CN113107568B - Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113107568B CN113107568B CN202110424522.4A CN202110424522A CN113107568B CN 113107568 B CN113107568 B CN 113107568B CN 202110424522 A CN202110424522 A CN 202110424522A CN 113107568 B CN113107568 B CN 113107568B
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009975 flexible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/04—Air ducts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system, which comprises a tunnel main body, a tunnel inner layer and a main ventilation cavity, wherein the tunnel inner layer is arranged on the inner side of the tunnel main body, a smoke exhaust channel is formed between the tunnel inner layer and the tunnel main body, the main ventilation cavity and an emergency ventilation cavity are formed by a partition plate, an axial flow fan is fixedly arranged on the tunnel inner layer, a jet flow fan is fixedly arranged in the main ventilation cavity, an emergency smoke exhaust channel is fixedly arranged between the tunnel main body and the tunnel inner layer, two independent and concurrent ventilation and smoke exhaust structures are adopted, and a self-sensing aggregation type fire smoke exhaust structure is arranged in the emergency smoke exhaust channel, so that the rapid discharge of fire smoke is performed, and the safe escape time of the tunnel is effectively prolonged; by the control method of the tunnel ventilation smoke discharging system, the main ventilation cavity and the emergency smoke discharging channel can be reasonably distributed, smoke discharging work is concentrated at a fire disaster occurrence position, and idle waste is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of road administration, in particular to a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and a control method thereof.
Background
In the operation process of the highway tunnel, the vehicle emits harmful waste gas such as CO, NOX and the like and discharges smoke dust, and when the concentration of the discharged harmful waste gas and smoke dust exceeds a certain value, the harmful waste gas and smoke dust bring harm to drivers and passengers, and the physical health and the driving safety are affected. Therefore, ventilation should be performed in the tunnel in order to ensure the air environmental sanitation standard required for the normal operation of the tunnel. Meanwhile, potential hazards generated by automobile fire or dangerous goods transportation leakage always exist in the tunnel operation process, and disaster prevention and ventilation are needed to be considered. Therefore, the method not only ensures good air environmental sanitation standard in normal operation, but also protects lives and properties of drivers and passengers when accidents such as fire disaster are prevented, and is a great subject faced in the problems of ventilation and disaster prevention of tunnels. The electric charge and other expenses caused by ventilation are one of the largest daily expenses in tunnel operation, and the energy conservation and safety are pursuing targets of highway tunnel operation ventilation technology.
However, the existing tunnel ventilation system generally adopts a single exhaust channel structure, smoke is larger when a fire disaster occurs in the tunnel, so that the smoke discharging efficiency is lower, the escape time of personnel in the tunnel is shorter, and in a few ventilation systems with fire disaster smoke discharging pipeline structures, the smoke discharging pipelines are often arranged in a scattered manner, and a plurality of smoke discharging devices are in idle no-load states when the fire disaster occurs, so that the smoke discharging efficiency is not ideal. In view of this, we propose a tunnel ventilation and smoke evacuation system and control method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and a control method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a tunnel ventilation smoke exhaust system, includes tunnel main part, tunnel inlayer and main ventilation chamber, the tunnel inlayer sets up in the inboard of tunnel main part, and the space forms smoke exhaust channel between the two, and constitutes main ventilation chamber and urgent ventilation chamber by the baffle between tunnel inlayer and the tunnel main part, fixed mounting has axial fan on the tunnel inlayer, and fixed mounting has jet fan in the main ventilation chamber, fixed mounting has urgent smoke exhaust channel between tunnel main part and the tunnel inlayer, and is provided with the grid on the tunnel inlayer, fixed mounting has the guide rail in the urgent smoke exhaust channel, and fixed mounting has the pinion rack on the guide rail, through the drive structure that has smog concentration trend function install the slide, and fixed mounting has the conflagration smoke exhaust structure of gathering on the slide, fixed mounting has the positioning seat in the urgent smoke exhaust channel, and is provided with the constant head tank on the positioning seat, and is provided with the location structure that has the magnetism and inhale unblock function on the slide.
Preferably, the axial fan is vertically arranged at the top of the inner layer of the tunnel, and is communicated with the tunnel space and the main ventilation cavity, the jet fans are horizontally arranged in the main ventilation cavity, and the main ventilation cavity adopts a structure with two opening sides.
