CN1299580C - Plant source biological pesticide and producing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pesticide and a producing method thereof, more specifically to a plant source biological pesticide and a producing method thereof. The pesticide is extracted from the natural plant tannin of tansymustard seed, officinal magnolia bark, hibiscus and common cnidium fruit by boiling with water according to a certain compounding ratio. The pesticide has the characteristics of stable production quality, outstanding performance, broad spectrum and low cost.

Description

A kind of botanical biological pesticide and production method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural chemicals and production method thereof, is a kind of botanical biological pesticide and production method specifically.

Background technology

At present, in vegetables, melon and fruit plantation, in the bactericide that uses for the control fungi 95% or more is the chemical pesticide bactericide, because a large amount of use chemical pesticide bactericide make various harmful germs produce drug resistance, increased the difficulty of control, also easily plant itself is produced harm, can also be residual in vegetables, melon and fruit, be detrimental to health, cause environmental pollution simultaneously, destroy the ecological balance.

Development agriculture along with sustainable development and organic farming more and more is subjected to the attention of many countries in the world, " green barrier " in the world agricultural trade is also harsh day by day, the application of chemical pesticide bactericide in agricultural production is subjected to strict more restriction, the particularly development of organic farming is all kept all chemical pesticide bactericide and genetically modified crops outside of the door.The pollution-free food AA grade standard of China also is defined in all chemical pesticide bactericide of forbidding in the agricultural production.But various biopesticides to human and Environmental security particularly from natural biological insecticides, are subjected to the attention of many countries in the world, classify the direction of giving priority to of agricultural chemicals as.The U.S. and European Union etc. are more and more stricter to the management of chemical pesticide to country, registration formalities to various biopesticides are then conformed to the principle of simplicity, in the whole world, the Geneva biopesticide development seminar of the World Health Organization in 1999, just the requirement of the registration formalities of biopesticide is simplified in proposition as far as possible.China Ministry of Agriculture clearly stipulates the registration formalities of biopesticide are conformed to the principle of simplicity.The natural plants source pesticide is as the important component part of biopesticide, become the emphasis of exploitation of China's pollution-free food agricultural chemicals and the new road that the Chinese herbal medicine source makes full use of.

There is abundant resources of medicinal plant in China, and vast farmers has hundreds of years history with the natural plants used as pesticides.Just put down in writing 220 plant species agricultural chemicals in " Chinese soil pesticide will " that nineteen fifty-nine publishes, adhered to 86 sections separately, these plants have the natural active matter of Pesticidal and sterilizing mostly.Wherein rheum officinale, rhizome of cyrtomium, lopseed, chrysanthemum punt-pole etc. all have the insecticide effect of curing the disease.Wherein kuh-seng, the tuber of stemona, trifoliate jewelvine, nicotine, chinaberry element etc. have been carried out suitability for industrialized production.For example 30 times of infusions of blackberry lily are 90% to potato late blight spore-germination inhibiting rate.(1) rheum officinale has capsicum mosaic disease that the sterilization effect of curing the disease (2) rheum officinale causes cucumber mosaic virus and has 30 times of water cooking liquids of more stable preventive effect (3) artemisia annua the potato late blight spore-germination is had inhibitory action, 15 times of water cooking liquids of chrysanthemum punt-pole are 50-60% to the control efficiency of wheat leaf rust, (4) " clean that is cloudy " of Chengdu En Wei pharmaceutical Co. Ltd exploitation, use frutus cnidii, tarragon, levisticum is controlled and is made secret recipe, and paddy rice is changed rot, rice blast, 14 kinds of fungi pathogenies bacterium such as wheat scab and tobacco leaf rot, edible mushroom, two kinds of bacteriums of bacillus have different inhibitory action.(5) ginkgo biloba p.e of people such as Shandong Province's Laiyang Agricultural College Meng Zhao gift invention is through synthetic " green Supreme Being " the serial disinfectant use in agriculture of manual simulation.(6) I have applied for four kinds of natural plants being the biological disinfectant use in agriculture of raw material November 5 calendar year 2001 to State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China, the invention patent certificate that the number of patenting on September 22 in 2004 is ZLO1127595.2.Though this patented technology has possessed universal, specificity, safety, owing to be subjected to the restriction of raw material supply, bactericide output is after expanding certain production scale to, raw material consume total amount above 15000 tons, bactericide output can be restricted, finally cause rise in price, lose the market competitiveness, promote the use of area and also will be restricted.

