Background technology
Gout (Gout) be a kind of because purine metabolic disturbance produce too much uric acid and (or) urate excretion reduces, and accumulate a kind of metabolic disease due to the precipitation in vivo, clinical manifestation is: acute gouty arthritis, tophus deposition, gouty arthritis,chronic, gouty nephropathy, uric acid urinary system calculus or the like.Along with people's raising of quality of life, prevalence also is ascendant trend year by year.Though gout does not directly jeopardize patient's life, but the pain when falling ill, the infringement that health is caused, the live and work that the required expense of treatment has all had a strong impact on the patient bring huge economy of patient and mental burden.
The generation of gout mainly is because uric acid precipitates in the soft tissue in vivo, thereby causes a series of pathological changes.Modern medicine is generally undertaken by acute stages treated, intermission and chronic phase treatment the treatment of gout, and wherein acute stages treated mainly is the outbreak that stops acute arthritis quickly and effectively, the following medicine of normal use:
(1) colchicine: can suppress the leukocyte recruitment of inflammation joint part, the effect of leukocytes phagocytic uric acid is weakened, so local leukocyte destroys the inflammatory reaction that causes and just alleviates, and reaches the purpose of rapid antiinflammatory; In addition, this medicine suppresses the effect of cell mitogen in addition, inflammatory reaction is obstructed, for preventing inflammation, pain relieving that specially good effect is arranged,, can make the remission in 24-48 hour after medication of 90% above case in case suspect or shown effect and to have used as early as possible, so drug of first choice the during outbreak of Chang Zuowei gout, but this medicine does not have the uric acid reducing effect, and toxic reaction is big after the medication, shows as: 1. digestive tract reaction: as nausea,vomiting,diarrhea etc.; 2. bone marrow toxicity reaction: leukopenia, aplastic anemia etc.; 3. liver injury: cause abnormal liver function; 4. kidney damage: albuminuria can occur; 5. other side effect: comprise alopecia, skin allergy, spirit depressing etc.
(2) NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug): indometacin (having another name called indomethacin) commonly used, can suppress the synthetic of prostaglandin strongly and produce tangible antiinflammatory, analgesic, analgesic activity.Common adverse effect is a digestive tract reaction: as feeling sick, vomit, suffer from abdominal pain, suffering from diarrhoea, can bring out ulcerative hemorrhage even perforation; Also have tangible teratogenesis, liver function injury, inhibition hemopoietic system, allergy etc.
(3) glucocorticoid: in above-mentioned two class medicines invalid or when taboo, use, and generally need not be good (easily knock-on).Multiple untoward reaction can appear.
Wherein intermission and chronic phase treatment: mainly be to control blood uric acid at normal level, the organ function that control and protection have injured; Wherein promote the urate excretion medicine, be applicable to hyperuricemia phase and intermission and chronic phase, the following medicine of normal use:
(1) probenecid: can suppress xanthine oxidase, and then make the synthetic minimizing of uric acid, reduce uric acid concentration in the blood, reduce the deposition of urate at osteoarthrosis and kidney.Side effect is gastrointestinal reaction, heating, erythra, and the treatment initial stage can make gout increase the weight of or cause the transitivity acute gouty arthritis.
(2) sulfinpyrazone: but uric acid concentration in the reduction blood is drained in the competitive inhibition urate from urine thereby increase uric acid in proximal convoluted tubule active absorption again; Faint antiinflammatory and analgesic activity are arranged.Side effect is gastrointestinal reaction and nephrotoxicity, thrombocytopenia and granulocytopenia behind the life-time service.
(3) benzbromarone: have and suppress the Reabsorption of renal tubules, thereby reduce uric acid concentration in the blood to uric acid.Side effect mainly is a gastrointestinal reaction, and individual patient can be brought out renal colic and acute gouty arthritis outbreak.