Preferably, the emergency smoke discharging channel is of a civil structure, is communicated with the tunnel space through the grid, is provided with a rainwater recycling structure, and is composed of a rainwater tank, a water pumping pipe and a water outlet tank, a water pump is connected to a main pipeline of the water pumping pipe, a branch pipe of the water pumping pipe is communicated with the water outlet tank, and the water outlet tank is arranged on the inner layer of the tunnel.
Preferably, the guide rail is horizontally arranged on the inner wall of the emergency smoke discharging channel, the toothed plate is arranged on the side face of the guide rail, the toothed plate is of a long rack type structure, and the driving structure comprises a guide seat, a driving gear and a smoke sensor.
Preferably, the guide seat is connected in a chute of the guide rail, the driving gear is meshed with the toothed plate, the driving gear is driven by the positive and negative motor, and the smoke sensor is a particle concentration detection sensor.
Preferably, the fire smoke discharging structure comprises an emergency smoke discharging pipe, a suction fan and an outer discharge pipe, wherein the suction fan is arranged on a port of the emergency smoke discharging pipe, the emergency smoke discharging pipe is a right-angle bent pipe, and the outer discharge pipe penetrates through the tunnel main body and the tunnel inner layer to be arranged.
Preferably, the positioning structure comprises a front panel, a spring, a ferromagnetic positioning block and an electromagnet, wherein the front panel is arranged at the front end of the sliding seat, the spring and the ferromagnetic positioning block are arranged in a sliding groove of the front panel, and the electromagnet is positioned above the spring.
A method for controlling a ventilation and smoke exhaust system of a tunnel, the method comprising the steps of:
s1: the smoke such as conventional automobile exhaust is sent into the main ventilation cavity through the axial flow fan, fresh air is sent into the tunnel space, the jet flow fan in the main ventilation cavity guides the smoke, unidirectional airflow is formed in the main ventilation cavity, the fresh air is continuously fed, the waste gas is continuously discharged, the emergency smoke discharging channel is used as a natural ventilation channel when no fire occurs, automatic gas exchange is completed through air pressure and the like, and the auxiliary smoke discharging effect is achieved;
s2: when the fire disaster happens, the smoke concentration is sensed through the smoke sensor, and the fire disaster occurrence place is determined, so that a motor in the sliding seat is started to drive the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear rotates along the toothed plate, and acting force is generated to drive the sliding seat to move on the guide rail, so that autonomous maneuvering is performed, and the sliding seat with the fire disaster smoke discharging structure is concentrated to a position close to the fire disaster occurrence place as much as possible;
s3: (smoke discharging and cooling) when the fire smoke discharging structure is gathered to the fire disaster occurrence position, the fire smoke discharging structures work together, the fire smoke discharging structure mainly generates air flow through the suction fan, drives fire smoke to enter the emergency smoke discharging pipe and is discharged to the outside through the outer discharge pipe, the main ventilation cavity is matched, the rapid discharge of the fire smoke is performed, the safe escape time of a tunnel is effectively prolonged, the rainwater stored at ordinary times can be pumped out from the rainwater tank through the water pumping pipe, and is discharged into the tunnel space from the water outlet tank, so that the effect of cooling is achieved, the fire smoke discharging structure can be used by people, and the escape probability is further improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts a ventilation smoke discharging structure with independent and concurrent main ventilation cavity and emergency smoke discharging channel, and the emergency smoke discharging channel is provided with a self-sensing aggregation type fire smoke discharging structure which is driven by a driving structure with smoke concentration trend function, the emergency smoke discharging channel is used as a natural ventilation channel for auxiliary ventilation under the condition of no danger, and when a fire happens, the fire smoke discharging structure is rapidly and intensively sent to a fire occurrence position through aggregation type movement of a sliding seat, so that the fire smoke is rapidly discharged, and the safe escape time of a tunnel is effectively increased;
2. according to the control method of the tunnel ventilation smoke discharging system, the main ventilation cavity and the emergency smoke discharging channel can be reasonably distributed, the main ventilation cavity and the emergency smoke discharging channel adopt independent and independent working modes, resources are saved, fire smoke discharging structures in the emergency smoke discharging channel are dispersed at ordinary times, gathering work is carried out when a fire happens, smoke discharging work is concentrated at the fire occurrence position, and idle waste is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tunnel structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel cross-sectional structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a mobile smoke evacuation structure according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the area a in fig. 2.