Simultaneously, because the complicated component of natural plants own, the industrial production technology of Chinese herbal medicine modernization is also very unripe, raw material can not standardization, quality of production instability, effect lacks specificity, and production cost is crossed high reason, makes most of natural plants source bactericides still be in the starting stage of theoretical research, small test suitability for industrialized production.Even the compound disinfectant use in agriculture that some has carried out suitability for industrialized production, the product different batches product quality that has cannot say for sure that also card is consistent, as " clean that is cloudy " improvement liquid of Chengdu En Wei pharmaceutical Co. Ltd exploitation; It is synthetic through the manual simulation that the product that has is a natural plant extracts, and clear and definite chemical constitution and chemical molecular are arranged, and and inorganic matter, be not real biopesticide therefore, can only be biogenic pesticide.

At present, still do not have specially at the natural plants bactericide commodity of the suitability for industrialized production of plant virus and pathogeny fungi and in agricultural production, widely apply.

Owing to carried out at present plant source agricultural insecticide, the bactericide of suitability for industrialized production, be from the organism separation and Extraction used as pesticides that comes out directly to use, or the active principle that re-uses after synthetic through the manual simulation.They still belong to chemical substance such as jinggangmeisu, Avermectin, pyrethrin, rotenone, nicotine etc. in itself, clear and definite chemical constitution and chemical molecular formula are all arranged, and and inorganic matter, therefore should not call " biopesticide " to this class material, to avoid conceptual confusion, it is relatively more definite to be called " biogenic pesticide ", is not biopesticide truly.

Because the restriction of the complicated component of natural plants own and production technology aspect, raw material can not standardization, the quality instability, and effect lacks specificity, makes to be in research and industrialization starting stage on the natural plants source bactericide.According to modern medicinal herb components and pharmacological research, by Chinese herbal medicine " golden prescription " the requirement prescription of (referring to the Chinese herb compound that five kinds of Chinese medicine is following), use special fermentation technique, be that the quality of production is stable, one of the effective way of excellent performance, universal, low-cost natural plant agriculture chemicals fungicide.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of quality of production is stable, excellent performance, universal, botanical biological pesticide and production method thereof cheaply.

For achieving the above object, botanical biological pesticide of the present invention extracts acquisition by the natural plants that comprises following weight portion through poach

Lepidium seed 90---130 bark of official magnolia 30---70 rose of Sharons 30-70

Frutus cnidii 20---50 contain the Chinese herbal medicine 15 of natural plants tannin---40.

Optimum weight part of this each component of botanical biological pesticide is

Lepidium seed 100---120 barks of official magnolia 40---60 rose of Sharon 40---60

Frutus cnidii 30---40 contain the Chinese herbal medicine 25 of natural plants tannin---30.

The above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicine that contains the natural plants tannin can be a gall nut, also can be nutgall or Chinese sumac fruit or myrobalan.

Above-mentioned frutus cnidii can replace with giant knotweed.

The production method of this botanical biological pesticide comprises following step:

(A) following natural plant raw material is ground into powdery more than 60 orders: lepidium seed 90---130; The bark of official magnolia 30---70; The rose of Sharon 30---70; Frutus cnidii 20---50; The Chinese herbal medicine 15 that contains the natural plants tannin---40, to organize good material powder then and put into high temperature resistant closed container, add water 2000---6500 weight portions, be heated to 100 ℃---120 ℃, 50 ℃ of lasting 10---30 minutes, being cooled to 20 ℃---are cooled to naturally under the condition of abundant ingress of air and are not less than 5 ℃, store 12---48 hours, leach soup one time;

(B) residue that step (A) is leached adds water 1000 again---0 weight portion of 300 weight portions is heated to 110 ℃---150 ℃, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, lower the temperature, and---50 ℃, continuing 20---50 minutes, leaches the secondary soup to keep 20 ℃;

(C) soup and secondary soup are fully mixed, store 20---72 hours, be the botanical biological pesticide of being produced.

The above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicine that contains the natural plants tannin is gall nut or nutgall or Chinese sumac fruit or myrobalan.

