CN109168902A - A kind of cultural method improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN109168902A CN109168902A CN201811163020.5A CN201811163020A CN109168902A CN 109168902 A CN109168902 A CN 109168902A CN 201811163020 A CN201811163020 A CN 201811163020A CN 109168902 A CN109168902 A CN 109168902A
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- rosa roxburghii
- roxburghii tratt
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B11/00—Fertilisers produced by wet-treating or leaching raw materials either with acids in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solutions followed by neutralisation, or with alkaline lyes
- C05B11/04—Fertilisers produced by wet-treating or leaching raw materials either with acids in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solutions followed by neutralisation, or with alkaline lyes using mineral acid
- C05B11/12—Fertilisers produced by wet-treating or leaching raw materials either with acids in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solutions followed by neutralisation, or with alkaline lyes using mineral acid using aqueous hydrochloric acid
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention belongs to planting technology fields, a kind of cultural method improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality is specifically disclosed, specific step is as follows: (1) preparing seedling medium: seedling medium being laid in planting greenhouse after self-control seedling medium, seedling medium is piled on thick 30 centimetres of soil being laid in greenhouse, then compartment is opened, it is split into 2-2.2 meters of width of compartment face, the distance between compartment face Mian Yuxiang offers 0.5-0.8 meters of ditch；(2) it plants；(3) it interplants；(4) field management；(5) fruit harvesting.Present invention has the advantage that the survival rate of Rosa roxburghii Tratt nursery can not only be improved, the high survival rate after the adaptability height transplanting of seedling, the quality of Rosa roxburghii Tratt is also protected, and the yield of Rosa roxburghii Tratt also increases.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of cultural method for improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality.
[background technique]
Rosa roxburghii Tratt (Rosa roxburghii Tratt) belongs to rosaceae Rosa perennial plant, and fruit has high battalion
Feeding, health care and pharmaceutical value, are the emerging fruit trees that China is peculiar and is greatly developing.In Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, good fortune
It builds, Henan etc. more than 10 saves (area) has commercialization to cultivate.Currently, only Guizhou Province's cultivated area is up to 500,000 mu or more, it has also become
The specialty industries that the whole province gives priority to, produced 50% or more fruit is for squeezing the juice, the fruit that only Guizhou Province generates after squeezing the juice every year
Residue is more than 40,000 tons and increases year by year, and almost all abandons at present, not only causes greatly to waste, also pollution environment.
Rosa roxburghii Tratt is mainly planted in mountain area, and the nursery success rate of Rosa roxburghii Tratt is high and the quality of Rosa roxburghii Tratt of nursery is not high causes
Survival rate after transplanting is not high, and in order to increase fruit yield, a large amount of applying pesticides deinsectization have seriously affected the product of Rosa roxburghii Tratt
Matter；And Rosa roxburghii Tratt fertilising is generally used traditional farmyard manure or quick-acting chemical fertilizer, and usual 1 year fertilizer application frequency is at 3-4 times, chemical fertilizer
Type and amount usually by virtue of experience or nutritional ingredient can not meet tree body demand cause yield and quality decline, or Yin
Excessively cause pest and disease damage serious for a certain dvielement form；Simultaneously as quick-acting loss of chemical fertilizer seriously cause fertilizer efficiency utilization rate low
And cause environmental pollution.
[summary of the invention]
Goal of the invention of the invention is to provide a kind of cultural method for improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality, Plant plane of the invention,
The survival rate of Rosa roxburghii Tratt nursery, the high survival rate after the adaptability height transplanting of seedling can not only be improved, the quality of Rosa roxburghii Tratt also obtains
Yield to guarantee, and Rosa roxburghii Tratt also increases.
To achieve the goals above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
(1) it prepares seedling medium: seedling medium being laid in planting greenhouse after self-control seedling medium, seedling medium accumulation
At on thick 30 centimetres of soil being laid in greenhouse, compartment is then opened, is split into 2-2.2 meters of width of compartment face, between the face Mian Yuxiang of compartment
Distance offer 0.5-0.8 meters of ditch；
The seedling medium is prepared by following raw material: in parts by weight, 15-25 parts of corn stovers, 10-
15 parts of agrocybe culture bacterium bag matrix, 10-15 parts of pond sludge, sand, 1-3 parts of EM bacterium, 3-8 parts of chicken manures, 3-5 parts of strands in 10-20 parts
Blue extract, 5-8 parts of Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extracts；
(2) it plants: robust growth, the Rosa roxburghii Tratt peripheral branch of the lignifying of no disease and pests harm being cut into 20-25 centimetres, then used
The salt water that mass concentration is 10-15% is rinsed after impregnating 1 minute using clear water, is then placed in taking root liquid and is impregnated 10-20 minutes,
By slotting kind of 2-2.5 meters of spacing in the rows of distances in compartment Middle face, and using cuttage seeding to discharge biological organic at a circle 15-25cm in the center of circle
Fertilizer, then sprinkles sand in one layer, pours root water in time to cuttage seeding；(3) it interplants: starting in the First Year of Rosa roxburghii Tratt plantation in wing-rooms on either side of a one-story house
Between plant purple ginger, and at interval of the biological organic fertilizer of application in 5 months during plantation, 2-3 kilograms/plant；
(4) field management:
S1 watering: watering in time, keeping the moisture content of Rosa roxburghii Tratt planting site is 30-40%,
S2 fertilising: transplanting starts top dressing after 8-10 months, and fertilizer amount is 2 kilograms/plant；Annual May is 3 according to fertilizer amount afterwards
Kilogram/plant imposes；
S3 trims whole tree: the initial stage after transplanting, appoints the growth of Rosa roxburghii Tratt seedling, promotees fruit and simultaneously forms tree crown, Rosa roxburghii Tratt tree lower layer's branch with
Branches and leaves of dying of illness are extractd in time, make 50 centimetres on the ground of Rosa roxburghii Tratt shoot and leaf growth, are guaranteed air circulation, are suitably repaired to upper layer branch
Cut guarantee translucency；
S4 insect pest preventing and controlling: and apply desinsection medical fluid and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out to it, applying discharge rate is 2-4L/ mus；
(5) fruit harvesting: when Single Roxburgh Rose Fruit skin portion yellowing, fruit is picked immediately.
