CN1925820A - 短裤护垫 - Google Patents
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Abstract
公开了一种卫生巾,该卫生巾包括流体可渗透的顶片、流体可渗透的底片和设置在顶片和底片之间的吸收芯。所述卫生巾可以是一种短裤护垫。所述吸收芯包括限定芯部外周边的相对亲水材料。所述顶片和所述底片包括相对疏水的非织造材料,顶片和底片中的至少一个限定基本大于芯部外周边的卫生巾的外周边。所述芯部外周边与所述卫生巾的外周边之间的区域为透气区域。所述卫生巾还包括位于底片和吸收芯之间的流体不可渗透的阻碍层,所述阻碍层设置在芯部外周边内。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一次性吸收装置,更具体地讲涉及旨在供妇女使用的装置,例如卫生巾、短裤护垫等。
背景技术
妇女主要在月经期使用卫生巾来接收和容纳月经和其它阴道流出物以保护衣服免受污染。卫生巾典型地具有将装置暂时粘附到使用者的内衣(通常为女性内裤)裆区的粘附部件。
短裤护垫与卫生巾的作用基本相同,主要区别在于总体尺寸,包括厚度。短裤护垫通常体积较小,并且其被设计用来保护使用者的衣服不受相对少量的阴道流出物的污染。
许多妇女习惯于在月经期间穿戴吸收装置来保护她们衣服免受任何月经流出物(包括少量的尿道排出物和有时包括肛门排出物)污染。因为对于持续穿戴而言卫生巾的体积通常太大,因此此类使用者通常使用短裤护垫。
多数短裤护垫具有通常称为底片的不透气的背衬层。例如,典型短裤护垫的底片可以是流体不可渗透的聚合物薄膜。流体不可渗透层阻止吸收到装置内的流体湿透使用者的衣服。然而,由于吸收芯捕获了水分,因此流体不可渗透层还使短裤护垫发热并令人感到不适。
已知短裤护垫可提供透气背衬层,例如透气聚合物薄膜或非织造纤维网背衬层。通常,这种背衬层是液体不可渗透的但蒸汽可透过的层,所述背衬层在阻止污染使用者的衣服的同时允许蒸汽的交换。例如,1977年11月22日授予Richards的美国专利4,059,114公开了具有水分阻碍层片的一次性衣服罩,其由不可以渗透流体但可以渗透蒸汽的吹制微纤维网构造。同样,1987年7月21日授予Anderson等人的美国专利4,681,587公开了一种短裤护垫之类的吸收制品,该制品具有至少一个透气区域,该区域允许蒸汽通过以提供干爽的效果,使得短裤护垫穿着更舒服。
尽管这些可透气的短裤护垫确实提供了相对于普通不可渗透的短裤护垫的某些改进措施,但舒适性、衣服污染、干燥和蒸汽交换(透气性)仍然是关键的设计事项。因此,人们一直在寻找能够在提供更有效的蒸汽流通的同时提供较好的液体存留和吸收的吸收装置。
发明内容
公开了一种卫生巾,该卫生巾包括流体可渗透的顶片、流体可渗透的底片和设置在顶片与底片之间的吸收芯。该卫生巾可以是一种短裤护垫。该吸收芯包括了限定芯部外周边的相对亲水材料。所述顶片和所述底片包括相对疏水的非织造材料,顶片和底片中的至少一个限定基本大于芯部外周边的卫生巾的外周边。所述芯部外周边和所述卫生巾外周边之间的区域为透气区域。该卫生巾还包括位于底片和吸收芯之间的流体不可渗透的阻碍层,所述流体不可渗透的阻碍层设置在芯部外周边内。
附图说明
图1是本发明短裤护垫的局部剖透视图。
图2A是图1所示短裤护垫的一个实施方案中的横截面2-2的剖面图。
图2B是图1所示短裤护垫的另一个实施方案中的横截面2-2的剖面图。
具体实施方式
本发明吸收制品的一个优选的实施方案,一种卫生巾(可能是一种短裤护垫10)以局部剖透视图显示在图1中和以横截面图显示在2A与2B中。尽管在短裤护垫的一个尤其优选的实施方案中公开了本发明,但所描述的发明也可认为是卫生巾,并且下文所有关于短裤护垫的描述也可以是卫生巾,其间具有某种程度的差别,而不是种类的差别。本发明还可以是成人失禁装置、肛门排放物衬垫和唇间衬垫等。
短裤护垫具有两个末端区域12和14和一个中间区域16。短裤护垫10具有与使用者的身体接触的面向身体侧15和与使用者的内衣的内表面接触的面向衣服侧17。面向衣服侧17上可具有用来固定到穿着者内衣的压敏粘合剂(未示出)。典型地,这种粘合剂上覆盖了剥离带,在固定到内衣之前需要移除剥离带。
虽然短裤护垫10可具有本领域已知的任何形状,但优选的形状为大致“沙漏”形,从末端区域之一的一部分相对较大的横向宽度到中间区域相对较小的横向宽度逐渐向内变窄。通常将横向宽度限定为与限定为长度尺寸垂直的尺寸,该尺寸从末端区域12延伸到平行于纵向中心线L的末端区域14。还可以提供具有本领域通常称为“翼”或“翅”的横向伸出部(未示出)的短裤护垫,其旨在延伸越过并覆盖使用者的内衣裆区的女性内裤的弹性部件。
