CN1969636B - Compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture and method for producing same - Google Patents
Compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture and method for producing same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound plant source agricultural bactericide and manufacturing method, which is characterized by the following: boiling traditional Chinese medicine with chenopodium ambrosioides, sickle wormwood, toosendanin and natural tanning; targeting plant fungus; displaying strong sterilizing specificity for cucumber, strawberry, tomato and potato.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural chemicals and production method thereof, is a kind of compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture and production method specifically.
Background technology
At present, in the plantation of vegetables, melon and fruit, in the bactericide that uses for the control fungi more than 95% is the chemical pesticide bactericide, because a large amount of chemical pesticide bactericide that use, make various plant pathogenic bacteria bacterial classifications produce drug resistance, pesticide resistance, increased the difficulty of control, even the control failure.For example, preventing and treating grey mould fruit rot of strawberry in the U.S. with benomyl in 1976 fails; Preventing and treating potato late blight in Holland with metalaxyl in 1980 fails; Destroy the microbial ecological of soil, edaphon is formed be partial to bacteriumization.Excessive use chemical pesticide bactericide, easily plant itself is produced harm, residual in vegetables, melon and fruit, be detrimental to health, cause environmental pollution simultaneously, destroy the ecological balance, make " environment female sex hormone " become another global serious environmental hazard after " greenhouse effect global warming " and " depletion of the ozone layer ".
There is abundant resources of medicinal plant in China, and vast farmers has hundreds of years history with the natural plants used as pesticides.Put down in writing 220 plant species agricultural chemicals in " Chinese soil pesticide will " that nineteen fifty-nine publishes, adhered to 86 sections separately, these plants have the natural active matter of Pesticidal and sterilizing mostly.Wherein rheum officinale, rhizome of cyrtomium, lopseed, chrysanthemum punt-pole etc. all have the insecticide effect of curing the disease.Wherein kuh-seng, the tuber of stemona, trifoliate jewelvine, nicotine, chinaberry element etc. have been carried out suitability for industrialized production.For example: (1) rheum officinale has the sterilization effect of curing the disease; (2) rheum officinale has more stable preventive effect to the capsicum mosaic disease that cucumber mosaic virus causes; (3) 30 times of water cooking liquids of artemisia annua have inhibitory action to the potato late blight spore-germination, and 15 times of water cooking liquids of artemisia annua are 50%～60% to the control efficiency of wheat leaf rust; (4) " clean that is cloudy " of Chengdu En Wei pharmaceutical Co. Ltd exploitation, control with plants such as frutus cnidii, tarragon, levisticums and to make secret recipe, paddy rice being changed 14 kinds of fungi pathogeny bacterium such as rot, rice blast, wheat scab has different inhibitory action with tobacco leaf rot, two kinds of bacteriums of edible mushroom bacillus; (5) ginkgo biloba p.e of people such as Shandong Province's Laiyang Agricultural College Meng Zhao gift invention is through synthetic " green Supreme Being " the serial disinfectant use in agriculture of manual simulation; (6) I have applied for four kinds of natural plants being the biological disinfectant use in agriculture of raw material November 5 calendar year 2001 to State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China, and the number of patenting is the invention patent certificate of ZL01127595.2; Applied for " a kind of natural plants source biological pesticide and production method " on October 7th, 2004 to State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China, number of patent application is 200410085425.3, and announces on May 18th, 2005.
But, because the complicated component of natural plants own, the industrial production technology of Chinese herbal medicine modernization is also very unripe, raw material can not standardization, quality of production instability, effect lacks specificity, and production cost is crossed high reason, makes most of natural plants source bactericides still be in the starting stage of theoretical research, the production of industrialization small test.Even it is consistent that the compound disinfectant use in agriculture that some has carried out suitability for industrialized production, the product different batches product quality that has also are difficult to guarantee, as " clean that is cloudy " improvement liquid of Chengdu En Wei pharmaceutical Co. Ltd exploitation; It is synthetic through the manual simulation that the product that has is a natural plant extracts, and clear and definite chemical constitution and chemical molecular formula are arranged, and and inorganic matter, be not real biopesticide therefore, can only be biogenic pesticide.