The present invention is in view of the many disadvantages and the deficiency of present various disinfectant use in agriculture, with the natural Chinese medicinal herb is raw material, prescription requirement according to Chinese herbal medicine " golden prescription ", make Chinese medicine preparation by two kinds of bactericide, a kind of stabilizing agent, a kind of quality standard conditioning agent, a kind of synergist, through special prescription and boiled process, produce efficient, wide spectrum, low toxicity, safety, the agriculture chemicals fungicide that meets world's organic farming and China pollution-free food AA grade standard makes various single raw material control plant resource fungal disease effects improve hundreds of times.Simultaneously, do not need industrial additive, chemical solvent in production process, creation utilizes natural plants to produce the new technology of disinfectant use in agriculture, eliminate the industrial pollution in the production process, reduce production costs, make price lower, in agricultural production, substitute the various chemical pesticide bactericide of same use than chemical bactericide.

The present invention is that the target of the biological disinfectant use in agriculture of raw material is gray mold, late blight, verticillium wilt, the powdery mildew of vegetables, melon and fruit with the natural Chinese medicinal herb, and the sterilization high specificity has special efficacy to strawberry, peppery (sweet) green pepper, tomato, eggplant, potato.

Have following characteristics specifically:

1, the usefulness of control fungal diseases of plants

Because the certain plants fungal disease, in specific plant and environment, the incidence probability height, spread speed is fast, need be 2---3 days inner control state of an illness, as two red persimmon late blights and the cotton eqpidemic disease evil of eggplant.Some plant is subjected to the restriction of growth characteristic, can not spraying fungicide when being subjected to harmful germ infringement, bear fruit and the maturing stage as strawberry, and its fruit can not be stained with open fire, and the grape phase of bearing fruit can not too much be stained with open fire, otherwise, a large amount of decayed fruits can appear.This just makes chemical bactericide broad-spectrum, high efficiency aspect in actual applications expose the shortcoming that can't overcome.And the bactericide that the present invention produces, then can be under the condition of various complexity, broad-spectrum, kill the fungal disease of harm plant fast, promote the plant recovery normal growth.

(1) peppery (sweet) green pepper eqpidemic disease, tomato late blight; the incidence probability height; spread speed is fast; in case take place in the field; particularly take place in the protection ground booth in the winter of low temperature, high humility; if 2---can not disease controlling in 3 days, just have the possibility of ruining the canopy total crop failure, its residual germ also can continue to endanger section crop more than next batch.Existing chemical pesticide bactericide; as mancozeb (big giving birth to; Xin Wansheng), bactericide such as Propamocarb (Pu Like), cymoxanil mancozeb, peace gram MnZn, Sandofan, metalaxyl; all can not high concentration use continuously in a short time, easily produce drug resistance, it is slow to take effect; in the protection ground cultivation of Shouguang City, Shandong Province; because of farming year after year, the annual booth total crop failure in winter that all has is in various degree suffered heavy losses.If use bactericide of the present invention, only need after finding at 3 in the afternoon same day of diseased plant, spray once by instructions for use, the next afternoon is irritated root once, and the emphasis plant is sprayed one meter scope on every side simultaneously, after 10 of the 3rd day afternoon or the 4th day mornings, get final product complete disease controlling, pathogeny fungi more than 90% is killed, and sees that in the field morbidity part is dry, no longer includes the water soaking mode scab.Be to guarantee the completeness of sterilization, can suitably spray again or irritate root once.If in the middle sequela of growth, the stem that soup to smear to be in a bad way.Like this, the field result of treatment can reach more than 90%.

(2) cucumber downy mildew is the main disease of protection ground plastic tent cucumber, and morbidity and spread speed are exceedingly fast, and is commonly called as " horse race is done ".Regularly spray prevention in 3-7 days with traditional chemical pesticide bactericide, both influenced the inherent quality of product, can not prevent and treat disease fully again, morbidity in a single day in canopy, traditional chemical bactericide, the uncontrollable state of an illness spreads.If with the bactericide that the present invention produces, generally, 15-20 days winters, spring and autumn were irritated root in 20-30 days or are sprayed once, can guarantee that disease does not take place the plant more than 90%, if do not effect prevention, in case downy mildew takes place in the field, after 3 of that afternoons at the initial stage of a disease, spray once on request, the next afternoon irritates root again and sprays once, and to the medication of disease plant emphasis, the controlled state of an illness, and make the plant more than 90% recover growth, do not influence output substantially.If repeatedly use the chemical pesticide bactericide before and after onset, the uncontrollable state of an illness need double medication when using bactericide of the present invention first, and append by positive usual amounts and to irritate root or spray once, except that sick dried arriving the plant of plunger tip, need not to pull out, do not influence growth substantially.