短裤护垫10具有吸收芯20,在使用期间吸收芯用来吸收并存贮身体的流体排放物。可以采用本领域的普通技术人员熟知的任何材料构成吸收芯20。这些材料的实施例包括多层绉纱纤维素填料层片、软毛纤维素纤维、木浆纤维(也称为透气毡)、纺织纤维、纤维共混物、纤维团或絮、聚合物纤维网以及聚合物纤维的共混物。在一个优选的实施方案中,吸收芯20为相对亲水的。术语“相对亲水的”是指芯部20相对于透气区域(如下所述)内卫生巾10的部分(其是相对疏水的)是亲水的。可采用本领域已知的任意数量的方法来确定亲水性,包括供参考的表面上的流体接触角。然而,在本发明中相对亲水性是重要的,使得卫生巾/流体系统内的表面张力趋于将卫生巾上滞留的流体吸入吸收芯20中。
在一个优选的实施方案中,吸收芯20相对较薄,其厚度小于约2mm,优选小于约1mm,更优选小于约0.5mm。所述吸收芯可包括吸收胶凝材料(AGM),其包括AGM纤维。在一个实施方案中,吸收芯20为定量介于约50gsm和约100gsm之间的气流成网纤维素材料。在一个实施方案中,所述吸收芯为63gsm(60gsm气流成网+5%重量AGM纤维形式),其以商品名VH063.200.B001购自德国Concert GmbH。在另一个实施方案中,芯部可以是定量介于约50gsm和约100gsm之间的梳理气流成网非织造纤维材料。在一个实施方案中,吸收芯为80gsm的梳理气流成网非织造纤维网,该纤维网包括2.2dtex的亲水聚丙烯纤维和10dtex的超吸收纤维,其以商品名Sawabond 24-00-32购自Sandler。
吸收芯20可以切割成某种形状,其外边缘限定芯部周边30。吸收芯20的形状可以为大致矩形、圆形、椭圆形和椭圆形等。吸收芯20可相对于纵向中心线L和横向中心线T大致定心。
为了给短裤护垫10的面向衣服侧提供某种程度的柔软性和蒸汽渗透性,在邻近吸收芯20的面向衣服侧上的吸收芯20提供了蒸汽可渗透的外层(本文是指底片22)。底片22可由本领域已知的蒸汽可透过的任何材料制成。底片22可以是本领域已知的微孔薄膜、开孔成型膜或其它可渗透蒸汽或使其具有蒸汽渗透性能的聚合物薄膜。优选的材料为柔软、光滑、适形、可渗透液体和蒸汽的材料,例如非织造纤维网。非织造纤维网提供了舒适的柔软性和适形能力,并且产生较低的噪声,使得在运动时不会引起令人厌烦的噪声。
在一个优选的实施方案中,底片22为非织造纤维网,其具有介于约20gsm和约50gsm之间的定量。在一个实施方案中,底片是一种23gsm的相对疏水的4旦聚丙烯纤维的纺粘非织造纤维网,其以商品名F102301001购自Fiberweb Neuberger。
为了提供接近身体的柔软性,短裤护垫10可具有面向身体层,本文称其为顶片26。顶片26可由任何柔软、光滑、适形或多孔材料制成,其对于皮肤是舒适的且可以渗透阴道流出物。顶片26可以包括纤维非织造纤维网,并且可以包括本领域已知的纤维,包括双组分纤维和异形纤维。在一个实施方案中,是一种相对疏水的15gsm的纺粘非织造纤维网,其包括以商品名10XXN008005购自Pegas a.s.,Czech Republic的皮芯型(PP/PE)双组分纤维。
在一个优选的实施方案中,顶片26和底片22均为疏水的流体可渗透的非织造纤维网。如果疏水的或使其疏水的,这样液滴与纤维网表面的接触角为至少约75度,该非织造纤维网可能为排斥流体的,因此尽管其功能上作为液体阻碍层,实际上为液体可渗透的。
顶片26和底片22中的至少一个并且优选两个限定一种形状,其边缘限定短裤护垫的外周边28。在一个优选的实施方案中,顶片26和底片22限定短裤护垫(或卫生巾)的外周边28。该两层可以被冲切,例如在将所有的部件组合到本文所述短裤护垫的结构内之后。
流体不可渗透的阻碍层24置于吸收芯20和底片22之间。阻碍层24阻止由吸收芯20容纳的液体流过短裤护垫并污染邻近的衣服。然而与现有技术产品不同的是,阻碍层24未延伸到短裤护垫10的外周边28。更确切地讲,阻碍层没有在侧向延伸超过芯部周边30。在一个优选的实施方案中,阻碍层24完全覆盖了吸收芯20的面向衣服侧,但未延伸超过芯部周边30。
在一个优选的实施方案中,吸收芯20没有在侧向向外延伸到与顶片26或底片22相同的延伸程度,但卫生巾的外周边28基本大于芯部外周边30。如此,短裤护垫10的芯部周边30和卫生巾的外周边28之间的区域限定透气区域32,其仅包括顶片和/或底片22。在一个优选的实施方案中,透气区域32从芯部周边30沿侧向延伸到并且包括卫生巾的外周边28。顶片和/或底片使用多孔非织造材料以获得最小程度的透气性。如果透气区域包括顶片和底片,那么还可以包括将二者连接的部件,例如粘着性部件,包括热熔融粘合剂。在这种实施方案中,不应当使用粘合剂使得顶片和/或底片完全无孔。在一个实施方案中,以一系列螺旋形式在透气区域施加粘合剂。
吸收芯的周边30和卫生巾的外周边28之间具有透气区域的一个有益效果是能够更有效地覆盖穿着者的内衣,而不需要增加制品的总体积。即,通过将吸收芯20整合到卫生巾的相对较小的中心区域而使体积缩减。由于具有围绕吸收芯的疏水、透气区域,因此卫生巾的底片22的面向衣服侧具有更大的表面积用于粘附到内衣。