Because the restriction of the complicated component of natural plants own and production technology aspect, raw material can not standardization, the quality instability, and effect lacks specificity, makes to be in research and industrialization starting stage on the natural plants source bactericide.According to modern medicinal herb components and pharmacological research, by Chinese herbal medicine " golden prescription " the requirement prescription of (referring to five kinds of Chinese medicine and following Chinese herb compound thereof), use special fermentation technique, be that the quality of production is stable, one of the effective way of excellent performance, broad spectrum activity, low-cost natural plant agriculture chemicals fungicide.
Owing to carried out at present plant source agricultural insecticide, the bactericide of suitability for industrialized production, be from the organism separation and Extraction used as pesticides that comes out directly to use, or the active principle that re-uses after synthetic through the manual simulation.They still belong to chemical substance such as jinggangmeisu, Avermectin pyrethrin, rotenone, nicotine etc. in itself, clear and definite chemical constitution and chemical molecular formula are all arranged, and and inorganic matter, therefore should not call " biopesticide " to this class material, to avoid conceptual confusion, it is relatively more definite to be called " biogenic pesticide ", is not biopesticide truly.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture and production method, be with common natural Chinese medicinal herb be raw material, plant epiphyte venereal disease evil such as stalk break with vegetable melon and fruit, gray mold, late blight, fusarium wilt, downy mildew, powdery mildew is the disinfectant use in agriculture of target, to the soil-borne disease sterilization high specificity of various crop, to cucumber, strawberry, peppery (sweet) green pepper, tomato, eggplant, the specific biopesticide of potato.
For achieving the above object, compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture of the present invention extracts acquisition by the natural plants of weight portion as described below through poach
Golden Larch Bark 90-130 artemisia annua 30-70
Melia toosendan 20-60 contains the Chinese herbal medicine 20-100 of natural plants tannin.
Optimum weight part of this each component of botanical biological pesticide is
Golden Larch Bark 100-120 artemisia annua 40-60
Melia toosendan 30-50 contains the Chinese herbal medicine 20-80 of natural plants tannin.
The above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicine that contains the natural plants tannin can be a gall nut, also can be nutgall or Chinese sumac fruit or myrobalan.
The production method of this compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture comprises following step:
(A), will organize good raw meal and be broken into the above powdery of 60 orders, put into high temperature resistant closed container, add water 1000-5000 weight portion, be heated to 100 ℃-120 ℃, continue 5-20 minute, be cooled to 10 ℃-30 ℃, kept 10-40 minute, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to naturally and be not less than 5 ℃, store 12-48 hour, leach soup one time.
(B), will leach the residue behind the soup and add water 1000-3000 weight portion again, put into high temperature resistant closed container, be heated to 110 ℃-150 ℃, continue 5-20 minute, be cooled to 20 ℃-50 ℃, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to and be not less than 5 ℃, continue 20-50 minute, leach the secondary soup.
(C), the soup that leaches for twice is fully mixed, store 20-72 hour, be the compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture of being produced.
The raw materials used quality standard that will reach Chinese herbal medicine of the present invention, melia toosendan wherein can be used the melia toosendan skin, also can use Fructus meliae toosendan; Natural plants tannin wherein can be used purificant, also can select for use the plant of being rich in natural nutgall acid type tannin to replace, and makes it reach the material component requirement and gets final product.The natural nutgall acid type content of tannin of plant itself should be not less than 20%.For example select gall nut for use, in the per unit component, need to add the dry product of 20-80 weight portion; If select purificant for use, should guarantee to contain the natural plants tannin of 15-40 weight portion.
