CN111279976A - Velvet antler mushroom culture medium and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Velvet antler mushroom culture medium and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111279976A CN111279976A CN202010288036.XA CN202010288036A CN111279976A CN 111279976 A CN111279976 A CN 111279976A CN 202010288036 A CN202010288036 A CN 202010288036A CN 111279976 A CN111279976 A CN 111279976A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a velvet antler mushroom culture medium and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the raw materials of the culture medium comprise, by weight, 8% -11% of cottonseed hulls, 24% -26% of corncobs, 13% -16% of wheat bran, 1% -3% of soybean meal, 1% -3% of soybean hulls, 3% -5% of corn flour and 40% -45% of fine wood chips. The cultivation medium can obviously improve the yield of the velvet antler mushroom, has high production efficiency and high yield, can improve the yield of the velvet antler mushroom and obviously improves the economic benefit of enterprises.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, and particularly relates to a velvet antler mushroom culture medium and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The velvet antler mushroom belongs to the family of Tricholomataceae and the genus Tricholoma, and is a wood-rotting rare edible fungus. It has good taste and is widely distributed in soil around a park, a house, a field, etc. in a northern hemisphere temperate region, and contains low molecular weight polysaccharides constituting dietary fibers.
The defects of easy pollution, low yield, low production efficiency, high energy consumption and the like in the existing velvet antler mushroom production at different degrees obviously reduce the economic benefit of enterprises and can not reflect the maximum benefit of the velvet antler mushroom; these problems have become important links restricting the development of velvet antler mushroom.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a velvet antler mushroom culture medium and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems that the existing velvet antler mushroom production has the defects of easy pollution, low yield, low production efficiency, high energy consumption and the like at different degrees, obviously reduces the economic benefit of enterprises and cannot reflect the maximum benefit of the velvet antler mushroom.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a technical scheme that: according to the percentage content of dry materials, the raw materials of the culture medium comprise 8-11% of cottonseed hulls, 24-26% of corncobs, 13-16% of wheat husks, 1-3% of soybean meal, 1-3% of soybean husks, 3-5% of corn flour and 40-45% of fine wood chips.
As a further scheme of the invention: the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the culture medium is 42-46: 1.
as a further scheme of the invention: the stirring water amount of the culture medium is 64-69% of the total amount of the raw materials.
A preparation method of a velvet antler mushroom culture medium comprises the following specific preparation steps:
(1) cleaning, exposing to the sun and drying cottonseed hulls, corncobs, wheat hulls, soybean hulls, corn flour and fine wood chips which are taken as culture medium raw materials, wherein the water content of the fine wood chips is 50%, and the water content of the rest raw materials is 10% -16%;
(2) respectively crushing the raw materials after being exposed and dried by the sun by using a crusher, and uniformly stirring the powder of each raw material in a dry state;
(3) spraying water on the uniformly stirred raw material mixture;
(4) adding lime and light calcium as auxiliary materials in the step (3), spraying water again, stirring to form a wet material mixture, stacking the wet material mixture into a double-layer composite shape, wherein the outer layer is in a regular hexagonal conical tube shape, and the inner layer is in a conical tube shape, so that a ventilation space is formed between the outer layer and the inner layer; finally, sealing the cover and performing natural fermentation to form a culture medium;
(5) placing the culture medium into a polypropylene plastic bag, and sterilizing at normal pressure.
As a further scheme of the invention: the pH value of the stirring in the step (2) is 7.8-8.5.
As a further scheme of the invention: the heights of the regular hexagon taper pipe and the cone pipe in the step (4) are consistent.
As a further scheme of the invention: the diameter of the inscribed circle of the regular hexagon of each cross section of the regular hexagon conical tube is larger than that of the conical tube.
As a further scheme of the invention: the height in the polypropylene plastic bag was 19 cm.
As a further scheme of the invention: the sterilization temperature in the step (5) is 121 ℃, and the sterilization time is 120 min.