It further illustrates, the Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract concrete operation method is: after gynostemma pentaphyllum herb drying, accurately weighing
The ethanol solution that the mass fraction of 50ml is 75-80% is added in 10g, carries out heating water bath extraction after vibrating 10-20S, water-bath
Temperature is 70-80 DEG C, is extracted 30-40 minutes, stops heating water bath and extracts natural cooling, then continues to repeat previous water-bath
Heating extraction 20-30 minutes, stops heating water bath and extract natural cooling, and and stop carrying out ultrasound immediately when heating water bath extracts
Assisted extraction, the frequency of ultrasonic wave are 200-300 hertz；Then it is filtered by the macroporous absorbent resin of model D101, by matter
The sodium hydroxide solution that amount concentration is 15-25% is that 1-1.2BV/h flows into resin flushing 3-5 minutes according to flow velocity, is then used
Ethanol solution is eluted, elution flow rate 1.5-2.0BV/h, is eluted 5-8 minutes, is obtained fraction, fraction is concentrated under reduced pressure back
Ethyl alcohol is received, Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract then can be obtained after heat drying；It is not less than in the Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract containing saponin(e
18.55mg/g, flavones content are not less than 10.35mg/g.
It further illustrates, the concrete operations of the Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract are: quality point will be added after the drying of Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae herb
Number is the ethanol solution of 70-80%, refluxing extraction 60-70 minutes, amounts to refluxing extraction 2-3 times, filters merging filtrate, then adjust
PH value is saved to 4-5, stirs after standing, filtering, filtrate is added and adjusts pH value to 8-9, then carries out chloroform extraction, collection chlorine
Imitative layer recycles chloroform with Rotary Evaporators, and Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract can be obtained in dry 1.51 times for being concentrated into original volume；It is described
It is containing alkaloids in Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract to be not less than 14.21mg/g.
Further illustrate, the seedling medium specific the preparation method is as follows:
S1, corn stalk powder is broken into 2-3 centimetres；
S2, after 1-2 hours being stood after the suitable water of agrocybe culture bacterium bag matrix addition, culture substrate is broken up；
S3, chicken manure is built into heap, digs out a groove in hollow-cone cylinder in center, after Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract is spilt in groove
With the outer surface of cone cylinder, high temperature was exposed to the sun after 1-2 days, is transferred to high-temperature steam and heats 30-50 minutes, then naturally cools to often
Temperature；
S4, by S1, S2, S3 treated raw material, mixed with pond sludge, middle sand, EM bacterium after build heap and ferment 35-45 days, obtain
Fermentation material；
S5, fermentation material and Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract are mixed evenly and seedling medium can be obtained.
It further illustrates, the biological organic fertilizer is prepared by following methods:
By weight, take 15-20 parts of chicken manures to build heap, dig out a groove in hollow-cone cylinder in center, after by 3-5 parts
Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract is spilt in being exposed to the sun after 1-2 days in groove with the outer surface of cone cylinder, high temperature, is transferred to high-temperature steam heating 30-50
Minute, room temperature is then naturally cooled to, crushing is then dried；It takes 10-18 parts of broomcorn straw to be put into cave dwelling and carries out kiln
It burns, will can stop after stalk firing carbon ash；It takes 18-25 parts of oyster shells to be crushed, is added in calcining furnace at 800-900 DEG C
Calcining 10-20 minutes；Quickly grinding fever is carried out after taking 10-20 parts of phosphorus tailings to crush, and is contained immediately followed by hydrogen ion is added
Amount is 6 × 10-4-8×10-4In the hydrochloric acid solution of mol/L, it is heated to carrying out reaction 1-1.5 hours at 28-29 DEG C, then carries out
Feed liquid is then all poured into porcelain dish, is melted into drying in power transmission oven heat by ammoniated treatment, is then taken out crushing and is just obtained powdery phosphorus
Fertilizer, nitrate；It is raw that graininess can be obtained after above-mentioned all treated raw materials are uniformly mixed after granulating disc is granulated
Organic fertilizer.
It further illustrates, the desinsection medical fluid is prepared by following methods:
Step 1: the ethanol solution that 500-800ml mass fraction is 70-75% is added by after 100g Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis drying and crushing,
It is heated to carrying out alcohol extracting 20-40 minutes at 45-50 DEG C, filters to take filtrate, recycle ethanol solution to get Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis extracting solution is arrived；
Step 2: by the Siberian cocklebur herb of 100g, mortar is added and carries out grinding 3-8 minutes, be subsequently added into 450-550ml water into
Row decocts 30-40 minutes, is filtered using three layers of gauze, obtains Siberian cocklebur extracting solution；
It is crushed into powder step 3: 100g Dalmatian chrysanthemum aerial part is dried, 200-300ml mass fraction, which is added, is
The ethanol solution of 70-80% is heated to carrying out alcohol extracting 10-20 minutes at 30-32 DEG C, filters to take filtrate, recycles ethanol solution, i.e.,
Obtain Dalmatian chrysanthemum extracting solution；
Step 4: be watered after extracting solution that above-mentioned three step obtains is mixed be diluted to 100-200 times after can be obtained and kill
Worm medical fluid.
It further illustrates, the Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis extracting solution contains volatile oil and is not less than not less than 6.59mg/ml, phenolic substance
11.20mg/ml；
The Siberian cocklebur extracting solution contains strumaroside not less than 2.56mg/ml, and Siberian cocklebur glucoside is not less than 3.01mg/ml；
It is not less than 5.62mg/ml containing pyrethrin first in the Dalmatian chrysanthemum extracting solution, pyrethrin second is not less than
3.15mg/ml。
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. implantation methods of the invention first improve the survival rate of nursery since nursery, soil is carried out to planting site before transplanting
It after earth improves, and is when topsoil is added after applying base fertilizer to prevent from being colonized due to fertility mistake to the processing of planting pit before transplanting
Burn seedlings caused by surplus to improve field planting survival rate, and periodically carries out top dressing, battalion needed for meeting the growth of Rosa roxburghii Tratt to Rosa roxburghii Tratt
Support element, agriculture during field management, to the plant source for having used applicant voluntarily to study in the operation of sterilization and disinsection
The effect of each plant source can be played related can also learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses and widen the range of sterilization and disinsection, and then improved by medicine
The yield of Rosa roxburghii Tratt, and the residual rate of botanical pesticide is low, fruit of Grossularia burejensis Berger green, safety are good, to improve the product of Rosa roxburghii Tratt
Matter.In addition it is explicitly shown from test, it can also be significant using fertilizer applications+application fertilizer collective effect of the application charity
Raising fruit of Grossularia burejensis Berger yield and nutritional ingredient.
