CN1954663A - Method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade - Google Patents
Method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade Download PDFInfo
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- CN1954663A CN1954663A CNA2005100104783A CN200510010478A CN1954663A CN 1954663 A CN1954663 A CN 1954663A CN A2005100104783 A CNA2005100104783 A CN A2005100104783A CN 200510010478 A CN200510010478 A CN 200510010478A CN 1954663 A CN1954663 A CN 1954663A
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Abstract
A method for protecting the shade slope of highway by planting false indigo includes such steps as preparing the soil on said shade slope, digging transverse canals along the slope, directly sowing the pre-treated seeds in said canals, optimizing the vegetation, and cold-resistant management of saplings.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of slope of highway the moon to bulkhead tech.
Background technology:
Have now and introduce a fine variety shrubby flase indigo in both sides of highway side slope protection afforestation, positive in well-grown, no damage by disease and insect, and cloudy to undergrowth, survival rate is low, does not reach the purpose of bank protection.The technology of the present invention has solved cloudy problem to the shrubby flase indigo bank protection through repetition test research,
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of the moon that can make to the shrubby flase indigo bank protection, the method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade that shrubby flase indigo well-grown survival rate is high.
Above-mentioned purpose realizes by following technical scheme:
Method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade, its composition comprises: whole ground, water furrow planting, no-tillage management is optimized vegetation structure, the treelet winter protection, nursery stock management, described water furrow planting are according to domatic characteristics, along domatic horizontal trench digging, dark 2.0cm, wide 7～8cm, the ditch spacing is 50～60cm, with the seed of having handled well, in the live ditch, every mu of 15kg, earthing then, thickness is 1.0cm, and suppression.
Above-mentioned method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade, described be live creating a favorable environment wholely, the foreign material such as rubble that domatic branch, shrub root, Chinese wistaria, rudiment etc. and influence sowing are come up are picked up without exception and are removed, make domatic clean, the condition that reaches suitable sowing is put in order ground on this basis, at first smooth domatic, chesson, the degree of depth is at 7～8cm.
Above-mentioned method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade, described no-tillage management is after planting, looks the soil moisture in layer situation, repeatedly waters on a small quantity, and to natural weeds, all inhibition come up, and in time no-tillage removing guarantees that seed normally is unearthed, Cheng Miao.
Above-mentioned method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade, described optimization vegetation structure is for disseminating curly dock and Asiatic plantain in the ranks what broadcast shrubby flase indigo, and the inducing natural weeds, form based on manually irritating of shrubby flase indigo and mix friendship multilayer structure vegetation with the natural grass that combines.
Above-mentioned method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade, described treelet winter protection are used the covering nursery stock of loosening the soil, thickness 5～6cm for after shrubby flase indigo is about to stop growing lignification in autumn end.
Above-mentioned method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade, described nursery stock management is wiped out the weeds that influence the shrubby flase indigo growth of seedling for to carry out no-tillage management after coming up, and cut the water yield of running check seedling in process of growth gently.
This technical scheme has following beneficial effect:
1. shrubby flase indigo is one of shrub species the best in the biological bank protection seeds, and this kind has well developed root system, and speed is given birth to, and germinating power is stronger, and anti-tapping.Seed, transplant a cutting, bury root propagation and all can; it is strong to have adaptability again; the characteristic of barren-resistant, anti-flue dust; introduce a fine variety shrubby flase indigo, carry out multiple test at the moon to dysgonic problem, it is cloudy to the shrubby flase indigo cultivation technical problem of planting to solve to work out the present invention; make the shrubby flase indigo side slope protection at the moon to performance ecological functions effect; simultaneously also be that temperate zone local highway the moon increases new seeds to bank protection, increase bio-diversity, the protection highway is unimpeded.
2. the ground zonal soil of Highway house's warp is that dark brown earth and azonal soil are great soil groups such as white muddy soil, meadow soil.The structure more complicated, but because the needs of building roadbed carry out excavation, butt, embankment, stir at the end, make assorted soil that all kinds of soil blend together and sandy soil, sandstone, low, the dysplasia of fertility, all increased difficulty for biological bank protection, influence survives, grows, and the technology of the present invention then can reach the purpose of bank protection, solves above problem.
