CN113615496A - Method for recovering vegetation on slope of power transmission and transformation facility in hilly area - Google Patents
Method for recovering vegetation on slope of power transmission and transformation facility in hilly area Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for recovering vegetation on a slope of a power transmission and transformation facility in a hilly area, which comprises the following steps: preparing plant seeds and plant growth mechanism; after the soil of the base layer of the side slope is turned loose, the soil of the side slope is leveled; a plurality of gullies are reclaimed on the side slope; applying a planting mechanism on the side slope, uniformly stirring the planting mechanism and the side slope base soil, and compacting; after mixing the plant seeds with organic soil, sowing the plant seeds in gullies, and lightly pressing the seeds into the soil; mixing organic soil and original soil, covering seeds and compacting; irrigating the planting area; covering the non-woven fabric close to the gully and fixing the non-woven fabric; and measuring the water content of the slope soil on the next day to keep the water content above 20%. The invention accelerates the vegetation recovery speed of the side slope area of the power transmission and transformation facility by reasonably combining and proportioning the plant seeds and matching with the plant growth mechanism suitable for plant growth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for recovering vegetation on a slope of a power transmission and transformation facility in a hilly area, and belongs to the technical field of slope vegetation recovery in the hilly area.
Background
In recent years, due to the rapid development of economy in China, the market has greater and greater power demand. With the continuous development of the electric power construction scale, the landform and the geomorphic landscape of the power transmission and transformation engineering construction become more and more complex. The power transmission and transformation project inevitably peels and destroys vegetation on the ground surface in the construction process, inevitably disturbs the land, influences the surrounding ecological environment, is influenced by rainfall and the like, particularly easily causes water and soil loss in a side slope area, and influences the stability and reliability of the side slope. Therefore, after the construction of the power transmission and transformation project is finished, the vegetation recovery of the slope region is urgently needed, the water and soil loss is reduced, and the stable operation of the slope facilities is guaranteed.
The regions of China, which are south of the east Qinling mountain and Huaihe river, and north of tropical monsoon climate, and the south of Japan and the places of Korean moving difficulty are subtropical marine monsoon climate. These zones are alternately controlled and cross each other by tropical ocean and polar continental air masses. The vegetation is not cold in winter, the average temperature is generally over 0 ℃ in 1 month, the temperature is relatively hot in summer, the average temperature is generally about 25 ℃ in 7 months, the wind direction is obviously changed in winter and summer, the annual precipitation is generally over 1000 mm, the precipitation is mainly concentrated in summer, and the precipitation is relatively less in winter, so that the vegetation is not beneficial to germination and growth in winter.
The partial power transmission and transformation facilities in the north of Fujian are arranged in red soil hilly areas, and the red soil in the areas has high weathering degree, thick soil layer, strong permeability, acid soil layer and low quick-acting phosphorus content, and is not beneficial to the germination and growth of vegetation.
The application document with the application number of CN201910350934.0 discloses a slope vegetation ecological restoration method, which achieves the effects of preventing soil loss and landslide through certain structure and preparation planting. But does not take into account the ecological environment of a particular region. The covering effect and the colonization effect after vegetation recovery cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides a method for recovering vegetation on a slope of a power transmission and transformation facility in a hilly area, which accelerates the vegetation recovery speed and the coverage area of the slope area of the power transmission and transformation facility by reasonably combining plant seeds and matching plant growth mechanisms suitable for plant growth.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for recovering vegetation on a slope of a power transmission and transformation facility in a hilly area comprises the following steps:
preparing plant seeds and plant growth mechanism; the plant seeds comprise seeds of plants of Gramineae, Leguminosae and Compositae, and are prepared by soaking seeds of Leguminosae in 50-60 deg.C warm water for 20-30 min, replacing clear water, soaking for 4 hr, filtering to remove water, and mixing with seeds of Gramineae and Compositae; the plant growth mechanism comprises organic soil containing 5% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, original soil, a soil binder, a water-retaining agent, a phosphorus-rich compound fertilizer and a microbial agent; the original soil is slope soil;
loosening the soil of the base layer and digging gully; after 15cm of side slope base soil is turned loose, leveling the side slope soil; a plurality of gullies are reclaimed on the side slope, the width of each gully is 6-8cm, the depth of each gully is 5-6cm, and the distance between every two adjacent gullies is 25-30 cm;
sowing seeds; applying a planting mechanism on the side slope, uniformly stirring the planting mechanism and the side slope base soil, and compacting; after mixing plant seeds and organic soil according to the weight ratio of 1:3, sowing the plant seeds in gullies, and slightly pressing the seeds into the soil;
maintenance management; mixing two parts of organic soil and one part of original soil, covering seeds and compacting, wherein the covering thickness is 1 cm; irrigating the side slope to ensure that the soil penetration depth of the side slope reaches 10 cm; covering the non-woven fabric close to the gully and fixing the non-woven fabric; and measuring the water content of the slope soil on the next day, and irrigating the area with the water content less than 20% to keep the water content above 20%.