2. wherein carbon element content reaches containing the ratio nutriment for being suitble to Rosa roxburghii Tratt growth in the biological organic fertilizer of the application
To 20.32-22.15%, nitrogen amount reach 5.26-5.63%, potassium element amount reaches 4.15-4.55%, calcium constituent amount reaches
2.65-2.98%, P elements amount reach 4.12-5.20%, and the similarly processing of chicken manure is not only capable of providing carbon nitrogen source, and can be from
Root kills the presence of harmful bacteria, ensure that the safety of bio-fertilizer, a large amount of carbon source and inanimate matter, warp are contained in corn stover
Beneficial element can directly be utilized by crossing kiln burning, it is easier to which plant is directly absorbed and utilized, and oyster shell can discharge largely by calcining
Calcium ion, complicated in the phosphorus tailing by grinding fever of phosphorus tailing is at subassembly since interionic positive and negative key is different
Length is different, and due to the length and positive and negative difference between key after being heated, so that the constituent in phosphorus tailing activates, salt is being added
It is rapidly decomposed after acid, and can be improved the reuse factor of phosphorus tailing by suitable temperature and concentration of hydrochloric acid interaction,
The resolution ratio of phosphorus tailing, so that the purity is high and yield of the powdery phosphate fertilizer obtained after amination, drying, nitrate are high, it will be above-mentioned
Raw material can adapt to the required nutritional need of Rosa roxburghii Tratt late growth after mutually compounding, guarantee the growth of Rosa roxburghii Tratt, to increase production
Amount.
[specific embodiment]
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, below with reference to of the invention specific
Embodiment is described in detail.In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention.But
It is that the invention can be embodied in many other ways as described herein, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to originally
Similar improvement is done in the case where invention intension, therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Embodiment 1:
1. the preparation of biological organic fertilizer is by weight, 15 parts of chicken manures is taken to build heap, digs out a groove in hollow-cone in center
Cylinder, after 3 parts of Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract is spilt in the groove and outer surface of cone cylinder, high temperature is exposed to the sun after 1 day, is transferred to high temperature steaming
Vapour heats 30 minutes, then naturally cools to room temperature, crushing is then dried；Take 10 parts of broomcorn straw be put into cave dwelling into
Row kiln is burnt, and will can be stopped after stalk firing carbon ash；It takes 18 parts of oyster shells to be crushed, is added in calcining furnace and is forged at 800 DEG C
It burns 10 minutes；Quickly grinding fever is carried out after taking 10 parts of phosphorus tailings to crush, immediately followed by be added hydrogen ion content be 6 ×
10-4In the hydrochloric acid solution of mol/L, it is heated to carrying out reaction 1 hour at 28 DEG C, then carries out ammoniated treatment, it is then that feed liquid is complete
Porcelain dish is poured into portion, is melted into drying in power transmission oven heat, then takes out crushing and just obtains powdery phosphate fertilizer, nitrate；It will be above-mentioned all
Particular biological organic fertilizer can be obtained after being uniformly mixed in treated raw material after granulating disc is granulated.
2. desinsection medical fluid is prepared by following methods:
Step 1: the ethanol solution that 500ml mass fraction is 70% is added, is heated to by after 100g Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis drying and crushing
It is carried out alcohol extracting 20 minutes at 45 DEG C, filters to take filtrate, recycle ethanol solution to get Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis extracting solution is arrived；It is not low containing volatile oil
It is not less than 11.20mg/ml in 6.59mg/ml, phenolic substance；
Step 2: the Siberian cocklebur herb of 100g to be added mortar and carry out grinding 3 minutes, be subsequently added into 450ml water and decocted
It 30 minutes, is filtered using three layers of gauze, obtains Siberian cocklebur extracting solution；It is not less than 2.56mg/ml, Siberian cocklebur glucoside containing strumaroside
Not less than 3.01mg/ml；
It is crushed into powder step 3: 100g Dalmatian chrysanthemum aerial part is dried, it is 70% that 200ml mass fraction, which is added,
Ethanol solution is heated to carrying out alcohol extracting 10 minutes at 30 DEG C, filters to take filtrate, recycles ethanol solution and extracts to get to Dalmatian chrysanthemum
Liquid；It is not less than 5.62mg/ml containing pyrethrin first, pyrethrin second is not less than 3.15mg/ml；
Step 4: be watered after extracting solution that above-mentioned three step obtains is mixed be diluted to 100 times after insecticide can be obtained
Liquid.
3. a kind of cultural method for improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) it prepares seedling medium: seedling medium being laid in planting greenhouse after self-control seedling medium, seedling medium accumulation
At on thick 30 centimetres of soil being laid in greenhouse, then open compartment, be split into 2 meters of width of compartment face, between the face Mian Yuxiang of compartment away from
Leave the ditch equipped with 0.5 meter；
The seedling medium is prepared by following raw material: in parts by weight, 15 parts of corn stovers, 10 parts of tea
Set mushroom culture bacterium bag matrix, 10 parts of pond sludge, sand, 1 part of EM bacterium, 3 parts of chicken manures, 3 parts of Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extracts, 5 parts of Rhizoma soulieae vaginataes in 10 parts
Extract；
The seedling medium specific the preparation method is as follows:
S1, will gynostemma pentaphyllum herb it is dry after, accurately weigh 10g and the ethanol solution that the mass fraction of 50ml is 75% be added,
Heating water bath extraction is carried out after vibrating 10S, the temperature of water-bath is 70 DEG C, is extracted 30 minutes, and it is cold that stopping heating water bath extracting nature
But, it then continues to repeat previous heating water bath extraction 20 minutes, stops heating water bath and extract natural cooling, and and stop water
Ultrasound assisted extraction is carried out when bathing heating extraction immediately, the frequency of ultrasonic wave is 200 hertz；Then pass through the big of model D101
Macroporous adsorbent resin filtering, by mass concentration be 15% sodium hydroxide solution according to flow velocity be 1BV/h flow into resin rinse 3 points
Clock is then eluted using ethanol solution, elution flow rate 1.5BV/h, is eluted 5 minutes, is obtained fraction, fraction is depressurized dense
It retracts and receives ethyl alcohol, Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract then can be obtained after heat drying；It is not low containing saponin(e in the Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract
It is not less than 10.35mg/g in 18.55mg/g, flavones content；
S2, the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 70% is added in Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae herb after dry, refluxing extraction 60 minutes, is amounted to
Refluxing extraction 2 times, merging filtrate is filtered, pH value is then adjusted to 4, stirs after standing, filtering, filtrate is added into adjusting pH value
To 8, chloroform extraction is then carried out, chloroform layer is collected, recycles chloroform with Rotary Evaporators, drying is concentrated into the 1.51 of original volume
Times, Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract can be obtained；It is containing alkaloids in the Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract to be not less than 14.21mg/g；
S3, corn stalk powder is broken into 2 centimetres；
S4, after 1 hour being stood after the suitable water of agrocybe culture bacterium bag matrix addition, culture substrate is broken up；
S5, chicken manure is built into heap, digs out a groove in hollow-cone cylinder in center, after Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract is spilt in groove
With the outer surface of cone cylinder, high temperature was exposed to the sun after 1 day, is transferred to high-temperature steam and heats 30 minutes, then naturally cools to room temperature；
S6, by S3, S4, S5 treated raw material, mixed with pond sludge, middle sand, EM bacterium after build heap and ferment 35 days, fermented
Material；
S7, fermentation material and Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract are mixed evenly and seedling medium can be obtained；
(2) it plants: robust growth, the Rosa roxburghii Tratt peripheral branch of the lignifying of no disease and pests harm is cut into 20 centimetres, then use matter
The salt water that amount concentration is 10% is rinsed after impregnating 1 minute using clear water, is then placed in taking root liquid and is impregnated 10 minutes, by spacing in the rows 2
Slotting kind of the distance of rice, in compartment Middle face, and using cuttage seeding to discharge biological organic fertilizer at a circle 15cm in the center of circle, then sprinkles one
Sand in layer, pours root water to cuttage seeding in time；
(3) it interplants: starting to plant purple ginger between wing-rooms on either side of a one-story house in the First Year of Rosa roxburghii Tratt plantation, and at interval of 5 during plantation
The biological organic fertilizer of application in a month, 2 kilograms/plant；
(4) field management:
S1 watering: watering in time, keeping the moisture content of Rosa roxburghii Tratt planting site is 30%,
S2 fertilising: transplanting starts top dressing after 8 months, and fertilizer amount is 2 kilograms/plant；Annual May is 3,000 according to fertilizer amount afterwards
Gram/plant imposes；
S3 trims whole tree: the initial stage after transplanting, appoints the growth of Rosa roxburghii Tratt seedling, promotees fruit and simultaneously forms tree crown, Rosa roxburghii Tratt tree lower layer's branch with
Branches and leaves of dying of illness are extractd in time, make 50 centimetres on the ground of Rosa roxburghii Tratt shoot and leaf growth, are guaranteed air circulation, are suitably repaired to upper layer branch
Cut guarantee translucency；
S4 insect pest preventing and controlling: and apply desinsection medical fluid and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out to it, applying discharge rate is 2L/ mus；
(5) fruit harvesting: when Single Roxburgh Rose Fruit skin portion yellowing, fruit is picked immediately.
