CN1953876B - 复合包装材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

复合包装材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN1953876B
CN1953876B CN2005800152342A CN200580015234A CN1953876B CN 1953876 B CN1953876 B CN 1953876B CN 2005800152342 A CN2005800152342 A CN 2005800152342A CN 200580015234 A CN200580015234 A CN 200580015234A CN 1953876 B CN1953876 B CN 1953876B
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W·T·弗林特
J·L·拜尔斯
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Abstract

提供与印刷机用橡皮布一起使用的复合包装材料，其包括用聚合物化合物在至少一个表面上涂布的基底，例如织物、麻棉布或膜，以提供印刷机用橡皮布组件所需的厚度。所得复合包装材料的厚度为约0.010英寸至约0.067英寸(0.25mm-1.7mm)且基本上体积不可压缩。

Description

复合包装材料的制备方法 
本发明涉及在胶版印刷中与印刷机用橡皮布(blanket)一起使用的不可压缩的复合包装材料，更特别地，涉及改进的包装材料，其包括在提供印刷机用橡皮布组件所需厚度的至少一个表面上的聚合物化合物。 
最常见的商业印刷方法之一是胶版印刷术，其中旋转用具有接受油墨并被油墨覆盖的图像区域的印刷板覆盖的旋转辊筒，以便其表面接触用接受油墨的印刷机用橡皮布覆盖的第二辊筒。在印刷板的图像表面上的油墨转印或者胶印到橡皮布表面上，并使纸张在橡皮布覆盖的辊筒和支持辊筒之间穿过，将图像从橡皮布表面转印到纸张上。 
在其中图像从板转印到橡皮布上和从印刷机用橡皮布转印到纸张上的步骤期间，重要的是在接触表面之间具有紧密接触。这通常通过布置辊筒，以便在接触表面之间存在固定静压(interference)，结果在整个试验过程中压缩橡皮布到固定深度来实现。在一种已知的方法中，这种固定静压通过在橡皮布和/或板与辊筒的表面之间插入一种或更多种不可压缩的包装材料来实现，其中在所述辊筒的表面上，安装它们，以累积橡皮布和/或板的厚度，从而提供均匀的厚度并调节实现良好的油墨转印所需的压力。 
在橡皮布下方所使用的常规的不可压缩的包装材料包括相对薄的聚酯层，例如聚酯膜(Mylar)或者蜡光纸。然而，为了使橡皮布的表面构建成实现充足的静压配合，可能要求多层这些包装材料。这会引起许多处理和安装问题并要求额外的时间安装。此外，一旦在橡皮辊筒上安装，这些包装材料常常倾向于滑动或者滑移，这可使得橡皮布表面不均匀并导致差的印刷质量。 
已开发了含一层或更多层织造织物、橡胶基粘合剂和橡胶基表面层的不可压缩的复合包装材料，其具有比纸张包装材料大的厚度。然而，这种复合包装材料的生产昂贵，这是由于传统的多次通过的制造方法、橡胶基粘合剂和表面层的刮涂以及所使用的织造织物的成本高导致的。这种复合包装材料常常要求至少两层织物以实现所需的低伸长率、高拉伸强度性能。此外，取向在目前的复合包装材料中所使用的织造织物，以便在仅仅一个方向上(典型地纵向)上实现所要求的性能。另外，复合包装材料的缺点是由于所使用的橡胶基胶料和织造织物本身差的压缩变定性能导致在使用过程中厚度损失。因此，当在操作过程中材料倾向于损失厚度(即厚度)时，复合包装材料的寿命下降。 
因此，本领域仍需要低成本、不可压缩的无方向性包装材料，其厚度足以在不需要多层的情况下安装且在其有用的寿命内维持其厚度。 
通过提供可作为单一的完整包装安装的厚度为约0.010英寸(0.25mm)-约0.067英寸(1.7mm)的不可压缩的无方向性的复合包装材料，本发明满足了该需要。该复合包装材料成本低且在其有用的寿命内维持其厚度。 
根据本发明的一个方面，提供与印刷机用橡皮布一起使用的完整的复合包装材料，它包括选自织物、麻棉布和膜中的基底。该基底具有第一和第二表面且包括在第一和第二表面至少一个上的聚合物化合物。优选地，聚合物化合物包括在第一和第二两个表面上。该复合包装材料整体具有基本上均匀的厚度。“基本上均匀的厚度”我们是指厚度仅仅变化约±0.001英寸(0.025mm)。此外，聚合物化合物的表面优选基本上光滑且不含凸纹、凹坑或其它表面缺陷。 
基底优选是选自引纬织物、织造织物和非织造织物中的织物。优选地，基底包括含至少1000旦纱线的引纬织物。 
聚合物化合物选自聚氯乙烯、热塑性弹性体(TPE)、聚氨酯、配混的合成橡胶及其共混物。优选地，聚合物化合物的压缩变定小于约25，更优选小于约10，和最优选小于约4。压缩变定是指对于特定的时间量来说，在压缩到特定厚度之后，组合物不能返回到其起始厚度的量度。优选地，聚合物化合物包括肖氏A硬度为约60-约80的聚氯乙烯。 
