an upper reaction chamber and a lower sedimentation chamber, the reactor is provided with an oil sludge feed inlet and a catalyst inlet which are communicated with the reaction chamber, the reactor is provided with a gas outlet, a slag discharge port and a back-blowing steam pipe which are communicated with the sedimentation chamber, and the back-blowing steam pipe is communicated with the sedimentation chamber and is provided with a valve. In the sludge reaction process, the sludge treatment system realizes the separation of sludge waste residues and the catalyst at the same time, avoids the accumulation of the sludge waste residues after the sludge reaction in the reactor, and simultaneously does not influence the reaction efficiency due to the mixing of the sludge waste residues and the catalyst. The sludge treatment system provided by the invention can be used for rapidly providing a large amount of heat required by the reaction by directly mixing the overheated inert medium with the sludge and the catalyst, so that the large-scale sludge treatment device can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chemical environment-friendly equipment, in particular to an oil sludge treatment system and method.
Background
The oil sludge is an available resource, and in the oil sludge pyrolysis processing technology, the oil sludge is firstly sent into a pyrolysis furnace for heating pyrolysis to generate pyrolysis gas, but solid waste residues can be generated in the pyrolysis furnace heating pyrolysis process to block a furnace body, so that the high-efficiency treatment of the oil sludge is not facilitated; but also requires unloading of the waste residues by stopping the operation of the pyrolysis furnace, and the apparatus cannot be continuously performed. On the other hand, in the prior art, an indirect heating mode is adopted, so that the size of equipment is limited, and the large-scale treatment is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an oil sludge treatment system and method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the sludge treatment system comprises a reactor, wherein a transverse filter is arranged in the reactor to divide the interior of the reactor into an upper reaction chamber and a lower sedimentation chamber, the reactor is provided with a sludge feed inlet and a catalyst inlet which are communicated with the reaction chamber, the reactor is provided with a gas outlet, a slag discharge port and a blowback steam pipe which are communicated with the sedimentation chamber, and the blowback steam pipe is communicated with the sedimentation chamber and is provided with a valve.
According to the sludge treatment system, the reactor is internally divided into the upper reaction chamber and the lower sedimentation chamber by the transverse filter, the catalyst is blocked in the reaction chamber by the filter in the thermal cracking process, the sludge waste residue and high-temperature oil gas generated by catalytic thermal cracking can pass through the filter and enter the sedimentation chamber of the reactor, so that the oil gas can be discharged through the gas outlet communicated with the sedimentation chamber, the sludge waste residue can be discharged through the slag discharge port communicated with the sedimentation chamber, the sludge waste residue is prevented from being jammed in the reactor, the waste residue and the catalyst can be separated, the reaction efficiency is not affected due to the fact that the sludge waste residue and the catalyst are mixed together, the sludge waste residue blocking the slag discharge port can be avoided by arranging the blowback steam pipe in the sedimentation chamber, the sludge waste residue and the catalyst above the filter can be blown and blocked on the filter, and the sludge waste residue and the catalyst are prevented from being jammed on the filter; the sludge treatment system can be used for treating sludge caused by marine oil deposition sludge, oil tank deposition sludge, sewage treatment tank deposition sludge and crude oil pollution, and waste plastics generated by garbage classification or landfill garbage.
Preferably, the sludge treatment system further comprises a catalyst tank, wherein the catalyst tank is communicated with the catalyst inlet of the reactor, an exhaust port is arranged at the upper part of the catalyst tank, and a superheated inert medium inlet is arranged at the lower part of the catalyst tank.
According to the sludge treatment system, the catalyst tank is provided with the overheat inert medium inlet, the catalyst in the catalyst tank can be heated in advance, the preheated catalyst is continuously added into the reactor by the catalyst tank, the continuous operation of the catalytic pyrolysis reaction can be ensured, the energy waste possibly caused in the operation stopping process is avoided, the catalyst tank is provided with the exhaust port and the overheat inert medium inlet, the overheat inert medium can heat the catalyst, and the air in the catalyst can be removed.
Preferably, the catalyst tank is provided with an ear mount.
Preferably, the filter consists of more than 2 layers of filter screens.
Preferably, a stirring mechanism is arranged in the reaction chamber, and a steam purging port communicated with the reaction chamber is arranged in the reactor.
