CN100595420C - Pressure regulating and distributing chamber ventilation construction method inside tunnel assist drift heading hole - Google Patents
Pressure regulating and distributing chamber ventilation construction method inside tunnel assist drift heading hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN100595420C CN100595420C CN200810231732A CN200810231732A CN100595420C CN 100595420 C CN100595420 C CN 100595420C CN 200810231732 A CN200810231732 A CN 200810231732A CN 200810231732 A CN200810231732 A CN 200810231732A CN 100595420 C CN100595420 C CN 100595420C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pressure distributor chamber ventilation construction method in an auxiliary pilot tunnel of a tunnel, including the following steps: (a)calculating the ventilation quantityfor one heading face or two opposite heading faces inside the main tunnel of the tunnel in construction; (b) arranging a pressure distributor chamber at the joint of the main tunnel and the auxiliarypilot tunnel of the tunnel; wherein the capacity of the pressure distributor chamber is 18-23% of the maximum blast volume of a main blower in unit time; and the pressure distributor chamber is connected with the main blower arranged outside the auxiliary pilot tunnel through a main air supply duct, and supplies air to one heading face or two opposite heading faces respectively through a blower inside the tunnel and a branch air supply duct connected with the blower inside the tunnel. The pressure distributor chamber is arranged inside the main tunnel, 80-200m away from the joint of the main tunnel and the pilot tunnel. The pressure distributor chamber ventilation construction method is simple in process, low in cost, less in investment and good in ventilation effect and can solve the ventilation problem in the construction of the auxiliary pilot tunnel of a long and large tunnel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the railway tunnel construction technical field, especially relate to a kind of pressure regulating distribution chamber in tunnel auxiliary pilot pit ventilation construction method.
Background technology
When the tunnel employing drilling and blasting method of nowadays growing up is both at home and abroad constructed, generally all auxiliary base tunnel need be set, as parallel heading, inclined shaft, vertical shaft etc., its auxiliary base tunnel plays in construction and verifies geology and provide the construction working face and the effectively effect of minimizing single port Excavation Length.But for the purpose that reduces construction investment, generally auxiliary base tunnel all adopts less excavated section, as the excavated section in tunnel is long-pending at 70-160m
2, and the moulding basal area of auxiliary base tunnel mostly is 30m
2About.As everyone knows, ventilation in the constructing tunnel is one critical process, its effect is to carry enough fresh airs in export-oriented hole, hole, discharge explosion and the blasting fume and the pernicious gas that transport generation in the hole, to the needs of fresh air, make that air reaches national and industry specified standard in the hole in operating personnel in the final assurance hole and machinery.The quality of ventilation effect in the constructing tunnel of growing up directly has influence on the healthy of the progress of engineering and operating personnel.
At present, construction ventilation of tunnel adopts the forced draft type of pipeline mostly both at home and abroad, axial flow blower is set outside the hole, this axial flow blower is that flexible duct is delivered to tunnel work face with fresh air by coupled ventilating duct, under the squeezing action of the fresh air in sending into the hole of the foul atmosphere in the hole, drain into outside the hole along the barrel that has excavated.This kind draft type is along with the improve of domestic and international axial flow blower and ventilating duct performance, can solve the ventilation that the tunnel is tunneled forward by the two ends, hole, can ventilate about 3km by single axial flow blower is installed, domestic many employing diameters are the flexible duct of 1-2m, and the diameter that adopts flexible duct 5 abroad is 1.5-3m.In the tunnel when longer, adopt a plurality of axial flow blowers also, the mode of series connection to be to improve air quantity and air supplying distance.
And when adopting auxiliary base tunnel to carry out constructing tunnel, construction ventilation is then comparatively difficult, particularly when the work plane by auxiliary base tunnel construction does not connect with the import and export driving face, generally still adopt pipeline forced ventilation mode, and with import and export the mode that can adopt dash to combine after work plane connects with pipe ventilated.Specific as follows: before carrying out positive hole driving by auxiliary base tunnel and not connecting with the import and export driving face, adopt the pipeline forced ventilation, this moment is because the area of auxiliary base tunnel moulding section is limited, leads as generally putting down, the moulding basal area of transverse passage-way, inclined shaft is at 30m
2About, that is: highly being no more than 6m, width is about 5m; And will undertake the muck removal hole on the auxiliary base tunnel, transport material, supply high-pressure blast and work such as water, electricity, thereby above-mentioned facility has occupied the considerable part of the limited cross-sectional area of auxiliary base tunnel, making air chimney is that the diameter of flexible duct is subjected to great restriction, and the diameter of air chimney is directly connected to the effect of construction ventilation.In auxiliary base tunnel moulding basal area is 30m
2About situation under, after wherein deducting the needed bulk of each part mentioned above, the residual flux airduct takes up space very little, and its diameter that can hold air chimney generally is no more than 1.3m, has so just greatly limited fresh air volume and the fed distance of sending in the hole in the construction period.Because according to hydromechanical principle, five powers of the tube friction of air supply system and pipe diameter are inversely proportional to, and tube friction is the main resistance of ventilation system, generally to account for more than 90% of drag overall, thereby how overcoming the resistance of ducting is the key point of carrying out the construction ventilation of tunnel of growing up.And the tunnel undertaken by auxiliary base tunnel positive hole driving and with import and export work plane and connect after, this moment be owing to can utilize the tunnel trunk of perforation to blow and discharge fume, thereby can make the construction ventilation work simplification, can obtain ventilation effect preferably easily.