Further, the application of the plant growth mechanism meets the following requirements: phosphorus-rich compound fertilizer 12-18g/m2300 g/m of organic soil containing 5% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium212-18g/m of water-retaining agent2(ii) a Carrying out quick-acting phosphorus and PH value detection on the slope soil applied with the plant growth mechanism; adjusting the content of the quick-acting phosphorus in the slope soil by using the phosphorus-rich compound fertilizer to ensure that the content of the quick-acting phosphorus in the slope soil is not lower than 30 mg/kg; and (3) adjusting the pH value of the soil by using a chemical modifier.
Further, the number of the seeds of the plant containing the seeds of the leguminous plant is not less than 20 percent; the microbial agent comprises a microbial agent of azotobacter, and the microbial agent of azotobacter is 2-3g/m when the vegetative biomass is applied2。
Further, the plant seeds are prepared according to the weight ratio of the paspalum natatum to the wide-leaf grass to the ryegrass to the eleusine indica to the fava bean to the hippophae rhamnoides to the flos magnoliae odoratae to the cosmos chinensis to the ratio of 5.6:3:8:3:9:10:7: 1; according to 46.6g/m2Spreading the plant seeds.
Further, the plant seeds are prepared according to the weight ratio of 4:5.6:8:2:1:9:6:7:5:2 of common dactylon root, paspalum herb, caladium, cassia tora, magnolia flower, lespedeza virginiana and boswellia chamomilla; according to 49.6g/m2Spreading the plant seeds.
Further, the plant seeds are prepared according to the weight ratio of the wide-leaved pennywort herb, the ryegrass, the green bristlegrass, the gooseberry, the sea-buckthorn, the bitter wheat and the 3:2.8:6:1:2:9:6:5:1: 1; according to 36.8g/m2And (5) sowing the plant seeds.
Further, the non-woven fabric is fixed through an anchor bolt; the anchor bolt comprises a horizontal ring part and a vertical bolt part; the ring part is a vertical hollow ring; the bolt part comprises a neck part which is in a vertical cylindrical shape, the outer diameter of the neck part is equal to the inner diameter of the ring part, and the height of the neck part is equal to the height of the ring part; a plurality of vertical inserting pieces are arranged at the lower end of the neck at intervals, and a plurality of blocking parts protruding outwards are arranged at intervals on the outer sides of the inserting pieces along the vertical direction; the upper end of the neck is provided with a bolt head; the outer diameter of the bolt head is larger than the inner diameter of the ring part; the ring part is sleeved on the outer side of the neck part; the non-woven fabric is located between the ring portion and the bolt head.
Further, through during the fixed non-woven fabrics of crab-bolt, will ring portion sets up in the non-woven fabrics below, bolt portion from the non-woven fabrics top downwards pass the non-woven fabrics with ring portion, and will ring portion cover is established the neck outside, after the inserted sheet inserted into side slope soil, the compaction around the crab-bolt inserted position soil.
Further, the inner sides of the inserting pieces jointly enclose to form a non-closed cavity; the inner diameter of the inserting sheet is gradually reduced from top to bottom; a through hole vertically penetrates through the bolt head and the neck, the through hole is communicated with the cavity, and the through hole is positioned in the center of the bolt head; after the anchor bolt is inserted into soil, a screw rod is inserted into the through hole, the lower end of the screw rod is located in the cavity, and the screw rod extrudes towards the outer side of the inserting piece.