In the winter time with the cucumber booth in early spring in, as run into abominable low temperature cloudy weather for several days running snow weather, carry and irritate root the previous day once, 3---supplementary volume played straw mat in 5 days, can guarantee the plant more than 80%, and fungal disease does not take place.

(3) powdery mildew of strawberry is the frequently-occurring disease of strawberry, and strawberry is bearing fruit and the maturing stage can not be stained with open fire, otherwise, decayed fruit will be taken place, can only use systemic fungicide, general chemical pesticide bactericide uses when being difficult in the strawberry morbidity.The bactericide that the present invention produces has good interior absorption and quick-acting, only need irritate root as requested or with drip irrigation equipment with the use of watering, can make the treatment powdery mildew of strawberry more than the control or 85% more than 90%.

(4) custard squash powdery mildew and downy mildew are its multiple common diseases; big with the expanding stage water requirement bearing fruit of custard squash, the ground air high humidity is particularly in protection ground plastic greenhouse; air is not smooth; humidity is bigger, and humidity is the necessary condition that harm takes place for powdery mildew and downy mildew, with the medication of rotating at regular intervals of traditional chemical bactericide; also usually be that old complaint does not heal, new disease is sent out again; both influence product quality, occurred malformed fruit again easily, also increased production cost.The bactericide that uses the present invention to produce, in killing pathogenic bacteria, improved plant itself resistance against diseases, under the normal condition, irritate root once about 20 days by instructions for use, plant more than 90% is not encroached on, during first the morbidity, disease plant is irritated root, and to diseased plant and 1.5 meters scope emphasis sprinkling on every side, can make the state of an illness more than 85% controlled, plant recovers growth.

(5), downy mildew is the common disease on the grape, because grape is a perennial plant, use the chemical pesticide bactericide year after year, all make germ produce drug resistance in various degree, usage amount continues to increase, human body and plant itself are produced harm, environmental water systems is produced pollute, as bordeaux mixture, metalaxyl, peace gram MnZn etc.The bactericide that the present invention produces can be reused in a short time and not produce drug resistance, to plant, environment, human body safety, in the condition that does not add any chemical agent, on the open-air blade good tack is arranged.The plastic greenhouse grape, under low, the high humidity of temperature, the slack situation of air, control rate can reach more than 85% in early spring season, and the basic influence of eliminating output obviously is better than using various chemical bactericides.

(6) strawberry, eggplant verticillium wilt soil survival period reach 7---and 12 years, belong to the intractable soil-borne disease, can infect cotton, be called as " cancer " of cotton, difficulty of prevention and cure is big.For example developed into the provincialism serious plant disease in the strawberry cultivating district in Dandong city.Still do not have the special efficacy chemical bactericide at present, carbendazim commonly used, pcnb, complex copper preparation produce poisoning to plant easily.Particularly carbendazim easily makes plant of Solanaceae give birth to malformed fruit more, is easy to generate drug resistance, and control efficiency is poor.Use bactericide of the present invention, can be according to the slow characteristics of verticillium wilt spread speed, to the double medication of disease plant, every 5 days once, continuous irrigation root 3 times, and the sprinkling diseased plant reaches 2 meters scope on every side, cure rate can reach more than 90%, pressed the constant medication once every 20 days later on, medication 5---7 times, can in a vegetative period, eradicate the residual germ in the soil.

(7) potato late blight is a kind of important disease during potato produces, generally take place in China potato producing region, especially under the condition rainy, that weather is clammy, summer sowing is reserved seed for planting and high mountain is reserved seed for planting, can cause plant withered in advance, production loss 20%-30%, existing control medicament is chemical bactericide, planting easily generation drug resistance of area year after year, control efficiency is more and more undesirable, even disease-resistant variety also is restricted because of the condition of reserving seed for planting, need constantly adopt or change disease-resistant seedling, increase production cost.The disinfectant use in agriculture that the present invention produces soaked 1 hour potato ball growing seedlings before, when plantation every mu with 2KG by 50---caves are irritated in 70 times of dilutions, and later on every medication in 25 days 1 time, logotype 3 times can prevent and treat the disease generation more than 85%.Carry out emphasis and irritate roots and to spraying agent in 3 meters scopes around the diseased plant, can cure disease and prevent disease spread even diseases take place indivedual plant, its effect reaches more than 80%.The bactericide that the present invention produces, but reuse in short-term and do not produce drug resistance, and in plantation area year after year, the control efficiency in year is better later on, and reduces dosage and save cost.

