CN1955159B - 用于阻断5-羟色胺以及去甲基肾上腺素再摄取的化合物,其制备方法及其用途 - Google Patents
用于阻断5-羟色胺以及去甲基肾上腺素再摄取的化合物,其制备方法及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1955159B CN1955159B CN2006100733084A CN200610073308A CN1955159B CN 1955159 B CN1955159 B CN 1955159B CN 2006100733084 A CN2006100733084 A CN 2006100733084A CN 200610073308 A CN200610073308 A CN 200610073308A CN 1955159 B CN1955159 B CN 1955159B
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- ethyl
- compound
- dimethylamino
- phenyl
- hydroxycyclohexyl
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- SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N (-)-norepinephrine Chemical compound NC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
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Abstract
本发明公开了式(I)化合物,其光学异构体或其药用盐,其制备以及其用途。其中R1,R2,R3,和R4定义见说明书。此类化合物可以是旋光异构体也可以是消旋混合物。此类化合物经摄入后可以在体内代谢转化为具有神经药理活性,通过阻断5-羟色胺(5-HT)以及去甲肾上腺素(NA)的再摄取,可治疗中枢神经系统疾病如抑郁症等的1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及式(I)化合物及其盐,其制备方法,含有它们的药物组合物以及其用于阻断5-羟色胺(5-HT)和去甲肾上腺素(NA)的再摄取,治疗或辅助治疗中枢神经系统疾病如抑郁症等中的用途。
背景技术
根据报导,文拉法辛[式(II)][1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-乙基]环己醇]是5-羟色胺(5-HT)和去甲肾上腺素(NA)的再摄取的阻断剂,被广泛用于治疗抑郁症等疾病。进一步讲,化合物(II)经摄入后经肝脏代谢大部分为强活性代谢物(III)[1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇]以及较弱活性代谢物(IV)[1-[2-甲基胺基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-乙基]环己醇]与(V)[1-[2-甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇],化合物(II)与(III)起相同治疗作用(见:US 4535186,US 20040176468,US 20040147601,US20030191347,Wyeth Effexor descr ipt ion)。
相对于摄入化合物(II),直接摄入化合物(III)治疗有关中枢神经系统疾病特别是抑郁症等疾病具有单一化合物原则的优势,有利于更好地调整剂量与疗效,降低副作用,降低与其他药物相互作用的风险(见US 6673838)。但是,更多的羟基导致化合物(III)的亲水性增加,从而降低了其经口服或透皮的吸收率,并导致可能的未吸收药物的系统前(Pre-system)副作用的增加。为了克服以上有关化合物(III)的缺陷,一系列物作为化合物(III)的预药物或前体药物被摄入体内后经代谢被还原成化合物(III)而起治疗作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是开发新的化合物,其用于作为5-羟色胺(5-HT)和去甲肾上腺素(NA)的再摄取的阻断剂的前药物或预药物,特别是用于治疗抑郁症等疾病。发明人由此得到的下面式(I)化合物具有单一化合物原则的优势,有利于更好地调整剂量与疗效,降低副作用,降低与其他药物相互作用的风险,增加生物利用度,降低可能的未吸收药物的系统前(Pre-system)副作用。
本发明涉及式(I)表示的化合物,其光学异构或其药用盐,其是用来作为5-羟色胺(5-HT)和去甲肾上腺素(NA)的再摄取的阻断剂的前药物或预药物,特别是用于治疗抑郁症等疾病,
其中,
手性中心(*)可以是R或S或RS(外消旋混合物);
R1为含一个至二十个碳原子的饱和烷酰基或含二个至二十个碳原子的不饱和烷酰基,优选甲酰基,乙酰基,丙酰基,丁酰基,异丁酰基以及饱和与不饱和脂肪酰基;或含七至二十个碳原子的芳香酰基,优选含一个至十个碳原子的取代基的苯甲酰基或非取代苯甲酰基;或含四个至十个碳原子的环烷酰基,或含一个至十个碳原子的羟烷酰基或碳水化合物以及含氧,氮以及氟,硫,磷等其他杂原子的含一个至十个碳原子的有机酰基等;或以下基团:
其中R5,R6和R7分别独立是氢,含一个至十个碳原子的饱和烷基或含二个至二十个碳原子的非饱和烷基,或含七至二十个碳原子的芳香基如含一个至十个碳原子的取代基的苯基或苯甲基或非取代苯基或苯甲基等;