3. shrubby flase indigo is to carry out biological bank protection and the solid soil of sand prevention, and the fine tree species that conserve water and soil are distributed in areas such as China distant Plain of pine, the North China Plain, Taihang mountain region, the Yanshan Mountain, Liaoning and knob, Shandong, hills, loess plateau, Nei Mongol Plateau; The opinion with weather belongs to the south, temperate zone, warm temperate zone, north subtropical, and height above sea level is below 1000 meters, low mountains and hills.The Plain greening, windproof solid soil all adopts shrubby flase indigo afforestation, and suitable average temperature of the whole year is 10～16 ℃, and absolute lowest temperature is below-30 ℃, and annual rainfall is well-grown at 500～700mm.Main straight seedling, cutting and the straight cutting of adopting in these areas afforested, and good result is all arranged.
4. shrubby flase indigo is afforested, and whole ground, fish scale pit is adopted in the mountain region, and the Plain is adopted and is with whole ground, hole, main straight seedling, cutting and the live mode of adopting afforested in spring, autumn and rainy season, 8～10 in live every cave, per hectare 5000～6000 strains (cave), survival rate is generally more than 85%.
5. experimental result of the present invention, breathing out with the Duan Yinxiang of highway Bin County side slope sandy soil ground upper seeding wheel shrubby flase indigo on May 26th, 2005, through practice, emergence rate reaches 85%, and upper height is 0.62～0.86 meter fifty-fifty, long 0.27～0.36 meter of main root, lateral root reaches 0.28 meter, the longest is 0.39 meter, grows fine, and forms the shrub vegetation of bank protection.Meanwhile carry out live test at areal, sowed 13 to 22 July, soil condition is sandy soil and yellow clay, planting percent is 88%, go up fifty-fifty highly is 0.1～0.12 meter, be up to 0.15 meter, minimum is 0.07 meter, and growing way is normal, the curly dock of in the ranks sowing shrubby flase indigo and the weeds of natural regeneration, emergence rate is 50%, grow fine, formed the multilayer slope-protecting vegetation of irritating careless combination, the diversity of organism height, coverage rate reaches more than 95%, is bringing into play big ecological functions effect.
6. the ecological functions effect that adopts the technology of the present invention to obtain: alleviate raindrop and swash the splashing protection side slope,, propose water balance formula: P according to side slope natural precipitation process
1=P-(R
1+ T
2).P in the formula
1Be the side slope vegetation interception; P is the natural precipitation amount; R
1Be face of land flow; T
2Be vegetation top layer evaporation discharge.Find out by formula, directly fall rainfall P, stayed P by the vegetation of established filling grass comprehensive in side slope
1, reduced the kinetic energy that falls raindrop, alleviate hitting of side slope spattered, protected soil effectively; reduced the erosion of soil face, prevented the loss of side slope soil, found out thus; vegetation plays the buffering of raindrop and the effect of holding back, general protection side slope, reached the purpose of biological bank protection.
7. employing the present invention can make the vegetal retardance rainwash, prevents to slope erosion the rainfall P that is held back by vegetation
1, except that evaporation discharge E, part is fallen on the side slope soil, forms rainwash R
1With the rainwash R that forms by the road surface
2Flow into side slope, two synthetic R of rainwash
0=R
1+ R
2The rainfall P on road surface, because the road surface is an impermeable stratum, its P all forms rainwash, R
2Account for half of natural precipitation amount, flow into domatic.Its flowing law is to be pushed up to sloping current downflow by the slope, and scouring force is big, but owing to irritate the obstruction of the vegetation of careless combination, not only reduces flow velocity, reduces soil erosion kinetic energy, but also is penetrated in the soil, alleviates etch intensity, has protected side slope, has fixed soil.
8. adopt the present invention can improve the side slope micro climate,, reduced wind speed, reduced the water evaporates of side slope, regulated temperature, improved the ecotope of micro climate effectively, promoted cloudy growth to vegetation by the face of land owing to irritate the vegetation effect of careless combination.
9. technical Analysis of the present invention: live increase resistance, shrubby flase indigo is the seeds of warm-temperature zone, introduces a fine variety to the Harbin in temperate zone and succeeds, and this is the adaptation to temperature, but not all land occupation condition is all suitable, side slope the moon to the ecotope factor become the limiting factor of this kind expansion.Over past ten years, breathe out same highway, the highway of breathe out pacifying more generally introduces a fine variety the shrubby flase indigo bank protection, sun is grown to side slope, successful introduction, and cloudy to side slope lethality height, not success.Because in same latitude area, sun is caused the variation of a series of correlation factors to always Duoing 30～40% than the moon to solar radiation by the heat factor variations, therefore cloudy positive in low 4～5 ℃ of side slope temperature to the side slope ratio, soil moisture content is higher, easily causes frostbite, and past the moon is planted shrubby flase indigo less than success to side slope, mainly be that temperature is low, washiness, oxygen is few, causes the root system that plants seedlings to cause with the corrosion of cutting top layer, to adopt the way of seminal propagation to carry out live for this reason, solved with this problem.Because live seedlings root is dark, adaptability is strong, and variability is big,,, grows fine though growth is subjected to the factors such as relative temperature is low restriction to side slope at the moon, has formed the slope protection vegetation.