(8) stem rot of cucumber is a kind of silborne fungal diseases, can encroach on 64 sections, 383 plant species, is one of most important disease on the protection pachyrhizus fruit type vegetable, is generally encroached on plot loss 10%---30%.Common chemical fungicide carbendazim, Sukeling, sclex etc. easily produce drug resistance, and control efficiency is more and more undesirable; After the cucumber morbidity, need continuous use 3 in a short time---4 times, particularly, influenced the quality of vegetables with easily producing malformed fruit behind the carbendazim.Use bactericide of the present invention, except that spraying routinely comprehensively, can be according to the soilborne characteristics of stem rot of cucumber, to the double medication of disease plant, once every 5 days, continuous irrigation root 2 times, and spray diseased plant and around 2 meters scope, cure rate can reach more than 90%, presses the constant medication once every 20 days later on, approximately medication 5---7 times, can in a vegetative period, eradicate the remaining germ in the soil.

2, planting many, the difficult several special fungal diseases of preventing and treating except that, harm section fast to above 8 incidence of disease height, spread speed has the specificity, bactericide of the present invention is also to other fungal disease and Deuteromycotina fungal diseases such as sub-spore, silk spore, sickle spore, chain lattice spore, nuclear disk, wheel branch, in the environment of equal field, all good effect is arranged than chemical pesticide bactericide, the integrated control rate all can reach more than 70%, and price is not as good as 50% of various import agriculture chemicals fungicides.

The bactericide that the present invention produces; it is active component with vegetable alkaloid, glycosides, acid; can be behind viral fungal infection plant; synthesizing of preferential participation germ protease and nucleic acid polymerase; make germ after receiving wrong hereditary information; lose breeding and survival ability; thereby the protective plant cell is not encroached on; prevent disease fungi damage to crops, repair the plant cell of being encroached on, can increase the resistance of plant simultaneously; promote plant growing; plant itself is not produced poisoning,, can prevent and treat the fungal diseases of plants more than 85% targetedly if use on request.

3, improve the Chinese herbal medicine availability

The bactericide that the present invention produces in the plate experiment, can make the bactericidal effect of each herbal medicine improve more than 200 times than its folk prescription effect, reaches as high as more than 800 times, and the present invention produces bactericide can save the herbal raw material resource.

4, constant product quality

Because the active component of botanical pesticide is a class or a few class secondary metabolites of plant, its kind, content are except that being subjected to the control of plant self hereditary factor, also be subjected to the influence of external environmental condition (as temperature, humidity, illumination, P in soil H value, biocoenosis etc. on every side), the stability of existing most of botanical pesticides is not high, and the quality of different batches product is difficult to control.The bactericide that the present invention produces owing to contain a kind of stabilizing agent in the composition of raw materials, can guarantee the stability of product under normal conditions, and the storage life of product was reached more than 24 months.

5, the active ingredient of product can identify with " finger print method "

Owing to be a class or a few class secondary metabolites complicated component of plant, people are limited to its molecular structure understanding, particularly more limited to the understanding of higher plant ingredient, be difficult to resemble and clearly indicate molecular structure and active constituent content the chemical pesticide, therefore, the difficult quality guarantee unanimity of the botanical pesticide in different batches, the different material place of production, this also is botanical pesticide is badly in need of solution in suitability for industrialized production a difficult problem.The bactericide that the present invention produces, owing to contain a kind of conditioning agent in the composition of raw materials, the quality of the bactericide in different batches, the different material place of production is consistent, and with " finger print method " sign quality, this also meets the product quality sign requirement of European Union to the plant resource medicine, has solved the difficult problem how the botanical pesticide product quality identifies simultaneously.

6, help protecting environment and human body safety

At present, the common chemical agriculture chemicals fungicide, mainly be that organic sulfur, organic phosphor arsenic nitrogen, connection are for benzene, heterocycle, copper agent, and chemical composite dose, no matter how low its toxicity is, the sanitary standard of most countries has all been stipulated access times, residual quantity, human body daily intaking amount and safety interval to the kind more than 95% in the world.These chemical pesticide bactericide all can destroy the ecological balance, contaminated environment because of long-term the use.