R2是氢,或含一个至二十个碳原子的饱和烷基或或含二个至二十个碳原子的不饱和烷基,或含六至二十个碳原子的芳香基,或含四个至十个碳原子的环烷基,或含一个至十个碳原子的羟烷基或碳水化合物取代基,或为含一个至二十个碳原子的饱和烷酰基或含二个至二十个碳原子的不饱和烷酰基,优选甲酰基,乙酰基,丙酰基,丁酰基,异丁酰基以及饱和与不饱和脂肪酰基;或含七至二十个碳原子的芳香酰基,优选含一个至十个碳原子的取代基的苯甲酰基或非取代苯甲酰基;或含四个至十个碳原子的环烷酰基,或含一个至十个碳原子的羟烷酰基以及含氧,氮以及氟,硫,磷等其他杂原子的含一个至十个碳原子的有机酰基等;或以下基团:
其中R5,R6和R7分别独立是氢,含一个至二十个碳原子的饱和烷基或含二个至二十个碳原子的非饱和烷基,含六至二十个碳原子的芳香基如含一个至十个碳原子的取代基的苯基或苯甲基或非取代苯基或苯甲基等;
R3和R4分别独立是氢,含一个至二十个个碳原子的饱和烷基或含二个至二十个碳原子的不饱和烷基,含六至二十个碳原子的芳香基如含一个至十个碳原子的取代基的苯基或苯甲基或非取代苯基或苯甲基;或含四个至十个碳原子的环烷基,或含一个至十个碳原子的羟烷基或碳水化合物以及含氧,氮以及氟,硫,磷等其他杂原子的含一个至十个碳原子的有机烷基等。
优选R1为含七个至二十个个碳原子的芳香酰基、含一个至十个碳原子的碳酸酰基,含一个至十个碳原子的原酸酰基和含一个至十个碳原子的氨基酰基;R2为氢;R3、R4为甲基。
上述芳香酰基优选为
其中,R8、R9分别为氢、1-6个碳原子的饱和烷基或1-6个碳原子的烷氧基、2-6个碳原子的不饱和烷基,OH、Cl、F、CN、羧基以及酯基;优选氢、甲基、乙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、氟或羧基。
根据本发明,术语“光学异构体”是指式I化合物或其药用盐的R或S光学异构体或RS外消旋混合物。
根据本发明,代表性的式(I)化合物有:
苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己烷基)-乙基]苯酯
4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
4-氟苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
2-羧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-苯甲酰氧基环己烷基)-乙基]苯酯
4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-(4-甲基)苯甲酰氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-(4-甲氧基)苯甲酰氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
4-氟苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-(4-氟)苯甲酰氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-苯甲酰氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
4-甲氧基苯甲酸1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-苯甲酰氧基环己基)-乙基]环己酯
4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-(4-甲氧基)苯甲酰氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
N-甲基胺基甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-苯甲氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
N,N-二甲基胺基甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-苯甲氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
乙基碳酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-苯甲氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
以及它们的各种盐和光学异构体。
根据本领域常规制药方法,本发明的式(I)化合物包括旋光异构体和消旋混合物以及药学上可接受的盐类,可制成适当的药剂形式,例如口服,注射,透皮,鼻腔,黏膜以及吸入等。其中口服给药方式,可以是固体片剂或胶囊或软胶囊或滴丸,也可以是溶液或混悬液或乳液或粉末等。可以是普通剂型,也可以是缓释或定位或速释或口崩等剂型。注射给药方式,可以是静脉或皮下或肌肉或腹腔注射方式,可以是溶液或混悬液或乳液,也可以是植入体或微球或凝胶等普通或长效剂型。透皮给药方式,可以是透皮贴片也可以是凝胶或其他通过透皮给药的方式。鼻腔以及吸入给药方式,可以是溶液或混悬液或乳液或粉末。黏膜给药方式,可以是溶液或混悬液或乳液或粉末或栓剂。
本发明进一步涉及药物组合物,其包含有效量的式(I)化合物,以及可相容且药学可接受的载体或稀释剂。载体既可以是任何惰性有机物或无机物,例如水,明胶,纤维素,淀粉等,也可以是其他药学活性物质,以及常见添加剂,例如稳定剂,润湿剂,乳化剂,调味剂以及缓冲剂等。