Embodiment 2:
1. the preparation of biological organic fertilizer is by weight, 17 parts of chicken manures is taken to build heap, digs out a groove in hollow-cone in center
Cylinder, after 4 parts of Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract is spilt in the groove and outer surface of cone cylinder, high temperature is exposed to the sun after 1.5 days, is transferred to high temperature
Steam heats 40 minutes, then naturally cools to room temperature, crushing is then dried；14 parts of broomcorn straw is taken to be put into cave dwelling
Kiln burning is carried out, will can be stopped after stalk firing carbon ash；It takes 22 parts of oyster shells to be crushed, is added in calcining furnace at 850 DEG C
Calcining 15 minutes；Quickly grinding fever is carried out after taking 15 parts of phosphorus tailings to crush, immediately followed by be added hydrogen ion content be 7 ×
10-4In the hydrochloric acid solution of mol/L, it is heated to carrying out reaction 1.2 hours at 28.5 DEG C, then carries out ammoniated treatment, it then will material
Liquid all pours into porcelain dish, is melted into drying in power transmission oven heat, then takes out crushing and just obtains powdery phosphate fertilizer, nitrate；It will be above-mentioned
Particular biological organic fertilizer can be obtained after being uniformly mixed in all treated raw materials after granulating disc is granulated.
2. desinsection medical fluid is prepared by following methods:
Step 1: the ethanol solution that 650ml mass fraction is 72% is added, is heated to by after 100g Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis drying and crushing
It is carried out alcohol extracting 30 minutes at 47 DEG C, filters to take filtrate, recycle ethanol solution to get Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis extracting solution is arrived；It is not low containing volatile oil
It is not less than 11.20mg/ml in 6.59mg/ml, phenolic substance；
Step 2: the Siberian cocklebur herb of 100g to be added mortar and carry out grinding 6 minutes, be subsequently added into 500ml water and decocted
It 35 minutes, is filtered using three layers of gauze, obtains Siberian cocklebur extracting solution；It is not less than 2.56mg/ml, Siberian cocklebur glucoside containing strumaroside
Not less than 3.01mg/ml；
It is crushed into powder step 3: 100g Dalmatian chrysanthemum aerial part is dried, it is 75% that 250ml mass fraction, which is added,
Ethanol solution is heated to carrying out alcohol extracting 15 minutes at 31 DEG C, filters to take filtrate, recycles ethanol solution and extracts to get to Dalmatian chrysanthemum
Liquid；It is not less than 5.62mg/ml containing pyrethrin first, pyrethrin second is not less than 3.15mg/ml；
Step 4: be watered after extracting solution that above-mentioned three step obtains is mixed be diluted to 150 times after insecticide can be obtained
Liquid.
3. a kind of cultural method for improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) it prepares seedling medium: seedling medium being laid in planting greenhouse after self-control seedling medium, seedling medium accumulation
At on thick 30 centimetres of soil being laid in greenhouse, compartment is then opened, is split into 2.1 meters of width of compartment face, between the face Mian Yuxiang of compartment
Distance offers 0.6 meter of ditch；
The seedling medium is prepared by following raw material: in parts by weight, 20 parts of corn stovers, 13 parts of tea
Set mushroom culture bacterium bag matrix, 13 parts of pond sludge, sand, 2 parts of EM bacterium, 6 parts of chicken manures, 4 parts of Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extracts, 6 parts of Rhizoma soulieae vaginataes in 15 parts
Extract；
The seedling medium specific the preparation method is as follows:
S1, will gynostemma pentaphyllum herb it is dry after, accurately weigh 10g and the ethanol solution that the mass fraction of 50ml is 77% be added,
Heating water bath extraction is carried out after vibrating 15S, the temperature of water-bath is 75 DEG C, is extracted 35 minutes, and it is cold that stopping heating water bath extracting nature
But, it then continues to repeat previous heating water bath extraction 25 minutes, stops heating water bath and extract natural cooling, and and stop water
Ultrasound assisted extraction is carried out when bathing heating extraction immediately, the frequency of ultrasonic wave is 250 hertz；Then pass through the big of model D101
Macroporous adsorbent resin filtering, by mass concentration be 20% sodium hydroxide solution according to flow velocity be 1.1BV/h flow into resin rinse 4 points
Clock is then eluted using ethanol solution, elution flow rate 1.7BV/h, is eluted 6 minutes, is obtained fraction, fraction is depressurized dense
It retracts and receives ethyl alcohol, Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract then can be obtained after heat drying；It is not low containing saponin(e in the Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract
It is not less than 10.35mg/g in 18.55mg/g, flavones content；
S2, the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 75% is added in Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae herb after dry, refluxing extraction 65 minutes, is amounted to
Refluxing extraction 2.5 times, merging filtrate is filtered, pH value is then adjusted to 4.5, stirs after standing, filtering, filtrate is added into adjusting
PH value then carries out chloroform extraction, collects chloroform layer, recycles chloroform with Rotary Evaporators, drying is concentrated into original volume to 8.5
1.51 times, Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract can be obtained；It is containing alkaloids in the Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract to be not less than 14.21mg/g；