The raw material that the present invention is used is pressed the medical sanitary standard, belongs to low toxicity or non-toxic herb.Bactericide of the present invention does not generally need the treatment measure after wrongly taking, but for safety, available 100G mung bean is to boil water, eats beans and eats soup, or with to boil water the drinking of each 25G of Radix Glycyrrhizae, French beans and honeysuckle, every day 2 times, serve on 2 days.

7, unrestricted in organic farming is produced

The bactericide that the present invention produces, employing be natural plant raw material, make through twice poach, in process of production need not any chemicals, be the pure natural plant source preparation, in the registration management formality, conform to the principle of simplicity.Therefore, no matter be traditional farming or organic farming, clauses that uses without limits all." the organic food working system " of the organic food agricultural production standard EU-2092/91 of European Union, the U.S. i.e. " Organic Foods Production Act " for example, the pollution-free food AA grade standard of China does not limit the use of biopesticide.

Bactericide of the present invention, when using, should avoid sunlight point in the strong mornings 10 in the field---afternoons 3 point, normally medication of overcast and rainy snow weather in protection ground booth.

8, abundant raw material and renewable

The used plant material of the present invention has a large amount of distributions in China, and can the large tracts of land artificial planting, and lepidium seed, the bark of official magnolia, the rose of Sharon, frutus cnidii, gall nut, Chinese sumac fruit, myrobalan's consumption in traditional Chinese medicine are less.If, can not cause sharp rising of price by 15000 tons of calculating of annual consumption total raw material, just in case sharp rise, also can be because of tame expansion drop rapidly.

9, small investment of production equipment, production process is pollution-free

The present invention produces device therefor, is home equipment, the most expensive key equipment, and the medical tool factory on ground such as Shanghai all can produce complete equipment.If by consuming 5000 tons of calculating of total raw material, its every automatic production line only needs 1,500,000 yuans.

In process of production, do not clean raw material, the soup that leaches is the loss of energy not; The medicine residue has passed through hot fermentation, can reprocess to be organic manure, perhaps equally directly applies the farmland with returning crop stocks to the field, and increases the organic matter in the soil, meets the requirement of organic farming.Therefore, no industrial wastewater, waste sludge discharge, environmentally safe, pollution-free.

Embodiment

Material component 1, lepidium seed 90 grams, the bark of official magnolia 35 grams, the rose of Sharon 30 grams, frutus cnidii 30 grams, gall nut 20 grams.

Material component 2, lepidium seed 110 grams, the bark of official magnolia 50 grams, the rose of Sharon 45 grams, frutus cnidii 35 grams, gall nut 30 grams.

Material component 3, lepidium seed 120 grams, the bark of official magnolia 60 grams, the rose of Sharon 50 grams, frutus cnidii 40 grams, nutgall 40 grams.

Material component 4, lepidium seed 90 grams, the bark of official magnolia 35 grams, the rose of Sharon 30 grams, frutus cnidii 30 grams, Chinese sumac fruit 20 grams.

Material component 5, lepidium seed 110 grams, the bark of official magnolia 50 grams, the rose of Sharon 45 grams, giant knotweed 35 grams, gall nut 25 grams.

Material component 6, lepidium seed 120 grams, the bark of official magnolia 60 grams, the rose of Sharon 50 grams, giant knotweed 40 grams, myrobalan's 40 grams.

Material component 7, lepidium seed 100 grams, the bark of official magnolia 65 grams, the rose of Sharon 50 grams, giant knotweed 40 grams, Chinese sumac fruit 30 grams.

Production method 1:

A, raw material is pulverized respectively is 80 order powderies, puts into pottery or enamel closed container, adds water 2000 grams, is heated to 100 ℃, continues 20 minutes, is cooled to 50 ℃, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, is cooled to 20 ℃, leaches one time soup after 12 hours.

B, the residue that steps A is leached add water 1000 grams, are heated to 125 ℃, continue 60 minutes, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, are cooled to 40 ℃, continue 30 minutes, leach the secondary soup.

C, soup and secondary soup fully mixed after, keep 30 ℃ temperature, after 5 hours cooling identical as for daily room temperature, be the fungal diseases of plants bactericide.