在一个实施方案中,吸收芯20相对于纵向中心线L对称布置,但其位置更靠近第一末端区域12,或者更靠近第二末端区域14。如此,多个透气区域32可置于穿着者的例如肛门区域。
沿平行于纵向轴线L测量的卫生巾10的最大长度尺寸可以为至少约6cm,或至少约10cm,或至少约15cm,或至少约20cm,或甚至至少约25cm,或者更多,除了用来覆盖阴道区域以外,还用来覆盖身体的肛门区域。沿平行于横向轴线T测量的卫生巾10的最大宽度尺寸可以为至少约3cm,或至少约6cm,或至少约10cm。在一个优选的实施方案中,卫生巾10为大致沙漏形,其中部最小宽度尺寸为约5cm,末端区域的最大宽度尺寸为约6.5cm,长度尺寸为约15cm。
卫生巾10和吸收芯20的最大表面积(即,当从平面方向观察时(平面图)卫生巾的区域)仅由预定的使用限制,包括穿着者内衣的相对大小。用作短裤护垫时,卫生巾可覆盖至少约60cm2,或至少约75cm2,优选至少约90cm2,并且可以为至少约100cm2的面积。同样,吸收芯20可以覆盖至少约20cm2,或至少约25cm2,或至少约35cm2,并且可以为至少约45cm2或更大的面积。在一个实施方案中,透气区域32占据卫生巾总表面积的至少约25%。透气区域可占据卫生巾的表面积的至少约35%、40%、50%、75%或90%。在本发明短裤护垫的一个实施方案中,吸收芯20具有约32cm2的表面积,透气区域具有约50cm2的表面积,全部短裤护垫的表面积为约82cm2。
可以使用粘合剂将所有部件粘结起来,包括本领域已知的热熔融粘合剂。粘合剂可以是Findlay H2128 UN和Savare’PM 17,其可以使用Dynafiber HTW系统来应用。如上文所述,在透气区域使用的粘合剂的唯一要求是不能使透气区域变为非透气区域,即,不能使得顶片或底片无孔。保持透气区域开孔的其它有益效果包括阻止卫生巾粘住穿着者的皮肤以及由此而增加不舒适感。
在一个优选的实施方案中,顶片26和底片22均具有疏水或使其具有疏水的面向身体表面。术语疏水是指置于表面的水滴不容易浸湿非织造材料。在一个实施方案中,疏水的面向身体表面是流体排斥的,使得置于其上的水滴可长时间(例如10至30分钟)地保持在表面上。
在一个实施方案中,透气区域32包括顶片26和底片22,但顶片定量非常低,使得尽管其相对疏水,但滞留于顶片部分(其置于相对亲水的吸收芯20上)上的流体可容易穿过顶片并进入吸收芯。然而,滞留在吸收芯上的区域外侧(即,在透气区域32内)的流体未被吸收,并且没有穿过并到达短裤护垫10的面向衣服侧。
因此,本发明短裤护垫10在使用中提供了非常薄的、柔韧的、舒适的短裤护垫,其具有被排斥流体的透气区域32包围的置于中部的较小亲水“袋”。相对疏水的透气区域作为一个有效的阻碍层阻止流体流出吸收芯20的区域。因此,在使用中从身体排出的流体可迅速被吸收,并且阻止流体从短裤护垫流出并流到使用者的衣服上。
在一个优选的实施方案中,透气区域32完全围绕了吸收芯20。即,在短裤护垫10的所有部分内芯部周边30不与卫生巾的周边28相符,但透气区域32的一部分区域总是将两个周边隔离。在该实施方案中,透气区域32为完全环绕或包围吸收芯20的透气区域的连续带。
为了促使更快的流体流入吸收芯20,可以处理顶片26和吸收芯20使其具有一定含量的纤维交缠。可由本领域已知的机械方法形成纤维交缠。例如,如图2B的剖面图所示,吸收芯20和顶片26可采用压花交缠,使得顶片26的纤维被置入吸收芯20的纤维内。也可以使用其它方法(包括本领域已知的机械处理方法,例如通常称为“环轧制”的方法)实现纤维交缠。据信,纤维诱导变形处理(例如压花)不仅有助于将滞留的流体暴露到吸收芯内的亲水纤维,而且还形成了小尺寸的“丘”和“谷”,其帮助容纳短裤护垫上的亲水吸收芯20的“袋”上滞留的流体。
在发明详述中引用的所有文献的相关部分均引入本文以供参考;任何文献的引用不可解释为是对其作为本发明的现有技术的认可。
尽管已用具体实施方案来说明和描述了本发明,但对于本领域的技术人员显而易见的是,在不背离本发明的精神和保护范围的情况下可做出许多其它的变化和修改。因此,有意识地在附加的权利要求书中包括属于本发明范围内的所有这些变化和修改。
Claims (10)
1.一种卫生巾,所述卫生巾包括流体可渗透的顶片、流体可渗透的底片和设置在顶片与底片之间的吸收芯,其中
a.所述吸收芯包括限定芯部外周边的相对亲水的材料;
b.所述顶片和所述底片包括相对疏水的非织造材料,所述顶片和所述底片中的至少一个限定卫生巾的外周边;
c.所述卫生巾还包括位于所述底片和所述吸收芯之间的流体不可渗透的阻碍层;特征在于,
d.所述卫生巾的外周边基本大于所述芯部外周边,所述芯部外周边和所述卫生巾外周边之间的区域为透气区域,并且所述流体不可渗透的阻碍层设置在所述芯部外周边内。
2.如权利要求1所述的卫生巾,其中所述顶片和所述底片中的至少一个由于被处理为排斥流体的而具有充分的疏水性。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的卫生巾,其中所述顶片和所述底片具有共用的外周边。