本发明的式(I)化合物包括旋光异构体和消旋混合物以及药学上可接受的盐类,可用于治疗的有关疾病或症状,举例讲有:抑郁症,焦虑症,泛化焦虑症,恐慌症,广场恐怖症,创伤后精神紧张性障碍,月经前期焦虑障碍,纤维肌痛,注意力不集中症,强迫观念和行为综合症,社交焦虑症,孤独症,自闭症,精神分裂症,肥胖,神经性食欲过盛或缺乏,图雷特综合症,血管舒缩性潮红,可卡因和酒精成瘾,性功能障碍,边界人格障碍,慢性疲劳综合症,尿失禁,疼痛,Shy Drager综合症,雷诺综合症,帕金森氏症和癫痫等,每日剂量可在1mg至1000mg,可以单次给药也可多次给药。
附图简要说明
图1前体药物4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐在大鼠体内的代谢;A.静脉给药;B.口服给药;实验组一□前体药:4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯,■活性代谢物:化合物(III);实验组二○前体药:4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯,●活性代谢物:化合物(III)
图21-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)琥珀酸盐(ODV succinate)(用-□-表示)和其前体药物-苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐(Benzoate)(用-▲-表示),4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐(4-Methyl benzoate)(用-◆-表示)以及4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯琥珀酸盐(4-Methoxybenzoate)(用--表示)在比格犬体内的吸收与代谢;图中所示的血液浓度均为活性代谢物化合物(III).
具体实施方式
下面的实施例是对本发明的进一步详细说明,但其不意味着对本发明的任何限制。
在100mL二氯甲烷中加入2.52g(10mmol)化合物(III)以及9.98mmol的有机酰氯,搅拌下冷却至0℃,滴加入1.05g(9.9mmol)三乙胺的二氯甲烷溶液(约10分钟),然后在室温下继续搅拌18小时。反应液用50mL水洗涤,分离后有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,然后减压下蒸发去掉溶剂,产物在真空中干燥。
VI化合物的盐(例如盐酸盐)的形成
将含有5mmol上述产物的30mL无水乙醚溶液冷却至0℃,然后在氮气下加入含4.8mmol的氯化氢的1M乙醚溶液。油状沉淀重复用无水乙醚洗涤,然后在真空中干燥。大多数产物为无定型泡沫状固体。
按照上述反应路线,以下化合物得以合成和表征。
实施例1 化合物(III)的羧酸苯基单酯[通式(VI)]的合成。
化合物(III)合成按美国专利US4535186合成。
A.通用方法与过程
反应通式:
其中R为苯基,甲苯基,甲氧基苯,或其他芳香基等。
以4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯为例:
10克去甲基文拉法辛(化合物III)溶于200毫升无水吡啶,冷却至0℃。滴加溶于无水四氢呋喃的等摩尔4-甲基苯甲酰氯,在此温度下搅拌反应5小时。然后减压蒸出大部分溶剂。倒入400毫升水中,搅拌下调整pH至9,放置过夜。过滤析出的的固体,水洗三次,干燥得粗品。粗品用无水乙醇/乙酸乙酯(1∶1)80毫升重结晶,得8.0克白色固体,熔点为159.0-162.2℃,产率为55.2%。
盐酸盐的制备:取2.0克上述产品,加入20毫升无水乙醇,滴加浓盐酸使其全部溶解,减压蒸出溶剂,用无水乙醇洗三次,加乙酸乙酯溶解,过滤析出的的固体,得2。0克白色结晶状固体,熔点为203.2-206.5℃。
按照此方法以下化合物得以合成和表征。
化合物1.4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
1H-NMR(DMSO)δ1.14-1.59(10H,m,-(CH2)5-),2.11(6H,s,-N(CH3)2),2.42(3H,s,Ar-CH3),2.55(1H,m,-CH<),2.86(2H,m,-CH2-N-),5.02(1H,br,-OH),7.11,7.27,7.40,8.00(8H,d,d,d,d,Ar-H);13C-NMR(DMSO)21.40,21.65(2C),24.79,39.89,40.81(2C),45.89(2C),57.94,76.57,120.19(2C),123.01(2C),126.42,127.95(2C),128.13(2C),136.97,141.90,147.42,164.18;熔点为159.0-162.2℃,盐酸盐熔点为203.2-206.5℃
化合物2.苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
反应条件相同,但用苯甲酰氯取代4-甲基苯甲酰氯。
1H-NMR(DMSO)δ0.97-1.61(10H,m,-(CH2)5-),2.12(6H,s,-N(CH3)2),2.57(1H,t,>CH-),2.84(2H,m,-CH2-N-),4.98(1H,br,-OH),7.13-8.13(9H,m,Ar-H);13C-NMR(DMSO)21.65(2C),24.79,39.89,40.81(2C),45.89(2C),57.94,76.57,120.19(2C),123.01(2C),125.92,128.80(2C),132.99(2C),133.85,136.97,147.42,164.18;熔点为176.3-179.1℃,盐酸盐熔点为206.6-207.7℃