The present invention from product usefulness, to the influence of environment, the scope of application is to production technology and cost, raw material sources and utilize the degree aspect, has following characteristics:
1, the usefulness of control fungal diseases of plants
Since the certain plants fungal disease, in specific plant and environment, the morbidity risk rate height, spread speed is fast, need be the 2-3 days inner control state of an illness, as tomato late blight and the cotton eqpidemic disease evil of eggplant.Some plant is subjected to the restriction of growth characteristic, can not spraying fungicide when being subjected to harmful germ infringement, to bear fruit and the maturing stage as strawberry, and its fruit can not be stained with open fire, and the grape phase of bearing fruit can not too much be stained with open fire, otherwise, a large amount of decayed fruits can appear.This just makes chemical bactericide wide spectrum, high efficiency aspect in actual applications expose the shortcoming that can't overcome.And the bactericide that the present invention produces, then can be under the condition of various complexity, wide spectrum, kill the fungal disease of harm plant fast, promote the plant recovery normal growth.
(1) peppery (sweet) green pepper eqpidemic disease, tomato late blight; the morbidity risk rate height; spread speed is fast; in case take place in the field; particularly take place in the protection ground booth in the winter of low temperature, high humility; if can not disease controlling in 2-3 days, just have the possibility of ruining the canopy total crop failure, its residual germ section crop more than next batch that also can continue to cause harm.Existing chemical pesticide bactericide; as mancozeb (big giving birth to; Xin Wansheng), bactericide such as Propamocarb (Pu Like), cymoxanil mancozeb, peace gram MnZn, Sandofan, metalaxyl; all can not high concentration use continuously in a short time, easily produce drug resistance, it is slow to take effect; in the protection ground cultivation of Shouguang City, Shandong Province; because of farming year after year, the annual booth total crop failure in winter that all has is in various degree suffered heavy losses.If use bactericide of the present invention, only need after finding at 3 in the afternoon same day of diseased plant, spray once by instructions for use, the next afternoon is irritated root once, and the emphasis plant is sprayed one meter scope on every side simultaneously, after 10 of the 3rd day afternoon or the 4th day mornings, get final product complete disease controlling, pathogeny fungi more than 90% is killed, and sees that in the field morbidity part is dry, no longer includes the water soaking mode scab.Be to guarantee the completeness of sterilization, can suitably spray again or irritate root once.If in the middle sequela of growth, the stem that soup to smear to be in a bad way.Like this, the field result of treatment can reach more than 90%.
(2) peppery (sweet) green pepper stalk break; its host range is very extensive, can encroach on 64 sections, 383 plant species, comprises tomato, eggplant, peppery (sweet) green pepper, celery, asparagus lettuce, Kidney bean etc. in the vegetables; be one of serious plant disease on the protection pachyrhizus fruit type vegetable, the plot loss of being injured can reach 10%～30%.Common chemical fungicide carbendazim, Sukeling, sclex etc. easily produce drug resistance, and control efficiency is more and more undesirable; After cucumber morbidity, need in a short time continuous use 3-4 time,, influenced the quality of vegetables particularly with easy generation malformed fruit behind the carbendazim.On peppery (sweet) green pepper of planting vegetable booth for many years, it is fast also to show morbidity and spread speed, as a plurality of small towns such as Shouguang City, Shandong Province in June man subdistrict office of literary composition in 2005, large tracts of land harm occurs, have in addition ruin canopy, loss is serious.If use bactericide of the present invention, only need after finding at 3 in the afternoon same day of diseased plant, irritate root afternoon by instructions for use, continuous 3 times, preliminary plant of taking place to wilt doubles to irritate root, after 10 of the 3rd day afternoon or the 4th day mornings, get final product complete disease controlling, the pathogeny fungi more than 90% is killed.For guaranteeing the completeness of sterilization, can suitably smear the stem that is in a bad way with soup.Like this, the field result of treatment can reach more than 90%.