S3, corn stalk powder is broken into 2.5 centimetres；
S4, after 1.5 hours being stood after the suitable water of agrocybe culture bacterium bag matrix addition, culture substrate is broken up；
S5, chicken manure is built into heap, digs out a groove in hollow-cone cylinder in center, after Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract is spilt in groove
With the outer surface of cone cylinder, high temperature was exposed to the sun after 1.5 days, is transferred to high-temperature steam and heats 40 minutes, then naturally cools to room temperature；
S6, by S3, S4, S5 treated raw material, mixed with pond sludge, middle sand, EM bacterium after build heap and ferment 40 days, fermented
Material；
S7, fermentation material and Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract are mixed evenly and seedling medium can be obtained；
(2) it plants: robust growth, the Rosa roxburghii Tratt peripheral branch of the lignifying of no disease and pests harm is cut into 23 centimetres, then use matter
The salt water that amount concentration is 13% is rinsed after impregnating 1 minute using clear water, is then placed in taking root liquid and is impregnated 15 minutes, by spacing in the rows
Slotting kind of 2.2 meters of distance, in compartment Middle face, and using cuttage seeding to discharge biological organic fertilizer at a circle 20cm in the center of circle, then sprinkles
Sand in one layer pours root water to cuttage seeding in time；
(3) it interplants: starting to plant purple ginger between wing-rooms on either side of a one-story house in the First Year of Rosa roxburghii Tratt plantation, and at interval of 5 during plantation
The biological organic fertilizer of application in a month, 2.5 kilograms/plant；
(4) field management:
S1 watering: watering in time, keeping the moisture content of Rosa roxburghii Tratt planting site is 35%,
S2 fertilising: transplanting starts top dressing after 9 months, and fertilizer amount is 2 kilograms/plant；Annual May is 3,000 according to fertilizer amount afterwards
Gram/plant imposes；
S3 trims whole tree: the initial stage after transplanting, appoints the growth of Rosa roxburghii Tratt seedling, promotees fruit and simultaneously forms tree crown, Rosa roxburghii Tratt tree lower layer's branch with
Branches and leaves of dying of illness are extractd in time, make 50 centimetres on the ground of Rosa roxburghii Tratt shoot and leaf growth, are guaranteed air circulation, are suitably repaired to upper layer branch
Cut guarantee translucency；
S4 insect pest preventing and controlling: and apply desinsection medical fluid and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out to it, applying discharge rate is 3L/ mus；
(5) fruit harvesting: when Single Roxburgh Rose Fruit skin portion yellowing, fruit is picked immediately.
Embodiment 3:
1. the preparation of biological organic fertilizer is by weight, 20 parts of chicken manures is taken to build heap, digs out a groove in hollow-cone in center
Cylinder, after 5 parts of Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract is spilt in the groove and outer surface of cone cylinder, high temperature is exposed to the sun after 2 days, is transferred to high temperature steaming
Vapour heats 50 minutes, then naturally cools to room temperature, crushing is then dried；Take 18 parts of broomcorn straw be put into cave dwelling into
Row kiln is burnt, and will can be stopped after stalk firing carbon ash；It takes 25 parts of oyster shells to be crushed, is added in calcining furnace and is forged at 900 DEG C
It burns 20 minutes；Quickly grinding fever is carried out after taking 20 parts of phosphorus tailings to crush, immediately followed by be added hydrogen ion content be 8 ×
10-4In the hydrochloric acid solution of mol/L, it is heated to carrying out reaction 1.5 hours at 29 DEG C, ammoniated treatment is then carried out, then by feed liquid
Porcelain dish all is poured into, is melted into drying in power transmission oven heat, crushing is then taken out and just obtains powdery phosphate fertilizer, nitrate；By above-mentioned institute
Particular biological organic fertilizer can be obtained after being uniformly mixed in the raw material that has that treated after granulating disc is granulated.
2. desinsection medical fluid is prepared by following methods:
Step 1: the ethanol solution that 800ml mass fraction is 75% is added, is heated to by after 100g Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis drying and crushing
It is carried out alcohol extracting 40 minutes at 50 DEG C, filters to take filtrate, recycle ethanol solution to get Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis extracting solution is arrived；It is not low containing volatile oil
It is not less than 11.20mg/ml in 6.59mg/ml, phenolic substance；
Step 2: the Siberian cocklebur herb of 100g to be added mortar and carry out grinding 8 minutes, be subsequently added into 550ml water and decocted
It 40 minutes, is filtered using three layers of gauze, obtains Siberian cocklebur extracting solution；It is not less than 2.56mg/ml, Siberian cocklebur glucoside containing strumaroside
Not less than 3.01mg/ml；
It is crushed into powder step 3: 100g Dalmatian chrysanthemum aerial part is dried, it is 80% that 300ml mass fraction, which is added,
Ethanol solution is heated to carrying out alcohol extracting 20 minutes at 32 DEG C, filters to take filtrate, recycles ethanol solution and extracts to get to Dalmatian chrysanthemum
Liquid；It is not less than 5.62mg/ml containing pyrethrin first, pyrethrin second is not less than 3.15mg/ml；
Step 4: be watered after extracting solution that above-mentioned three step obtains is mixed be diluted to 200 times after insecticide can be obtained
Liquid.