化合物3.4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
反应条件相同,但用4-甲氧基苯甲酰氯取代4-甲基苯甲酰氯。
1H-NMR(DMSO)δ1.14-1.59(10H,m,-(CH2)5-),2.11(6H,s,-N(CH3)2),2.55(1H,m,-CH<),2.86(2H,m,-CH2-N-),3.86(3H,s,-OCH3),5.02(1H,br,-OH),7.10,7.26,8.06(8H,t,d,d,Ar-H);13C-NMR(DMSO)21.65(2C),24.79,39.89,40.81(2C),45.89(2C),55.25,57.94,76.57,113.14(2C),120.19(2C),122.52,123.01(2C),132.28(2C),137.01,147.42,162.50,164.18;熔点为133.4-135.7℃,盐酸盐熔点为195.7-196.9℃
化合物4.4-氟苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
反应条件相同,但用4-氟苯甲酰氯取代4-甲基苯甲酰氯。
1H-NMR(DMSO)δ1.25-1.59(10H,m,-(CH2)5-),2.16(6H,s,-N(CH3)2),2.55(1H,m,-CH<),2.86(2H,m,-CH2-N-),5.02(1H,br,-OH),7.00,7.16,7.26,8.12(8H,t,d,d,Ar-H);13C-NMR(DMSO)21.65(2C),24.79,39.90,40.81(2C),45.90(2C),57.94,76.57,114.41,115.12,120.19(2C),123.02(2C),130.91,131.08,137.02,147.42,158.38,164.19,164.88;熔点为146.2-148.5℃,盐酸盐熔点为199.2-201.3℃
实施例2 化合物(III)的羧酸双酯[通式(VII)]的合成
反应通式:
其中R为苯基,甲苯基,甲氧基苯,或其他芳香基或烷基等。
合成方法同实例一,但加入两倍以上有机酰氯的以及三乙胺.
以苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-苯甲酰氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯为例:
反应瓶中加入17.4克去甲基文拉法辛(化合物III),18.58克苯甲酰氯,200毫升无水四氢呋喃,冷却至0℃。滴加溶于50毫升无水四氢呋喃的三乙胺溶液,至原料消失后,反应液倒入400毫升水中。搅拌,过滤析出的的固体,水洗三次,干燥得粗品。粗品用10倍无水乙醇重结晶,得19.3克白色固体,熔点为127.8-129.7℃,产率为60.9%。
盐酸盐的制备:取5.0克上述产品,加入20毫升无水乙醚溶解,滴加氯化氢无水乙醚饱和溶液。过滤析出的的固体,得5.0克白色结晶状固体,熔点为176.1-179.0℃。
以下化合物按此方法合成。
化合物2.1.苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-苯甲酰氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
1H NMR(DMSO)δ1.07-1.58(10H,m,-(CH2)5-),2.01(6H,s,-N(CH3)2),2.33,4.06(2H,dd,-CH2-N-),3.00(1H,t,-CH<),7.16-8.13(14H,m,Ar-H),13C-NMR(DMSO)21.56(2C),24.64,37.70(2C),37.94,45.89(2C),57.85,81.50,120.35(2C),123.37(2C),125.90,128.67(2C),128.80(2C),129.42,129.47(2C),132.86,132.99(2C),133.85,136.41,148.19,164.18,166.21;熔点为127.8-129.7℃,盐酸盐熔点为176.1-179.0℃
化合物2.2.4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-(4-甲基)苯甲酰氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
反应条件相同,但用4-甲基苯甲酰氯取代苯甲酰氯。
1H-NMR(DMSO)δ1.10-1.59(10H,m,-(CH2)5-),2.11(6H,s,-N(CH3)2),2.45(6H,s,Ar-CH3),2.55(1H,m,-CH<),2.86(2H,m,-CH2-N-),7.11-,8.00(12H,d,d,d,d,Ar-H);13C-NMR(DMSO)21.40(2C),21.56(2C),24.64,37.70(2C),37.94,45.89(2C),57.85,81.50,120.35(2C),123.42(2C),125.31,126.43,127.59(2C),127.95(2C),128.10(2C),128.13(2C),136.41,141.90(2C),148.19,164.19,166.21;熔点为122.8-125.1℃.