According to the sludge treatment system, through the stirring mechanism, heating medium, sludge and catalyst in the reaction process can be uniformly mixed, the efficiency of catalytic pyrolysis reaction is improved, and a cooling medium can be input into a steam blowing port at the upper part of the reactor to protect the stirrer.
Preferably, the stirring mechanism is a stirring paddle.
Preferably, the outlet of the blowback steam pipe is located directly below the filter.
Preferably, the lower part of the reaction chamber is provided with a catalyst unloading port and a steam pipe orifice, and the steam pipe orifice is communicated with the lower part of the reaction chamber.
The catalyst with reduced activity can be timely discharged through the catalyst discharging port arranged at the lower part of the reaction chamber, so that the activity of the catalyst is kept in a certain range, and the product property and the stability of the product yield are ensured; the catalyst may be loosened by the input steam through the steam nozzle.
Preferably, the reactor is provided with a first manhole corresponding to the reaction chamber and a second manhole corresponding to the settling chamber.
Preferably, a gas screen is provided at the cross section of the gas outlet of the settling chamber.
Through the gas filter screen that the cross-section department of the gas outlet of settling chamber set up, ash and slag is discharged from the gas outlet when preventing the blowback, and then get into with in the device of gas outlet intercommunication, cause impurity pollution.
Preferably, the sludge treatment system further comprises a sludge dewatering device and a sludge thermosol device which are sequentially communicated, the sludge dewatering device is first waste heat utilization equipment, the sludge thermosol device is second waste heat utilization equipment, the sludge thermosol device is communicated with a sludge feed inlet of the reactor, and the sludge feed inlet of the reactor is also communicated with a first overheated inert medium input pipe.
According to the sludge treatment system, the sludge is dehydrated and subjected to heat-melting treatment in advance through the sludge dehydration device and the sludge heat-melting device, so that the temperature of the sludge is increased, and the efficiency of catalytic thermal cracking reaction in the reactor is improved.
Preferably, the catalyst tank is provided with a hopper, and the sludge treatment system further comprises a catalyst regeneration device, and the catalyst regeneration device is communicated with the hopper of the catalyst tank.
Preferably, a gas outlet of the reactor settling chamber is sequentially communicated with an oil gas treatment device, a catalytic rectifying device and a waste heat recovery device.
Preferably, the settling chamber of the reactor is provided with a loose coil.
The settling chamber of the reactor is provided with a loosening coil pipe to loosen waste residues and prevent the waste residues from caking.
The invention also provides an oil sludge treatment method, which is applied to any one of the oil sludge treatment systems, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Heating the oil sludge to 100-180 ℃ in an oil sludge dewatering device for dewatering treatment, and carrying out oil washing or hot-melting treatment on the dewatered oil sludge in an oil sludge hot-melting device, wherein the temperature can be increased to 200-280 ℃;
(2) Mixing the oil sludge treated in the step (1) with an overheated inert medium, and then inputting the mixture into a reaction chamber of the reactor, wherein the reaction is carried out while stirring, and the reaction temperature is 300-600 ℃;
(3) High-temperature oil gas and sludge waste residue generated after the reaction enter a settling chamber of the reactor, the high-temperature oil gas sequentially enters an oil gas treatment device and a catalytic rectifying device through a gas outlet of the settling chamber, and the sludge waste residue is discharged from a slag discharge port of the settling chamber;
(4) After a period of reaction, the activity of the catalyst in the reactor is reduced, at the moment, the deactivated catalyst is discharged from a catalyst discharging port of a reaction chamber of the reactor and is transferred to a catalyst regenerating device for regeneration, the regeneration temperature is 450-650 ℃, the regeneration pressure is 0.1-1.0 MPa, and at the same time, the fresh catalyst or the regenerated catalyst is preheated to the reaction temperature through an inert overheat medium by a catalyst tank and then is input into the reaction chamber of the reactor.
