CN1865662A - Smoke emission method in tunnel and tunnel ventilation system with separate smoke-emission device - Google Patents
Smoke emission method in tunnel and tunnel ventilation system with separate smoke-emission device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1865662A CN1865662A CN 200610052065 CN200610052065A CN1865662A CN 1865662 A CN1865662 A CN 1865662A CN 200610052065 CN200610052065 CN 200610052065 CN 200610052065 A CN200610052065 A CN 200610052065A CN 1865662 A CN1865662 A CN 1865662A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tunnel smoke-discharge method, which comprises: (1), insulating one independent smoke-discharge channel in the tunnel, which comprises a smoke-discharge valve, a smoke-discharge transmission channel through to the smoke-discharge channel and a smoke-discharge fan inside the smoke-discharge transmission channel; (2) in normal condition, the smoke-discharge channel, smoke-discharge valve, the smoke-discharge transmission channel and the smoke-discharge fan do not work; (3), when discharging smoke, starting the smoke-discharge valve near the smoke source, to discharge the smoke into the smoke-discharge channel, and via the smoke-discharge transmission channel to be discharge outside the tunnel. The invention also discloses a relative tunnel ventilation system, with independent smoke-discharge system. The invention can be used in variable tunnels.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tunnel smoke exhaust method and with the tunnel ventilation system of independent fume extractor.Smoke evacuation when being mainly used in ventilation in the tunnel and breaking out of fire.
Background technology
In highway tunnel operation process, vehicular discharge goes out as CO, NO
XDeng harmful exhaust and discharging flue dust, when surpassing certain value, the harmful exhaust of discharging and dust concentration will bring harm to the driver and conductor, influence healthy and traffic safety.Therefore, for guaranteeing the required air ambient sanitary standard of the normal operation in tunnel, the tunnel planted agent ventilate.Simultaneously, exist automobile fire or hazardous materials transportation to reveal the potential hazard that produces in the tunnel operation process all the time, need to consider to take precautions against natural calamities ventilation.Therefore, should guarantee when normal operation, to have good air ambient sanitary standard, when taking precautions against accident such as fire again to driver and conductor's life and property safety, be tunnel ventilation with the problem of taking precautions against natural calamities in the key subjects that face.The spending such as the caused electricity charge of ventilating is one of daily expenditure projects maximum in the tunnel operation, and not only energy-conservation but also safety is pursuing one's goal of highway tunnel operation ventilation technology.
Highway tunnel ventilation has natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation two classes.If the tunnel is in short-term, waste gas can utilize the traffic Piston Wind to discharge voluntarily, can adopt natural ventilation, common two-way traffic length of tunnel (m) * design traffic volume (/h)＜6 * 10
5The time, and one-way traffic length of tunnel (m) * design traffic volume (/h)＜2 * 10
6The time, can adopt natural ventilation, other situation should adopt mechanical ventilation.Mechanical ventilation adopts blower fan that waste gas in the tunnel is forced to discharge, and has at present: longitudinal ventilation, semi-transverse ventilation, transversal ventilation three major types and the combined ventilating mode on these three kinds of basic mode bases.China's " highway tunnel ventilation illumination design standard " (TJT26.1-1999) provides the basic prove-in length and the scope of draft type by one-way traffic tunnel and two-way traffic tunnel.
Longitudinal ventilation divides full jet blower longitudinal ventilation again, concentrate and to send into that formula longitudinal ventilation, vertical shaft are discharged the formula longitudinal ventilation, vertical shaft send row's formula longitudinal ventilation, vertical shaft to make up longitudinal ventilation, electrostatic precipitation longitudinal ventilation etc. with jet blower, and division is as follows:
Full jet blower longitudinal ventilation: fresh air enters from tunnel entrance, contaminated air is discharged from tunnel exit, the deficiency that jet blower replenishes the mechanical transport draft power only is set, keep air thrust by jet blower jet flow effect, the tunnel internal pressure is risen, with a kind of draft type of the requirement of satisfying required ventilation.This draft type has become the following highway tunnel one-way traffic of 3km most common form.
Concentrate and to send into the formula longitudinal ventilation: will be arranged near the tunnel portal than high-power blower, its jet direction is consistent with traffic direction.Its operating principle is the same substantially with the jet blower ventilation, belongs to same type.Because there are a large amount of high speed jet wind speed in this mode in the tunnel, therefore generally be applicable to the one-way traffic tunnel.
Vertical shaft is discharged the formula longitudinal ventilation: be the draft type that the negative pressure of utilizing silo bottom to produce realizes changing wind.This draft type generally is applicable to the two-way traffic tunnel; When having strict environmental requirement promptly not allow the situation of hole internal contamination wind outside appearing when one-way traffic and near outlet, also can adopt this draft type.