化合物2.3.4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-(4-甲氧基)苯甲酰氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
反应条件相同,但用4-甲氧基苯甲酰氯取代苯甲酰氯。
1H-NMR(DMSO)δ1.14-1.59(10H,m,-(CH2)5-),2.11(6H,s,-N(CH3)2),2.55(1H,m,-CH<),2.86(2H,m,-CH2-N-),3.86(6H,s,-OCH3),5.02(1H,br,-OH),7.10-8.06(12H,t,d,d,Ar-H);13C-NMR(DMSO)21.56(2C).24.64,37.70(2C),37.94,45.89(2C),55.25(2C),57.85,81.50,113.11(2C),113.14(2C),120.35(2C),121.03,122.52,123.37(2C),131.21(2C),132,28(2C),136.41,148.19,162.50(2C),164.16,166.21;熔点为112.6-114.9℃.
实施例3 化合物(III)的羧酸混合双酯[通式(VIII)]的合成
R≠R1
(VIII)
混合双酯是由单酯的酰化制备而成,合成方法同实例一所述。
反应通式:
其中R,R1为苯基,甲苯基,甲氧基苯,或其他芳香基或烷基等。
以4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-苯甲酰氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯为例:
在200毫升无水吡啶中加入10mmol按实例一方法所合成的单酯(实例一化合物1)以及10-15mmol的苯甲酰氯,搅拌下冷却至0℃,滴加入1.05g(9.9mmol)三乙胺的无水四氢呋喃溶液(约10分钟),然后在室温下继续搅拌18小时。反应液用50毫升水洗涤,分离后有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,然后减压下蒸发去掉溶剂,倒入400毫升水中,搅拌下调整pH至9,放置过夜。过滤析出的的固体,水洗三次,干燥得粗品。粗品用无水乙醇重结晶,得白色固体。
以下化合物按此方法合成。
化合物3.1.4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-苯甲酰氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
1H-NMR(DMSO)δ1.10-1.59(10H,m,-(CH2)5-),2.17(6H,s,-N(CH3)2),2.42(3H,s,Ar-CH3),2.55(1H,m,-CH<),2.86(2H,m,-CH2-N-),7.11-8.20(13H,d,d,d,d,Ar-H);13C-NMR(DMSO)21.40,21.56(2C),24.64,37.70(2C),37.94,45.89(2C),57.86,81.52,120.36(2C),123.38(2C),126.43,127.95(2C),128.13(2C),128.67(2C),129.42,129.47(2C),132.86,136.41,141.90,149.19,164.19,166.22;熔点为127.8-130.2℃.
化合物3.2.4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-苯甲酰氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
反应条件相同,但用实例一化合物3取代实例一化合物1。
1H-NMR(DMSO)δ1.22-1.76(10H,m,-(CH2)5-),2.15(6H,s,-N(CH3)2),2.58(1H,m,-CH<),2.76(2H,m,-CH2-N-),3.86(3H,s,-OCH3),7.16-8.10(9H,t,d,d,Ar-H);13C-NMR(DMSO)21.56(2C),24.64,37.70(2C),37.94,45.89(2C),55.25,57.85,81.50,113.12(2C),120.35(2C),121.03,123.37(2C),125.92,128.81(2C),131.22(2C),132.99(2C),133.85,136.41,148.19,162.50,164.18,166.26;熔点为119.6-122.8℃.
