CN105781603A - Double-track tunnel employing vertical shaft blowing and exhausting combined with complementary ventilation - Google Patents
Double-track tunnel employing vertical shaft blowing and exhausting combined with complementary ventilation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105781603A CN105781603A CN201610340066.4A CN201610340066A CN105781603A CN 105781603 A CN105781603 A CN 105781603A CN 201610340066 A CN201610340066 A CN 201610340066A CN 105781603 A CN105781603 A CN 105781603A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-track tunnel employing vertical shaft blowing and exhausting combined with complementary ventilation. Uneven loads when two tunnels normally runs can be balanced through a complementary ventilation duct arranged between two tunnels, so that the targets of reducing a vertical/ inclined shaft and equipment configuration and saving energy are achieved. Meanwhile, air exchange can be increased and the length application range of the complementary ventilation tunnel can be expanded by arranging the vertical shaft with blowing and exhausting functions; the smoke discharge distance in a tunnel fire can be reduced; and the disaster-prevention ability of the tunnel is improved. Therefore, complementary ventilation is carried out on the double-track tunnel through a contact duct; the ventilating vertical shaft is further utilized for blowing and exhausting and carrying out air exchange with the ground under the condition of not meeting the ventilation requirements; the work amount and the construction cost of a ventilation system and a power supply and distribution system can be reduced; and the vertical shaft is also used for discharging smoke in fire and reducing the length of the path through which smoke flows in the tunnel, so that the disaster-prevention ability of the tunnel is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Ventilation Design for Highway Tunnel technical field, be specifically related to a kind of vertical shaft and send row to combine the double track tunnel that complementation is ventilated.
Background technology
Automobile travels discharge CO, NO in tunnelx, the tail gas such as smog, health and traffic safety are brought danger, therefore, in Extra-long Highway Tunnel, ventilating system is one of requisite appurtenant work, directly affects construction investment and tunnel environment and operation security.Meanwhile, tunnel operation cost size in whole life cycle is determined as main energy consumption source.On the other hand, China is populous, relative inadequacy of resources, and economizing on resources, saving the energy is a fundamental state policy.
At present, ventilating system commonly used in highway extra-long tunnel is single vertical shaft or multi-shaft stagewise longitudinal ventilation, and such as, the Qinling Zhongnanshan Mountain Tunnel of Shaanxi Province's 18.2km length arranges 3 underground, place Ventilator Room and air shafts；Zhejiang Province's Cangling tunnelling, draw together tunnel, the Cangshan, bimodal tunnel, tunnel, ridge in the Western Zhou Dynasty are provided with 2 place's air shafts and supporting underground or surface wind machine room.On the other hand, the ventilating system of vcehicular tunnel configures generally according to design traffic volume and designed driving speed, operating mode difference huge (volume of traffic and road speed all differ greatly) is runed with design conditions with reality, inevitably lead to configuration ventilation installation's scale, power supplying and distributing equipment substantially excessively huge, during operation, substantial amounts of blower fan would sit idle for.
For the situation that uphill, downhill tunnel ventilation load is uneven, Bemer&Day (1991) proposes a kind of complementary draft type, namely get in touch with air channel by the ventilation between left and right hole, remove the air pollution in dilution upward slope tunnel with new wind more than needed in descending tunnel.On Jiangxi Province's Wu Ji highway, on the Jiuling Shan Mountain tunnel of 5.5km, Hubei Province's Hu-Rong freeway, the Tunnel in Dabieshan of long 5.9km all adopts this air vent mode.But the subject matter that this mode exists is: be suitable for length of tunnel limited, uses and there is limitation, be only applicable to the two total required airflows in tunnel less than 2 times of maximum allowable ventilation volumes in tunnel, as length of tunnel is then likely to more than 8km just inapplicable.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned technological deficiency existing for existing tunnel aeration technology, the invention provides a kind of vertical shaft send row to combine the double track tunnel that complementation is ventilated, the length of tunnel scope of application of complementary longitudinal ventilation can either be expanded, perpendicular/inclined shaft can be set again less, and reduce ventilating system and the quantities of corresponding power supply-distribution system, reduction construction costs and realization are runed energy-conservation combination.