可通过提供选自织物、麻棉布和膜中的基底，并施加聚合物化合物到基底的第一和第二表面中的至少一个上，从而容易地制造复合包装材料。可通过常规的涂布或者层压技术施加聚合物化合物。该方法优选进一步包括磨光聚合物化合物包括在其上的基底表面，以调节复合包装材料的厚度到预定厚度。所得复合包装材料优选厚度为至少0.010英寸(0.25mm)和优选基本上体积不可压缩。“体积不可压缩”是指当接受预定的压缩力时，包装材料维持其起始的体积。复合包装材料还优选在经向和纬向具有基本上相同的伸长率和拉伸性能。 
在使用中，复合包装材料可置于印刷机用橡皮布和印刷机用橡皮布安装在其上的橡皮辊筒之间。 
因此，本发明的一个特征是提供成本低且在其有用的寿命内不损失厚度的复合包装材料和方法。根据下述说明、附图和所附的权利要求，本发明的其它特征和优势将变得显而易见。 
图1是根据本发明的复合包装材料的截面视图。 
图2说明了本发明中使用的优选基底的结构。 
图3说明了使用该复合包装材料时的胶版印刷组件；和 
图4说明了沿着图3的线4-4拍摄的印刷机用橡皮辊筒上安装的复合包装材料。 
与现有技术的包装材料相比，本发明的复合包装材料提供许多优势，因为它具有较大的厚度，结果不要求多层材料。另外，该复合包装材料可低成本地生产，并当与印刷机用橡皮布一起在胶版印刷应用中使用时，提供确保良好的印刷质量和长的寿命所需的所需厚度、厚度保留、伸长率和拉伸强度性能。 
图1说明了复合包装材料10，它包括其中优选用聚合物化合物18在两侧上涂布或层压的具有第一和第二表面14和16的基底12。 
在本发明中使用的优选基底是如图2所示的引纬织物20，它用以对称的9×9图案(在经向22上9根纱线/英寸和在纬向24上9根纱线/英寸)铺网的至少1000旦的合成长丝纱制造。这种织物可商购。优选这一平衡的结构，这是因为在纱线之间的所得开放空间允许聚合物化合物当施加到两个表面上时通过开口匹配并在不需要粘合促进剂的情况下形成良好的粘合性。若引纬织物被涂布或层压到仅仅一侧上，则优选更致密的结构且可要求粘合促进剂。 
尽管纱线的优选排列是对称的，但也可通过改变支数(即每一单位上的纱线数，例如在纬向和/或经向上每英寸上的纱线数量)、在每一方向上所使用的纱线的旦数和类型，以便在纬向和经向两个方向上维持拉伸和伸长率性能在大致相当的水平下，从而使用非对称的排列。例如，若支数增加，则可使用较低旦数的纱线，以维持所需的拉伸和伸长率性能。在支数相应地下降的情况下，也可使用较高旦数的纱线。 
包装材料的优选拉伸强度大于2001bs(90.7kg)，但应当理解，若在没有张紧的情况下，在辊筒和印刷机用橡皮布之间插入包装材料，则拉伸强度可以显著较小。优选的伸长率小于约1.5％，但若在没有张紧的情况下插入包装材料，则也可较高。尽管优选拉伸和伸长强度在纬向和经向两个方向上基本上相同，但应当理解，为了实现所需的性能，它们相同这一点并不是关键的。 
基底的厚度可根据所使用的纱线的旦数和类型而变化，但对于由1000旦的纱线制造的织物来说，典型地为约0.010英寸-约0.015英寸(约0.25-约0.38mm)。应当理解，通过聚合物涂层的用量和随后的磨光步骤来控制最终复合包装材料的厚度和厚度公差。 
尽管引纬织物是优选的基底，但可使用其它基底材料，其中包括，但不限于，织造和非织造织物、麻棉布、膜和穿孔膜、尽管基底优选为单层形式，但也可结合多层织物和/或膜成为完整的包装材料，以实现所需的厚度、伸长率和拉伸强度性能。例如，可使用非织造织物作为在复合包装材料内部或者外表面之上的成本有效的空间填充层。 
也可将可压缩层掺入到复合包装材料内。这种可压缩层优选包括热塑性微球，所述热塑性微球可掺入到聚合物化合物层之一内或者作为基底和聚合物化合物之间的独立层。在本发明的包装材料中使用的优选的聚合物化合物是柔性聚氯乙烯(PVC)化合物。PVC化合物的肖氏A硬度范围应当为约60-80，和压缩变定应当小于约25，更优选小于约10，和最优选小于约4。这种PVC化合物是可商购的。PVC化合物也可与其它聚合物，例如丁腈橡胶、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、氯化聚乙烯和乙烯乙酸乙烯酯共混。也可使用由诸如聚氨酯和合成橡胶之类的材料制造的其它柔性聚合物化合物，只要它们显示出所需的低压缩变定性能即可。 
通过涂布或层压，以常规方式施加聚合物化合物到基底上，且优选以使得最小化或避免在所得层内的孔隙的方式施加。由于织物内多孔的空间或者间隙，因此所得复合包装材料可具有“凹坑”表面，所述凹坑表面可在最终的制造步骤中通过磨光材料而除去，在复合材料上提供基本上光滑的表面。磨光步骤还起到调节总厚度和实现所需厚度公差的作用。 
现参考图3和4，结合在印刷辊筒上的印刷机用橡皮布结构，示出了复合包装材料10。如图4所示，复合包装材料10位于印刷机用橡皮布26和印刷辊筒28之间。在使用中，旋转用含有油墨的印刷板覆盖的旋转辊筒25，以使它接触包含有印刷机用橡皮布和复合包装材料的辊筒28。印刷辊筒28然后接触支持辊筒30，以便可将来自印刷机用橡皮布的图像转印到在印刷机用橡皮辊筒和支持辊筒之间穿过的纸张基底32上。 
详细地并参考本发明的优选实施方案描述了本发明，要理解在没有脱离本发明范围的情况下的改变和变化是可能的。 