An application of the culture medium for pilose antler mushroom includes inoculating the fungus seeds, putting the plastic polypropylene bags in dark culture room, culturing at 24-25 deg.C and 60-70% humidity for 24-26 days, and culturing until the hypha is full.
Compared with the existing culture medium and the preparation method, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a velvet antler mushroom culture medium and a preparation method thereof.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
The formula of the velvet antler mushroom culture medium comprises the following raw materials of 8% of cottonseed hulls, 26% of corncobs, 13% of wheat bran, 3% of soybean meal, 1% of soybean hulls, 5% of corn flour and 40% of fine wood flour by weight percentage of dry materials; wherein the stirring water amount of the culture medium is 64% of the total amount of the raw materials.
The preparation method of the velvet antler mushroom culture medium in the above embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning, exposing to the sun and drying the cottonseed hulls, the corncobs, the wheat hulls, the soybean meals, the soybean hulls, the corn flour and the fine wood chips which are taken as the culture medium raw materials, wherein the water content of the fine wood chips is 50 percent, and the water content of the rest raw materials is 10 percent;
(2) respectively crushing the raw materials after being exposed and dried by the sun by using a crusher, and uniformly stirring the powder of each raw material in a dry state; and controlling the pH value of the stirring to be 7.8;
(3) spraying water on the uniformly stirred raw material mixture;
(4) adding lime and light calcium as auxiliary materials in the step (3), spraying water again, stirring to form a wet material mixture, stacking the wet material mixture into a double-layer composite shape, wherein the outer layer is in a regular hexagonal conical tube shape, and the inner layer is in a conical tube shape, so that a ventilation space is formed between the outer layer and the inner layer; finally, sealing the cover and performing natural fermentation to form a culture medium; wherein the heights of the regular hexagon taper pipe shape and the taper pipe shape are consistent; the diameter of a regular hexagon inscribed circle of each cross section of the regular hexagon conical tube is larger than that of the conical tube; the fermentation speed and the fermentation speed can be effectively regulated and controlled, and the regulation and control of nutrient components of the culture medium are realized;
(5) placing the culture medium into a polypropylene plastic bag, and sterilizing at normal pressure. Wherein the sterilization temperature is 121 deg.C, and the sterilization time is 120 min.
When the culture medium is used for culturing the velvet antler mushroom, after the strains are inoculated, the polypropylene plastic bags are arranged in a dark mushroom culture room, the temperature is controlled at 24 ℃, the humidity is controlled at 60%, and after 24 days of culture, the fruiting management is carried out after the hyphae overgrow.
Example 2
According to the percentage content of dry materials, the raw materials of the culture medium comprise 8.5 percent of cottonseed hulls, 25 percent of corncobs, 13.5 percent of wheat hulls, 12 percent of soybean meal, 12 percent of soybean hulls, 4 percent of corn flour and 42.5 percent of fine wood chips. Wherein the stirring water amount of the culture medium is 66% of the total amount of the raw materials.
The preparation method of the velvet antler mushroom culture medium in the above embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning, exposing to the sun and drying the cottonseed hulls, the corncobs, the wheat hulls, the soybean meals, the soybean hulls, the corn flour and the fine wood chips which are taken as the culture medium raw materials, wherein the water content of the fine wood chips is 50 percent, and the water content of the rest raw materials is 13.5 percent;
(2) respectively crushing the raw materials after being exposed and dried by the sun by using a crusher, and uniformly stirring the powder of each raw material in a dry state; and controlling the pH value of the stirring to be 8.1;
(3) spraying water on the uniformly stirred raw material mixture;
(4) adding lime and light calcium as auxiliary materials in the step (3), spraying water again, stirring to form a wet material mixture, stacking the wet material mixture into a double-layer composite shape, wherein the outer layer is in a regular hexagonal conical tube shape, and the inner layer is in a conical tube shape, so that a ventilation space is formed between the outer layer and the inner layer; finally, sealing the cover and performing natural fermentation to form a culture medium; the height of the regular hexagon taper pipe is consistent with that of the conical pipe, and the diameter of a regular hexagon inscribed circle of each cross section of the regular hexagon taper pipe is larger than that of the conical pipe; the fermentation speed and the fermentation speed can be effectively regulated and controlled, and the regulation and control of nutrient components of the culture medium are realized;
(5) placing the culture medium into a polypropylene plastic bag, and sterilizing at normal pressure. Wherein the sterilization temperature is 121 deg.C, and the sterilization time is 120 min.