The method removes dust, particles and other impurities in the oil gas treatment device, simultaneously the oil gas is cooled from a superheated state to a saturated state, unreacted heavy components contained in the oil gas are condensed into a liquid phase, the liquid phase can be returned to the reactor for refining by pumping, and the liquid phase is recycled by pumping to the waste heat recovery device; the uncondensed components in the oil gas contain a large amount of unsaturated hydrocarbons, and the unsaturated hydrocarbons can be subjected to further recombination reaction in a catalytic rectifying device to obtain saturated hydrocarbon components; the oil gas can enter the waste heat utilization device again after passing through the catalytic rectifying device, and the waste heat of the oil gas can be fully utilized; in the catalyst regeneration device, according to the temperature, the air content is controlled, carbon deposit on the catalyst is converted into mixed gas of carbon dioxide and water under the action of temperature and oxygen, and the catalyst is regenerated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an oil sludge treatment system, which avoids the congestion of oil sludge waste residues in a reactor, so that the waste residues and a catalyst can be separated, the reaction efficiency is not affected due to the fact that the oil sludge waste residues and the catalyst are mixed together, a back-blowing steam pipe is arranged in a settling chamber, the blocking of a slag discharge port by the oil sludge waste residues can be avoided, the blowing blocking effect on the oil sludge waste residues and the catalyst above a filter screen can be realized, and the blocking of the oil sludge waste residues and the catalyst on the filter screen is avoided; a steam blowing port at the upper part of the reactor can be used for inputting a cooling medium to protect the stirring mechanism; the sludge treatment system provided by the invention is directly mixed with the sludge and the catalyst through the overheated inert medium, so that a large amount of heat required by the reaction can be rapidly provided, and the large-scale sludge treatment device can be realized; the catalyst and the waste residue of the sludge treatment system can be separated at any time in the reaction chamber, so that accumulation of sludge and waste residue is avoided, and continuous operation of the sludge treatment device can be realized; in addition, the waste residue and the catalyst are separated in time, so that the adverse effect of the oil sludge waste residue on the reaction efficiency of the catalyst can be obviously reduced; the arrangement of the back-blowing steam pipe further ensures the continuous operation of the oil sludge treatment device; according to the oil sludge treatment system, the periodic replacement of the catalyst in the reactor is realized through the catalyst inlet and outlet, so that the stability of the reaction activity of the catalyst is realized; the sludge treatment system of the invention can also be suitable for recycling waste plastics.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the sludge treatment system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the sludge treatment system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram of the sludge treatment process of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, a slag discharging port, 2, a loosening coil pipe, 3, a reactor, 4, a second manhole, 5, a reaction chamber, 6, a catalyst discharging port, 7, a steam pipe orifice, 8, a sedimentation chamber, 9, a first person hole, 10, a side wall lifting lug of the reactor, 11, an oil sludge feeding port, 12, a steam blowing port, 13, a stirring mechanism, 14, a feeding hopper of a catalyst tank, 15, an exhaust port of the catalyst tank, 16, a catalyst tank, 17, an ear seat of the catalyst tank, 18, a superheated steam inlet of the catalyst tank, 19, a communication pipeline of the catalyst tank and a reactor, 20, a filter, 21, a gas filter screen, 22, a gas outlet, 23, an oil sludge hot-melting device, 24, a treatment device, 25, a catalytic rectifying device, 26, a waste heat recovery device, 27, an oil sludge dewatering device, 28 and a catalyst regeneration device.
Detailed Description
For a better description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
The invention provides an oil sludge treatment system, which is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and comprises a reactor 3, wherein a transverse filter 20 is arranged in the reactor to divide the interior of the reactor into an upper reaction chamber 5 and a lower sedimentation chamber 8, the reactor is provided with an oil sludge feed inlet 11 and a catalyst inlet which are communicated with the reaction chamber, the reactor is provided with a gas outlet 22, a slag discharge port 1 and a back-blowing steam pipe which are communicated with the sedimentation chamber, and the back-blowing steam pipe is provided with a valve.
In order to heat the catalyst in the catalyst tank in advance, the preheated catalyst is continuously added into the reactor by utilizing the catalyst tank, so that continuous operation of the catalytic pyrolysis reaction can be ensured, and energy waste possibly caused in the process of stopping operation is avoided, the sludge treatment system further comprises a catalyst tank 16, the catalyst tank is communicated with a catalyst inlet of the reactor through a pipeline 19, an exhaust port 15 is arranged at the upper part of the catalyst tank, and a superheated steam inlet 18 is arranged at the lower part of the catalyst tank.
Further, the catalyst tank is provided with an ear mount 17.