实施例4 化合物(III)苯甲醚的胺基甲酸苯基单酯[通式(IX)]的合成
反应通式:
其中R1,R2或R为H,甲基,乙基,丙基,异丙基,苯基,甲苯基或其他烷基或芳香基等。
化合物4.1.N-甲基胺基甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-苯甲氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
在20mL含5mmol化合物(III)苯甲醚的二氯甲烷溶液中搅拌下加入6mmol的甲基异氰酸酯,在室温下反应16小时,然后用10mL 5%碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,再用无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸发溶剂后得油状或白色固体产物。
1H-NMR(DMSO)1.33-1.69(10H,m,-(CH2)5-),2.17(6H,s,-N(CH3)2),2.65(1H,m,-CH<),2.76(2H,m,-CH2-N-),2.78(3H NCH3),5.37(NH),6.90-7.59(9H,Ar-H).13C-NMR(DMSO)22.43(2C),25.22,27.35,35.1439.29(2C),45.89(2C),56.72,81.67,120.30(2C),122.81(2C),122.89,124.36(2C),128.81(2C),135.34,147.41,156.11,160.37;熔点为138.6-140.8℃.
化合物2.N,N-二甲基胺基甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-苯甲氧基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
在零度以及搅拌下,往30mL含5mmol化合物(III)苯甲醚以及1mL三乙胺的二氯甲烷溶液中滴加入6mmol的N-二甲基基甲酰氯,在零度下继续反应6小时,然后用10mL 5%碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,再用无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸发溶剂后得油状或白色固体产物。
1H-NMR(DMSO)1.33-1.69(10H,m,-(CH2)5-),2.17(6H,s,-N(CH3)2),2.65(1H,m,-CH<),2.76(2H,m,-CH2-N-),2.89(6H N(CH3)2),6.90-7.59(9H,Ar-H).13C-NMR(DMSO)20.43(2C),25.15,35.14,36.42,36.65,39.29(2C),45.89(2C),56.72,81.67,1220.70(2C),122,80(2C),122.90,124.71(2C),128.81(2C),135.45,148.50,155.12,156.11;熔点为126.2-129.3℃.
实施例5 化合物在肝脏细胞中代谢至活性成分1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)的实验
40μg实施例一化合物1(或化合物2或化合物3或化合物4)溶于0.01M含有1mM NADPH的磷酸钾缓冲液中,与25μL人肝脏细胞S9(20mg蛋白质/mL,H961)混合,在37C下培养2小时,然后用浓高氯酸淬灭混合物。离心去掉沉淀的蛋白质后,上清溶液用浓磷酸钾溶液调整pH 3,再离心。直接注射上清溶液入HPLC进行分析。
代谢结果如下表一所示,化合物在肝脏细胞中两个小时代谢至活性成分1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)的代谢率从80%到100%不等,取决于不同的酯基。
表一化合物在肝脏细胞中2小时的代谢率
实施例6 4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐(实施例1化合物1)的大鼠口服及静脉给药代谢实验:
六只大鼠分为两组,按13.5mg/kg将4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐进行灌胃或静脉给药,按既定的时间采血,测血中前体药物4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯以及活性代谢物1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)的浓度。
大鼠的静脉给药(图一A)表明作为前体药物,4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐在大鼠血液中的代谢很迅速,30分钟时其活性代谢物1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)(ODV)即达到Cmax,同时前体药物原型血液浓度仅为其活性代谢物1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)(ODV)的10至15%,并且继续下降。
口服结果如图一B所示,前体药物经胃肠道进入体内后立即代谢为活性代谢物1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)(ODV),速度更迅速,并且更彻底,原形化合物的浓度很低,前体药物经口服基本全部转化为所希望的活性代谢物1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)。充分证明前体药物4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯的可代谢性。经计算,大鼠口服前体药物4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐的生物利用度为80%以上,明显高于直接口服1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)(ODV)以及其各种盐的生物利用度。
实施例7 1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)琥珀酸盐和其前体药物-苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐(实施例一化合物2),4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐(实施例一化合物1)以及4-甲氧基4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯(实施例一化合物3)琥珀酸盐的比格犬口服实验结果
九只体重10左右公斤的比格犬分为三组,按0.016mmol/kg将O-去甲基文拉法辛(ODV)琥珀酸盐,苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐,4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐以及4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯琥珀酸盐进行灌胃,按既定的时间采血,测血中活性代谢物1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)以及前体药物的浓度。