In the figure: the novel intelligent air-conditioning system comprises a tunnel main body 1, a tunnel inner layer 2, a partition plate 3, a main ventilation cavity 4, an axial flow fan 5, a jet fan 6, an emergency smoke exhaust channel 7, a grid 8, a guide rail 9, a toothed plate 10, a guide seat 11, a sliding seat 12, a driving gear 13, a smoke sensor 14, an emergency smoke exhaust pipe 15, a suction fan 16, an outer exhaust pipe 17, a positioning seat 18, a positioning groove 19, a front panel 20, a spring 21, a ferromagnetic positioning block 22, an electromagnet 23, a rainwater groove 24, a water pumping pipe 25 and a water outlet groove 26.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a tunnel ventilation smoke exhaust system, including tunnel main part 1, tunnel inlayer 2 and main ventilation chamber 4, tunnel inlayer 2 sets up the inboard at tunnel main part 1, and the space forms the smoke exhaust passageway between the two, and constitute main ventilation chamber 4 and urgent ventilation chamber by baffle 3 between tunnel inlayer 2 and the tunnel main part 1, fixed mounting has axial fan 5 on the tunnel inlayer 2, and fixed mounting has jet fan 6 in the main ventilation chamber 4, fixed mounting has urgent smoke exhaust passageway 7 between tunnel main part 1 and the tunnel inlayer 2, and be provided with grid 8 on the tunnel inlayer 2, fixed mounting has guide rail 9 in the urgent smoke exhaust passageway 7, and fixed mounting has pinion rack 10 on the guide rail 9, through the drive structure that has smog concentration trend function install slide 12 on the guide rail 9, and fixed mounting has the conflagration smoke exhaust structure of gathering on the slide 12, fixed mounting has positioning seat 18 in the urgent smoke exhaust passageway 7, and be provided with constant head 19 on the positioning seat 18, and be provided with the location structure that has the magnetism and inhale the unblock function on the slide 12.
The axial flow fan 5 is vertically arranged at the top of the tunnel inner layer 2, the axial flow fan 5 is communicated with the tunnel space and the main ventilation cavity 4, the jet flow fan 6 is horizontally arranged in the main ventilation cavity 4, the main ventilation cavity 4 adopts a structure with two open sides, the tunnel inner layer 2 and the tunnel main body 1 form a tunnel foundation structure, conventional automobile tail gas and other smoke are fed into the main ventilation cavity 4 through the axial flow fan 5, fresh air is fed into the tunnel space, the jet flow fan 6 in the main ventilation cavity 4 guides the smoke, unidirectional airflow is formed in the main ventilation cavity 4, the fresh air continuously enters, and the waste gas is continuously discharged;
the emergency smoke exhaust channel 7 is of a civil structure and is communicated with a tunnel space through a grid 8, a rainwater recycling structure is arranged in the emergency smoke exhaust channel 7, the emergency smoke exhaust channel 7 is composed of a rainwater tank 24, a water pumping pipe 25 and a water outlet tank 26, a main pipeline of the water pumping pipe 25 is connected with a water pump, a branch pipe of the water pumping pipe 25 is communicated with the water outlet tank 26, the water outlet tank 26 is arranged on the tunnel inner layer 2, the emergency smoke exhaust channel 7 is used as a natural ventilation channel when no fire disaster occurs, automatic gas exchange is completed through air pressure and the like, the effect of auxiliary smoke exhaust is achieved, the emergency smoke exhaust function in the emergency smoke exhaust channel is started when the fire disaster occurs, the rainwater stored at ordinary times can be pumped out of the rainwater tank 24, and is discharged into the tunnel space from the water outlet tank 26, so that the effect of cooling is achieved, the emergency smoke exhaust channel can be used by people, and the escape probability is improved;
the guide rail 9 is horizontally arranged on the inner wall of the emergency smoke exhaust channel 7, the toothed plate 10 is arranged on the side surface of the guide rail 9, the toothed plate 10 is of a long toothed bar structure, the driving structure comprises a guide seat 11, a driving gear 13 and a smoke sensor 14, and the guide rail 9 and the toothed plate 10 on the guide rail form a horizontal guide structure;