Vertical shaft send row's formula longitudinal ventilation: by the air in vertical shaft switching tunnel space, reach and discharge the purpose that contaminated air is sent into fresh air simultaneously, strengthen the use length of longitudinal ventilation mode thus.When adopting this mode, along the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION of tunnel total length combustion gas be: begin substantially linearly to rise from tunnel portal, reach maximum value at silo bottom, crossed location of air supply inlet, concentration sharply reduces, almost linearly again afterwards rising.If several vertical shafts are arranged, then above-mentioned repeatedly state therefore theoretically, adopts this draft type, and then length of tunnel without limits.
Vertical shaft and jet blower combination longitudinal ventilation: send the extension of row's formula longitudinal ventilation mode for vertical shaft.Vertical shaft send exhaust system or the vertical shaft single row type ventilation system in row's formula longitudinal ventilation, its effect of boosting is very little, often be difficult to and the required pressure balance in tunnel,, generally can adopt the significant jet blower of the effect of boosting to make up with it in order to solve the hypodynamic problem of boosting.
The electrostatic precipitation longitudinal ventilation: the pernicious gas that driving vehicle is discharged in the tunnel mainly contains carbon monoxide, oxynitride and flue dust etc., along with increasing of diesel vehicle, contain flue dust gas and more and more become primary pollution source in the tunnel, for super long tunnel, if correct position one place or number place are provided with electrostatic precipitation device filtering flue dust in the tunnel, just can cancel or reduce vertical shaft, and the ventilation prove-in length in tunnel is increased.
Full transversal ventilation mode: with respect to the longitudinal ventilation mode, its tunnel cross-section is provided with independently air delivery duct and exhast duct.Its air-flow of transversal ventilation mode is to produce circulation to change wind on tunnel cross section, and during breaking out of fire, the smoke evacuation air channel can be used as the usefulness of smoke evacuation in the tunnel.
The semi-transverse ventilation mode: draft type is divided blowing-type and air draft type between vertical and full transversal ventilation.The common tunnel cross-section of blowing-type semi-transverse ventilation mode top is provided with air channel (when establishing the air channel in the tunnel road surface bottom, only make air delivery duct usefulness, can not discharge fume), and under the nominal situation condition, the air channel, top replenishes fresh air in the hole as air-supply, and air-flow vertically moves; When breaking out of fire, the air channel, top is used for smoke evacuation, and blower fan will reverse, and the air delivery duct becomes the smoke evacuation air channel.Smoke discharging effect is often unreliable with control the condition of a disaster aspect like this.Air channel, air draft type semi-transverse ventilation mode top double as is normal to ventilate and fire smoke-discharging and ventilating usefulness, but the air channel area wants big, cost is high.For example press the tunnel under normal running (operation) conditions, by existing automobile exhaust gas and soot emissions level, the tunnel, two-lane highway is at 1200/h of the per car road traffic volume, and the required airflow of every kilometer length is about 80～110m
3Between/the s.As 1.5 kilometers meters of transversal ventilation section length, the air delivery duct and the exhast duct gross area reach 16～22m
2The air channel of semi-transverse ventilation also reaches 10～12m
2Need the extra tunnel excavation area event raising civil engineering cost that increases like this.In addition, complete laterally or the semi-transverse ventilation mode can not make full use of the Piston Wind effect of running car, power of fan is big, therefore not energy-conservation, cost of business operation is than the longitudinal ventilation height.
In the three big draft types, the longitudinal ventilation mode has construction cost and running cost is low, is easy to the characteristics of maintenance, but the effect of taking precautions against natural calamities is poor slightly.Semi-transverse ventilation mode cost height, and the smoke evacuation effect of taking precautions against natural calamities is very unreliable yet, and can not use very long tunnel.Effect is better than longitudinal ventilation although full transversal ventilation mode is taken precautions against natural calamities but the equipment complexity, and construction cost and running cost are all higher.
But the independent smoking problem when not taking into full account fire in the existing longitudinal ventilation technology, smog vertically flow along the tunnel, spread, discharge to terminal.This is for the speciality highway tunnel, especially be difficult to assurance personnel safety exit during bus's flow.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of tunnel smoke exhaust method and with the tunnel ventilation system of independent fume extractor, the longitudinal ventilation mode that the employing expense is lower, by special use smoke evacuation air channel, fire hazard aerosol fog can in time be got rid of, avoid or reduced the harm that tunnel main air duct smog vertically spreads, improved the safety of personnel escape and rescue.
A kind of tunnel smoke exhaust method comprises:
(1) isolate the air channel of independently discharging fume in the tunnel, the smoke evacuation contact air channel that described smoke evacuation air channel is provided with the smoke evacuation air-valve, is communicated with the smoke evacuation air channel is provided with smoke extractor exhaust fan in smoke evacuation contact air channel;
(2) normal condition time smoke evacuation air channel, smoke evacuation air-valve, smoke evacuation contact air channel and smoke extractor exhaust fan are not worked;
(3) when needing to discharge fume in the tunnel, open near the smoke evacuation air-valve of mist source, smog is entered the smoke evacuation air channel from the smoke evacuation air-valve of opening, again through discharge tunnel, smoke evacuation contact air channel.