Furthermore, a plurality of rotating seats are arranged at the upper end of the bolt head at intervals; one end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected with the rotating seat, and the other end of the rotating rod is fixed with a pressing block; the periphery of each inserting sheet is an arc-shaped surface, and each inserting sheet is enclosed to form a cylindrical structure with a gap on the side surface; the blocking part is of a table-shaped structure with a large upper part and a small lower part.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the vegetation recovery method has the advantages that the proper plant seed combination and the proper proportion are selected and matched with the appropriate plant growth mechanism, the seeds are sowed to the side slope, and the vegetation recovery rate is high.
2. According to the vegetation recovery method, the non-woven fabric is used for covering the side slope, and the non-woven fabric has the effects of preserving heat, preserving moisture and fixing seeds, so that the seeds can be fixed on the side slope to grow, and the water and soil loss of the side slope is effectively reduced. Meanwhile, the non-woven fabric is easy to degrade, the water content of the soil is measured and maintained in the next day after the seeds are sowed, manual operation is not needed subsequently, and the influence of the degraded non-woven fabric on the environment is extremely small.
3. This vegetation recovery method carries out the suppression through the crab-bolt that has the dwang to the non-woven fabrics, and during this crab-bolt installation, convenient operation, suppression is effectual, does not need extra instrument to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a plug portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a side view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a ring portion in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the anchor bolt of the embodiment of the present invention after installation.
Fig. 6 is a side view of fig. 5.
The reference numbers in the figures denote:
1. an anchor bolt; 2. a ring portion; 3. a plug portion; 4. a neck portion; 5. inserting sheets; 6. a blocking portion; 7. a bolt head; 8. a rotating seat; 9. rotating the rod; 10. briquetting; 11. and a through hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a method for recovering vegetation on a slope of a power transmission and transformation facility in a hilly area, which mainly uses three technical systems, namely a plant biomass configuration technology, a community configuration and mixed sowing formula technology and a matched construction technology.
The preparation technology of the plant growth mechanism comprises soil property determination, plant growth mechanism compounding and microbial agent screening. The proper planting mechanism can provide good soil habitat for plant growth recovery, can ensure relatively lasting fertilizer efficiency, is breathable and bonded, is moderate in viscosity (does not fall off), and is easy to implement seeding. In order to ensure the land suitability of the planting mechanism, the planting mechanism is configured according to the original soil characteristics of red soil hilly areas in northern Fujian and the requirements of plants.
The red soil in the red soil hilly area in the northern area of Fujian is high in weathering degree, thick in soil layer and strong in permeability, and the pH value is between 4.5 and 5.5, and is acidic. Because most of phosphorus exists in the soil in a closed state, the content of the quick-acting phosphorus in the soil is only 5-12 mg/kg. The preparation of the plant growth mechanism should adopt a phosphorus-rich compound fertilizer. Because the red soil is relatively barren, the proportion of the leguminous plants is ensured to be more than 20 percent, and the microbial agent of the azotobacter is added to improve the microbial demand of the rhizosphere environment of the leguminous plants.
The community configuration and mixed sowing formula technology comprises the statistical analysis of local vegetation, the analysis of plant ecotype, the analysis of plant ecology and the mixed sowing formula of artificial plant communities. According to the survey of natural vegetation around projects, the vegetation design of construction fully considers the conditions of climate application and slope surface. A stable community is formed by matching of pioneer species, group establishing species and cold-season and warm-season grass species.
Suitable pioneer species in northern hilly area of Fujian include annual ryegrass, miscanthus, green bristlegrass, goosegrass herb, coreopsis tinctoria, bitter maidenhair, cassia tora and pig dung bean, and the species include magnolia liliiflora, lespedeza, aster, pig dung bean, paspalum, broadleaf weed, etc
In addition, the plant community design also needs to consider that the plants can grow well in the northern part of Fujian and have certain barrenness resistance and drought resistance so as to face the seasonal climate; the plant growth is rapid, a covering layer is easy to form, the root system is developed, the vegetation covering effect of the side slope of the power transmission and transformation facility is favorably improved, and the plant growth regulator is suitable for hardened soil; the species have a certain symbiotic relationship, and the maintenance amount is small, so that the problem that a large amount of power transmission and transformation facilities are located in suburbs or areas where people are difficult to reach and the maintenance cost is high is solved.
The matched construction technology needs to be designed by combining the power transmission and transformation facility side slope and the tower footing soil topography, so that construction is convenient for constructors to construct according to certain specifications.