结果如图二所示,前体药物经胃肠道进入比格犬体内后立即代谢为活性代谢物去甲基文拉法辛,原形化合物的浓度很低,低于测试的极限水平,可以认为前体药物经口服基本全部转化为所希望的活性代谢物1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)。同时结果表明,ODV的前体药物的生物利用度明显高于ODV各种盐中生物利用度最好的琥珀酸盐,AUC提高30%以上(表二),其中4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐的AUC提高60%以上(表二),生物利用度改善非常显著,与1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)琥珀酸盐比较有明显的优势。
表二前体药物与1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)琥珀酸盐的比格犬实验结果比较-活性代谢物1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)的浓度
实施例8 制备口服普通片
组分:
4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐或
4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯琥珀酸盐或
苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐
23%
微晶纤维素 58%
羟丙基甲基纤维素 5%
磷酸氢钙二水合物 12%
硬脂酸镁 0.8%
胶态无水二氧化硅 1.2%
直接压片,每片含药100毫克(按1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇计算)。将此口服普通片进行溶出实验,得以下结果:
表三口服普通片的溶出
实施例9 制备4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐口服缓释胶囊
A.成粒:
4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐 40%
微晶纤维素 59%
羟丙基甲基纤维素 1%
普通流化床成粒。
B.包衣:
乙基纤维素 85%
羟丙基甲基纤维素 15%
包衣干燥后将已包衣的颗粒球装入硬明胶胶囊中,每粒胶囊含药(按1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇计算)100毫克,包衣程度为6%。将此胶囊按照中国药典注解的方法进行溶出实验,得以下结果:
表四4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐口服缓释胶囊的溶出
实施例10 制备苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐口服缓释胶囊
以苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐代替4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐,制备方法同实施例九。将此胶囊按照中国药典注解的方法进行溶出实验,得以下结果:
表五苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐口服缓释胶囊的溶出
实施例11 制备4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯琥珀酸盐口服缓释胶囊
以4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯琥珀酸盐代替4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐,制备方法同实施例九。将此胶囊按照中国药典注解的方法进行溶出实验,得以下结果:
表五4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯琥珀酸盐口服缓释胶囊的溶出
实施例12 制备口服缓释片
A.压片
4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐或
4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯琥珀酸盐或
苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐
28%
微晶纤维素 60%
羟丙基甲基纤维素 10%
胶态无水二氧化硅 0.8%
硬脂酸镁 1.2%
B.包衣:
乙基纤维素 72%
羟丙基甲基纤维素 12%
癸二酸二丁酯 15%
聚乙二醇400(Macrogol) 1%
每片含药100毫克(按1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇计算)。将此片按照中国药典注解的方法进行溶出实验,得以下结果:
表六口服缓释片的溶出
实施例13 4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐口服缓释胶囊的比格犬实验
六只比格犬体重9.8至12.5公斤,用于此实验,之前禁食一晚,但不禁水。在给药之前60分钟进食,其中三只比格犬每只给4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己烷基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐口服缓释胶囊一粒,含药159毫克(按1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇计算为100毫克),另外三只比格犬静脉注射4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐79毫克(按1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇计算为50毫克)。给药后0.25,0.5,1,2,4,6,8,12,16,24小时采血。血样(3mL)采入5mL肝素抗凝的试管中,低温离心后在-70度保存,然后用HPLC-MS分析血样(Ther.Drug Monit.16:100-107(1994)。
血样分析结果表明,口服4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐进入体内后迅速被转化为1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇。
1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)在犬体内的数据如表七。
表七4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐的比格犬实验
实施例14 苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐口服缓释胶囊的比格犬实验
实验方法同实施例十三,缓释胶囊一粒含药154毫克(按1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇计算为100毫克)。