(3) strawberry, eggplant verticillium wilt soil survival period are 7-12, belong to the intractable soil-borne disease, can infect cotton, are called as " cancer " of cotton, and difficulty of prevention and cure is big.For example developed into the provincialism serious plant disease in the strawberry cultivating district in Dandong city.Still do not have the special efficacy chemical bactericide at present, carbendazim commonly used, pcnb, complex copper preparation produce poisoning to plant easily.Particularly carbendazim easily makes plant of Solanaceae give birth to malformed fruit more, is easy to generate drug resistance, and control efficiency is poor.Use bactericide of the present invention, can be according to the slow characteristics of verticillium wilt spread speed, to the double medication of disease plant, every 5 days once, continuous irrigation root 3 times, and the sprinkling diseased plant reaches 2 meters scope on every side, cure rate can reach more than 90%, pressed the constant medication once every 20 days later on, approximately medication is 5-7 time, can eradicate the remaining germ in the soil in a vegetative period.
(4) powdery mildew of strawberry is the frequently-occurring disease of strawberry, and strawberry is bearing fruit and the maturing stage can not be stained with open fire, otherwise, decayed fruit will be taken place, can only use systemic fungicide, general chemical pesticide bactericide uses when being difficult in the strawberry morbidity.The bactericide that the present invention produces has good interior absorption and quick-acting, only need irritate root as requested or with drip irrigation equipment with the use of watering, can make the treatment powdery mildew of strawberry more than the control or 85% more than 90%.
(5) custard squash powdery mildew and downy mildew are its multiple common diseases, and is big bearing fruit of custard squash and expanding stage water requirement, the ground air high humidity; particularly in protection ground plastic greenhouse; air is not smooth, and humidity is bigger, and humidity is the necessary condition that harm takes place for powdery mildew and downy mildew; with the medication of rotating at regular intervals of traditional chemical bactericide; also usually be that old complaint does not heal, new disease is sent out again, has both influenced product quality; occur malformed fruit again easily, also increased production cost.The bactericide that uses the present invention to produce, in killing pathogenic bacteria, improved the resistance against diseases of plant itself, under the normal condition, irritated root once about 20 days by instructions for use, plant more than 90% is not encroached on, during first the morbidity, disease plant is irritated root, and to diseased plant and 1.5 meters scope emphasis sprinkling on every side, can make the state of an illness more than 85% controlled, plant recovers growth.
(6) downy mildew is the common disease on the grape, because grape is a perennial plant, use the chemical pesticide bactericide year after year, all make germ produce drug resistance in various degree, usage amount continues to increase, human body or plant itself are produced harm, environmental water systems is produced pollute, as bordeaux mixture, metalaxyl, peace gram MnZn etc.The bactericide that the present invention produces can be reused in a short time and not produce drug resistance, to plant, environment, human body safety, under the condition that does not add any chemical agent, on the open-air blade good tack is arranged.The plastic greenhouse grape, under low, the high humidity of temperature, the slack situation of air, control rate can reach more than 85%, eliminates the influence to output basically, obviously is better than various chemical bactericides in early spring season.
(7) potato late blight is a kind of important disease during potato produces, generally take place in China potato producing region, especially under the condition rainy, that weather is clammy, summer sowing is reserved seed for planting and high mountain is reserved seed for planting, can cause plant withered in advance, production loss 20%-30%, existing control medicament is chemical bactericide, planting easily generation drug resistance of area year after year, control efficiency is more and more undesirable, even disease-resistant variety also is restricted because of the condition of reserving seed for planting, need constantly adopt or change disease-resistant seedling, increase production cost.The disinfectant use in agriculture that the present invention produces soaked 1 hour potato ball growing seedlings before, and every mu is doubly diluted by 50-70 with 2kg and to irritate the cave when plantation, and later on every medication in 25 days 1 time, logotype 3 times can prevent and treat the disease generation more than 85%.Carry out emphasis and irritate roots and to spraying agent in 3 meters scopes around the diseased plant, can cure disease and prevent disease spread even diseases take place indivedual plant, its effect reaches more than 80%.The bactericide that the present invention produces can be reused in a short time and not produce drug resistance, and in plantation area year after year, the control efficiency in year is better later on, and reduces dosage and save cost.