And suppress the uric acid synthetic drug, be applicable to the too much person of uricopoiesis, or be unsuitable for using promotion urate excretion medicine person, common drug is an allopurinol, can suppress xanthine oxidase, and the blocking-up xanthine is converted into uric acid, reduce uric acid concentration in the blood, reduce the calmness of urate at bone, joint and kidney.Side effect has heating, erythra, hepatic and kidney function obstacle, bone marrow depression etc.
Because hyperuricemia and patient with gout are on the increase in recent years, modern medicine is gone up its treatment and is had bigger deficiency in addition, thereby wishes seeking breakthrough in Chinese medicine.A large amount of clinical reports about Chinese medicine hyperuricemia and gout are arranged at present, and shown curative effect preferably.
The Chinese medicine aspect should be at the basic pathogenesis of its damp and hot phlegm-turbidity and blood stasis resistance, the imbalance of liver spleen renal function.And consider that its acute stage is real to mark, have different based on deficiency in origin of deficiency in origin and intermission and chronic phase concurrently.Treatment at its acute stage just should be based on clearing away heat-damp and promoting diuresis, removing obstruction in the collateral to relieve pain, dual-purpose spleen invigorating, liver and kidney tonifying; Intermission and chronic phase be based on spleen invigorating, liver and kidney tonifying, the clearing away heat-damp and promoting diuresis of holding concurrently.The treatment of gout acute stage accounts for critical role in the whole treatment of goat; The treatment of intermission and chronic phase is then mainly to control serum uric acid level, to prevent complication.Therefore, at acute stage be main, take into account intermission and paracmastic clearing away heat-damp and promoting diuresis, the removing obstruction in the collateral to relieve pain method very necessity that in the treatment of goat, just seems.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is basic pathogenesis, a kind of have clearing away heat-damp and promoting diuresis, removing obstruction in the collateral to relieve pain effect are provided, treat the Chinese medicine composition of the gout that causes because of dampness and heat stasis at the gout dampness and heat stasis.
Another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of a kind of above-mentioned Chinese medicine composition tablet, granule or capsule.
Last purpose of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of Chinese medicine composition for the treatment of gout, and it is the medicament of being made by the raw material of Chinese medicine of following weight percentage ratio: Cortex Phellodendri 2~40%, Rhizoma Atractylodis 5~50%, Caulis Lonicerae 5~50%, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 2~40%, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 5~50%, Radix Paeoniae Rubra 5~50%, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae 2~40%, Herba Lysimachiae 8~58%.
The preferred weight percent of each raw material of Chinese medicine is in above-mentioned a kind of Chinese medicine composition for the treatment of gout: Cortex Phellodendri 5~20%, Rhizoma Atractylodis 8~25%, Caulis Lonicerae 8~25%, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 5~20%, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 8~25%, Radix Paeoniae Rubra 8~25%, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae 5~25%, Herba Lysimachiae 10~30%.
Above-mentioned a kind of Chinese medicine composition for the treatment of gout, described medicament is meant tablet, granule or capsule.