A kind of tunnel ventilation system with independent fume extractor, comprise that tunnel main air duct, jet blower, this ventilation system have independently fume extractor, independently fume extractor comprises the smoke evacuation air channel, is arranged at smoke evacuation air-valve, the smoke evacuation contact air channel that with smoke evacuation air channel be communicated with of smoke evacuation on the air channel, is arranged on to discharge fume and gets in touch with smoke extractor exhaust fan in the air channel.
Perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft that described ventilation system can also be provided with is got in touch with the air channel or perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel is set simultaneously and gets in touch with the air channel with perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply.Establish the air draft blower fan in perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact in the air channel, establish breeze fan in the air channel in perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply contact.The tunnel main air duct is communicated with tunnel entrance, tunnel exit, perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel, perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply contact air channel.
Described smoke evacuation air channel vertically is arranged on the top of tunnel main air duct or side top and isolates with the tunnel main air duct, is communicated with the tunnel main air duct by the smoke evacuation air-valve.Smoke evacuation air channel and tunnel main air duct can be isolated with modes such as dividing plate, special-purpose ventilating ducts, keep at a certain distance away on the smoke evacuation air channel smoke evacuation air-valve is installed, and are used to get rid of the fire hazard aerosol fog in the main air duct.The smoke evacuation air-valve is in closed condition when nominal situation makes the smoke evacuation air channel not be communicated with the tunnel main air duct, and when fire is discharged fume, but the opened smoke-discharging air-valve makes the smoke evacuation air channel be communicated with, discharge fume with the tunnel main air duct.
Described smoke evacuation air channel can be along tunnel total length cloth if lay at the middle part, tunnel.The length of not establishing the highway section in smoke evacuation air channel when lay at the middle part, tunnel at the two ends, tunnel face should be less than or equal to 1.5km.
According to the length and the smoke exhaust efficiency in smoke evacuation air channel, a place or many places smoke evacuation contact air channel and supporting smoke extractor exhaust fan can be set.Discharging fume, the air channel is got in touch with perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply in the contact air channel, perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel is separate.
As required also can with erect/far-end in inclined shaft air draft contact air channel is pooled to same vent passages with the far-end in smoke evacuation contact air channel and discharges, this moment is perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel is provided with control valve with the junction in smoke evacuation contact air channel.Control valve is closed during normal condition, and will discharge fume contact air channel and perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel keep apart control opening of valves when breaking out of fire need be discharged fume.
Described jet blower can have several, but and rotating work, as required round about the air-supply, its effect mainly provides tunnel ventilation and the required power of boosting of discharging fume.When needs, have in the tunnel main air duct in smoke evacuation air channel jet blower also can be set simultaneously add forced ventilation, smoke discharging effect.
The position in smoke evacuation of the present invention air channel and cross sectional shape can be done the conversion of universal means according to physical condition.Perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply is got in touch with air channel, perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel and smoke evacuation contact air channel and also all can rationally be provided with according to concrete project situation.
Tunnel ventilation system works principle of the present invention is as follows:
1, ventilation system working method (the smoke evacuation air-valve of installing on the air channel of discharging fume this moment cuts out, and smoke extractor exhaust fan does not start) under normal (non-fire) situation
(1) adopt full jet blower to carry out vertical induced draught.One end enters required new wind from the tunnel, passes through the tunnel by the promotion of jet blower then, and waste gas discharges from the tunnel other end.At this moment, only open jet blower,, air-flow can only flow into and discharge from the tunnel other end by one end from the tunnel.
(2) adopt perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply, air draft+jet blower to ventilate.Tunnel ventilation is divided into two sections to carry out: the tunnel entrance section makes new wind enter the tunnel from tunnel entrance by starting near jet blower, the air draft blower fan the tunnel entrance, and waste gas is discharged from perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel.Tunnel outlet section by start near the tunnel exit jet blower, breeze fan make new wind by perpendicular/tiltedly air-supply contact air channel enters the tunnel, waste gas is discharged from tunnel exit.Under this draft type, sending into of the discharge of waste gas and new wind can be used in combination as required, and the new wind of can a waste discharge gas not bothering to see me out also can only send new wind by not waste discharge gas.Also can according to condition setting such as length of tunnel a plurality of perpendicular/inclined shaft is communicated with the tunnel main air duct, and tunnel ventilation is divided into a plurality of ventilation sections, the tunnel ventilation length of this draft type can endless in theory.
(3) adopt perpendicular/inclined shaft integrated air exhaust+jet blower to ventilate.It is the another kind of mode that tunnel segment is ventilated.New wind enters from the both sides, tunnel, replenishes the power of boosting by jet blower (but rotating as required), makes waste gas by erecting/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel discharge.Under this draft type, the waste gas that the tunnel vehicle ' produces is by air draft blower fan and jet blower, and discharge in interflow to perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel.This draft type is suitable for two-way traffic or the higher one-way traffic situation of hole outer air environmental quality requirement.