Remove above 7 incidence of disease height enumerating, spread speed is fast, harm section plants many, several special fungal disease of difficult control has outside the specificity, and bactericide of the present invention is also to other fungal disease and Deuteromycotina fungal diseases such as sub-spore, silk spore, sickle spore, chain lattice spore, nuclear disk, wheel branch, in the environment of equal field, all than chemical pesticide bactericide good effect is arranged, the integrated control rate all can reach more than 70%, and price is not as good as 50% of various import agriculture chemicals fungicides.
The bactericide that the present invention produces, it is active component with vegetable alkaloid, glycosides, acid, can be behind disease fungal infection plant, synthesizing of preferential participation germ protease and nucleic acid polymerase, make germ after receiving wrong hereditary information, lose breeding and survival ability, thus the protective plant cell do not encroached on, prevent the disease fungi crop of causing harm; Plurality of active ingredients is collaborative has an effect, better to the control efficiency of the melon-fruit-like vegetable that is subjected to the infringement of several plant pathogeny fungi simultaneously; Can increase the resistance of plant, promote plant growing, plant itself is not produced poisoning,, can prevent and treat the fungal diseases of plants more than 85% targetedly if use on request.
2, improve the Chinese herbal medicine availability
The bactericide that the present invention produces in the plate experiment, can make the bactericidal effect of each Chinese herbal medicine improve more than 200 times than its folk prescription effect, reaches as high as more than 800 times, and the present invention produces bactericide can save the herbal raw material resource.
3, constant product quality
Because the active component of botanical pesticide is a class or a few class secondary metabolites of plant, its kind, content are except that being subjected to the control of plant self hereditary factor, also be subjected to the influence of external environmental condition (as temperature, humidity, illumination, P in soil H value, biocoenosis etc. on every side), the stability of existing most of botanical pesticides is not high, and the quality of different batches product is difficult to control.The bactericide that the present invention produces owing to contain a kind of stabilizing agent in the composition of raw materials, can guarantee the stability of product under normal conditions, and the storage life of product was reached more than 24 months.
4, the active ingredient of product can identify with " finger print method "
Owing to be a class or a few class secondary metabolites complicated component of plant, people are limited to its molecular structure understanding, particularly more limited to the understanding of higher plant ingredient, be difficult to resemble and clearly indicate molecular structure and active constituent content the chemical pesticide, therefore, the difficult quality guarantee unanimity of the botanical pesticide in different batches, the different material place of production, this also is botanical pesticide is badly in need of solution in suitability for industrialized production a difficult problem.The bactericide that the present invention produces, owing to contain conditioning agent in the composition of raw materials, the quality of the bactericide in different batches, the different material place of production is consistent, and with " finger print method " sign product quality, this also meets the product quality sign requirement of European Union to the plant resource medicine, has solved the difficult problem how the botanical pesticide product quality identifies simultaneously.
5, product quality can contain quantitative character with main component
Owing to be a class or a few class secondary metabolites complicated component of plant, people are limited to its molecular structure understanding, particularly more limited to the understanding of higher plant ingredient, compound pesticide is the plurality of active ingredients coordinative role, is difficult to resemble clearly indicate molecular structure and various active constituent content the chemical pesticide.The bactericide that the present invention produces owing to contain conditioning agent in the composition of raw materials, can make some main component content of the bactericide of different batches, the production of the different material place of production be consistent, and the field control effect of agricultural chemicals is consistent.
6, help protecting environment and human body safety
At present, the common chemical agriculture chemicals fungicide, mainly be that organic sulfur, organic phosphor arsenic nitrogen, connection are for benzene, heterocycle, copper agent, and chemical composite dose, no matter how low its toxicity is, the sanitary standard of most countries has all been stipulated access times, residual quantity, human body daily intaking amount, safety interval to the kind more than 95% in the world.These chemical pesticide bactericide all can destroy the ecological balance, contaminated environment because of long-term the use.