The present invention is that to select SIMIAO WAN for use be main, form through adding to simplify to cut out, former side comes from the Zhang Bingcheng's of the Qing Dynasty " become conveniently read " book, Cortex Phellodendri bitter in the mouth, cold in nature in the side, heat clearing and damp drying is arranged, pathogenic fire purging remove to be steamed, and the function of skin ulcer is treated in detoxifcation, and that alkaloids such as the berberine in the Cortex Phellodendri have is analgesic, antiinflammatory, antiplatelet aggregation and immune raising effect; Rhizoma Atractylodis are drying damp and strengthening spleen, expelling wind and cold, make eye bright, and can be used for rheumatic arthralgia, and pharmacology test confirms that Rhizoma Atractylodis can improve the animals with spleen deficiency metabolic function, improves erythrocytic function, and oxygen lack resistant function is arranged; Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae invigorating the liver and kidney, bone and muscle strengthening, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae extract have human body immunity improving function, analgesia, diuresis, analgesic, anti-inflammation detumescence, stablize the inflammatory cell effect, and total Saponin presents better analgesia and promoting blood circulation and stopping pain effect, and polysaccharide can strengthen the humoral immunization effect; Caulis Lonicerae sweet in the mouth, cold in nature has heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, and dispelling wind collateral dredging function is usually used in the epidemic febrile disease heating, toxic-heat and blood stasis, carbuncle skin infection, rheumatism pyretic arthralgia, redness and swelling of joints burning pain; Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae dehumidifying, detoxifcation, but easing joint movement; Radix Paeoniae Rubra clearing away heat and cooling blood, eliminating stasis to stop pain; The Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae wind-damp dispelling, clearing away damp-heat, stopping numbness pain can be used for rheumatic arthralgia, the contracture of muscle arteries and veins, joint is ached; Herba Lysimachiae eliminating damp-heat, treating stranguria, detumescence.Rhizoma Atractylodis, the heat clearing away of Cortex Phellodendri energy dampness significantly suppress the effect of mice contact dermatitis, and both are combined with enhancing trend, and can suppress allergy, and the product of giving birth to are the strongest to acute antiinflammatory action; Cortex Phellodendri is closed Rhizoma Atractylodis extensively treating dampness up and down, and antibiotic and remarkable salt discharge effect is arranged.
Back of the present invention one purpose is achieved in that a kind of preparation method for the treatment of the Chinese medicine composition of gout, comprises the steps: that (1) weigh by the crude drug percentage by weight, and is standby; (2) Rhizoma Atractylodis in will filling a prescription extract volatile oil, make volatile oil clathrate compound I with beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound, and are standby; (3) Rhizoma Atractylodis medicinal residues and Caulis Lonicerae, the Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae that will extract volatile oil decocts with water twice, merges decoction liquor, is condensed into concentrated solution II, and be standby; (4) with Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae and Herba Lysimachiae with 70% alcohol reflux secondary, filter, merging filtrate reclaims ethanol; Filtrate and concentrated solution II merge, and concentrating under reduced pressure is 1.20~1.30/60 ℃ of thick paste II I; (5) get Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae with 70% alcohol reflux secondary, filter, merging filtrate reclaims ethanol, and concentrating under reduced pressure is 1.20~1.30/60 ℃ of thick paste I V; (6) with above two kinds of thick paste II I, IV difference vacuum drying, be ground into fine powder, add the active component that volatile oil clathrate compound I promptly becomes medicine of the present invention; (7) active component is mixed with adjuvant commonly used, make tablet, granule or capsule.
Above-mentioned a kind of preparation method for the treatment of the Chinese medicine composition of gout adds 6 times of water gagings at every turn in the step (3), decocted 1 hour.
Add for the first time 6 times of amount ethanol in the above-mentioned a kind of preparation method for the treatment of the Chinese medicine composition of gout, step (4), add 5 times of amount ethanol for the second time, each heating and refluxing extraction 2 hours.
Add for the first time 5 times of amount ethanol in the above-mentioned a kind of preparation method for the treatment of the Chinese medicine composition of gout, step (5), add 4 times of amount ethanol for the second time, each heating and refluxing extraction 2 hours.
Preparation method of the present invention, according to the character of the effective ingredient of each medical material,, after refining purification, can better bring into play drug effect by adopting different extracting method to extract its effective ingredient to raw medicinal material, easier being absorbed by the body improved the bioavailability of raw medicinal material.