In order to more uniformly mix the heating medium, the oil sludge and the catalyst in the reaction process and improve the efficiency of the catalytic pyrolysis reaction, a stirring mechanism 13 is arranged in the reaction chamber, and a steam purging port 12 communicated with the reaction chamber is arranged in the reactor.
Further, the stirring mechanism is a stirring paddle.
Further, the outlet of the blowback steam pipe is located directly below the filter.
Further, the lower part of the reaction chamber is provided with a catalyst discharge port 6 and a steam nozzle 7, which communicates with the lower part of the reaction chamber.
Further, the reactor is provided with a first manhole 9 corresponding to the reaction chamber and a second manhole 4 corresponding to the settling chamber.
In order to prevent ash from being discharged from the gas outlet during back blowing and further into the device communicating with the gas outlet, a gas screen 21 is arranged at the section of the gas outlet of the settling chamber.
In order to carry out dehydration and hot-melt processing to the fatlute in advance, promoted the temperature of fatlute for the efficiency of catalytic pyrolysis reaction in the reactor, fatlute processing system still includes fatlute dewatering device 27 and fatlute hot-melt device 23 that communicate in proper order, fatlute dewatering device is first waste heat utilization equipment, fatlute hot-melt device is second waste heat utilization equipment, fatlute hot-melt device with the fatlute feed inlet intercommunication of reactor, the fatlute feed inlet of reactor still communicates there is first overheated inert medium input tube.
Further, the catalyst tank is provided with a hopper 14, and the sludge treatment system further includes a catalyst regeneration device 28 in communication with the hopper of the catalyst tank.
Further, a gas outlet of the reactor settling chamber is sequentially communicated with an oil gas treatment device 24, a catalytic rectifying device 25 and a waste heat recovery device 26.
In order to loosen the waste residue, prevent the waste residue from caking, make the waste residue more easily discharged, the settling chamber of the reactor is provided with a loosening coil pipe 2.
Further, the reactor is provided with lugs and side wall lugs 10.
According to the sludge treatment system, the reactor is internally divided into the upper reaction chamber and the lower sedimentation chamber by the transverse filter, the catalyst is blocked in the reaction chamber by the filter screen in the thermal cracking process, the sludge waste residue and high-temperature oil gas generated by catalytic thermal cracking can pass through the filter and enter the sedimentation chamber of the reactor, so that the oil gas can be discharged through the gas outlet communicated with the sedimentation chamber, the sludge waste residue can be discharged through the slag discharge port communicated with the sedimentation chamber, the sludge waste residue is prevented from being jammed in the reactor, the waste residue and the catalyst can be separated, the reaction efficiency is not affected due to the fact that the sludge waste residue and the catalyst are mixed together, the sludge waste residue blocking the slag discharge port can be avoided by arranging the blowback steam pipe in the sedimentation chamber, the sludge waste residue and the catalyst above the filter screen can be blown and blocked on the filter screen, and the sludge waste residue and the catalyst are prevented from being jammed on the filter screen; the steam blowing port at the upper part of the reactor can be used for inputting a cooling medium to protect the stirring mechanism, so that the temperature difference between the top of the tank body of the reactor and the outside is not too large to influence the sealing of the top of the tank; the sludge treatment system of the embodiment can continuously operate, and the treatment efficiency is improved. The sludge treatment system provided by the invention is directly mixed with the sludge and the catalyst through the overheated inert medium, so that a large amount of heat required by the reaction can be rapidly provided, and the large-scale sludge treatment device can be realized;
example 2
As a sludge treatment method of the present embodiment, the method employs the sludge treatment system as described in embodiment 1, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Heating the oil sludge to 100-180 ℃ in an oil sludge dewatering device for dewatering treatment, and carrying out oil washing or hot-melting treatment on the dewatered oil sludge in an oil sludge hot-melting device, wherein the temperature can be increased to 200-280 ℃;
(2) Mixing the oil sludge treated in the step (1) with an overheated inert medium, and then inputting the mixture into a reaction chamber of the reactor, wherein the reaction is carried out while stirring, and the reaction temperature is 300-600 ℃;
(3) High-temperature oil gas and sludge waste residue generated after the reaction enter a settling chamber of the reactor, the high-temperature oil gas sequentially enters an oil gas treatment device and a catalytic rectifying device through a gas outlet of the settling chamber, and the sludge waste residue is discharged from a slag discharge port of the settling chamber;