the guide seat 11 is connected in a chute of the guide rail 9, the driving gear 13 is meshed with and mounted on the toothed plate 10, the driving gear 13 is driven by a positive motor and a negative motor, the smoke sensor 14 is a particle concentration detection sensor, when an emergency fire disaster happens, the smoke sensor 14 senses the smoke concentration, and the fire disaster happens place is determined, so that a motor in the sliding seat 12 is started to drive the driving gear 13 to rotate, the driving gear 13 rotates along the toothed plate 10, and an acting force is generated to drive the sliding seat 12 to move on the guide rail 9, so that autonomous mobilization is performed, and the sliding seat 12 with a fire disaster smoke discharging structure is concentrated to a position close to the fire disaster happens place as far as possible;
the fire smoke exhaust structure comprises an emergency smoke exhaust pipe 15, a suction fan 16 and an outer exhaust pipe 17, wherein the suction fan 16 is arranged on a port of the emergency smoke exhaust pipe 15, the emergency smoke exhaust pipe 15 is a right-angle bent pipe, the outer exhaust pipe 17 penetrates through the tunnel main body 1 and the tunnel inner layer 2 to be arranged, when the fire smoke exhaust structure is gathered to a fire disaster occurrence position, a plurality of fire smoke exhaust structures work together, the fire smoke exhaust structure mainly generates air flow through the suction fan 16, and fire smoke is driven to enter the emergency smoke exhaust pipe 15 and is discharged to the outside through the outer exhaust pipe 17, and the main ventilation cavity 4 is matched for quickly discharging the fire smoke, so that the safe escape time of a tunnel is effectively prolonged;
the positioning structure comprises a front panel 20, a spring 21, a ferromagnetic positioning block 22 and an electromagnet 23, wherein the front panel 20 is arranged at the front end of the sliding seat 12, the spring 21 and the ferromagnetic positioning block 22 are arranged in a sliding groove of the front panel 20, the electromagnet 23 is positioned above the spring 21, each sliding seat 12 is provided with a number and a matched positioning seat 18 under the condition of no fire, the sliding seat 12 and a fire smoke discharging structure on the sliding seat can be positioned and fixed by inserting the ferromagnetic positioning block 22 into the positioning groove 19, the structure is prevented from being confused due to unexpected movement, and when a fire happens, the electromagnet 23 is electrified, magnetic force is generated to act on the spring 21 and the ferromagnetic positioning block 22, the ferromagnetic positioning block 22 is sucked out from the positioning groove 19, so that the sliding seat 12 has flexible movement performance, and the aggregation of the fire smoke discharging structure can be completed.
A method for controlling a ventilation and smoke exhaust system of a tunnel, the method comprising the steps of:
s1: the smoke such as normal automobile exhaust is sent into the main ventilation cavity 4 through the axial flow fan 5, fresh air is sent into the tunnel space, the jet flow fan 6 in the main ventilation cavity 4 guides the smoke, unidirectional airflow is formed in the main ventilation cavity 4, the fresh air is continuously fed, the waste gas is continuously discharged, the emergency smoke exhaust channel 7 is used as a natural ventilation channel when no fire occurs, automatic gas exchange is completed through air pressure and the like, and the auxiliary smoke exhaust effect is achieved;
s2: when the fire disaster happens, the smoke concentration is sensed through the smoke sensor 14, and the fire disaster happens, so that a motor in the sliding seat 12 is started to drive the driving gear 13 to rotate, the driving gear 13 rotates along the toothed plate 10, and acting force is generated to drive the sliding seat 12 to move on the guide rail 9, so that autonomous maneuvering is performed, and the sliding seat 12 with a fire disaster smoke discharging structure is concentrated to a position close to the fire disaster happens as far as possible;
s3: (smoke discharging and cooling) when the fire smoke discharging structure is gathered to the fire occurrence position, the fire smoke discharging structures work together, the fire smoke discharging structure mainly generates air flow through the suction fan 16, drives fire smoke to enter the emergency smoke discharging pipe 15 and is discharged to the outside through the outer calandria 17, the main ventilation cavity 4 is matched, the rapid discharge of the fire smoke is carried out, the safe escape time of a tunnel is effectively prolonged, the water pumping pipe 25 can pump out rainwater stored at ordinary times from the rainwater tank 24, and the rainwater is discharged into the tunnel space from the water outlet tank 26, so that the effect of cooling is achieved, the fire smoke discharging structure can be used by people, and the escape probability is further improved.