4.如前述任一项权利要求所述的卫生巾,其中所述流体不可渗透层的周边与所述芯部外周边相符。
5.如前述任一项权利要求所述的卫生巾,其中所述顶片和所述芯部通过它们各自纤维的一部分的机械交缠而接合。
6.如前述任一项权利要求所述的卫生巾,其中所述芯部外周边限定大致椭圆形。
7.如前述任一项权利要求所述的卫生巾,其中所述卫生巾的周边限定大致沙漏形状。
8.如前述任一项权利要求所述的卫生巾,其中所述卫生巾为短裤护垫。
9.一种卫生巾,所述卫生巾包括流体可渗透的顶片、流体可渗透的底片和设置在顶片与底片之间的吸收芯,其中
a.所述吸收芯包括相对亲水的气流成网非织造材料,所述材料具有纤维AGM并限定芯部外周边;
b.所述顶片和所述底片包括相对疏水的纺粘非织造材料,所述顶片和所述底片限定大于所述芯部外周边的卫生巾的外周边;
c.所述卫生巾还包括位于所述底片和所述吸收芯之间的流体不可渗透的阻碍层;特征在于:
d.所述芯部外周边和所述卫生巾的外周边之间的区域为透气区域,所述区域完全围绕所述芯部外周边,使得蒸汽可以在所述透气区域内完全透过所述卫生巾;并且所述流体不可渗透的阻碍层设置在邻近所述吸收芯的位置并且位于所述芯部外周边内。
10.一种薄吸收短裤护垫,所述护垫包括流体可渗透的顶片、流体可渗透的底片和设置在顶片与底片之间的吸收芯,其中
a.所述吸收芯具有介于约50gsm和100gsm之间的定量,所述吸收芯包括相对亲水的气流成网非织造材料,所述材料具有至少约5%重量的AGM纤维含量并限定芯部外周边;
b.所述顶片和所述底片包括相对疏水的排斥流体的纺粘非织造材料,所述顶片和所述底片限定大于所述芯部外周边的短裤护垫的外周边;
c.所述卫生巾还包括位于所述底片和所述吸收芯之间的液体不可渗透的阻碍层,特征在于:
d.所述芯部外周边和所述短裤护垫的外周边之间的区域为透气区域,所述区域完全围绕所述芯部外周边,使得蒸汽可以在所述透气区域内完全透过所述短裤护垫;并且所述流体不可渗透的阻碍层为邻近所述芯部设置并且位于所述芯部外周边内的聚乙烯薄膜。
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-
2004
- 2004-03-01 US US10/790,418 patent/US8314285B2/en active Active
-
2005
- 2005-03-01 CA CA2556194A patent/CA2556194C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-01 KR KR1020067017657A patent/KR100810803B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-03-01 TW TW094106101A patent/TW200531675A/zh unknown
- 2005-03-01 AR ARP050100754A patent/AR047982A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2005-03-01 WO PCT/US2005/006722 patent/WO2005084597A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-03-01 JP JP2007501936A patent/JP4722910B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-01 EP EP05724296.8A patent/EP1729704B1/en active Active
- 2005-03-01 AU AU2005218567A patent/AU2005218567B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-03-01 BR BRPI0508375A patent/BRPI0508375B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-03-01 SG SG200901442-4A patent/SG150560A1/en unknown
- 2005-03-01 ES ES05724296.8T patent/ES2549262T3/es active Active
- 2005-03-01 CN CNB2005800067477A patent/CN100515373C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2006