Chinese medicine composition of the present invention, toxicity, test of pesticide effectiveness research and individual clinical effectiveness through relevant have remarkable result to the gout that causes because of dampness and heat stasis.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail, but does not constitute any limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Prescription: Cortex Phellodendri 270g, Rhizoma Atractylodis 450g, Caulis Lonicerae 480g, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 360g, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 480g, Radix Paeoniae Rubra 480g, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae 360g, Herba Lysimachiae 750g
Preparation method:
(1) weigh by the crude drug proportioning, standby;
(2) Rhizoma Atractylodis are extracted volatile oil, volatile oil is made volatile oil clathrate compound I with beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound, and is standby;
(3) Rhizoma Atractylodis medicinal residues and Caulis Lonicerae, the Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae that will extract volatile oil decocts with water twice, adds 6 times of water gagings at every turn, decocts 1 hour, merges decoction liquor, is condensed into concentrated solution II, and be standby;
(4) with Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae and Herba Lysimachiae with 70% alcohol reflux secondary, add 6 times of amount ethanol for the first time, add 5 times of amount ethanol for the second time, each heating and refluxing extraction 2 hours filters, merging filtrate reclaims ethanol; Filtrate and concentrated solution II merge, and concentrating under reduced pressure is 1.25~1.30/60 ℃ of thick paste II I;
(5) get Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae with 70% alcohol reflux secondary, add 5 times of amount ethanol for the first time, heating and refluxing extraction 2 hours, add for the second time 4 times of amount ethanol, heating and refluxing extraction 2 hours filters, merging filtrate reclaims ethanol, and concentrating under reduced pressure is 1.25~1.30/60 ℃ of thick paste I V;
(6) with above two kinds of thick paste II I, IV difference vacuum drying, be ground into fine powder, add the active component that volatile oil clathrate compound I promptly becomes medicine of the present invention;
(7) active component is mixed with the convas tablet adjuvant, granulate, be pressed into 1000; Or mix with granule adjuvant commonly used, granulate, be distributed into 250 bags; Or mix the back with capsule adjuvant commonly used and granulate, dress up 1000 seed lac wafers.
The dose of tablet is: each 4, and every day three times;
The dose of capsule is: each 4, and every day three times;
The dose of granule is: each 1 bag, and every day three times.
Embodiment 2
Prescription: Cortex Phellodendri 225g, Rhizoma Atractylodis 375g, Caulis Lonicerae 400g, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 300g, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 400g, Radix Paeoniae Rubra 400g, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae 300g, Herba Lysimachiae 625g
Preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, makes 1000 tablets or 1000 seed lac wafers equally or is distributed into 250 bags.
Embodiment 3
Prescription: Cortex Phellodendri 180g, Rhizoma Atractylodis 300g, Caulis Lonicerae 320g, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 240g, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 320g, Radix Paeoniae Rubra 320g, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae 240g, Herba Lysimachiae 500g
Preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, makes 1000 tablets of tablets or 1000 seed lac wafers equally or is distributed into 250 bags.
Experimental example 1
The acute toxicity test data
Method and observation: mice oral administration gavage the foregoing description tablet, under 57.2g crude drug/kg dosage, the light activity minimizing appears in the 30min mice after the administration, recover normal about 2 hours, observed 7 days continuously after the administration, none animal dead, its overall health of patients, diet, to take the photograph water, defecation and body weight gain all normal.
Experimental result shows: the maximum dosage-feeding of mice oral administration gavage Chinese medicine composition tablet of the present invention is 57.2g crude drug/kg/d (LD50>57.2g crude drug/kg).The clinical application total amount of being grown up the every day of Chinese medicine composition tablet of the present invention is 0.06g crude drug/kg/d; Press weighing machine, the dosis tolerata of mouse stomach Chinese medicine composition tablet of the present invention is 953 times of clinical adult's consumption.Point out this medicine acute toxicity low, clinical drug safety.