2, ventilation system working method under the fire condition
(1) fire occurs in the tunnel entrance section does not have smoke evacuation during the air channel, the vehicle of fire vehicle front continues to move ahead and sails out of the tunnel, open jet blower plume is controlled to be direction from tunnel entrance to tunnel exit, open simultaneously near all smoke evacuation air-valve and smoke extractor exhaust fans in the segment length scope of fire vehicle, plume promptly from the fire vehicle through the tunnel main air duct to the air-valve of discharging fume, arrive smoke evacuation contact air channel by the smoke evacuation air channel then, at last fire hazard aerosol fog is discharged to outside the tunnel.
(2) fire occurs in the tunnel interlude has smoke evacuation during the air channel, the vehicle in the place ahead continues to move ahead and sails out of the tunnel, open interior smoke evacuation air-valve and the smoke extractor exhaust fan of a segment length scope before and after the fire vehicle place, simultaneously, for preventing the backflow of plume, open the jet blower (just changeing) of tunnel entrance one end and the jet blower (counter-rotating) of tunnel exit one end, plume is controlled in the fire vehicle place certain-length scope, plume promptly from the fire vehicle through the smoke evacuation air-valve, arrive smoke evacuation contact air channel by the smoke evacuation air channel then, at last fire hazard aerosol fog is discharged.
(3) fire occurs in tunnel outlet section does not have smoke evacuation during the air channel, and the vehicle in the place ahead continues to move ahead and sails out of the tunnel, and the jet blower of tunnel entrance one end and the jet blower of tunnel exit end blow to plume tunnel exit and discharge from the fire incident point.
Above-mentioned draft type also is applicable to the situation of two-way traffic in the tunnel, and just because the vehicle in tunnel is different with the behavior of people's escape and evacuation, thereby opportunity and direction that plume is controlled can be different.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) on the basis of longitudinal ventilation, special-purpose smoke vent is set, fire hazard aerosol fog can be in time got rid of from flue, avoids or has reduced the harm that tunnel main air duct smog vertically spreads, and has improved the safety of personnel escape and rescue;
2) compare economical and energy saving with horizontal, semi-transverse ventilation mode;
3) be applicable to unidirectional, the two-way highway tunnel of various sections such as arch, circle, rectangle.
Description of drawings
The tunnel ventilation system basic equipment layout schematic diagram of Fig. 1 band independence fume extractor
Work schematic diagram when Fig. 2 adopts full jet blower to carry out vertical induced draught
Perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply that Fig. 3 adopts, the work schematic diagram when air draft+jet blower ventilates
That Fig. 4 adopts is perpendicular/work schematic diagram when inclined shaft integrated air exhaust+jet blower ventilates
Among Fig. 5 a Fig. 1～Fig. 4 on the A-A profile position ventilation system schematic cross-sectional view
Among Fig. 5 b Fig. 1～Fig. 4 on the B-B profile position ventilation system schematic cross-sectional view
Among Fig. 5 c Fig. 1～Fig. 4 on the B-B profile position another embodiment schematic cross-sectional view
Among Fig. 6 a Fig. 1～Fig. 4 on the A-A profile position another embodiment schematic cross-sectional view
Among Fig. 6 b Fig. 1～Fig. 4 on the B-B profile position the third embodiment schematic cross-sectional view
Among Fig. 6 c Fig. 1～Fig. 4 on the B-B profile position the 4th kind of embodiment schematic cross-sectional view
Among Fig. 7 a Fig. 1～Fig. 4 on the A-A profile position the third embodiment schematic cross-sectional view
Among Fig. 7 b Fig. 1～Fig. 4 on the B-B profile position the 5th kind of embodiment schematic cross-sectional view
Among Fig. 7 c Fig. 1～Fig. 4 on the A-A profile position the 4th kind of embodiment schematic cross-sectional view
Among Fig. 7 d Fig. 1～Fig. 4 on the B-B profile position the 6th kind of embodiment schematic cross-sectional view
Fig. 8 fire occurs in the tunnel entrance section does not have smoke evacuation during the air channel, ventilation system smoke evacuation work schematic diagram
Fig. 9 fire occurs in the tunnel interlude has smoke evacuation during the air channel, ventilation system smoke evacuation work schematic diagram
Figure 10 fire occurs in tunnel outlet section does not have smoke evacuation during the air channel, ventilation system smoke evacuation work schematic diagram
Figure 11 erects/inclined shaft row, air-supply contact air channel and the air channel layout schematic diagram of discharging fume
Figure 12 erects/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel and smoke evacuation air channel layout schematic diagram
Figure 13 discharges fume and gets in touch with air channel arrangement schematic diagram
Wherein:
1, tunnel main air duct 2, smoke evacuation air channel
3, jet blower 4, smoke extractor exhaust fan
5, smoke evacuation air-valve 6, smoke evacuation contact air channel
7, perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel 8, perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply contact air channel
10, the new wind 11 that enters of tunnel entrance, the tunnel exit waste gas of discharging
12, air draft blower fan 13, breeze fan
15, the plume at the smoke evacuation air-valve of opening during fire 20, smoke evacuation air-valve place
21, plume 100, the tunnel entrance in the smoke evacuation contact air channel
101, vehicle in tunnel exit 200, the tunnel
201, the new wind that the air channel is sent into is got in touch with in the vehicle 210 of breaking out of fire, perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply
211, the waste gas of perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel discharge
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1,2,3 and 4, there are two ports in the tunnel, even tunnel entrance 100 and tunnel exit 101, the tunnel has a plurality of these ventilation systems of port still to be suitable in actual applications, ventilates, the principle of smoke evacuation is identical, and just the concrete arrangement of equipment has difference.