Example one
A method for recovering vegetation on a slope of a power transmission and transformation facility in a hilly area comprises the following steps:
preparing plant seeds and plant growth mechanism; the plant seeds comprise seeds of plants of Gramineae, Leguminosae and Compositae, and are prepared by soaking seeds of Leguminosae in warm water of 50-60 deg.C for 20-30 min, replacing clear water, soaking for 4 hr, filtering to remove water, mixing with seeds of Gramineae and Compositae, and increasing germination rate and survival rate of treated seeds of Leguminosae. The plant growth mechanism comprises organic soil containing 5% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, original soil, a soil binder, a water-retaining agent, a phosphorus-rich compound fertilizer and a microbial agent; the original soil is slope soil; the organic soil containing 5% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is beneficial to the growth of leguminous plants in plant seeds; the phosphorus-rich compound fertilizer can improve the quick-acting phosphorus content of the soil in the red soil hilly areas, and because the northern area of Fujian is subtropical marine seasonal climate which is rainy in winter and rainy in summer, the evaporation capacity is high, so that the situation that seeds cannot germinate or the survival rate of the seeds is reduced after the seeds germinate due to continuous long-time no rainfall is avoided, and the water-retaining agent is added to keep the water content of the soil. The following table shows the detection indexes before and after soil improvement in one embodiment of the present invention.
Detection indexes before and after soil improvement of drilling area in red soil area of Fujiangningde hill
Loosening the soil of the base layer and digging gully; after 15cm of side slope base soil is turned loose, leveling the side slope soil; a plurality of ravines are reclaimed on the side slope, the width of each ravine is 6-8cm, the depth of each ravine is 5-6cm, and the distance between every two adjacent ravines is 25-30 cm. Because the power transmission and transformation facility tower footing gravel is more, and the phenomenon of hardened soil of basic unit is more serious, need to turn over the pine to basic unit soil. The reclamation gullies are beneficial to the growth of plant seeds, and the gullies can preserve water due to the slope having a certain inclination angle, so that water loss is avoided. The width, depth and spacing of the ravines are determined by vegetation community design.
Sowing seeds; applying a planting mechanism on the side slope, uniformly stirring the planting mechanism and the side slope base soil, and compacting; after mixing plant seeds and organic soil according to the weight ratio of 1:3, sowing the plant seeds in gullies, and slightly pressing the seeds into the soil;
maintenance management; mixing two parts of organic soil and one part of original soil, covering seeds and compacting, wherein the covering thickness is 1 cm; irrigating the side slope to ensure that the soil penetration depth of the side slope reaches 10 cm; covering the non-woven fabric close to the gully and fixing the non-woven fabric; and measuring the water content of the slope soil on the next day, and irrigating the area with the water content less than 20% to keep the water content above 20%. The non-woven fabrics can prevent effectively that moisture evaporation and top layer soil from running off, and the non-woven fabrics can clear up naturally simultaneously, does not cause the pollution to the environment, does not need the later maintenance. The water content of the plant seeds is kept above 20% the next day, and the germination rate of the plant seeds can be effectively improved.
The application of the plant growth mechanism meets the following requirements: phosphorus-rich compound fertilizer 12-18g/m2300 g/m of organic soil containing 5% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium212-18g/m of water-retaining agent2(ii) a Detecting the quick-acting phosphorus and the PH value of the slope soil to which the plant growth mechanism is applied; adjusting the content of the quick-acting phosphorus in the slope soil by using the phosphorus-rich compound fertilizer to ensure that the content of the quick-acting phosphorus in the slope soil is not lower than 30 mg/kg; and (3) adjusting the pH value of the soil by using a chemical modifier. Since the PH of the soil in the red soil hilly area in northern Fujian is between 4.5 and 5.5, which is acidic, the PH of the soil is adjusted by using phosphogypsum in this example.