To sum up, design length is more than 6km and the traffic tunnel (railway, highway) that adopts drilling and blasting method to construct, generally all designed auxiliary pilot tunnel, comprise inclined shaft, Heng Dong, vertical shaft, transverse passage-way hole etc., these auxiliary pilot tunnels all will be born the excavation driving task in positive hole, but the section of auxiliary pilot tunnel all is far smaller than the construction section in positive hole.If the length of auxiliary pilot tunnel is longer,, only air can not be delivered to two forward and reverse heading driver's faces with a blower fan after the intersection that arrives with positive hole and will bear driving task to both direction the time; And adopt two with the fan series connection, then because the blast coupling is bad, cause ventilation not smooth; And owing to be subjected to the restriction of auxiliary pilot tunnel drift section size, ventilating in the construction is subjected to great restriction, and the resistance of ducting of long distance has consumed the function that blower fan provided, and makes to can not get enough fresh airs in the hole, influences engineering and carries out.And the way general commonly used of head it off: the one, strengthen the air chimney diameter, reduce the resistance of airduct; The 2nd, the power of raising ventilation fan; Be exactly the quantity that increases ventilating duct in addition.But owing to be subjected to assisting the restriction of pilot tunnel section, the diameter of air chimney can not arbitrarily increase, and also can not increase and decrease the quantity of ventilating duct; And increase ventilation fan power, and then be subjected to the restriction of domestic Fan Equipment factory, will cause higher power consumption simultaneously.Thereby, solve ventilating problem by these several channels and be difficult to accomplish.
The existing domestic tunnel of growing up is by auxiliary pilot tunnel tunneling construction, and the method for ventilation that is adopted is directly forced, and this method is mainly used in auxiliary base tunnel and enters the construction ventilation when both direction tunnels behind the positive hole.Roughly be divided into following two kinds: 1, unit is directly forced, promptly deliver to the intersection of assisting base tunnel and positive hole at axial flow blower of place, hole installation of auxiliary base tunnel and by flexible duct, by a tee piece air is dispensed to the driving face at two ends again, sometimes also need be behind tee piece the series shaft flow fan.This kind method is feasible when auxiliary base tunnel is born positive hole driving and do not grown (two ends are tunneled respectively and are no more than 1km), but when carrying out with the trackless transportation for large cross-section tunnel, the fresh air quantity not sufficient sent into then obviously appears, and stuffy in the hole, the situation of operating environment extreme difference.Simultaneously,, cause flexible duct, cause the ventilation system decrease in efficiency at the negative pressuren zone undergauge because the series connection blower fan produces negative pressuren zone at main air supply duct; 2, multimachine multitube road is forced, promptly adopts the mode of a plurality of blower fans and a plurality of pipeline forced ventilation, by two axial flow blowers and two cover air supply ducts are installed at the place, hole of auxiliary base tunnel, fresh air is delivered to two driving faces respectively; Though ventilation effect is guaranteed easily, strengthened the requirement of auxiliary base tunnel, should there be enough sections that two circuits are installed, to go back otherwise the influence transportation, the while also brings higher energy consumption.In some engineering constructions,, will assist the section of pilot tunnel to be strengthened, but finally cause the significantly increase of engineering cost for the consideration of construction ventilation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is at above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of pressure regulating distribution chamber in tunnel auxiliary pilot pit ventilation construction method is provided, its construction sequence is simple, cost is low, small investment and ventilation effect are good, can effectively solve the ventilating problem in the auxiliary base tunnel construction in the tunnel of growing up.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of pressure regulating distribution chamber in tunnel auxiliary pilot pit ventilation construction method is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
(a) calculate the opposite required ventilation of driving face of one or two direction in the positive hole of construction time institute's construction tunnel according to conventional methods;
(b) intersection at institute positive hole of construction tunnel and auxiliary base tunnel is provided with the pressure regulation distributor chamber, and the capacity of pressure regulation distributor chamber is the 18-23% of maximum quantity of wind in the primary air fan unit interval; The pressure regulation distributor chamber by main air supply duct be arranged on primary air fan outside the auxiliary base tunnel hole primary air fan that joins and join, the pressure regulation distributor chamber by ventilator in the hole that is arranged on its one or both sides and with the hole in the branch ajutage road that joins of ventilator respectively to the opposite driving face air-supply of one or two direction, the ventilator air quantity is not less than 120% of the required ventilation of this driving face in the hole that each driving face is blown; The air quantity of primary air fan is not less than 120% of ventilator air quantity total amount in all holes; The pressure regulation distributor chamber is arranged in the institute positive hole of construction tunnel and the described 80-200m of intersection of distance.