Whole tunnel has constituted tunnel main air duct 1, in the tunnel, in tunnel top, side or other position several jet blowers 3 are installed as required, be provided with perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel 7 and perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply contact air channel 8 in the tunnel, perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact is provided with air draft blower fan 12 in the air channel 7, and perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply contact is provided with breeze fan 13 in the air channel 8.Independently fume extractor comprises smoke evacuation air channel 2, is arranged at smoke evacuation air-valve 5, the smoke evacuation contact air channel 6 that with smoke evacuation air channel 2 be communicated with of smoke evacuation on the air channel 2, is arranged on smoke evacuation and gets in touch with the interior smoke extractor exhaust fan 4 in air channel 6.
Smoke evacuation air channel 2 can be laid along the tunnel total length, also can lay at the middle part.When smoke evacuation air channel 2 was provided with at the middle part, tunnel, the road section length of not establishing the smoke evacuation air channel at import and export two ends, tunnel should not be greater than 1.5km.Smoke evacuation air channel 2 is located at the top of tunnel main air duct 1 or side direction top and isolates in modes such as dividing plate, special-purpose ventilating ducts with tunnel main air duct 1, keep at a certain distance away on the smoke evacuation air channel 2 smoke evacuation air-valve 5 is installed, close when smoke evacuation air-valve 5 is flat, open when needing smoke evacuation smoke evacuation air channel 2 and tunnel main air duct 1 are communicated with to discharge the fire hazard aerosol fog in the tunnel main air duct 1.
But jet blower 3 forward and backwards, its effect mainly provides tunnel ventilation and the required power of boosting of discharging fume.When needs, the highway section that smoke evacuation air channel 2 is housed also can be provided with jet blower 3 simultaneously.
According to the length and the smoke exhaust efficiency in smoke evacuation air channel 2, a place or many places smoke evacuation contact air channel 6 and supporting smoke extractor exhaust fan 4 can be set.Smoke evacuation air channel 2 is separate with perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel 7 and perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply contact air channel 8.
Referring to Fig. 2, new wind 10 enters the tunnel from tunnel entrance 100, and by the promotion of jet blower 3, waste gas 11 is discharged from tunnel exit 101.At this moment, only open jet blower 3, the smoke evacuation air-valve of installing on the smoke evacuation air channel 25 cuts out, and smoke extractor exhaust fan 4 does not start, and air-flow can only flow into by one end from the tunnel, and discharges from the tunnel other end.
Referring to Fig. 3, in the tunnel, be provided with perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel 7, perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply contact air channel 8 is connected with tunnel main air duct 1.Tunnel ventilation is divided into two sections to carry out: the tunnel entrance section makes new wind 10 enter from tunnel entrance 100 by starting near jet blower 3, the air draft blower fan 12 the tunnel entrance section, and waste gas 211 is discharged from perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel 7.In like manner, the new wind 210 of tunnel outlet section enters tunnel main air duct 1 by the perpendicular/contact air channel 8 of tiltedly blowing, and waste gas 11 is 101 discharges from the tunnel face.Like this, can according to condition setting such as length of tunnel a plurality of perpendicular/inclined shaft is communicated with tunnel main air duct 1, and tunnel ventilation is divided into a plurality of ventilation segmentations.
Referring to Fig. 4, in the tunnel, be provided with perpendicular/oblique and air draft contact air channel 7 and a plurality of smoke evacuation contact air channel 6.New wind 10 enters simultaneously from the both sides, tunnel, by the additional power of boosting of jet blower 3 (but rotating as required), waste gas 211 is discharged by perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel 7.Under this draft type, the waste gas that the tunnel vehicle ' produces is discharged by air draft blower fan 12 and jet blower 3 interflow to perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel 7.This draft type is suitable for two-way traffic or the higher one-way traffic situation of hole outer air environmental quality requirement.