Claims (8)

1.制造与印刷机用橡皮布一起使用的不可压缩的复合包装材料的方法，该方法包括：
提供具有第一和第二表面的基底，所述基底选自织物、麻棉布和膜；
施加选自聚氯乙烯、聚氨酯、配混的合成橡胶和它们的共混物中的聚合物化合物到所述基底的所述第一和第二表面中至少一个上；所述聚合物化合物的肖氏A硬度为60-80并且压缩变定小于25；和
磨光在其上包括所述聚合物化合物的所述基底的表面形成光滑表面。
2.权利要求1的方法，其中所述基底包括含至少1000旦纱线的引纬织物。
3.权利要求1的方法，其中所述聚合物化合物的压缩变定小于10。
4.权利要求1的方法，其中所述聚合物化合物的压缩变定小于4。
5.权利要求1的方法，其中通过涂布施加所述聚合物化合物。
6.权利要求1的方法，其中通过层压施加所述聚合物化合物。
7.权利要求1的方法，其中将所述聚合物化合物施加到所述基底的所述第一和第二表面上。
8.权利要求1的方法，其中所述复合包装材料的厚度介于0.010英寸至0.067英寸(0.25mm-1.7mm)。
CN2005800152342A 2004-05-14 2005-05-16 复合包装材料的制备方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1953876B (zh)

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US7498274B2 (en) 2009-03-03
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ATE449687T1 (de) 2009-12-15
CA2562847C (en) 2012-04-24
DE602005017889D1 (de) 2010-01-07
US20050255767A1 (en) 2005-11-17
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EP1755902B1 (en) 2009-11-25

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