A kind of vertical shaft send row to combine the double track tunnel that complementation is ventilated, including uplink tunnel and the downlink tunnel of separate type；Be provided with contact air channel, many places between uplink tunnel and downlink tunnel, these contact air channels at least include a place for uplink tunnel to downlink tunnel wind-guiding contact air channel and a place for downlink tunnel to the contact air channel of uplink tunnel wind-guiding；Up-downgoing tunnel forms ventilation circuit by these contact air channels, with the ventilation loads in balanced twin lead tunnel；
The outside, tunnel (being generally upward slope tunnel) that in up-downgoing tunnel, required airflow is bigger is provided with the air shaft connected with up-downgoing tunnel, and described air shaft for supply and exhaust, is used for smoke evacuation at ordinary times during fire.
Further, being provided with axial flow blower and air-valve in described contact air channel, the air inlet in contact air channel and air outlet are respectively positioned on outside tunnel driving track clearance, and air-valve is arranged at the side in contact air channel by air inlet.
Further, for uplink tunnel to the contact air channel of downlink tunnel wind-guiding, its air inlet is positioned at uplink tunnel inside wall, and air outlet is positioned at downlink tunnel vault；For downlink tunnel to the contact air channel of uplink tunnel wind-guiding, its air inlet is positioned at downlink tunnel inside wall, and air outlet is positioned at uplink tunnel vault.
Further, the cross dimensions in described contact air channel need to meet installation dimension and the maintenance process requirement of axial flow blower, and the air inlet sectional wind velocity in air channel is not more than 8m/s.
Further, the top in up-downgoing tunnel is equipped with some jet blowers, air pressure needed for its effect mainly offer tunnel ventilation, and at fire time control flue gas flow direction.
Further, described air shaft is divided into air-supply hoistway and air draft hoistway two parts by dividing plate, air-supply hoistway and air draft hoistway connect respectively through the tunnel that two diversion air ducts are bigger with required airflow, the air inlet of one of them diversion air duct docks with air-supply hoistway, air outlet is located at tunnel vault, the air inlet of another diversion air duct is located at tunnel inside wall, and air outlet docks with air draft hoistway.
Further, being equipped with axial flow blower in said two diversion air duct, in the diversion air duct wherein docked with air draft hoistway, the side by air inlet is provided with air-valve.
Further, described air draft hoistway is connected by the tunnel that smokejack is less with required airflow, and one end of described smokejack is arranged at tunnel vault or tunnel inside wall, and then walks around from the tunnel upper that required airflow is bigger, and the other end connects with air draft hoistway.
Further, axial flow blower and air-valve it are provided with in described smokejack.
Vertical shaft of the present invention send row to combine double track tunnel that complementation ventilates is by the complementary ventilating duct that arranges between two tunnels, it is possible to balance the problem that time normally operation in two tunnels, load is uneven, thus realizing reducing perpendicular/inclined shaft and ventilation installation's configuration and energy-conservation purpose.The present invention is by laying the vertical shaft with air-supply, air-exhausting function simultaneously, it is possible to increases air exchange, expand the length of tunnel scope of application of complementary ventilation, it is also possible to the path that when shortening tunnel fire hazard, flue gas flows through, thus improving tunnel hazard prevention ability.
Thus, double track tunnel of the present invention carries out complementary ventilation by getting in touch with air channel, when ventilation requirement can not be met, further with air shaft and ground air exchange, perpendicular/inclined shaft can be reduced arrange a number, reduce the quantities of ventilating system and power supply-distribution system, both reduce construction costs, achieve again the energy-conservation of ventilation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of double track tunnel of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the Fig. 1 sectional drawing along A-A' direction.
Fig. 3 is the Fig. 1 sectional drawing along B-B' direction.
Fig. 4 is the Fig. 1 sectional drawing along D-D' direction.
Fig. 5 is the Fig. 1 sectional drawing along C1-C' direction.
Fig. 6 is the Fig. 1 sectional drawing along C2-C' direction.
Fig. 7 is the Fig. 1 sectional drawing along C3-C' direction.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more specifically describe the present invention, below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, technical scheme is described in detail.