血样分析结果同样表明,口服苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐进入体内后也迅速被转化为1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇。
1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)在犬体内的数据如表八。
表八苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯盐酸盐的比格犬实验
实施例15 4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯琥珀酸盐口服缓释胶囊的比格犬实验
实验方法同实施例十三,缓释胶囊一粒含药195毫克(按1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇计算为100毫克)。
血样分析结果同样表明,口服4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯琥珀酸盐进入体内后也迅速被转化为1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇。
1-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-羟基苯基)-乙基]环己醇(化合物III)在犬体内的数据如表九。
表九4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯琥珀酸盐的比格犬实验
Claims (9)
3.根据权利要求2所述的式(I)化合物,其特征在于上述取代基R8、R9分别为氢、甲基、乙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、氟或羧基。
4.权利要求1所述式(I)化合物的盐,其特征在于该化合物的盐为盐酸盐、硫酸盐、马来酸盐、琥珀酸盐以及其他与药学上可接受的酸形成的盐。
5.权利要求1-4任一所述化合物,所述化合物选自:
苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己烷基)-乙基]苯酯
4-甲基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
4-甲氧基苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
4-氟苯甲酸4-[2-二甲基胺基-1-(1-羟基环己基)-乙基]苯酯
以及它们的药用盐和光学异构体。
6.一种药物组合物,它含有根据权利要求1至5中的任一项化合物,其光学异构体或其药用盐,及药用载体。
7.根据权利要求1至5中的任一项化合物,其光学异构体或其药用盐在制备抑制或阻断5-羟色胺(5-HT)或/和去甲肾上腺素(NA)再摄取及治疗中枢神经系统疾病的药物中用途。
8.根据权利要求6的药物组合物,所述组合物是通过口服,注射,透皮,鼻腔,黏膜以及吸入方式使用的。
9.权利要求6的药物组合物,所述组合物为普通剂型,缓释、控释、定位或速释剂型。
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CN104127401A (zh) * | 2013-08-28 | 2014-11-05 | 山东绿叶制药有限公司 | 含有去甲基文拉法辛苯甲酸酯类化合物的渗透泵控释组合物 |
CN103570669B (zh) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-07-22 | 吉林大学 | 脑靶向o-去甲基文拉法辛酚酯类前药及制备方法和用途 |
CN104666291A (zh) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-06-03 | 山东绿叶制药有限公司 | 去甲基文拉法辛苯甲酸酯类化合物在制备改善性功能障碍药物中的应用 |
CN104672097B (zh) * | 2013-12-03 | 2016-06-29 | 山东绿叶制药有限公司 | 化合物对甲基苯甲酸4-(2-二甲胺基-1-环己烯基乙基)苯酯制备方法及应用 |
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US5530013A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1996-06-25 | American Home Products Corporation | Venlafaxine in the inducement of cognition enhancement |
CN1706813A (zh) * | 2004-06-09 | 2005-12-14 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院放射医学研究所 | 含长链脂肪酰基取代的文拉法辛前体药物及其制备方法和用途 |
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US8487132B2 (en) | 2013-07-16 |
AU2006257558B8 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
KR20080042068A (ko) | 2008-05-14 |
EP1897867A1 (en) | 2008-03-12 |
PL1897867T3 (pl) | 2017-09-29 |
KR101304505B1 (ko) | 2013-09-05 |
PT1897867T (pt) | 2017-05-22 |
ES2624789T3 (es) | 2017-07-17 |
EP1897867B1 (en) | 2017-02-15 |
WO2006133652A1 (fr) | 2006-12-21 |
CN1955159A (zh) | 2007-05-02 |
US8178724B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 |
AU2006257558B9 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
JP2008543794A (ja) | 2008-12-04 |
EP1897867A4 (en) | 2010-09-29 |
AU2006257558A1 (en) | 2006-12-21 |
AU2006257558B2 (en) | 2012-01-12 |
RU2416598C2 (ru) | 2011-04-20 |
CA2612413C (en) | 2013-03-12 |
EP1897867B8 (en) | 2017-08-23 |
JP5080458B2 (ja) | 2012-11-21 |
US20090118368A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
US20120190741A1 (en) | 2012-07-26 |
RU2008101776A (ru) | 2009-11-27 |
CA2612413A1 (en) | 2006-12-21 |
DK1897867T3 (en) | 2017-05-15 |
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