10. the composite construction vegetation promotes the shrubby flase indigo growth; combine vegetation shrubby flase indigo with the filling grass that curly dock and natural weeds form; changed original underlying surface; reduce wind speed; reduce soil evaporation, regulated the distribution of heat, improved the micro climate environment; promoted vegetation growth; especially the good environment sieve has been created in the growth of shrubby flase indigo shrub, is the shrubby flase indigo seed sprouting, the blastema growth; come up; treelet survives and grows has created good environment, grows up in natural selection and artificial regulatory, has improved hereditary quality; enlarged the cultivation area, significant to the protection slope of highway.
11. adopt the technology of the present invention can also create very high economic benefit to slope of highway protection; draw according to practice; every mu of successful direct cost of shrubby flase indigo sowing is 805.00 yuan; fund of seed: every mu of seeding quantity of shrubby flase indigo is 15 kilograms; the per kilogram unit price is 15.00 yuan; every mu of shrubby flase indigo fund of seed is 225.00 yuan; every mu of seeding quantity of curly dock is 20 kilograms; the per kilogram unit price is 6.00 yuan; the fund of seed of every mu of curly dock is 120.00 yuan; fertilizer cost: every mu of live shrubby flase indigo plot needs 20 kilograms of potassium sulphate fertilizers; fertilizer cost is 40.00 yuan for every mu; the weeding of whole ground: every mu of whole ground weeding expense is 120.00 yuan; the sowing expense: the labour cost of sowing every mu of shrubby flase indigo and fertilising is 80.00 yuan every mu; hoe up weeds: it is 90.00 yuan that every mu of shrubby flase indigo fosters the expense of weeding, waters: the expense of watering in every mu of live plot is 50.00 yuan, administration fee; traffic expense and contingency sum: every mu of expense is 80.00 yuan.
The specific embodiment of the present invention:
Embodiment 1:
Method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade, its composition comprises: whole ground, water furrow planting, vegetation structure is optimized in no-tillage management, treelet winter protection, nursery stock management.
Whole ground: create a favorable environment for live, the foreign material such as rubble that domatic branch, shrub root, Chinese wistaria, rudiment etc. and influence sowing are come up are picked up without exception and are removed, make domatic clean, the condition that reaches suitable sowing is put in order ground on this basis, at first smooth domatic, chesson, the degree of depth is at 7～8cm, be sure not to form rill, in order to avoid water and soil loss.
Water furrow planting: begin sowing in late May or rainy season early June to early July, according to domatic characteristics, along domatic horizontal trench digging, dark 2.0cm, wide 7～8cm, the ditch spacing is 50～60cm, with the seed of having handled well, in the live ditch, every mu of 15kg, earthing then, thickness is 1.0cm, and suppression, increase capillarity, improve germination rate.Seeding quantity by formula S=NW/ER (1-A) G1000 is calculated drilling and is removed and broadcast seeding quantity, and in the formula: S is hectare sowing quantity kg; N plans to emerge the strain number for hectare; E is seed bud ratio (%); R is seed purity %; A is seed percent of loss (bird, mouse, ant, beasts hazard ratio %); G is seed appearance emergence rate %; W is thousand grain weigth kg.The back per hectare of emerging will keep 1～1.5 ten thousand strain, promptly satisfy the bank protection requirement.
No-tillage management: sowing at 5 the end of month, late frost is mistake, guarantees that seed normally germinates, not influenced by freeze injury, frostbite, after planting, look the soil moisture in layer situation, repeatedly water on a small quantity, in case arid, stratification, to natural weeds, all inhibition come up, timely no-tillage removing is to guarantee that seed normally is unearthed, Cheng Miao.
Optimize vegetation structure: be unearthed in order to quicken the shrubby flase indigo seed sprouting, disseminate curly dock (Rumaxcrispus) and Asiatic plantain (plantago asiarica) in the ranks what broadcast shrubby flase indigo, and inducing natural weeds, formation mixes friendship multilayer structure vegetation based on manually irritating with the natural grass that combines of shrubby flase indigo, the biodiversity index height, increase cover degree, and promote the shrubby flase indigo amount of growth.Every mu of seeding quantity of curly dock is 20kg, every mu of 15kg of Asiatic plantain, and earthing having peace of mind, stratification.