Production method 2:

A,, raw material is pulverized respectively is 60 order powderies, puts into pottery or enamel closed container, adds water 3000 grams, is heated to 120 ℃, continue 10 minutes, be cooled to 20 ℃, kept 20 minutes, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to more than 5 ℃, leach one time soup after 12 hours.

B, the residue that steps A is leached add water 1000 grams, are heated to 125 ℃, continue 60 minutes, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, are cooled to 40 ℃, continue 30 minutes, leach the secondary soup.

C, soup and secondary soup fully mixed after, keep 30 ℃ temperature, after 5 hours cooling identical as for daily room temperature, store 30 hours and be the fungal diseases of plants bactericide.

Production method 3:

A, raw material is pulverized respectively is 100 order powderies, puts into pottery or enamel closed container, adds water 6500 grams, is heated to 110 ℃, continue 10 minutes, cool off 20 ℃, kept 20 minutes, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to 5 ℃, leach one time soup after 12 hours.

B, the residue that steps A is leached add water 3000 grams, are heated to 125 ℃, continue 60 minutes, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, are cooled to 40 ℃, continue 30 minutes, leach the secondary soup.

C, soup and secondary soup fully mixed after, keep 25 ℃ temperature, after 5 hours cooling identical as for daily room temperature, store 30 hours and be the fungal diseases of plants bactericide.Production method 4:

A, raw material is pulverized respectively is 150 order powderies, puts into pottery or enamel closed container, adds water 6000 grams, is heated to 115 ℃, continue 10 minutes, be cooled to 20 ℃, kept 20 minutes, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to 15 ℃, leach one time soup after 12 hours.

B, the residue that steps A is leached add water 2500 grams, are heated to 125 ℃, continue 40 minutes, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, are cooled to 40 ℃, continue 30 minutes, leach the secondary soup.

C, soup and secondary soup fully mixed after, keep 25 ℃ temperature, after 5 hours cooling identical as for daily room temperature, store 20 hours and be the fungal diseases of plants bactericide.

During use, dilute 50-70 times, spray or irritate root fallen ill vegetables, melon and fruit.For example prevent and treat capsicum downy mildew, eqpidemic disease, stalk break, medication can observe the affected part drying in the field after 24 hours, and the water soaking mode scab has tangible dry edge, and the disease fungi is killed.If after 8 hours, can observe the disease fungi at microscopically and be killed in indoor detection medication.If the downy mildew on the grape of field, the spray medicine promptly can observe filemot atrophy mycelia, drying after 24 hours, and the disease fungi is killed.To strawberry, eggplant verticillium wilt, need by 30---50 times of dilution medications.

Sterilization mechanism: this bactericide is by three kinds of approach control fungal diseases of plants, the one, the moisture in the blocking-up germ ingress of air, suppress the growth of mycelia or spore, the 2nd, the aggegation phytopathogen cell of catching an illness, destroy, decompose the germ cell protein, the 3rd, suppress the synthetic of germ nucleic acid polymerase, suppress germ reproduction, thereby make old complaint bacterium atrophy death, new germ is irreproducible.

The active component of the contained plant glycosides of this bactericide, alkali, acid; can be behind disease fungal infection plant; synthesizing of preferential participation germ protease and nucleic acid polymerase; make germ after receiving wrong hereditary information; lose breeding and survival ability, thus the protective plant cell do not encroached on, prevent the disease fungi crop of causing harm; 15---in 30 days, can make the plant more than 85% exempt from disease.

During use, dilution 50---70 times, after 3, spray disease plant, and irritate root simultaneously in the afternoon, after 24 hours,, can after 20 hours, irritate root once more to the emphasis diseased plant by using once with quadrat method.If in the laboratory instrument detecting, after the medication 12 hours for the second time, can observe virus and be inactivated; If observe in the field, normal weather 3 after the second time or the medication for the third time---5 days, the tender leaf that promptly can observe the diseased plant top begins to unfold, newborn tender leaf does not have morbid state, 90% diseased plant recovers growth gradually in after the medication 7-15 days for the third time, seriously ill Lao Ye no longer recovers, and the scab on the old fruit can not be removed, but no longer influences the late growing stage of plant.Nearly 5% the diseased plant in the field, reason such as feelings, environment due to illness is difficult to recover normal, indivedual diseased plants can also recover growth at 20-30 days, these diseased plants under no external pathogeny condition, other plant of generally can not causing harm.