When the culture medium is used for culturing the velvet antler mushroom, after the strains are inoculated, the polypropylene plastic bags are arranged in a dark mushroom culture room, the temperature is controlled at 24.5 ℃, the humidity is controlled at 65%, and after 25 days of culture, the fruiting management is carried out after the hyphae overgrow.
Example 3
The raw materials of the culture medium comprise 11 percent of cottonseed hulls, 24 percent of corncobs, 16 percent of wheat hulls, 1 percent of soybean meal, 1 percent of soybean hulls, 5 percent of corn flour and 45 percent of fine wood chips according to the percentage content of dry materials. The stirring water amount of the culture medium is 9% of the total amount of the raw materials.
The preparation method of the velvet antler mushroom culture medium in the above embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning, exposing to the sun and drying the cottonseed hulls, the corncobs, the wheat hulls, the soybean meals, the soybean hulls, the corn flour and the fine wood chips which are taken as the culture medium raw materials, wherein the water content of the fine wood chips is 50 percent, and the water content of the rest raw materials is 16 percent;
(2) respectively crushing the raw materials after being exposed and dried by the sun by using a crusher, and uniformly stirring the powder of each raw material in a dry state; and controlling the pH value of the stirring to be 8.5;
(3) spraying water on the uniformly stirred raw material mixture;
(4) adding lime and light calcium as auxiliary materials in the step (3), spraying water again, stirring to form a wet material mixture, stacking the wet material mixture into a double-layer composite shape, wherein the outer layer is in a regular hexagonal conical tube shape, and the inner layer is in a conical tube shape, so that a ventilation space is formed between the outer layer and the inner layer; finally, sealing the cover and performing natural fermentation to form a culture medium; wherein the heights of the regular hexagon taper pipe shape and the taper pipe shape are consistent; the diameter of a regular hexagon inscribed circle of each cross section of the regular hexagon conical tube is larger than that of the conical tube; the fermentation speed and the fermentation speed can be effectively regulated and controlled, and the regulation and control of nutrient components of the culture medium are realized;
(5) placing the culture medium into a polypropylene plastic bag, and sterilizing at normal pressure. Wherein the sterilization temperature is 121 deg.C, and the sterilization time is 120 min.
When the culture medium is used for culturing the velvet antler mushroom, after the strains are inoculated, the polypropylene plastic bags are arranged in a dark mushroom culture room, the temperature is controlled at 25 ℃, the humidity is controlled at 70%, and after the cultivation for 26 days, the fruiting management is carried out after the hyphae overgrow.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method comprises the following steps of performing ingredient comparison by adopting a conventional matrix, wherein 50 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of rice bran, 8 parts of bran, 15 parts of cottonseed hull, 2 parts of lime, 13 parts of nutrient soil and 90 parts of water are added;
comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 2 in that: the wet mix was not stacked into a two-layer composite shape.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 2 in that: the wet mix was not stacked into a two-layer composite shape.
The cultivation substrates of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 are respectively used for cultivating the velvet antler mushroom, and the cultivation conditions are as follows: the temperature is controlled at 25 ℃ and the humidity is controlled at 65%, and the output of the velvet antler mushrooms cultured by the concentrated matrix is compared, and is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Examples | Yield per bag of velvet antler mushroom (g) |
Example 1 | 417.64 |
Example 2 | 425.25 |
Example 3 | 411.46 |
Comparative example 1 | 325.52 |
Comparative example 2 | 360.42 |
Comparative example 3 | 339.22 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the cultivation medium provided by the invention can obviously improve the yield of the velvet antler mushroom, is high in production efficiency, is high in yield, can improve the yield of the velvet antler mushroom, and can obviously improve the economic benefits of enterprises.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The present invention is not to be limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and other embodiments that fall within the scope of the claims of the present application are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The velvet antler mushroom culture medium is characterized by comprising, by weight, 8% -11% of cottonseed hulls, 24% -26% of corncobs, 13% -16% of wheat hulls, 1% -3% of soybean meal, 1% -3% of soybean hulls, 3% -5% of corn flour and 40% -45% of fine wood chips.