The treelet winter protection: after shrubby flase indigo is about to stop growing lignification, use the covering nursery stock of loosening the soil in autumn end, thickness 5～6cm takes place to prevent freeze injury, and spread spring in next year.
Nursery stock management: after coming up, carry out no-tillage management, wipe out the weeds that influence the shrubby flase indigo growth of seedling, to cut gently, to reduce soil erosion, running check seedling lack of water whether in process of growth promptly should be watered if arid takes place, should be on a small quantity repeatedly, be sure not to impact soil, promote growth of seedling.
The winter protection technology: shrubby flase indigo is the seeds of warm temperate zone, and mean temperature of air is at 7～10 ℃, and a monthly mean temperature is at-10～14 ℃; the regional temperature difference is very big with introducing a fine variety, and for remedying this deficiency, prevents that freeze injury from taking place; after the shrubby flase indigo lignification; with the winter protection of loosening the soil, and make real, prevent to let in air; protection safety is passed the winter; after thawing next year, promptly remove anti-dry frozen ground, promote growth.
No-tillage fostering: at the composite plant cover of irritating careless combination, mainly be the solid soil of side slope, prevent to wash away, therefore adopt no-tillage technology to foster, do not causing under the condition of loosening the soil, wiping out the weeds that hinder the shrubby flase indigo growth, promoting the shrubby flase indigo growth, to not influencing the shrub growth, curly dock, and plant such as natural weeds should keep comprehensively, promotes development on multiple populations, short its grown, and reaches the purpose of bank protection.
Claims (6)
1. method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade, its composition comprises: whole ground, water furrow planting, no-tillage management is optimized vegetation structure, the treelet winter protection, the nursery stock management is characterized in that: described water furrow planting is for the domatic characteristics of foundation, along domatic horizontal trench digging, dark 2.0cm, wide 7～8cm, the ditch spacing is 50～60cm, with the seed of having handled well, in the live ditch, every mu of 15kg, earthing then, thickness is 1.0cm, and suppression.
2. method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described be live creating a favorable environment wholely, the foreign material such as rubble that domatic branch, shrub root, Chinese wistaria, rudiment etc. and influence sowing are come up are picked up without exception and are removed, make domatic clean, the condition that reaches suitable sowing is put in order ground on this basis, at first smooth domatic, chesson, the degree of depth is at 7～8cm.
3. method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described no-tillage management is after planting, look the soil moisture in layer situation, repeatedly water on a small quantity, to natural weeds, all inhibition come up, and in time no-tillage removing guarantees that seed normally is unearthed, Cheng Miao.
4. method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described optimization vegetation structure is for disseminating curly dock and Asiatic plantain in the ranks what broadcast shrubby flase indigo, and the inducing natural weeds, form based on manually irritating of shrubby flase indigo and mix friendship multilayer structure vegetation with the natural grass that combines.
5. method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described treelet winter protection is used the covering nursery stock of loosening the soil, thickness 5～6cm for after shrubby flase indigo is about to stop growing lignification in autumn end.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade, it is characterized in that: described nursery stock management is for carrying out no-tillage management after coming up, wipe out the weeds that influence the shrubby flase indigo growth of seedling, cut gently, the water yield of running check seedling in process of growth.
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| CNA2005100104783A CN1954663A (en) | 2005-10-25 | 2005-10-25 | Method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005100104783A CN1954663A (en) | 2005-10-25 | 2005-10-25 | Method for slope protection of planting false indigo on highway side slope shade |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106465590A (en) * | 2016-09-24 | 2017-03-01 | 安徽宏润工艺品有限公司 | A kind of processing method improving false indigo percentage of seedgermination |
| CN110122147A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-16 | 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of false indigo shrub makees the flowing sand ground living sand barrier planting and establishing method of material |
| CN113615496A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-09 | 国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Method for recovering vegetation on slope of power transmission and transformation facility in hilly area |
-
2005
- 2005-10-25 CN CNA2005100104783A patent/CN1954663A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106465590A (en) * | 2016-09-24 | 2017-03-01 | 安徽宏润工艺品有限公司 | A kind of processing method improving false indigo percentage of seedgermination |
| CN110122147A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-16 | 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of false indigo shrub makees the flowing sand ground living sand barrier planting and establishing method of material |
| CN113615496A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-09 | 国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Method for recovering vegetation on slope of power transmission and transformation facility in hilly area |
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