The described 80-120m of intersection of the distance of pressure regulation distributor chamber described in the step (b).
The capacity of pressure regulation distributor chamber described in the step (b) is 20% of an interior maximum quantity of wind of primary air fan unit interval.
The pressure regulation distributor chamber is arranged on the arch or the sidewall in positive hole described in the step (b).
Described pressure regulation distributor chamber is fixed on the arch in positive hole by the door frame of being made by shaped steel.
Pressure regulation distributor chamber described in the step (b) is the closed chamber of being made up of angle steel iron sheet or steel sheet and encapsulant.
Pressure regulation distributor chamber described in the step (b) is arranged in the positive hole and is communicated with a smooth-going side with main air supply duct.
The quantity of ventilator is to be in series between ventilator in a plurality of and a plurality of holes in the hole that each driving face is blown described in the step (b).
Described in the step (b) in primary air fan and the hole ventilator be same type or the approaching axial flow blower of performance curve.
Ventilator and divide the interface in ajutage road to be provided with volume damper in the hole described in the step (b).
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages, and 1, construction sequence is simple and cost is low; 2, compare with the direct forced ventilation mode of unit, the method that adopts the present invention in the hole, to establish the pressure regulation distributor chamber, can avoid the directly forced bad problem that produces of existing unit, it makes the pressure of air supply system be in equilibrium state by the pressure regulation distributor chamber, on main air supply duct, do not produce negative pressuren zone, thereby can keep the excellent in shape of air supply duct, and guarantee the air intake air quantity, finally improved ventilation effect; In addition,, volume damper can also be set, distribute, adapt to the needs of construction with the air of regulating at any time in the hole at the pipeline place of pressure regulation distributor chamber to two driving face air-supplies; 3, under the situation that does not increase auxiliary base tunnel cross-sectional area, because auxiliary base tunnel generally is not a permanent works, only be to provide the construction passage in the construction period, also need sealing after the completion, increase the waste beyond doubt of its section like this, adopt the present invention only need install a cover air pipeline chamber and can realize construction ventilation, compare with existing multimachine multitube road forced ventilation mode to two driving faces by the pressure regulation distributor chamber, have and reduce expenses, reduce the advantage of investments such as ventilation equipment.In a word, core of the present invention is that suitable location is provided with the pressure regulation distributor chamber that links to each other with ventilating duct inside and outside the hole in institute construction tunnel Zheng Dong hole, ventilation system inside and outside the isolated separately hole is organically linked together, make it to form a blast auto-scheduling system that connects each other, give full play to the efficient of ventilation fan, under the constant situation of existing auxiliary base tunnel section, air supply duct diameter, power of fan, effectively improve drafting efficiency.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the constructing structure schematic diagram of the concrete construction tunnel of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the Facad structure schematic diagram of pressure regulation distributor chamber of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the left view of Fig. 2.
Description of reference numerals:
1-pressure regulation distributor chamber; The positive hole of 2-; 3-assists base tunnel;
4-master's air-supply passage; The 5-primary air fan; Ventilator in the 6-hole;
7-divides the ajutage road; The 8-driving face; The 9-door frame.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of pressure regulating distribution chamber in tunnel auxiliary pilot pit ventilation construction method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
The first step, calculate the required ventilation of one or two directions are opposite in the positive hole 2 of construction time institute's construction tunnel driving face 8 according to conventional methods.In the practice, can calculate in the positive hole 2 of institute's construction tunnel the required ventilation M of each driving face 8 according to the computational methods of staff and the required air capacity of device therefor in the method for dilution harmful gas concentration in the wind speed computational methods of routine, the tunnel or the hole, tunnel.In the present embodiment, described auxiliary base tunnel 3 is for being positioned at the base tunnel of inclination from left to right of 2 belows, positive hole, and in the positive hole 2 to the left and right both direction tunnel.