2. The velvet antler mushroom culture medium according to claim 1, wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the culture medium is 42-46: 1.
3. the velvet antler mushroom culture medium according to claim 1, wherein the amount of stirring water in the culture medium is 64% to 69% of the total amount of raw materials.
4. The preparation method of the velvet antler mushroom culture medium according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:
(1) cleaning, exposing to the sun and drying cottonseed hulls, corncobs, wheat hulls, soybean hulls, corn flour and fine wood chips which are taken as culture medium raw materials, wherein the water content of the fine wood chips is 50%, and the water content of the rest raw materials is 10% -16%;
(2) respectively crushing the raw materials after being exposed and dried by the sun by using a crusher, and uniformly stirring the powder of each raw material in a dry state;
(3) spraying water on the uniformly stirred raw material mixture;
(4) adding lime and light calcium as auxiliary materials in the step (3), spraying water again, stirring to form a wet material mixture, stacking the wet material mixture into a double-layer composite shape, wherein the outer layer is in a regular hexagonal conical tube shape, and the inner layer is in a conical tube shape, so that a ventilation space is formed between the outer layer and the inner layer; finally, sealing the cover and performing natural fermentation to form a culture medium;
(5) placing the culture medium into a polypropylene plastic bag, and sterilizing at normal pressure.
5. The method for preparing the velvet antler mushroom culture medium according to claim 4, wherein the pH value of the stirring in the step (2) is 7.8-8.5.
6. The method for preparing velvet antler mushroom culture medium according to claim 4, wherein the height of the regular hexagonal conical tube and the height of the conical tube in step (4) are the same.
7. The method for preparing velvet antler mushroom culture medium according to claim 6, wherein the diameter of the inscribed circle of each cross section of the regular hexagonal conical tube is larger than that of the conical tube.
8. The method for preparing velvet antler mushroom culture medium according to claim 4, wherein the height of the polypropylene plastic bag is 19 cm.
9. The preparation method of the velvet antler mushroom culture medium according to claim 4, wherein the sterilization temperature in the step (5) is 121 ℃, and the sterilization time is 120 min.
10. The application of the velvet antler mushroom culture medium according to claim 4, characterized in that after inoculation of strains, the polypropylene plastic bags are arranged in a dark mushroom cultivating room, the temperature is controlled at 24-25 ℃, the humidity is controlled at 60-70%, and after 24-26 days of cultivation, mushroom production management is performed after hyphae overgrow.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111771616A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-10-16 | 湖南和平生物科技有限公司 | Industrialized cultivation method of velvet antler mushroom |
CN112125732A (en) * | 2020-09-19 | 2020-12-25 | 江苏丰收菇业有限公司 | Velvet antler mushroom liquid stock culture solution and velvet antler mushroom stock preparation process |
CN113711840A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-30 | 江苏江南生物科技有限公司 | Intensive and large-scale cultivation method for velvet antler mushroom |
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CN108040750A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-18 | 成都易思科科技有限公司 | A kind of pilose antler mushroom culture medium formula and production method |
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CN111771616A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-10-16 | 湖南和平生物科技有限公司 | Industrialized cultivation method of velvet antler mushroom |
CN112125732A (en) * | 2020-09-19 | 2020-12-25 | 江苏丰收菇业有限公司 | Velvet antler mushroom liquid stock culture solution and velvet antler mushroom stock preparation process |
CN113711840A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-30 | 江苏江南生物科技有限公司 | Intensive and large-scale cultivation method for velvet antler mushroom |
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