Working principle: firstly, the tunnel inner layer 2 and the tunnel main body 1 form a tunnel foundation structure, the conventional automobile exhaust and other smoke are sent into the main ventilation cavity 4 through the axial flow fan 5, fresh air is sent into the tunnel space, the jet flow fan 6 in the main ventilation cavity 4 guides the smoke, unidirectional airflow is formed in the main ventilation cavity 4, the fresh air is continuously fed in, and the waste gas is continuously discharged, the emergency smoke discharging channel 7 is used as a natural ventilation channel when no fire occurs, automatic gas exchange is completed through air pressure and the like, the auxiliary smoke discharging function is achieved, the emergency smoke discharging function in the emergency smoke discharging channel is started when the fire occurs, the water pumping pipe 25 can pump out the rainwater stored at ordinary times from the rainwater tank 24, discharge the rainwater from the water outlet tank 26 into the tunnel space, thereby achieving the effect of cooling, being used by people and improving the escape probability, meanwhile, the guide rail 9 in the emergency smoke discharging channel 7 and the toothed plate 10 on the guide rail form a horizontal guide structure, when an emergency fire disaster happens, the smoke concentration is sensed through the smoke sensor 14, the fire disaster happening place is determined, so that a motor in the sliding seat 12 is started, the driving gear 13 is driven to rotate, the driving gear 13 rotates along the toothed plate 10, acting force is generated to drive the sliding seat 12 to move on the guide rail 9, thus autonomous maneuvering is performed, the sliding seat 12 with the fire disaster smoke discharging structure is concentrated to a position close to the fire disaster happening place as much as possible, when the fire disaster smoke discharging structure is concentrated to the fire disaster happening position, a plurality of fire disaster smoke discharging structures work together, the fire disaster smoke discharging structure mainly generates air flow through the suction fan 16, drives fire disaster smoke to enter the emergency smoke discharging pipe 15 and is discharged to the outside through the outer exhaust pipe 17, and the main ventilation cavity 4 is matched, and the rapid discharge of the fire disaster smoke is performed, the safe escape time of the tunnel is effectively increased, under the condition of no fire, each sliding seat 12 is provided with a number and a matched positioning seat 18, the sliding seat 12 and a fire smoke discharging structure on the sliding seat can be positioned and fixed by plugging the ferromagnetic positioning blocks 22 into the positioning grooves 19, the accidental movement of the structure is prevented from being disordered, when the fire happens, the electromagnet 23 is electrified, magnetic force is generated to act on the spring 21 and the ferromagnetic positioning blocks 22, the ferromagnetic positioning blocks 22 are sucked out from the positioning grooves 19, the sliding seat 12 has flexible activity, and the aggregation of the fire smoke discharging structure can be completed.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel ventilation smoke evacuation system, includes tunnel main part (1), tunnel inlayer (2) and main ventilation chamber (4), its characterized in that: the tunnel inner layer (2) is arranged on the inner side of the tunnel main body (1), a smoke exhaust channel is formed in a gap between the tunnel inner layer (2) and the tunnel main body (1), a main ventilation cavity (4) and an emergency ventilation cavity are formed by a partition plate (3), an axial flow fan (5) is fixedly arranged on the tunnel inner layer (2), a jet fan (6) is fixedly arranged in the main ventilation cavity (4), an emergency smoke exhaust channel (7) is fixedly arranged between the tunnel main body (1) and the tunnel inner layer (2), a grid (8) is arranged on the tunnel inner layer (2), a guide rail (9) is fixedly arranged in the emergency smoke exhaust channel (7), a toothed plate (10) is fixedly arranged on the guide rail (9), a sliding seat (12) is arranged on the guide rail (9) through a driving structure with a smoke concentration trend function, a positioning seat (18) is fixedly arranged in the emergency smoke exhaust channel (7), a positioning groove (19) is arranged on the positioning seat (18), and a magnetic unlocking positioning structure is arranged on the sliding seat (12);
the fire smoke discharging structure comprises an emergency smoke discharging pipe (15), a suction fan (16) and an outer discharge pipe (17), wherein the suction fan (16) is arranged on a port of the emergency smoke discharging pipe (15), the emergency smoke discharging pipe (15) is a right-angle bent pipe, and the outer discharge pipe (17) penetrates through a tunnel main body (1) and a tunnel inner layer (2) to be arranged;
the positioning structure comprises a front panel (20), a spring (21), a ferromagnetic positioning block (22) and an electromagnet (23), wherein the front panel (20) is arranged at the front end of the sliding seat (12), the spring (21) and the ferromagnetic positioning block (22) are arranged in a sliding groove of the front panel (20), and the electromagnet (23) is arranged above the spring (21).