Fig. 5 a, 5b, 5c, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d have represented respectively in the tunnel cross-section shape not simultaneously, different embodiments of the present invention.Promptly discharge fume air channel 2, jet blower 3, smoke evacuation air-valve 5 has different arrangements, and the cross section in smoke evacuation air channel 2 also can be multiple shapes such as rectangle, fan are capable, trapezoidal.Utilize the operating principle of ventilation system of the present invention, according to actual conditions and requirement, native system can also have other many arrangement.
Referring to Fig. 8, fire occurs in the tunnel entrance section does not have smoke evacuation during air channel 2, the vehicle in fire vehicle 201 the place aheads continues to move ahead and sails out of the tunnel, open jet blower 3 and plume is controlled to be from tunnel entrance 100 to tunnel exit 101 direction, open simultaneously near all smoke evacuation air-valve 5 and smoke extractor exhaust fans 4 in the segment length scope of fire vehicle 201, the smoke evacuation air-valve 15 that plume 20 is opened during to fire through tunnel main air duct 1 from fire vehicle 201, arrive smoke evacuation contact air channel 6 by smoke evacuation air channel 2 then, at last plume 21 is discharged.
Referring to Fig. 9, fire occurs in the tunnel interlude has smoke evacuation during air channel 2, the vehicle in fire vehicle 201 the place aheads continues to move ahead and sails out of the tunnel, open interior smoke evacuation air-valve 5 and the smoke extractor exhaust fan 4 of a segment length scope before and after fire vehicle 201 places, simultaneously, for preventing the smog diffusion, open the jet blower 3 (just changeing) of tunnel entrance 100 1 ends and the jet blower 3 (counter-rotating) of tunnel exit 101 1 ends, smog is controlled in fire vehicle 201 place's certain-length scopes, the smoke evacuation air-valve 15 that plume 20 is promptly opened when the fire from the fire vehicle enters smoke evacuation air channel 2, discharges through smoke evacuation contact air channel 6 again.
Referring to Figure 10, fire occurs in tunnel outlet section does not have smoke evacuation during air channel 2, the vehicle in fire vehicle 201 the place aheads continues to move ahead and sails out of the tunnel, opens the jet blower 3 of tunnel entrance 100 1 ends and the jet blower 3 of tunnel exit 101 ends, smog is blowed to tunnel exit 101 from the fire incident point discharge.
Referring to Figure 11, perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel 7 is arranged in the side in tunnel, and perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply contact air channel 8 is arranged in the side top in tunnel, and the ventilation system in Fig. 3 is promptly arranged in this way.
Referring to Figure 12, perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel 7 is arranged in the side in tunnel, and the ventilation system in Fig. 4 is promptly arranged in this way.
Referring to Figure 13, smoke evacuation contact air channel 6 is arranged in the top in tunnel, and the ventilation system in Fig. 2-4 is all arranged in this way.Discharging fume, the air channel is got in touch with perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply in the contact air channel, perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel is separate.
As required also can with erect/far-end in inclined shaft air draft contact air channel is pooled to same vent passages with the far-end in smoke evacuation contact air channel and discharges (far-end compiles in the partial graph and shows), this moment is perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel is provided with control valve with the junction in smoke evacuation contact air channel.Control valve is closed during normal condition, and will discharge fume contact air channel and perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel keep apart control opening of valves when breaking out of fire need be discharged fume.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of tunnel smoke exhaust method comprises:
(1) isolate the air channel of independently discharging fume in the tunnel, the smoke evacuation contact air channel that described smoke evacuation air channel is provided with the smoke evacuation air-valve, is communicated with the smoke evacuation air channel is provided with smoke extractor exhaust fan in smoke evacuation contact air channel;
(2) normal condition time smoke evacuation air channel, smoke evacuation air-valve, smoke evacuation contact air channel and smoke extractor exhaust fan are not worked;
(3) when needing to discharge fume in the tunnel, open near the smoke evacuation air-valve of mist source, smog is entered the smoke evacuation air channel from the smoke evacuation air-valve of opening, again through discharge tunnel, smoke evacuation contact air channel.
2, a kind of tunnel ventilation system with independent fume extractor, comprise tunnel main air duct (1), jet blower (3), it is characterized in that: this ventilation system has independently fume extractor, and described independently fume extractor comprises smoke evacuation air channel (2), be arranged at smoke evacuation air-valve (5), the smoke evacuation contact air channel (6) that is communicated with smoke evacuation air channel (2) in smoke evacuation air channel (2), be arranged on smoke evacuation gets in touch with the interior smoke extractor exhaust fan (4) in air channel (6).
3, ventilation system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: this ventilation system also comprises perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel (7).
4, ventilation system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: this ventilation system also comprises perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply contact air channel (8).
5, ventilation system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: tunnel main air duct (1) is got in touch with air channel (7) with tunnel entrance (100), tunnel exit (101), perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft, perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply contact air channel (8) is communicated with.
6, ventilation system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described smoke evacuation air channel (2) vertically is arranged on the top of tunnel main air duct (1) or side top and isolates with tunnel main air duct (1), only is communicated with tunnel main air duct (1) by smoke evacuation air-valve (5).