First it is calculated the required airflow in up-downgoing tunnel analyzing, it is considered to following several operating modes: operating mode of 1. operating normally, namely up-downgoing tunnel operating mode speed is designed driving speed；2. slow current operating mode, there is slow passage situation, operating mode speed 30～50km/h in a certain tunnel；3. blocking operating mode, a certain tunnel occurs that traffic is blocked for some reason, operating mode speed 10km/h, and retardance segment length is 1km；4. fire working, requires to determine smoke evacuation air quantity according to critical velocity.Required airflow calculates and performs according to current specifications and detailed rules and regulations.
As it is shown in figure 1, vertical shaft of the present invention send row to combine the double track tunnel that complementation is ventilated, including: uplink tunnel 1, downlink tunnel 2, contact air channel 31, a 32 and place being arranged at for a pair between two tunnels is arranged at the air shaft 36 outside the bigger tunnel of required airflow；Uplink tunnel 1 and downlink tunnel 2 all have two ports (enter hole and go out hole)；Even if there is multiple port in tunnel or has the situation of ring road in actual applications, present embodiment is still suitable for.
As in figure 2 it is shown, a contact air channel 31 usually absolute construction, it is arranged between uplink and downlink tunnel, for uplink tunnel 1 to downlink tunnel 2 wind-guiding.Contact air channel arranges air inlet 61 with uplink tunnel crossing, and air-flow is by, after combining air-valve 81 and axial flow blower 41 boosting, sending into downlink tunnel by the air outlet 51 of downlink tunnel.Contact air channel 31 can be divided into some places to arrange depending on the complexity of complementary air force and civil engineering implementation.Axial flow blower 41 can have some serial or parallel connections to run.Air outlet 51 is generally disposed at tunnel vault track clearance top, and tunnel cross-section can suitably be increased.Complementary air quantity in contact air channel can be determined according to required airflow result of calculation, and principle is to make the CO in up-downgoing tunnel and smokescope all can meet code requirement.The cross dimensions in contact air channel depends on two factors: 1. the air inlet sectional wind velocity in air channel is not preferably greater than 8m/s；2. installation dimension and the maintenance process requirement of reversible axial flow fan are met.
Similarly as it is shown on figure 3, contact air channel 32 is generally also an absolute construction, it is arranged between uplink and downlink tunnel, for downlink tunnel 2 to uplink tunnel 1 wind-guiding.Contact air channel arranges air inlet 62 with downlink tunnel crossing, and air-flow is by, after combining air-valve 82 and axial flow blower 42 boosting, sending into uplink tunnel by the air outlet 52 of uplink tunnel.The basal area defining method in contact air channel 32 is similar to contact air channel 31.
As shown in Figure 4, the top of uplink tunnel 1 and downlink tunnel 2 is provided with some jet blowers 10 all parallel；Jet blower 10 can forward and backward, its effect mainly provides boosting power needed for tunnel ventilation, and at fire time control flue gas flow direction, the quantity of jet blower 10 is determined by the air pressure balance requirement of this section.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, an air shaft 36 usually absolute construction, it is arranged at outside the tunnel that required airflow is bigger, generally it is the outside in upward slope tunnel, air shaft 36 is divided into two lattice respectively as air draft hoistway 361 and air-supply hoistway 362, and air-supply hoistway connects with downlink tunnel 2 (namely go up a slope tunnel) with 34 respectively through two diversion air ducts 33 with air draft hoistway；Arranging axial flow fan 43 in diversion air duct 33, air outlet is arranged at the vault of downlink tunnel 2, and basal area can be controlled less than 25m/s according to air output and maximum wind velocity, it may be necessary to increases vault tunnel structure.Diversion air duct 34 end absolute altitude can be usually set to identical with tunnel overhaul road absolute altitude, and air channel area takes large values according to exhaust air rate and exhaust smoke level and maximum wind velocity is designed less than 8m/s, arranges axial flow blower 44 and electric assembling air-valve 84 in air channel.