Experimental example 2
Long term toxicity test and documents and materials
Method and observation: select the SD rat for use, give variable concentrations (0.9,2.7, the Chinese medicine composition tablet of the present invention of 8.1g crude drug/kg), every day gastric infusion once, continuous 90 days, respectively organized 10 animals (male and female half and half) extremely that live in 24 hours after the last administration, all the other 10 animals continuation observation 2 all backs are extremely alive.Duration of test is observed outward appearance, general behavior, the body weight change of animal, after the administration 90 days and carry out the hematology in 2 weeks of drug withdrawal and index inspections such as serum biochemistry, urine biochemistry, organ coefficient, histopathology.
Result of the test shows: each treated animal general state is good, all no abnormal variation of outward appearance sign, behavioral activity, body weight gain; Three dosage groups and matched group hematological examination, blood biochemical are learned, the urine biochemical analysis is all in normal range, do not have significant difference between group; Each is organized main organs and organizes and do not see that pathology relevant with medicine change.The These parameters drug withdrawal is not seen change after 2 weeks yet.This test dosage is respectively 15,45,135 times of clinical medicine dose, show according to result of the test: basic, normal, high three dosage of Chinese medicine composition of the present invention (0.9,2.7, the 8.1g crude drug/kg) administration in continuous 90 days does not have obvious influence to rat, no clear and definite toxicity target organ and sensitive indicator, the retardance toxic reaction is not seen in the convalescent period observation yet, points out the dosage safety of Chinese medicine composition clinical practice of the present invention higher.
Experimental example 3
The Pharmacodynamic test of active extract data
Chinese medicine composition of the present invention all has significant analgesia role to glacial acetic acid lumbar injection and thermostimulation induced mice pain.Glacial acetic acid induced mice abdominal cavity capillary permeability is increased and acute inflammation model such as the swelling of rat carrageenan toes, dimethylbenzene induced mice auricle edema all has obvious inhibitory action.The bullate subacute inflammation model of rat granuloma also there is certain inhibitory action.
Employing micro-crystal type uric acid sodium is induced rabbit acute arthritis model, micro-crystal type uric acid sodium causes the ankle swelling in rat method and hypoxanthine causes the mice hyperuricemia model, observes the gout effect of Chinese medicine composition of the present invention.
The result shows: Chinese medicine composition of the present invention can obviously reduce leukocytic quantity in the rabbit synovial membrane liquid, alleviates synovial tissue's edema degree, reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cell, suppress micro-crystal type uric acid sodium and induce the swelling of rat toes, and can obviously reduce hyperuricemia mice serum uric acid level.
The above pharmacological testing of Chinese medicine composition of the present invention shows that this medical instrument has analgesia, antiinflammatory, gout effect, for the clinical goat that is used for due to the dampness and heat stasis provides experimental basis.
Experimental example 4
Individual case
Case one
The patient blue certain, male, 50 years old, first visit on May 25 in 2004.The right sufficient big toe of patient swelled and ache 1 month, increased the weight of 3 days.Before the patient 1 month, because of the food seafood and drink the back in night the right sufficient big toe that happens suddenly swell and ache, at the uric acid 568umol/L that has a blood test of this city hospital, be thought of as gouty arthritis, give treatments such as colchicine, symptom makes moderate progress, the right sufficient big toe of no obvious inducement swells and ache and increases the weight of before 4 days, satisfies and goes to a doctor.Disease is seen: right sufficient big toe red and swollen heat pain, the local tenderness dare not be walked with stepping on, poor appetite, red tongue, yellow and greasy fur, stringy and rolling pulse, the uric acid 532umol/L that has a blood test, dialectical genus dampness and heat stasis, the suitable clearing away heat-damp and promoting diuresis of treatment, removing obstruction in the collateral to relieve pain.It is as follows to write out a prescription: Cortex Phellodendri 5g, Rhizoma Atractylodis 10g, Caulis Lonicerae 15g, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 15g, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 15g, Radix Paeoniae Rubra 12g, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae 12g, Herba Lysimachiae 20g, 7 doses, 1 dose of day, decocting divides clothes 2 times.The food of period in a medicine fasting purine-containing class.One week back further consultation, swelling and ache obviously alleviates, and can walk, and imitates more not just, continues and obeys 15 pairs, and symptom all disappears.Check blood uric acid 359umol/L.With examining not recurrence in 2 years.