7, ventilation system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described smoke evacuation air channel (2) is along tunnel total length cloth if in the laying of middle part, tunnel.
8, ventilation system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described smoke evacuation contact air channel (6) can have several.
9, ventilation system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: discharging fume, air channel (8) is got in touch with perpendicular/inclined shaft air-supply in contact air channel (6), perpendicular/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel (7) is separate.
10, ventilation system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the far-end in described erecting/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel (7) can be pooled to same vent passages with the far-end in smoke evacuation contact air channel (6) and discharge, erect/inclined shaft air draft contact air channel (7) is provided with control valve with the junction in smoke evacuation contact air channel (6).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100520656A CN100557191C (en) | 2006-06-20 | 2006-06-20 | Tunnel smoke exhaust method and with the tunnel ventilation system of independent fume extractor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100520656A CN100557191C (en) | 2006-06-20 | 2006-06-20 | Tunnel smoke exhaust method and with the tunnel ventilation system of independent fume extractor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1865662A true CN1865662A (en) | 2006-11-22 |
| CN100557191C CN100557191C (en) | 2009-11-04 |
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| CNB2006100520656A Active CN100557191C (en) | 2006-06-20 | 2006-06-20 | Tunnel smoke exhaust method and with the tunnel ventilation system of independent fume extractor |
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| CN102022124A (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2011-04-20 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院 | Method for connecting shield tunnel duct piece and prefabricated flue header sheet |
| CN102080561A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-06-01 | 上海市城市建设设计研究院 | Group count determining and stationing universal method of pollutant purification ventilation system for road tunnel |
| CN101550838B (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2011-06-08 | 上海市隧道工程轨道交通设计研究院 | Centralized waste gas discharging method used in longitudinally ventilated road tunnel |
| CN101509389B (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2011-12-21 | 西南交通大学 | Highway tunnel flat guide pressing ventilation horizontal passage control method |
| CN102704980A (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2012-10-03 | 中铁十一局集团第四工程有限公司 | Tunnel cavity separated roadway ventilation method |
| CN101550836B (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2013-05-01 | 上海市隧道工程轨道交通设计研究院 | Natural dispersion air-discharge method for road tunnel |
| WO2013097249A1 (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2013-07-04 | 天津基石科技服务有限公司 | Ventilation system and ventilation method for tunnel construction |
| CN104989440A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-21 | 湖州升浙绿化工程有限公司 | Efficient-ventilating tunnel |
| CN106121707A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-11-16 | 中铁隧道勘测设计院有限公司 | The most two-tube municipal administration and highway are grown up the ventilating system of shield tunnel and method of ventilation |
| CN106168140A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-11-30 | 中铁隧道勘测设计院有限公司 | Single tube levels municipal administration under water and highway are grown up shield tunnel ventilating system and method |
| CN106437745A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-22 | 西南交通大学 | Shaft type emergency exit structure system of intercity railway tunnel |
| CN108533305A (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2018-09-14 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | The ventilation smoke exhaust method of train fire in a kind of Subway Tunnel |
| CN108691562A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-23 | 济南城建集团有限公司 | Construction city tunnel cools down ventilating system between a kind of multi-region |
| CN109139078A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-04 | 国诚集团有限公司 | A kind of tunnel ventilation smoke evacuation system |
| CN109252885A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-01-22 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | A kind of subway underground station an island platform Fire Ventilation smoke evacuation system and method |
| CN109505642A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-03-22 | 湖南科技大学 | The amount of energy saving calculation method of Extra-long Highway Tunnel open type Controlled Recirculation Ventilation |
| CN109681256A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-04-26 | 中铁十九局集团第七工程有限公司 | A kind of constructing tunnel ventilation device |
| CN111255500A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-09 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Long-distance tunnel ventilation partition plate based on FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) plate and honeycomb aluminum core and construction method |
| CN111720152A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-29 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel smoke exhaust system and tunnel smoke exhaust control method |
| CN111733687A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-02 | 长安大学 | Ventilation method for all-weather bridge passage |
| CN112081616A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-15 | 浙江工业大学 | Organized natural ventilation road tunnel |
| CN113074014A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-06 | 上海伯涵热能科技有限公司 | Transverse-driving longitudinal and ultra-long double-hole tunnel ventilation system combined with ventilation shaft module |
| CN113107568A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-13 | 任海文 | Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and control method thereof |
| CN113516880A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-10-19 | 北京工业大学 | Fire simulation device for variable V-shaped tunnel in centralized smoke exhaust mode |
| CN113530590A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-22 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel ventilation system and ventilation method thereof |
| CN116817392A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-09-29 | 浙江联城建筑设计有限公司 | Basement ventilation and smoke exhaust method, system, intelligent terminal and storage medium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101509389B (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2011-12-21 | 西南交通大学 | Highway tunnel flat guide pressing ventilation horizontal passage control method |
| CN101550836B (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2013-05-01 | 上海市隧道工程轨道交通设计研究院 | Natural dispersion air-discharge method for road tunnel |