2. A tunnel ventilation and smoke evacuation system according to claim 1, wherein: the axial flow fan (5) is vertically arranged at the top of the tunnel inner layer (2), the axial flow fan (5) is communicated with the tunnel space and the main ventilation cavity (4), the jet flow fan (6) is horizontally arranged in the main ventilation cavity (4), and the main ventilation cavity (4) adopts a structure with two openings at two sides.
3. A tunnel ventilation and smoke evacuation system according to claim 1, wherein: the emergency smoke exhaust channel (7) is of a civil structure, is communicated with a tunnel space through a grid (8), is provided with a rainwater recycling structure, and consists of a rainwater tank (24), a water pumping pipe (25) and a water outlet tank (26), wherein a water pump is connected to a main pipeline of the water pumping pipe (25), a branch pipe of the water pumping pipe (25) is communicated with the water outlet tank (26), and the water outlet tank (26) is arranged on the tunnel inner layer (2).
4. A tunnel ventilation and smoke evacuation system according to claim 1, wherein: the guide rail (9) is horizontally arranged on the inner wall of the emergency smoke discharging channel (7), the toothed plate (10) is arranged on the side face of the guide rail (9), the toothed plate (10) is of a long toothed bar structure, and the driving structure comprises a guide seat (11), a driving gear (13) and a smoke sensor (14).
5. A tunnel ventilation and smoke evacuation system according to claim 4, wherein: the smoke sensor (14) is a particle concentration detection sensor.
6. A method of controlling a tunnel ventilation and smoke evacuation system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1: the smoke of conventional automobile exhaust and the like is sent into the main ventilation cavity (4) through the axial flow fan (5) and fresh air is sent into the tunnel space, the jet flow fan (6) in the main ventilation cavity (4) guides the smoke, unidirectional airflow is formed in the main ventilation cavity (4), the fresh air is continuously fed, the waste gas is continuously discharged, the emergency smoke discharging channel (7) is used as a natural ventilation channel when no fire occurs, automatic gas exchange is completed through air pressure and the like, and the auxiliary smoke discharging effect is achieved;
s2: when an emergency fire disaster happens, the smoke concentration is sensed through a smoke sensor (14), and the fire disaster occurrence place is determined, so that a motor in the sliding seat (12) is started to drive a driving gear (13) to rotate, the driving gear (13) rotates along a toothed plate (10) to generate acting force to drive the sliding seat (12) to move on a guide rail (9), and therefore autonomous maneuvering is performed, and the sliding seat (12) with a fire disaster smoke discharging structure is concentrated to a position close to the fire disaster occurrence place as much as possible;
s3: when the fire smoke discharging structure is gathered to the fire disaster occurrence position, a plurality of fire smoke discharging structures work together, the fire smoke discharging structure mainly generates air flow through the suction fan (16), fire smoke is driven to enter the emergency smoke discharging pipe (15), the fire smoke is discharged to the outside through the outer calandria (17), the main ventilation cavity (4) is matched, the rapid discharge of the fire smoke is performed, the safe escape time of a tunnel is effectively prolonged, the rainwater stored at ordinary times can be pumped out from the rainwater tank (24) through the water pumping pipe (25), the rainwater is discharged into the tunnel space from the water outlet tank (26), the effect of cooling is achieved, the emergency smoke discharging pipe can be used by people, and the escape probability is further improved.
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| CN202110424522.4A CN113107568B (en) | 2021-04-20 | 2021-04-20 | Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and control method thereof |
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| CN202110424522.4A CN113107568B (en) | 2021-04-20 | 2021-04-20 | Tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system and control method thereof |
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| CN113107568B true CN113107568B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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| CN113719310B (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2022-10-21 | 江苏利丰空调科技有限公司 | Tunnel jet fan with fire centralized treatment function |
| CN113982668A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-28 | 重庆交通大学 | Follow-up type system and method for pumping and exhausting harmful gas in tunnel |
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| CN1865662A (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2006-11-22 | 浙江省交通规划设计研究院 | Smoke emission method in tunnel and tunnel ventilation system with separate smoke-emission device |
| CN203962019U (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-26 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院 | Smoke evacuation system in tunnel |
| CN206319911U (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-07-11 | 长安大学 | A kind of tunnel fire hazard early warning fume extractor |
| CN109139078A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-04 | 国诚集团有限公司 | A kind of tunnel ventilation smoke evacuation system |
| CN212716726U (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2021-03-16 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Tunnel fire smoke exhaust system |
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