Bactericide of the present invention to ecological environment security, helps keeping the balance of edaphon; Noresidue in vegetable melon and fruit; After wrongly taking, available 100g mung bean is to boil water, eats beans and eats soup, or with to boil water the drinking of each 25g of Radix Glycyrrhizae, French beans and honeysuckle, every day 2 times, serve on 2 days.
7, unrestricted in organic farming is produced
The bactericide that the present invention produces adopts natural plant raw material, makes through the secondary poach, in process of production need not any chemicals, and be the pure natural plant source preparation, in the registration management formality, conform to the principle of simplicity.Therefore, no matter be traditional farming or organic farming, clauses that uses without limits all.The organic food agricultural production standard of European Union for example, be EU-2092/91, " the organic food working system " of the U.S. i.e. " Organic Foods Production Act ", and the pollution-free food AA grade standard and the organic food standards of China do not limit the use of biopesticide.
8, abundant raw material and renewable
The used plant material of the present invention has a large amount of distributions in China, and can the large tracts of land artificial planting; Consumption is less in traditional Chinese medicine.If by 15000 tons of calculating of annual consumption total raw material, can not cause sharp rising of price,, can keep the basicly stable of price yet because of tame expansion just in case significantly appreciate.
9, small investment of production equipment, production process is pollution-free
The present invention produces device therefor, is home equipment, the most expensive key equipment, and the medical tool factory on ground such as Shanghai, Shenyang, Tianjin all can produce complete equipment.If by 5000 tons of calculating of annual production of every automatic production line, its production line approximately needs 2,000,000 yuan of left and right sides RMB.
In process of production, do not clean raw material, the soup that leaches is the loss of energy not; The medicine residue has passed through hot fermentation, can reprocess to be organic manure, perhaps equally directly applies the farmland with returning crop stocks to the field, and increases the organic matter in the soil, meets the requirement of organic farming.Therefore, no industrial wastewater, slag discharging, environmentally safe, pollution-free.
Embodiment
Material component 1: Golden Larch Bark 90 grams, artemisia annua 35 grams, melia toosendan skin 30 grams, gall nut 20 grams.
Material component 2: Golden Larch Bark 110 grams, artemisia annua 50 grams, Fructus meliae toosendan 45 grams, gall nut 30 grams.
Material component 3: Golden Larch Bark 120 grams, artemisia annua 60 grams, Fructus meliae toosendan 50 grams, nutgall 40 grams.
Material component 4: Golden Larch Bark 90 grams, artemisia annua 35 grams, melia toosendan skin 30 grams, Chinese sumac fruit 20 grams.
Material component 5: Golden Larch Bark 130 grams, artemisia annua 50 grams, melia toosendan skin 45 grams, gall nut 25 grams.
Material component 6: Golden Larch Bark 120 grams, artemisia annua 60 grams, Fructus meliae toosendan 60 grams, myrobalan's 40 grams.
Material component 7: Golden Larch Bark 100 grams, artemisia annua 75 grams, melia toosendan skin 50 grams, Chinese sumac fruit 100 grams.
Production method 1:
A, material component is pulverized is 60 order powderies, puts into pottery or enamel closed container, adds water 1000 grams, be heated to 100 ℃, continue 20 minutes, be cooled to 20 ℃, kept 10 minutes, and under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to and be not less than 5 ℃, leach soup after 12 hours one time.
B, will leach residue behind the soup and add water 1000 grams, put into pottery or enamel closed container, be heated to 125 ℃, continue 5 minutes, be cooled to 40 ℃, and under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to and be not less than 5 ℃, continue 20 minutes, leach the secondary soup.