| CN101550838B (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2011-06-08 | 上海市隧道工程轨道交通设计研究院 | Centralized waste gas discharging method used in longitudinally ventilated road tunnel |
| CN102022124B (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2014-02-05 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院 | Method for connecting shield tunnel duct piece and prefabricated flue header sheet |
| CN102022124A (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2011-04-20 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院 | Method for connecting shield tunnel duct piece and prefabricated flue header sheet |
| CN102080561B (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-07-25 | 上海市城市建设设计研究院 | Group count determining and stationing universal method of pollutant purification ventilation system for road tunnel |
| CN102080561A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-06-01 | 上海市城市建设设计研究院 | Group count determining and stationing universal method of pollutant purification ventilation system for road tunnel |
| WO2013097249A1 (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2013-07-04 | 天津基石科技服务有限公司 | Ventilation system and ventilation method for tunnel construction |
| CN102704980A (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2012-10-03 | 中铁十一局集团第四工程有限公司 | Tunnel cavity separated roadway ventilation method |
| CN102704980B (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2014-06-11 | 中铁十一局集团第四工程有限公司 | Tunnel cavity separated roadway ventilation method |
| CN104989440A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-21 | 湖州升浙绿化工程有限公司 | Efficient-ventilating tunnel |
| CN106121707A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-11-16 | 中铁隧道勘测设计院有限公司 | The most two-tube municipal administration and highway are grown up the ventilating system of shield tunnel and method of ventilation |
| CN106168140A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-11-30 | 中铁隧道勘测设计院有限公司 | Single tube levels municipal administration under water and highway are grown up shield tunnel ventilating system and method |
| CN106121707B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2019-04-19 | 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Underwater two-tube municipal administration and highway are grown up the ventilating system and method for ventilation of shield tunnel |
| CN106168140B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2019-04-19 | 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Underwater single tube upper and lower level municipal administration and highway are grown up shield tunnel ventilating system and method |
| CN106437745A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-22 | 西南交通大学 | Shaft type emergency exit structure system of intercity railway tunnel |
| CN108533305A (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2018-09-14 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | The ventilation smoke exhaust method of train fire in a kind of Subway Tunnel |
| CN108533305B (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2019-03-19 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | The ventilation smoke exhaust method of train fire in a kind of Subway Tunnel |
| CN108691562B (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-03-15 | 济南城建集团有限公司 | Construction city tunnel cools down ventilating system between a kind of multi-region |
| CN108691562A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-23 | 济南城建集团有限公司 | Construction city tunnel cools down ventilating system between a kind of multi-region |
| CN109505642A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-03-22 | 湖南科技大学 | The amount of energy saving calculation method of Extra-long Highway Tunnel open type Controlled Recirculation Ventilation |
| CN109505642B (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-01-17 | 湖南科技大学 | Energy-saving calculation method for open type controllable circulating ventilation of extra-long highway tunnel |
| CN109139078A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-04 | 国诚集团有限公司 | A kind of tunnel ventilation smoke evacuation system |
| CN109252885A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-01-22 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | A kind of subway underground station an island platform Fire Ventilation smoke evacuation system and method |
| CN109681256A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-04-26 | 中铁十九局集团第七工程有限公司 | A kind of constructing tunnel ventilation device |
| CN111255500A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-09 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Long-distance tunnel ventilation partition plate based on FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) plate and honeycomb aluminum core and construction method |
| CN111720152B (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2022-02-01 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel smoke exhaust system and tunnel smoke exhaust control method |
| CN111720152A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-29 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel smoke exhaust system and tunnel smoke exhaust control method |
| CN111733687A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-02 | 长安大学 | Ventilation method for all-weather bridge passage |
| CN112081616A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-15 | 浙江工业大学 | Organized natural ventilation road tunnel |
| CN112081616B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2023-11-14 | 浙江工业大学 | Road tunnel with organized natural ventilation |
| CN113074014A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-06 | 上海伯涵热能科技有限公司 | Transverse-driving longitudinal and ultra-long double-hole tunnel ventilation system combined with ventilation shaft module |
| CN113516880A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-10-19 | 北京工业大学 | Fire simulation device for variable V-shaped tunnel in centralized smoke exhaust mode |
| CN113107568A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-13 | 任海文 | Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and control method thereof |
| CN113107568B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2024-02-02 | 任海文 | Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and control method thereof |
| CN113530590A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-22 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel ventilation system and ventilation method thereof |
| CN116817392A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-09-29 | 浙江联城建筑设计有限公司 | Basement ventilation and smoke exhaust method, system, intelligent terminal and storage medium |
| CN116817392B (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-12-19 | 浙江联城建筑设计有限公司 | Basement ventilation and smoke exhaust method, system, intelligent terminal and storage medium |
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