As shown in Figure 7, smokejack 35 is set and connects the air draft hoistway 361 of uplink tunnel 1 and air shaft 36, smokejack 35 can be arranged at the side of uplink tunnel 1, can also being arranged at the vault of uplink tunnel 1, air channel area is usually no more than 13m/s is designed according to exhaust smoke level and maximum smoke evacuation wind speed.In present embodiment, smokejack 35 connects with diversion air duct 34 and shares an axial flow blower 44, arranges electric assembling air-valve 85 in smokejack 35.Time when air shaft 36 is flat for supply and exhaust, then close electric assembling air-valve 85.
As it is shown in figure 1, when fire occurs when downlink tunnel 2 entrance to vertical shaft section, open axial flow blower 44 and electric assembling air-valve 84, close electric assembling air-valve 85, utilize air shaft 36 and diversion air duct 34 to discharge fume；When fire occurs when vertical shaft to downlink tunnel 2 outlet section, close the axial flow blower 41 in axial flow blower 44, axial flow fan 43, electric assembling air-valve 84,85 and contact air channel 31,32,42, combination air-valve 81,82, utilize the pressure regulation effect of jet blower 10, fire smoke is given off downlink tunnel 2.When fire occurs when uplink tunnel 1 entrance to vertical shaft section, open axial flow blower 44 and electric assembling air-valve 85, close electric assembling air-valve 84, utilize air shaft 36 and smokejack 35 to discharge fume；When fire occurs when vertical shaft to uplink tunnel 1 outlet section, close axial flow blower 43,44, electric assembling air-valve 84,85, and axial flow blower 41 in contact air channel 31,32,42, combination air-valve 81,82, utilize the pressure regulation effect of jet blower 10, fire smoke is given off uplink tunnel 1.
According to an initial estimate, super long tunnel for 6～9km length, adopt present embodiment can solve daily ventilation requirement of normally operating, place's air shaft can be saved, reduce quantity and the scale of underground Ventilator Room or surface wind machine room, reducing ventilation installation 40～50%, ventilation installation and corresponding power supplying and distributing equipment about 200～3,000,000 can be saved in every kilometer of tunnel.Therefore, if vcehicular tunnel can adopt the air vent mode based on present embodiment tunnel, will have significantly high economic worth of project.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is to be understood that for ease of those skilled in the art and apply the present invention.Above-described embodiment obviously easily can be made various amendment by person skilled in the art, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiments without through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, those skilled in the art's announcement according to the present invention, the improvement made for the present invention and amendment all should within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. vertical shaft send row to combine the double track tunnel that complementation is ventilated, including uplink tunnel and the downlink tunnel of separate type；It is characterized in that: between uplink tunnel and downlink tunnel, be provided with contact air channel, many places, these contact air channels at least include a place for uplink tunnel to downlink tunnel wind-guiding contact air channel and a place for downlink tunnel to the contact air channel of uplink tunnel wind-guiding；Up-downgoing tunnel forms ventilation circuit by these contact air channels, with the ventilation loads in balanced twin lead tunnel；
Being provided with the air shaft connected with up-downgoing tunnel outside the tunnel that in up-downgoing tunnel, required airflow is bigger, described air shaft for supply and exhaust, is used for smoke evacuation at ordinary times during fire.
2. double track tunnel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described contact air channel, be provided with axial flow blower and air-valve, the air inlet in contact air channel and air outlet are respectively positioned on outside tunnel driving track clearance, and air-valve is arranged at the side in contact air channel by air inlet.
3. double track tunnel according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: for uplink tunnel to the contact air channel of downlink tunnel wind-guiding, its air inlet is positioned at uplink tunnel inside wall, and air outlet is positioned at downlink tunnel vault；For downlink tunnel to the contact air channel of uplink tunnel wind-guiding, its air inlet is positioned at downlink tunnel inside wall, and air outlet is positioned at uplink tunnel vault.
4. double track tunnel according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the cross dimensions in described contact air channel need to meet installation dimension and the maintenance process requirement of axial flow blower, and the air inlet sectional wind velocity in air channel is not more than 8m/s.
5. double track tunnel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the top in up-downgoing tunnel is equipped with some jet blowers.