C, the soup that leaches for twice is fully mixed, keep 30 ℃ temperature, be cooled to identically after 5 hours, be the fungal diseases of plants bactericide with daily room temperature.
Production method 2:
A, material component is pulverized is 70 order powderies, puts into pottery or enamel closed container, adds water 2000 grams, be heated to 110 ℃, continue 10 minutes, be cooled to 10 ℃, kept 20 minutes, and under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to and be not less than 5 ℃, leach soup after 24 hours one time.
B, will leach residue behind the soup and add water 2000 grams, put into pottery or enamel closed container, be heated to 150 ℃, continue 10 minutes, be cooled to 50 ℃, and under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to and be not less than 5 ℃, continue 40 minutes, leach the secondary soup.
C, the soup that leaches for twice is fully mixed, keep 30 ℃ temperature, be cooled to identically after 5 hours, be the fungal diseases of plants bactericide with daily room temperature.
Production method 3:
A, material component is pulverized is 80 order powderies, puts into pottery or enamel closed container, adds water 5000 grams, be heated to 120 ℃, continue 5 minutes, be cooled to 30 ℃, kept 40 minutes, and under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to and be not less than 5 ℃, leach soup after 48 hours one time.
B, will leach residue behind the soup and add water 3000 grams, put into pottery or enamel closed container, be heated to 110 ℃, continue 20 minutes, be cooled to 20 ℃, and under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to and be not less than 5 ℃, continue 50 minutes, leach the secondary soup.
C, the soup that leaches for twice is fully mixed, keep 30 ℃ temperature, be cooled to identically after 5 hours, be the fungal diseases of plants bactericide with daily room temperature.
During use, dilution 50-70 doubly sprays or irritates root fallen ill vegetables, melon and fruit.For example prevent and treat capsicum downy mildew, eqpidemic disease, stalk break, medication can observe the affected part drying in the field after 24 hours, and the water soaking mode scab has tangible drying edge, and the disease fungi is killed.If after 8 hours, can observe the disease fungi at microscopically and be killed in indoor detection medication.If the downy mildew on the grape of field, the spray medicine promptly can observe filemot atrophy mycelia, drying after 24 hours, and the disease fungi is killed.To strawberry, eggplant verticillium wilt, need doubly to dilute medication by 30-50.
Sterilization mechanism: this bactericide is by four kinds of approach control fungal diseases of plants, the one, inhibition mycelia or spore growth; The 2nd, the aggegation phytopathogen cell of catching an illness destroys, decomposes the germ cell protein; The 3rd, suppress the synthetic of germ nucleic acid polymerase, suppress germ reproduction, thereby make old complaint bacterium atrophy death, new germ can not be numerous; The 4th, plurality of active ingredients is collaborative has an effect, and control is subjected to the infringement of several plant pathogeny fungi to melon-fruit-like vegetable.
The active component of the contained plant glycosides of this bactericide, alkali, acid; can be behind disease fungal infection plant; synthesizing of preferential participation germ protease and nucleic acid polymerase; make germ after receiving wrong hereditary information; lose breeding and survival ability; thereby the protective plant cell is not encroached on, and prevents the disease fungi crop of causing harm.If as preventive measure, can in 15-30 days, can make the plant more than 85% exempt from disease.
During use, dilution 50-70 doubly after 3, sprays disease plant, and irritates root simultaneously in the afternoon.After 24 hours,, can after 20 hours, irritate root once more to the emphasis diseased plant by using once with quadrat method.If in the laboratory instrument detecting, after the medication 12 hours for the second time, can observe virus and be inactivated; If observe in the field, for the second time or after the medication for the third time normal weather 3-5 days, the tender leaf that promptly can observe the diseased plant top begins to unfold, newborn tender leaf does not have morbid state, 90% diseased plant recovers growth gradually in the 7-15 after the medication days for the third time, seriously ill Lao Ye no longer recovers, and the scab on the old fruit can not be removed, but no longer influences the late growing stage of plant.Nearly 5% the diseased plant in the field, reason such as feelings, environment due to illness is difficult to recover normal, indivedual diseased plants can also recover growth at 20-30 days, these diseased plants under no external pathogeny condition, other plant of generally can not causing harm.