3. a kind of cultural method for improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) it prepares seedling medium: seedling medium being laid in planting greenhouse after self-control seedling medium, seedling medium accumulation
At on thick 30 centimetres of soil being laid in greenhouse, compartment is then opened, is split into 2.2 meters of width of compartment face, between the face Mian Yuxiang of compartment
Distance offers 0.8 meter of ditch；
The seedling medium is prepared by following raw material: in parts by weight, 25 parts of corn stovers, 15 parts of tea
Set mushroom culture bacterium bag matrix, 15 parts of pond sludge, sand, 3 parts of EM bacterium, 8 parts of chicken manures, 5 parts of Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extracts, 8 parts of Rhizoma soulieae vaginataes in 20 parts
Extract；
The seedling medium specific the preparation method is as follows:
S1, will gynostemma pentaphyllum herb it is dry after, accurately weigh 10g and the ethanol solution that the mass fraction of 50ml is 80% be added,
Heating water bath extraction is carried out after vibrating 20S, the temperature of water-bath is 80 DEG C, is extracted 40 minutes, and it is cold that stopping heating water bath extracting nature
But, it then continues to repeat previous heating water bath extraction 30 minutes, stops heating water bath and extract natural cooling, and and stop water
Ultrasound assisted extraction is carried out when bathing heating extraction immediately, the frequency of ultrasonic wave is 300 hertz；Then pass through the big of model D101
Macroporous adsorbent resin filtering, by mass concentration be 25% sodium hydroxide solution according to flow velocity be 1.2BV/h flow into resin rinse 5 points
Clock is then eluted using ethanol solution, elution flow rate 2.0BV/h, is eluted 8 minutes, is obtained fraction, fraction is depressurized dense
It retracts and receives ethyl alcohol, Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract then can be obtained after heat drying；It is not low containing saponin(e in the Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract
It is not less than 10.35mg/g in 18.55mg/g, flavones content；
S2, the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 80% is added in Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae herb after dry, refluxing extraction 70 minutes, is amounted to
Refluxing extraction 3 times, merging filtrate is filtered, pH value is then adjusted to 5, stirs after standing, filtering, filtrate is added into adjusting pH value
To 9, chloroform extraction is then carried out, chloroform layer is collected, recycles chloroform with Rotary Evaporators, drying is concentrated into the 1.51 of original volume
Times, Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract can be obtained；It is containing alkaloids in the Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract to be not less than 14.21mg/g；
S3, corn stalk powder is broken into 3 centimetres；
S4, after 2 hours being stood after the suitable water of agrocybe culture bacterium bag matrix addition, culture substrate is broken up；
S5, chicken manure is built into heap, digs out a groove in hollow-cone cylinder in center, after Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract is spilt in groove
With the outer surface of cone cylinder, high temperature was exposed to the sun after 2 days, is transferred to high-temperature steam and heats 50 minutes, then naturally cools to room temperature；
S6, by S3, S4, S5 treated raw material, mixed with pond sludge, middle sand, EM bacterium after build heap and ferment 45 days, fermented
Material；
S7, fermentation material and Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract are mixed evenly and seedling medium can be obtained；
(2) it plants: robust growth, the Rosa roxburghii Tratt peripheral branch of the lignifying of no disease and pests harm is cut into 25 centimetres, then use matter
The salt water that amount concentration is 15% is rinsed after impregnating 1 minute using clear water, is then placed in taking root liquid and is impregnated 20 minutes, by spacing in the rows
Slotting kind of 2.5 meters of distance, in compartment Middle face, and using cuttage seeding to discharge biological organic fertilizer at a circle 25cm in the center of circle, then sprinkles
Sand in one layer pours root water to cuttage seeding in time；
(3) it interplants: starting to plant purple ginger between wing-rooms on either side of a one-story house in the First Year of Rosa roxburghii Tratt plantation, and at interval of 5 during plantation
The biological organic fertilizer of application in a month, 3 kilograms/plant；
(4) field management:
S1 watering: watering in time, keeping the moisture content of Rosa roxburghii Tratt planting site is 40%,
S2 fertilising: transplanting starts top dressing after 10 months, and fertilizer amount is 2 kilograms/plant；Annual May is 3,000 according to fertilizer amount afterwards
Gram/plant imposes；
S3 trims whole tree: the initial stage after transplanting, appoints the growth of Rosa roxburghii Tratt seedling, promotees fruit and simultaneously forms tree crown, Rosa roxburghii Tratt tree lower layer's branch with
Branches and leaves of dying of illness are extractd in time, make 50 centimetres on the ground of Rosa roxburghii Tratt shoot and leaf growth, are guaranteed air circulation, are suitably repaired to upper layer branch
Cut guarantee translucency；
S4 insect pest preventing and controlling: and apply desinsection medical fluid and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out to it, applying discharge rate is 4L/ mus；
(5) fruit harvesting: when Single Roxburgh Rose Fruit skin portion yellowing, fruit is picked immediately.
Comparative example 1: processing scheme is substantially same as Example 1, and difference is in seedling medium without Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract.
Comparative example 2: processing scheme is substantially same as Example 1, and difference is that chicken manure does not carry out step in seedling medium
Chicken manure, Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract are added in step S6 and ferment by the processing of S5.
Comparative example 3: processing scheme is substantially same as Example 1, and difference is during step S5 chicken manure is handled in seedling medium
Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract is not added.
Comparative example 4: processing scheme is substantially same as Example 1, and difference is during step S5 chicken manure is handled in seedling medium
High temperature is not carried out to be exposed to the sun processing.
Comparative example 5: processing scheme is substantially same as Example 1, and difference is during step S5 chicken manure is handled in seedling medium
Do not carry out high-temperature steam heat treatment.
Verification test one:
Rosa roxburghii Tratt cuttage seeding similar in the seedling medium difference cuttage growing way that embodiment 1 and comparative example 1-5 are prepared, skewer
Slotting cuttage item is equal 20 centimetres long, each group 50 cuttage item of cuttage, while periodically watering holding seedling medium moisture content is
40%-45%, the nursery in the same greenhouse keep greenhouse temperature at 28-29 DEG C, and keep air in greenhouse during nursery
The case where circulation is observed during cuttage and seedling culture, emergence, and relative recording is carried out, specifically it see the table below
As seen from the above table, using the technical solution of the application, make it possible to better bacteriostasis, promote Rosa roxburghii Tratt cuttage
Cutting robust growth, and can be improved emergence rate, and some meeting quilts of the seedling medium cutting of sterilization processing are not carried out to chicken manure
Infection is dead to reduce survival rate, and the processing mode of chicken manure cooperates to have and preferably kill using the technical solution of the application
Bacterium effect, so that the harm bacterium of seedling medium band itself substantially reduces, to improve the survival rate of cutting.