- 2006-08-17 IL IL177572A patent/IL177572A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-08-17 ZA ZA200606869A patent/ZA200606869B/en unknown
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Cited By (8)
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CN107206728A (zh) * | 2014-12-19 | 2017-09-26 | 阿文提特种材料公司 | 整体式透气膜和由此制造的复合材料 |
CN109069329A (zh) * | 2016-05-05 | 2018-12-21 | 宝洁公司 | 与异质块体层整合的顶片 |
CN113974976A (zh) * | 2016-05-05 | 2022-01-28 | 宝洁公司 | 制备吸收结构或用于吸收制品的方法 |
CN113974978A (zh) * | 2016-05-05 | 2022-01-28 | 宝洁公司 | 吸收制品 |
CN114224612A (zh) * | 2016-05-05 | 2022-03-25 | 宝洁公司 | 与异质块体层整合的顶片 |
CN113974976B (zh) * | 2016-05-05 | 2024-07-19 | 宝洁公司 | 制备吸收结构或用于吸收制品的方法 |
CN111801080A (zh) * | 2018-03-26 | 2020-10-20 | 易希提卫生与保健公司 | 带有顶片和采集层的一次性吸收性卫生产品 |
WO2021022547A1 (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2021-02-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Feminine hygiene pad and method for isolating microorganisms from a wearer's skin |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AR047982A1 (es) | 2006-03-15 |
SG150560A1 (en) | 2009-03-30 |
KR20060116239A (ko) | 2006-11-14 |
EP1729704B1 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
IL177572A (en) | 2012-09-24 |
EP1729704A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
KR100810803B1 (ko) | 2008-03-06 |
US20050192549A1 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
JP2007526088A (ja) | 2007-09-13 |
CN100515373C (zh) | 2009-07-22 |
TW200531675A (en) | 2005-10-01 |
CA2556194A1 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
AU2005218567B2 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
WO2005084597A1 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
IL177572A0 (en) | 2006-12-10 |
BRPI0508375B1 (pt) | 2016-05-10 |
JP4722910B2 (ja) | 2011-07-13 |
AU2005218567A1 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
EG24299A (en) | 2009-01-12 |
US8314285B2 (en) | 2012-11-20 |
BRPI0508375A (pt) | 2007-07-31 |
CA2556194C (en) | 2011-09-20 |
ZA200606869B (en) | 2008-04-30 |
ES2549262T3 (es) | 2015-10-26 |
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