Case two
The patient, man, 29 years old, first visit on October 14 in 2005.Main suit: right 1 week of thumb congestion and swelling pain.History of present illness: right thumb congestion and swelling pain, companion's burning sensation, xerostomia is thirsty, flushing conjunctival congestion.Susceptible to lose temper due to restlessness, big dry stool, delegation on the 2nd, red tongue yellow and greasy fur, slippery and rapid pulse; Lab testing: blood uric acid 515umol/L.Chinese medical discrimination: dampness and heat stasis meridians.Legislation: clearing away heat and eliminating dampness, removing obstruction in the collateral to relieve pain.Side's medicine: Cortex Phellodendri 6g, Rhizoma Atractylodis 10g, Caulis Lonicerae 18g, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 15g, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 18g, Radix Paeoniae Rubra 15g, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae 15g, Herba Lysimachiae 25g, to examine again after 7 doses, the right thumb congestion and swelling pain of patient disappears, and it is more than half, mouth is little thirsty, susceptible to lose temper due to restlessness, and all diseases of flushing conjunctival congestion are removed, the red tongue yellow fur, the rolling pulse decimal.After entering 14 doses in the place ahead again, all diseases are known flat, blood uric acid: 380umol/L.
Case three
Lin, man, 38 years old.First visit on June 8 in 2006.Repeated relapsing left side toes swelled and ache 3 years, and the right hand referred to pain 3 days.Patient's burst left side foot first metatarsophalangeal joints halluces after 3 years causes are drunk swells and ache, and the heating of companion's redness has difficulty in going to sleep.After taking anti-inflammatory analgetic class medicine such as ibuprofen etc., can alleviate.Drink whenever later on or edible delicious food savoury easily shows effect, painful area is fixed in the left side foot first metatarsophalangeal joints halluces.Beginning outbreak, to take anti-inflammatory analgetic class effect of drugs obvious, and it is not obvious to obey the prodrug curative effect over nearly 1 year.Because of finding right hand forefinger finger and palm joint pain behind the drinking beer, the companion is red and swollen to generate heat before 3 days, and pain is to ask night to very, and be difficult to stand, other joints do not have discomfort.Receive can, stool is transferred, yellow urine is because of pain influence sleep.Red tongue, corpulent tongue, there is indentation on the limit, yellow and greasy fur, stringy and rolling pulse number.Have a medical check-up: right hand forefinger finger and palm joint redness, that touches is scorching hot, tenderness (+), function limitation.Lab testing: blood uric acid 536umol/L, rheumatoid factor 28.6IU/mL, anti-" 0 ", erythrocyte sedimentation rate, blood urea nitrogen are all normal.Diagnosis: arthromyodynia (gouty arthritis).Card belongs to damp-heat congestion type.Control suitable clearing away heat-damp and promoting diuresis, reducing swelling and alleviating pain.Medicinal Cortex Phellodendri 6g, Rhizoma Atractylodis 12g, Caulis Lonicerae 20g, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae 15g, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae 20g, Radix Paeoniae Rubra 15g, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae 15g, Herba Lysimachiae 30g take 7 doses of tops, and congestion and swelling pain obviously alleviates, the slight heating that touch in the affected part, receive can, the peace of sleeping night, two just transfer, red tongue, yellow and thin fur, stringy and rolling pulse.Keep the top, obey 14 doses again with the card plus-minus, pain disappears, and the affected part is still slight red and swollen, and the matter of touching is soft, and surgical operation is severed and seen tiny calculus.Still based on the top, plus-minus is taken 10 doses, and all disease knowing are removed.Check blood uric acid, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, anti-" 0 ", rheumatoid factor are all normal.Follow up a case by regular visits to not recurrence.