6. double track tunnel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air shaft is divided into air-supply hoistway and air draft hoistway two parts by dividing plate, air-supply hoistway and air draft hoistway connect respectively through the tunnel that two diversion air ducts are bigger with required airflow, the air inlet of one of them diversion air duct docks with air-supply hoistway, air outlet is located at tunnel vault, the air inlet of another diversion air duct is located at tunnel inside wall, and air outlet docks with air draft hoistway.
7. double track tunnel according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: being equipped with axial flow blower in said two diversion air duct, in the diversion air duct wherein docked with air draft hoistway, the side by air inlet is provided with air-valve.
8. double track tunnel according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described air draft hoistway is connected by the tunnel that smokejack is less with required airflow, one end of described smokejack is arranged at tunnel vault or tunnel inside wall, and then walk around from the tunnel upper that required airflow is bigger, the other end connects with air draft hoistway.
9. double track tunnel according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: it is provided with axial flow blower and air-valve in described smokejack.
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| CN201610340066.4A CN105781603A (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2016-05-20 | Double-track tunnel employing vertical shaft blowing and exhausting combined with complementary ventilation |
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| CN201610340066.4A CN105781603A (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2016-05-20 | Double-track tunnel employing vertical shaft blowing and exhausting combined with complementary ventilation |
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Cited By (10)
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| CN108194120A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-06-22 | 四川省交通运输厅公路规划勘察设计研究院 | Tunnel construction with generating function |
| CN108301859A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-07-20 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of Large Underground water seal cave depot group push-pull type construction ventilation method and its system |
| CN108798741A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-13 | 烟台智本知识产权运营管理有限公司 | A kind of gold mine mine air-supply air exhausting device |
| CN108915752A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-11-30 | 湖南科技大学 | Extra-long Highway Tunnel open circulation ventilation divides wind to determine method than number maximum |
| CN109209461A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-15 | 同济大学 | Single channel and perpendicular inclined shaft modular ventilation system in a kind of major long tunnel |
| CN109404031A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-01 | 河南省尧栾西高速公路建设有限公司 | A kind of band erects the compensatory formula ventilating system of two-wire and application method of inclined shaft |
| CN111425239A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-17 | 河南省交通规划设计研究院股份有限公司 | Construction method of ventilation system suitable for super-long highway tunnel |
| CN112049674A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-12-08 | 中交基础设施养护集团有限公司 | Mixed flow wind-catching opposite-discharging system and method |
| CN113137264A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-07-20 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Urban tunnel exhaust system without wind tower |
| CN113530590A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-22 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel ventilation system and ventilation method thereof |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108194120A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-06-22 | 四川省交通运输厅公路规划勘察设计研究院 | Tunnel construction with generating function |
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| CN108301859A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-07-20 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of Large Underground water seal cave depot group push-pull type construction ventilation method and its system |
| CN108798741A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-13 | 烟台智本知识产权运营管理有限公司 | A kind of gold mine mine air-supply air exhausting device |
| CN108915752B (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-09-17 | 湖南科技大学 | Extra-long Highway Tunnel open circulation ventilation divides wind to determine method than number maximum |
| CN108915752A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-11-30 | 湖南科技大学 | Extra-long Highway Tunnel open circulation ventilation divides wind to determine method than number maximum |
| CN109209461A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-15 | 同济大学 | Single channel and perpendicular inclined shaft modular ventilation system in a kind of major long tunnel |
| CN109404031A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-01 | 河南省尧栾西高速公路建设有限公司 | A kind of band erects the compensatory formula ventilating system of two-wire and application method of inclined shaft |
| CN109404031B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2024-01-09 | 河南省尧栾西高速公路建设有限公司 | Double-line compensation type ventilation system with vertical inclined shaft and application method |
| CN111425239A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-17 | 河南省交通规划设计研究院股份有限公司 | Construction method of ventilation system suitable for super-long highway tunnel |
| CN111425239B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-06-01 | 河南省交通规划设计研究院股份有限公司 | Construction method of ventilation system suitable for super-long highway tunnel |
| CN112049674A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-12-08 | 中交基础设施养护集团有限公司 | Mixed flow wind-catching opposite-discharging system and method |
| CN113137264A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-07-20 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Urban tunnel exhaust system without wind tower |
| CN113530590A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-22 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel ventilation system and ventilation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160720 |