(4) After a period of reaction, the activity of the catalyst in the reactor is reduced, at the moment, the deactivated catalyst is discharged from a catalyst discharging port of a reaction chamber of the reactor and is transferred to a catalyst regenerating device for regeneration, the regeneration temperature is 450-650 ℃, the regeneration pressure is 0.1-1.0 MPa, and at the same time, the fresh catalyst or the regenerated catalyst is preheated to the reaction temperature through an inert overheat medium by a catalyst tank and then is input into the reaction chamber of the reactor.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted equally without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The sludge treatment system is characterized by comprising a reactor, wherein a transverse filter is arranged in the reactor to divide the interior of the reactor into an upper reaction chamber and a lower sedimentation chamber, the filter is used for blocking sludge and a catalyst, the reactor is provided with a sludge feed inlet and a catalyst inlet which are communicated with the reaction chamber, the reactor is provided with a gas outlet, a slag discharge port and a back-blowing steam pipe which are communicated with the sedimentation chamber, and the back-blowing steam pipe is communicated with the sedimentation chamber and is provided with a valve;
the lower part of the reaction chamber is provided with a catalyst unloading port and a steam pipe orifice, and the steam pipe orifice is communicated with the lower part of the reaction chamber;
the filter consists of more than 2 layers of filter screens;
the sludge treatment system further comprises a catalyst tank, wherein the catalyst tank is communicated with a catalyst inlet of the reactor, an exhaust port is arranged at the upper part of the catalyst tank, and an overheat inert medium inlet is arranged at the lower part of the catalyst tank;
the reaction chamber is internally provided with a stirring mechanism, and the reactor is provided with a steam purging port communicated with the reaction chamber.
2. The sludge treatment system of claim 1 wherein a gas screen is provided at a cross section of the gas outlet of the settling chamber.
3. The sludge treatment system of claim 1, further comprising a sludge dewatering device and a sludge thermosol device in communication in sequence, wherein the sludge dewatering device is a first waste heat utilization device, the sludge thermosol device is a second waste heat utilization device, the sludge thermosol device is in communication with the sludge feed inlet of the reactor, and the sludge feed inlet of the reactor is also in communication with a first overheated inert medium input pipe.
4. The sludge treatment system of claim 1 wherein the catalyst tank is provided with a hopper, the sludge treatment system further comprising a catalyst regeneration device in communication with the hopper of the catalyst tank.
5. The sludge treatment system of claim 1, wherein the gas outlet of the reactor settling chamber is in communication with an oil and gas treatment device, a catalytic rectification device and a waste heat recovery device in sequence.
6. The sludge treatment system of claim 1 wherein the settling chamber of the reactor is provided with a loose coil.
7. A sludge treatment process, wherein the process employs a sludge treatment system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, the process comprising the steps of:
(1) Heating the oil sludge to 100-180 ℃ in an oil sludge dewatering device for dewatering treatment, and carrying out oil washing or heat dissolving treatment on the dewatered oil sludge in an oil sludge heat dissolving device, wherein the temperature is increased to 200-280 ℃;
(2) Mixing the oil sludge treated in the step (1) with an overheated inert medium, and then inputting the mixture into a reaction chamber of the reactor, wherein the reaction is carried out while stirring, and the reaction temperature is 300-600 ℃;
(3) High-temperature oil gas and sludge waste residue generated after the reaction enter a settling chamber of the reactor, the high-temperature oil gas sequentially enters an oil gas treatment device and a catalytic rectifying device through a gas outlet of the settling chamber, and the sludge waste residue is discharged from a slag discharge port of the settling chamber;
(4) After a period of reaction, the activity of the catalyst in the reactor is reduced, at the moment, the deactivated catalyst is discharged from a catalyst discharging port of a reaction chamber of the reactor and is transferred to a catalyst regenerating device for regeneration, the regeneration temperature is 450-650 ℃, the regeneration pressure is 0.1-1.0 MPa, and at the same time, the fresh catalyst or the regenerated catalyst is preheated to the reaction temperature through an inert overheat medium by a catalyst tank and then is input into the reaction chamber of the reactor.
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