Points for attention
(1) bactericide of the present invention, can not with plant insecticide or alkali electroless combined use of pesticides, otherwise, can reduce the effect of bactericide; Can not use with organophosphorus insecticide, otherwise, the effect of reduction insecticide, and to plant generation poisoning itself.For example acephatemet missible oil and this bactericide of 50% are used with, can make acephatemet reduce insecticidal effect.
(2) this bactericide has precipitation in storage process, shakes up during use, does not influence drug effect in the shelf-life, and the term of validity of bactericide is 24 months.
(3) bactericide of the present invention when using in the field, should be avoided strong 10 points in the morning of sunlight-afternoons 3 point, normally medication of overcast and rainy snow weather in protection ground booth.
This bactericide has broad spectrum activity on vegetables, melon and fruit, the homology fungal disease to taking place on fruit tree, the flowers has good control efficiency.Consider from cost, effect, environment and safety aspect, can replace with purposes chemical pesticide bactericide.
The experimental data of this bactericide to the simple test of stalk break, downy mildew, late disease bacteria, verticillium wilt pathogen, white powder germ, is not a precise information just.
(4) this bactericide is in random experiments among the people, and the chemical pesticide bactericide of contrast mainly contains du pont company, cyanamide company, Bayer A.G, Ai Gefu company, the chemical bactericide of the control fungal diseases of plants that Switzerland Shandeshi company and part are homemade.Mainly on strawberry, tomato, peppery (sweet) green pepper, custard squash, cucumber, contrast.
The specificity of this bactericide on the target crop is as follows:
Claims (8)
1. a compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture is characterized in that extracting acquisition by the natural plants of weight portion as described below through poach
Golden Larch Bark 90-130 artemisia annua 30-70
Melia toosendan 20-60 contains the Chinese herbal medicine 20-100 of natural plants tannin.
2. compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture according to claim 1 is characterized in that optimum weight part of each component is
Golden Larch Bark 100-120 artemisia annua 40-60
Melia toosendan 30-50 contains the Chinese herbal medicine 20-80 of natural plants tannin.
3. compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the described Chinese herbal medicine that contains the natural plants tannin is a gall nut.
4. compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the described Chinese herbal medicine that contains the natural plants tannin is a nutgall.
5. compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the described Chinese herbal medicine that contains the natural plants tannin is a Chinese sumac fruit.
6. compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the described Chinese herbal medicine that contains the natural plants tannin is the myrobalan.
7. the production method of a compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture is characterized in that comprising following step:
(A), the natural plant raw material of following weight portion is ground into powdery more than 60 orders: Golden Larch Bark 90-130, artemisia annua 30-70, melia toosendan 20-60, contain the Chinese herbal medicine 20-100 of natural plants tannin, to organize good material powder then and put into high temperature resistant closed container, add water 1000---5000 weight portions, be heated to 100 ℃-120 ℃, continue 5-20 minute, be cooled to 10 ℃-30 ℃, kept 10-40 minute, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to naturally and be not less than 5 ℃, store 12-48 hour, leach soup one time;
(B), will leach the residue behind the soup and add water 1000-3000 weight portion again, put into high temperature resistant closed container, be heated to 110 ℃-150 ℃, continue 5-20 minute, be cooled to 20 ℃-50 ℃, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to and be not less than 5 ℃, continue 20-50 minute, leach the secondary soup;
(C), the soup that leaches for twice is fully mixed, store 20-72 hour, be the compound botanical disinfectant use in agriculture of being produced.
8. the production method of a kind of botanical biological pesticide according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the described Chinese herbal medicine that contains the natural plants tannin is gall nut or nutgall or Chinese sumac fruit or myrobalan.
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