Soil in seedling medium and the common nonirrigated farmland of acquisition in embodiment 1-3 is subjected to the parameter detecting such as following table:
| Classification | C/% | N/% | Organic matter/% | Inorganic total nutrient/% | Amino acid/mg/g | Total porosity/% |
| Embodiment 1 | 38.5 | 8.3 | 18.2 | 26.5 | 25.6 | 81.5 |
| Embodiment 2 | 37.6 | 8.6 | 19.8 | 28.5 | 32.5 | 83.2 |
| Embodiment 3 | 39.2 | 9.1 | 18.6 | 27.5 | 29.6 | 82.1 |
| Normal soil | 51.2 | 19.8 | 10.2 | 13.5 | 15.0 | 68.6 |
By two upper tables it is found that the nursery base of the application is found unlike the prior art after the applicant studies
Be the application preparation seedling medium rich in a large amount of beneficial microbe bacterium, greatly reduce the presence of harmful bacteria, chicken manure
In rich in there is a large amount of carbon, but can breed in the source of chicken manure has a large amount of harmful bacteria and worm, and the application is exposed to the sun
Temperature increases afterwards, and can be exposed to the sun using being in hollow-cone cylinder after accumulation to more areas by research discovery, can be quickly
Heating face temperature, the Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract on surface layer can act on heat and play better bactericidal effect, but sterilize
Penetration power is insufficient, discovery by high-temperature steam heat can not only high temperature further kill and endanger bacterium, Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract is with steaming
Vapour, which heats, can diffuse to the internal layer of hollow-cone cylinder, and with steam spread in chicken manure can be more uniform be distributed in thickness
It in the hollow-cone cylinder of degree, further kills that hollow-cone column is intracorporal endangers bacterium, ensure that seedling medium can play its battalion
It forms and point is conducive to growth of cuttage seedlings, without improving emergence rate, pond sludge because the growth of harmful bacteria influences the growth of cuttage seeding
Middle N-P-K content is high, and easy to raise plant causes burn seedlings, and viscosity is unfavorable for air-and water-permeable by force, and joined middle sand can improve
Fermentation material at being grouped as and ratio, fermentation material more venting and water permeable, with addition of being rich in a large amount of egg in agrocybe culture bacterium bag matrix
White matter, a variety of amino acid, a variety of mineral elements, can improve the component ratio in fermentation material, there is good ventilation water-holding capacity, warp
Crossing the seedling medium that compounding is prepared has the carbon-nitrogen ratio for being suitble to Rosa roxburghii Tratt growth, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of seedling medium is 4-5:1, and
The ratio of nutritional ingredient is organic matter 18.2%-19.8%, inorganic total nutrient 26.5%-28.5%, amino acid content 25.6-
32.5mg/g, total porosity 81.5-83.2%.
Test two:
For the effect for further illustrating desinsection medical fluid produced by the present invention, selects and killed the drive of hundred worms with the routine of market sale
Worm agent, which is watered after 200 times of dilution spray according to requirement, to be carried out field comparison test and obtains following data:
Control group 1: Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis extracting solution is not contained unlike the desinsection medical fluid composition in embodiment 2；
Control group 2: Siberian cocklebur extracting solution is not contained unlike the desinsection medical fluid composition in embodiment 2；
Control group 3: Dalmatian chrysanthemum extracting solution is not contained unlike the desinsection medical fluid composition in embodiment 2；
Experimental period: primary, second of sprinkling on May 20th, 2017 is sprayed on 2 20th, 2017 for the first time once
Test sapling: growing way identical 2 years raw Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit trees of selection, and hang with fruitlet and carry out arbitrarily being divided into 4 regions,
20, each region Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit tree, insecticidal effect record are as follows；
By above-mentioned test it is found that the effect of the plant insecticide of the application with to kill hundred worm pest repellant difference little,
Illustrate the pesticide-germicide for having achieved the effect that chemical pesticide, and what is taken in the desinsection medical fluid of the application is that plant source preparation comes
Source safe without toxic side effect, the residual rate after spraying is low, the wide variety of pest, a kind of extract of single use, ineffective,
Having not less than 11.20mg/ml to a variety of bacterium containing volatile oil not less than 6.59mg/ml, phenolic substance in Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis extracting solution
Inhibiting effect, but fungistatic effect is not lasting, and cannot inhibit a variety of growths for endangering bacterium simultaneously, attends to one thing and lose sight of another, worries about personal loss,
Contain anthraglycosides substance in Siberian cocklebur extracting solution, and finds that strumaroside is not less than 2.56mg/ml, Siberian cocklebur glucoside in Siberian cocklebur extracting solution
Content insecticidal effect not less than 3.01mg/ml is best, and under the conditions of find existing for the Siberian cocklebur extracting solution, Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis extracting solution
Bactericidal effect is more preferable；Dalmatian chrysanthemum extracting solution has the effect of sterilization and desinsection, and discovery contains Dalmatian chrysanthemum in Dalmatian chrysanthemum extracting solution
Plain first is not less than 5.62mg/ml, and pyrethrin second is best not less than desinsection, the bactericidal effect of 3.15mg/ml, and mentions with Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis
Liquid, Siberian cocklebur extracting solution synergistic effect is taken to have the effect of better desinsection, sterilization and extend sterilization and disinsection width (from control
Compared with Example 2, the pest and disease damage of embodiment 2 group 1-3 does not occur, and multiple diseases occurs in 1-3 compared to the control group).
By September in 2017 pick within 5th the Rosa roxburghii Tratt of each embodiment with machine respectively choose 10 fruits of each embodiment into
Row detection total reducing sugar, total acid, vitamin C, moisture, tannin, soluble solid, crude protein content, referring to national standard method
It is detected, the hardness of fruit is measured using instrumental test, single fruit weight using assay balance, and fruit diameter is surveyed using vernier caliper
Amount, testing result are as follows:
As seen from the above table, it increased in the ratio using the rosa roxburghii nutrition ingredient of the plantation of the application, and fruit
Hardness also promoted, and single fruit weight is also promoted, and fruit diameter also increases.
The yield of the purple ginger of interplanting is 2543.25 kgs/acre；By interplanting can not only be sufficient utilize soil space,
And by interplanting purple ginger, the fragrance that purple ginger distributes has expulsion effect to pest, to protect Rosa roxburghii Tratt trunk, reduces pest and disease damage
Incidence.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitation of the scope of the invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection model of the invention
It encloses.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of cultural method for improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality, which is characterized in that specific step is as follows:
(1) it prepares seedling medium: seedling medium being laid in planting greenhouse after self-control seedling medium, seedling medium is piled into thickness
On 30 centimetres of soil being laid in greenhouse, then open compartment, be split into 2-2.2 meters of width of compartment face, between the face Mian Yuxiang of compartment away from
Leave the ditch equipped with 0.5-0.8 meters；
The seedling medium is prepared by following raw material: in parts by weight, 15-25 parts of corn stovers, 10-15 parts
Agrocybe culture bacterium bag matrix, 10-15 parts of pond sludge, sand, 1-3 parts of EM bacterium, 3-8 parts of chicken manures, 3-5 portions of gynostemma pentaphylla mention in 10-20 parts
Take object, 5-8 parts of Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extracts；
(2) it plants: robust growth, the Rosa roxburghii Tratt peripheral branch of the lignifying of no disease and pests harm is cut into 20-25 centimetres, then use quality
The salt water that concentration is 10-15% is rinsed after impregnating 1 minute using clear water, is then placed in taking root liquid and is impregnated 10-20 minutes, by strain
Slotting kind of distance away from 2-2.5 meters is enclosed release biological organic fertilizer at 15-25cm in compartment Middle face, and using cuttage seeding as the one of the center of circle,
Then sand in one layer is sprinkled, pours root water in time to cuttage seeding；
(3) it interplants: starting to plant purple ginger between wing-rooms on either side of a one-story house in the First Year of Rosa roxburghii Tratt plantation, and at interval of 5 months during plantation
Apply a biological organic fertilizer, 2-3 kilograms/plant；
(4) field management:
S1 watering: watering in time, keeping the moisture content of Rosa roxburghii Tratt planting site is 30-40%,
S2 fertilising: transplanting starts top dressing after 8-10 months, and fertilizer amount is 2 kilograms/plant；Annual May is 3,000 according to fertilizer amount afterwards
Gram/plant imposes；
S3 trims whole tree: the initial stage after transplanting, appoints the growth of Rosa roxburghii Tratt seedling, promotees fruit and simultaneously forms tree crown, Rosa roxburghii Tratt tree lower layer's branch with die of illness
Branches and leaves are extractd in time, make 50 centimetres on the ground of Rosa roxburghii Tratt shoot and leaf growth, guarantee air circulation, are carried out appropriate trimming to upper layer branch and are protected
Demonstrate,prove translucency；
S4 insect pest preventing and controlling: and apply desinsection medical fluid and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out to it, applying discharge rate is 2-4L/ mus；
(5) fruit harvesting: when Single Roxburgh Rose Fruit skin portion yellowing, fruit is picked immediately.