The number of seeds of the leguminous plants in the seeds is not less than 20%, the leguminous plants are more suitable for barren environment, and the nitrogen fixation effect is achieved, so that the soil can be improved, and the growth of communities is facilitated; the microorganism isThe biological agent comprises a microbial agent of azotobacter, and the microbial agent of azotobacter is 2-3g/m when the biological agent is applied2。
Example two
On the basis of the first embodiment, the plant seeds are prepared according to the weight ratio of paspalum natatum, broad-leaf grass, ryegrass, goosegrass, hippophae rhamnoides, mangrove and boswellia chinensis to 5.6:3:8:3:9:10:7: 1; according to 46.6g/m2Spreading the plant seeds. In the plant seeds, ryegrass, goosegrass herb, strawberries faecifolia and boswellia chamomilla are pioneer seeds, the growth speed is high, the adaptability to various severe environments is strong, the coverage of 40-80% can be achieved within 3-4 weeks, and excellent shading and water-wet conditions are created for the germination and growth of mass-built paspalum herb, broad-leaved grass, strawberries faecium herb, hippophae rhamnoides and magnolia multiflora. In the plant seeds, the ryegrass and the boswellia chamomilla are cold-season grass seeds and can normally germinate at the low temperature of 8-15 ℃, and the germination illumination and humidity conditions are provided for warm-season grass seeds of paspalum natatum, broadleaf grass, faecium falcatum, hippophae rhamnoides and magnolia multiflora.
EXAMPLE III
A hilly area power transmission and transformation facility side slope vegetation recovery method is characterized in that on the basis of the first embodiment, plant seeds are prepared according to the proportion of 4:5.6:8:2:1:9:6:7:5:2 by weight of bermudagrass, ryegrass, green bristlegrass, gooseberry, cassia tora, magnolia denudata, lespedeza bicolor and coreopsis tinctoria; according to 49.6g/m2Spreading the plant seeds. In the plant seeds, ryegrass, green bristlegrass, goosegrass herb, Chinese fevervine herb, cassia tora and coreopsis is are pioneer seeds, the growth speed is high, the adaptability to various severe environments is strong, the coverage of 40-80% can be achieved within 3-4 weeks, and excellent shading and water-wet conditions are created for the germination and growth of mass-establishing Chinese paspalum herb, Chinese fevervine herb, magnolia multiflora and lespedeza. In the plant seeds, the ryegrass and the boswellia chamomilla are cold-season grass seeds, can normally germinate at the low temperature of 8-15 ℃, and can provide the conditions of illumination intensity and humidity for germination of the cold-season grass lespedeza at the low temperature. The lespedeza bicolor provides germination illumination for warm-season grass seeds of paspalum natatum, fava, cassia tora and magnolia multifloraAnd humidity conditions.
Example four
A hilly area power transmission and transformation facility side slope vegetation recovery method is characterized in that on the basis of the first embodiment, plant seeds are prepared according to the proportion of 3:2.8:6:1:2:9:6:5:1:1 by weight of broad-leaved grasses, paspalum, goosegrass, cassia tora, hippophae rhamnoides and bitter maidenhair; according to 36.8g/m2And (5) sowing the plant seeds. In the plant seeds, ryegrass, green bristlegrass, goosegrass herb, Chinese redwood herb, cassia tora, coreopsis and bitter wheat herb are pioneer seeds, the growth speed is high, the adaptability to various severe environments is strong, the coverage degree can reach 40-80% within 3-4 weeks, and excellent shading and water-wet conditions are created for the germination and growth of broad-leaved weeds, Chinese wild camptotheca herb, Chinese redwood herb and Indian kalimeris herb. In the plant seeds, the ryegrass, the cosmos and the bitter wheat are cold-season grass seeds, can normally germinate at the low temperature of 8-15 ℃, and provide the conditions of illumination and humidity for germination of warm-season grass seeds of paspalum natatum, fava and cassia tora.
EXAMPLE five
The non-woven fabric is fixed through an anchor bolt 1; the anchor bolt 1 comprises a horizontal ring part 2 and a vertical bolt part 3; the ring part 2 is a vertical hollow cylindrical ring; the bolt part 3 comprises a neck part 4 which is in a vertical cylindrical shape, the outer diameter of the neck part 4 is equal to the inner diameter of the ring part 2, and the height of the neck part 4 is equal to the height of the ring part 2; neck 4 lower extreme interval is provided with a plurality of vertical inserted sheets 5, and is a plurality of inserted sheet 5 uses the axis of neck 4 as the center, is appearance array setting. A plurality of blocking parts 6 protruding outwards are arranged on the outer side of the inserting piece 5 at intervals in the vertical direction; the upper end of the neck part 4 is provided with a bolt head 7; the outer diameter of the bolt head 7 is larger than the inner diameter of the ring part 2; when the anchor bolt 1 is used, the ring part 2 is sleeved on the outer side of the neck part 4, and the blocking part 6 is used for blocking the ring part 2 to slide downwards. The non-woven fabric is located between the loop 2 and the plug 7.