Points for attention

(1) bactericide of the present invention, can not with plant insecticide or alkali electroless combined use of pesticides, otherwise, can reduce the effect of bactericide, can not use with organophosphorus insecticide, otherwise, reduce the effect of insecticide, and to plant generation poisoning itself, for example acephatemet missible oil and this bactericide of 50% are used with, can make acephatemet reduce insecticidal effect.

(2) the present embodiment is not best composition and technological temperature, do not adopt the specificity raw material, production cost is higher, only low than Chinese herbal medicine folk prescription price, with the chemical bactericide price quite or than chemical bactericide price height, if on traditional farming, use, on applying, there is not price advantage, its effective sterilizing rate has than mistake.

(3) this bactericide has precipitation in storage process, shakes up during use, does not influence drug effect in the shelf-life, and the term of validity of bactericide is 24 months.

(4) the field effect data of this bactericide; being among the people 3---the use in 4 years is summed up; be applied in the protection ground of plantation year after year mostly; mainly contain dan Bu Zi town, Anqiu, Shandong Province booth; the booth of Wu Tai town, Shouguang City, Shandong Province booth, Los Angeles town booth, bridge construction subdistrict office booth, civilian tame subdistrict office, annual total usable floor area is not a theoretical calculate more than 300 mu.

This bactericide has universal on vegetables, melon and fruit, homology fungi, virus disease to taking place on fruit tree, the flowers have good control efficiency.Consider from cost, effect, environment and safety aspect, can replace with purposes chemical pesticide bactericide.

The laboratory data of this bactericide to the simple test of downy mildew, late disease bacteria, verticillium wilt pathogen, white powder germ, is not a precise information just.

(5) this bactericide is among the people trying out, and the chemical pesticide bactericide of contrast mainly contains du pont company, cyanamide company, Bayer A.G, Ai Gefu company, the chemical bactericide of the control fungal diseases of plants that Switzerland Shandeshi company and part are homemade.Mainly on strawberry, tomato, peppery (sweet) green pepper, custard squash, cucumber, contrast.

The specificity of this biopesticide on the target crop

Claims (9)

1, a kind of botanical biological pesticide is characterized in that extracting acquisition by the natural plants that comprises following weight portion through poach

Lepidium seed 90---130 barks of official magnolia 30---70 rose of Sharon 30---70

Frutus cnidii 20---50 contain the Chinese herbal medicine 15 of natural plants tannin---40.

2. botanical biological pesticide according to claim 1 is characterized in that the weight portion of each component is

Lepidium seed 100---120 barks of official magnolia 40---60 rose of Sharon 40---60

Frutus cnidii 30---40 contain the Chinese herbal medicine 25 of natural plants tannin---30.

3, botanical biological pesticide according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the described Chinese herbal medicine that contains the natural plants tannin is a gall nut.

4, botanical biological pesticide according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the described Chinese herbal medicine that contains the natural plants tannin is a nutgall.

5, botanical biological pesticide according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the described Chinese herbal medicine that contains the natural plants tannin is a Chinese sumac fruit.

6, botanical biological pesticide according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the described Chinese herbal medicine that contains the natural plants tannin is the myrobalan.

7, botanical biological pesticide according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described frutus cnidii can replace with giant knotweed.

8, a kind of production method of botanical biological pesticide is characterized in that: comprise the steps

(A) following natural plant raw material is ground into powdery more than 60 orders: lepidium seed 90---130; The bark of official magnolia 30---70; The rose of Sharon 30---70; Frutus cnidii 20---50; The Chinese herbal medicine 15 that contains the natural plants tannin---40, to organize good material powder then and put into high temperature resistant closed container, add water 2000---6500 weight portions, be heated to 100 ℃---120 ℃, continue 10---30 minutes, be cooled to 20 ℃-50 ℃, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to naturally and be not less than 5 ℃, store 12---48 hours, leach soup one time;

(B) residue that step (A) is leached adds water 1000 again---3000 weight portions are heated to 110 ℃---150 ℃, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, lower the temperature, and keep 20 ℃-50 ℃, continue 20---50 minutes, leach the secondary soup;

(C) soup and secondary soup are fully mixed, store 20---72 hours, be the botanical biological pesticide of being produced.

9, the production method of a kind of botanical biological pesticide according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the described Chinese herbal medicine that contains the natural plants tannin is gall nut or nutgall or Chinese sumac fruit or myrobalan.