2. a kind of cultural method for improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the gynostemma pentaphylla is extracted
Object concrete operation method is: after gynostemma pentaphyllum herb drying, accurately weighing 10g and the mass fraction of 50ml is added is 75-80%'s
Ethanol solution carries out heating water bath extraction after vibrating 10-20S, and the temperature of water-bath is 70-80 DEG C, extracts 30-40 minutes, stops
Heating water bath extracts natural cooling, then continues to repeat previous heating water bath extraction 20-30 minutes, stops heating water bath and mention
Take natural cooling, and and stop carrying out ultrasound assisted extraction when heating water bath extracts immediately, the frequency of ultrasonic wave is 200-300 conspicuous
Hereby；Then filtered by the macroporous absorbent resin of model D101, by sodium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 15-25% according to
Flow velocity is that 1-1.2BV/h flows into resin flushing 3-5 minutes, is then eluted using ethanol solution, elution flow rate 1.5-
2.0BV/h elutes 5-8 minutes, obtains fraction, and recycling ethyl alcohol is concentrated under reduced pressure in fraction, strand then can be obtained after heat drying
The blue extract of stock；It is not less than 10.35mg/g not less than 18.55mg/g, flavones content containing saponin(e in the Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract.
3. a kind of cultural method for improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extracts
The concrete operations of object are: the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 70-80%, refluxing extraction 60- is added in Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae herb after dry
70 minutes, amount to refluxing extraction 2-3 times, filter merging filtrate, then adjusts pH value to 4-5, stir after standing, filtering, will filter
Liquid, which adds, adjusts pH value to 8-9, then carries out chloroform extraction, collects chloroform layer, recycles chloroform with Rotary Evaporators, drying is dense
1.51 times of original volume are reduced to, Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract can be obtained；It is containing alkaloids in the Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract to be not less than
14.21mg/g。
4. a kind of cultural method for improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the seedling medium
It is specific the preparation method is as follows:
S1, corn stalk powder is broken into 2-3 centimetres；
S2, after 1-2 hours being stood after the suitable water of agrocybe culture bacterium bag matrix addition, culture substrate is broken up；
S3, chicken manure is built into heap, digs out a groove in hollow-cone cylinder in center, after Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract is spilt in groove and boring
The outer surface of cylinder, high temperature were exposed to the sun after 1-2 days, were transferred to high-temperature steam and heated 30-50 minutes, then naturally cool to room temperature；
S4, by S1, S2, S3 treated raw material, mixed with pond sludge, middle sand, EM bacterium after build heap and ferment 35-45 days, fermented
Material；
S5, fermentation material and Rhizoma soulieae vaginatae extract are mixed evenly and seedling medium can be obtained.
5. a kind of cultural method for improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the biological organic fertilizer
It is prepared by following methods:
By weight, take 15-20 parts of chicken manures to build heap, dig out a groove in hollow-cone cylinder in center, after by 3-5 parts of strand
Blue extract is spilt in being exposed to the sun after 1-2 days in groove with the outer surface of cone cylinder, high temperature, is transferred to high-temperature steam and is heated 30-50 minutes,
Then room temperature is naturally cooled to, crushing is then dried；10-18 parts of broomcorn straw is taken to be put into progress kiln burning in cave dwelling, it will
It can stop after stalk firing carbon ash；It takes 18-25 parts of oyster shells to be crushed, is added in calcining furnace and is calcined at 800-900 DEG C
10-20 minutes；Quickly grinding fever is carried out after taking 10-20 parts of phosphorus tailings to crush, and is 6 immediately followed by hydrogen ion content is added
×10-4-8×10-4In the hydrochloric acid solution of mol/L, it is heated to carrying out reaction 1-1.5 hours at 28-29 DEG C, then carries out ammonification
Processing, feed liquid is all then poured into porcelain dish, is melted into drying in power transmission oven heat, then take out crushing just obtain powdery phosphate fertilizer,
Nitrate；Particular biological, which can be obtained, after granulating disc is granulated after above-mentioned all treated raw materials are uniformly mixed has
Machine fertilizer.
6. a kind of cultural method for improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the desinsection medical fluid is
It is prepared by following methods:
Step 1: the ethanol solution that 500-800ml mass fraction is 70-75%, heating is added by after 100g Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis drying and crushing
It is carried out alcohol extracting 20-40 minutes to 45-50 DEG C, filters to take filtrate, recycle ethanol solution to get Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis extracting solution is arrived；
Step 2: by the Siberian cocklebur herb of 100g, mortar is added and carries out grinding 3-8 minutes, be subsequently added into 450-550ml water carry out it is pan-fried
It boils 30-40 minutes, is filtered using three layers of gauze, obtains Siberian cocklebur extracting solution；
It is crushed into powder step 3: 100g Dalmatian chrysanthemum aerial part is dried, addition 200-300ml mass fraction is 70-
80% ethanol solution is heated to carrying out alcohol extracting 10-20 minutes at 30-32 DEG C, filters to take filtrate, recycle ethanol solution to get
To Dalmatian chrysanthemum extracting solution；
Step 4: be watered after extracting solution that above-mentioned three step obtains is mixed be diluted to 100-200 times after insecticide can be obtained
Liquid.
7. a kind of cultural method for improving Rosa roxburghii Tratt quality according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
The Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis extracting solution contains volatile oil not less than 6.59mg/ml, phenolic substance not less than 11.20mg/ml；
The Siberian cocklebur extracting solution contains strumaroside not less than 2.56mg/ml, and Siberian cocklebur glucoside is not less than 3.01mg/ml；
It is not less than 5.62mg/ml containing pyrethrin first in the Dalmatian chrysanthemum extracting solution, pyrethrin second is not less than 3.15mg/
ml。
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