Through during the fixed non-woven fabrics of crab-bolt 1, will ring portion 2 sets up in the non-woven fabrics below, bolt portion 3 from the non-woven fabrics top downwards pass the non-woven fabrics with ring portion 2, and will 2 covers of ring portion establish the neck 4 outside, behind the inserted sheet 5 insertion side slope soil, the compaction around 1 inserted position of crab-bolt. The fixing effect of the anchor bolt 1 is improved.
The inner sides of the inserting pieces 5 jointly enclose to form a non-closed cavity; the inserting pieces 5 are arranged from top to bottom; the inner diameter is gradually reduced; a through hole 11 vertically penetrates through the bolt head 7 and the neck 4, the through hole 11 is communicated with the cavity, and the through hole 11 is positioned in the center of the bolt head 7; after anchor bolt 1 inserts soil, have the screw rod to insert through-hole 11, and the lower extreme is located in the cavity, the screw rod extrudees to the outside inserted sheet 5. The inserted sheet 5 outside offset makes 6 embedding soil of barrier part in, prevent that the crab-bolt from deviating from soil.
A plurality of rotating seats 8 are arranged at the upper end of the bolt head 7 at intervals; one end of a rotating rod 9 is rotatably connected with the rotating seat 8, and the other end of the rotating rod is fixed with a pressing block 10. After the crab-bolt is installed, will dwang 9 is rotatory to the horizontal direction, 10 suppression non-woven fabrics of briquetting, the area of increase crab-bolt suppression non-woven fabrics makes the non-woven fabrics side slope of laminating more. The outer periphery of the insert 5 is an arc surface; the blocking part 6 is a table structure with a large top and a small bottom, in this embodiment, the upward surface of the blocking part 6 is a horizontal plane, and the downward surface is an arc surface. Each 5 encloses to close and forms a gapped cylindrical structure in side, more conveniently carries and installs. The sphere of blocking part 6 can reduce the degree of difficulty of inserting in soil, and the plane can play the purpose that blocks, avoids the crab-bolt to deviate from soil.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present invention or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for recovering vegetation on a slope of a power transmission and transformation facility in a hilly area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing plant seeds and plant growth mechanism; the plant seeds comprise seeds of plants of Gramineae, Leguminosae and Compositae, and are prepared by soaking seeds of Leguminosae in 50-60 deg.C warm water for 20-30 min, replacing clear water, soaking for 4 hr, filtering to remove water, and mixing with seeds of Gramineae and Compositae; the plant growth mechanism comprises organic soil containing 5% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, original soil, a soil binder, a water-retaining agent, a phosphorus-rich compound fertilizer and a microbial agent; the original soil is slope soil;
loosening the soil of the base layer and digging gully; after 15cm of side slope base soil is turned loose, leveling the side slope soil; a plurality of gullies are reclaimed on the side slope, the width of each gully is 6-8cm, the depth of each gully is 5-6cm, and the distance between every two adjacent gullies is 25-30 cm;
sowing seeds; applying a planting mechanism on the side slope, uniformly stirring the planting mechanism and the side slope base soil, and compacting; after mixing plant seeds and organic soil according to the weight ratio of 1:3, sowing the plant seeds in gullies, and slightly pressing the seeds into the soil;
maintenance management; mixing two parts of organic soil and one part of original soil, covering seeds and compacting, wherein the covering thickness is 1 cm; irrigating the side slope to ensure that the soil penetration depth of the side slope reaches 10 cm; covering the non-woven fabric close to the gully and fixing the non-woven fabric; and measuring the water content of the slope soil on the next day, and irrigating the area with the water content less than 20% to keep the water content above 20%.
2. The hilly area power transmission and transformation facility slope vegetation recovery method of claim 1, wherein the application of the plant biomass meets the following requirements: phosphorus-rich compound fertilizer 12-18g/m2300 g/m of organic soil containing 5% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium212-18g/m of water-retaining agent2(ii) a Carrying out quick-acting phosphorus and PH value detection on the slope soil applied with the plant growth mechanism; adjusting the content of the quick-acting phosphorus in the slope soil by using the phosphorus-rich compound fertilizer to ensure that the content of the quick-acting phosphorus in the slope soil is not lower than 30 mg/kg; and (3) adjusting the pH value of the soil by using a chemical modifier.
3. The method for recovering vegetation on the side slopes of power transmission and transformation facilities in the hilly area as claimed in claim 2, wherein the plant seeds contain leguminous plant seeds in an amount of not less than 20%; the microbial agent comprises a microbial agent of azotobacter, and the vegetative organism is applied2-3g/m of microbial agent capable of meeting nitrogen-fixing bacteria2。
4. The method for recovering the vegetation on the side slopes of the power transmission and transformation facilities in the hilly areas as claimed in claim 3, wherein the plant seeds are prepared according to the weight ratio of paspalum natatum, lolium perenne, gooseberry, hippophae rhamnoides, magnolia multiflora, boswellia chamomile 5.6:3:8: 9:10:7: 1; according to 46.6g/m2Spreading the plant seeds.
5. The method for recovering vegetation on the slope of the power transmission and transformation facilities in the hilly area as claimed in claim 3, wherein the plant seeds are prepared according to the weight ratio of bermuda grass, paspalum, green bristlegrass, goosegrass, cassia tora, magnolia, lespedeza, boswellia esculenta, 4:5.6:8:2:1:9:6:7:5: 2; according to 49.6g/m2Spreading the plant seeds.
6. The method for recovering the vegetation on the side slopes of the power transmission and transformation facilities in the hilly areas as claimed in claim 3, wherein the plant seeds are prepared according to the weight ratio of paspalum natatum, ryegrass, green bristlegrass, goosegrass, cassia tora, hippophae rhamnoides, bitter wheat leaf and 3:2.8:6:1:2:9:6:5:1: 1; according to 36.8g/m2And (5) sowing the plant seeds.
7. The method for recovering vegetation on the slope of the power transmission and transformation facility in the hilly area according to claim 1, wherein the non-woven fabric is fixed by an anchor bolt (1); the anchor bolt (1) comprises a horizontal ring part (2) and a vertical bolt part (3); the ring part (2) is a vertical hollow ring; the bolt part (3) comprises a neck part (4) which is in a vertical cylindrical shape, the outer diameter of the neck part (4) is equal to the inner diameter of the ring part (2), and the height of the neck part (4) is equal to the height of the ring part (2); a plurality of vertical inserting pieces (5) are arranged at the lower end of the neck part (4) at intervals, and a plurality of blocking parts (6) protruding outwards are arranged at the outer side of each inserting piece (5) at intervals along the vertical direction; the upper end of the neck part (4) is provided with a bolt head (7); the outer diameter of the bolt head (7) is larger than the inner diameter of the ring part (2); the ring part (2) is sleeved on the outer side of the neck part (4); the non-woven fabric is located between the ring part (2) and the bolt head (7).
8. The method for recovering the vegetation on the slope of the power transmission and transformation facility in the hilly area according to claim 7, wherein when the anchor bolts (1) are used for fixing the non-woven fabric, the ring part (2) is arranged below the non-woven fabric, the bolt parts (3) penetrate through the non-woven fabric and the ring part (2) from the upper part of the non-woven fabric downwards, the ring part (2) is sleeved outside the neck part (4), and after the insert pieces (5) are inserted into the soil on the slope, the soil around the insertion positions of the anchor bolts (1) is compacted.
9. The method for recovering the vegetation on the side slopes of the power transmission and transformation facilities in the hilly area as claimed in claim 8, wherein the inner sides of the inserting pieces (5) jointly enclose to form an unclosed cavity; the inner diameter of the inserting piece (5) is gradually reduced from top to bottom; a through hole (11) vertically penetrates through the bolt head (7) and the neck (4), the through hole (11) is communicated with the cavity, and the through hole (11) is positioned in the center of the bolt head (7); after anchor bolt (1) inserted soil, there was the screw rod to insert through-hole (11), and the lower extreme is located in the cavity, the screw rod extrudees to the outside inserted sheet (5).
10. The method for recovering vegetation on the side slopes of the power transmission and transformation facilities in the hilly area according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of rotating seats (8) are arranged at intervals at the upper end of the bolt head (7); one end of a rotating rod (9) is rotatably connected with the rotating seat (8), and the other end is fixed with a pressing block (10); the periphery of each inserting piece (5) is an arc-shaped surface, and each inserting piece (5) is enclosed to form a cylindrical structure with a gap on the side surface; the blocking part (6) is of a truncated-cone-shaped structure with a large top and a small bottom.
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