Second step, in conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, in the intersection of the positive hole of institute's construction tunnel 2 and auxiliary base tunnel 3 pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 is set, the capacity of pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 is the 18-23% of maximum quantity of wind in 5 unit interval of primary air fan; Pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 is arranged on positive the hole 2 interior and described 80-200m of intersection of distance of institute's construction tunnel, pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 by main air supply duct 4 be arranged on primary air fan 5 outside auxiliary base tunnel 3 holes primary air fan 5 that joins and join, pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 by ventilator in the hole that is arranged on its one or both sides 6 and with the hole in the branch ajutage road 7 that joins of ventilator 6 respectively in the opposite hole of one or two direction driving face 8 blow, ventilator 6 is installed in pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 outside in the hole.Thereby, when adopting two the reverse driving faces 8 of the present invention to the positive hole 2 of institute's construction tunnel in to blow, be with three axial flow blowers (i.e. ventilator 6 in primary air fan 5 and two holes).Correspondingly, when a direction driving face 8 air-supply in the institute positive hole 2 of construction tunnel, be with two axial flow blowers (i.e. ventilator 6 in primary air fan 5 and the hole).In addition, the interface in ventilator 6 and branch ajutage road 7 is provided with volume damper in the hole.
In the present embodiment, pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 is arranged on positive the hole 2 interior and described 100m of intersection of distance of institute's construction tunnel, and general pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 is arranged on the described intersection of distance 80-120m place and is advisable; And pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 is arranged on the right side of described intersection, that is to say, is arranged in the positive hole 2 to be communicated with a smooth-going side with main air supply duct 4.In addition, the capacity of described pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 is 20% of an interior maximum quantity of wind of 5 unit interval of primary air fan.
In the present embodiment, described pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 is the closed chamber of being made up of angle steel iron sheet or steel sheet and encapsulant; Simultaneously, for save cost, consumable material is few and seal easy purpose, pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 is arranged on the arch in positive hole 2, and pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 is fixed on the arch in positive hole 2 by the door frame of being made by shaped steel 9.In the practice, have under the situation that enlarges excavated section, also pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 can be arranged on the sidewall in the institute positive hole 2 of construction tunnel in the positive hole 2 of institute's construction tunnel.
To sum up, the present invention proposes a kind of suitable place of back in positive hole 2 that cross in auxiliary base tunnel 3 and positive hole 2 pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 is set, have the primary air fan 5 of big air quantity and main air-supply passage 4 by outer one in auxiliary base tunnel 3 holes fresh air is delivered to the interior pressure regulation conditioning chamber 1 in positive hole 2, ventilator 6 and divide ajutage road 7 in the hole of both direction is to the left and right installed at pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 place with enough spaces is delivered to driving face 8 with air again.Can make several blower fans be combined into a complete integral body like this, improve ventilation effect thereby improve.That is to say, positive hole 2 barrels that utilization of the present invention has been excavated (carrying out the secondary lining location when having ready conditions) are provided with a pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 with suitable capacity, with the primary supply air system that is arranged on auxiliary base tunnel 3 holes is in the fresh air introducing pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 of primary air fan 5, ventilator 6 is set on pressure regulation distributor chamber 1 in the hole that both direction to the left and right blows and divides ajutage road 7, driving face 8 is delivered in the air relay.The present invention makes all air chimneys (being flexible duct) all be in barotropic state, the blast synergy of three blower fans, particularly the residue blast with ventilator 6 in two holes is delivered to primary supply air system, thereby make primary air fan 5 be in the running status of low blast, high air quantity, thereby, realize ventilation effect preferably not setting up pipeline, do not strengthen primary supply air system air chimney diameter, not increasing under the situation of energy consumption.
The above; it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not that the present invention is imposed any restrictions, everyly any simple modification that above embodiment did, change and equivalent structure changed, all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention according to the technology of the present invention essence.
Claims (10)
1. pressure regulating distribution chamber in tunnel auxiliary pilot pit ventilation construction method is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
(a) calculate according to conventional methods one or two direction in the construction time positive hole of institute's construction tunnel (2) opposite the required ventilation of driving face (8);
(b) near the intersection of institute positive hole of construction tunnel (2) and auxiliary base tunnel (3) pressure regulation distributor chamber (1) is set, the capacity of pressure regulation distributor chamber (1) is the 18-23% of maximum quantity of wind in primary air fan (5) unit interval; Pressure regulation distributor chamber (1) joins by main air supply duct (4) and the primary air fan (5) that is arranged on outside auxiliary base tunnel (3) hole, pressure regulation distributor chamber (1) by ventilator (6) in the hole that is arranged on its one or both sides and with the hole in the branch ajutage road (7) that joins of ventilator (6) blow to the opposite driving face of one or two direction (8) respectively, ventilator (6) air quantity is not less than 120% of the required ventilation of this driving face (8) in the hole that each driving face (8) is blown; The air quantity of primary air fan (5) is not less than 120% of ventilator in all holes (6) air quantity total amount; Pressure regulation distributor chamber (1) is arranged in the institute positive hole of construction tunnel (2) and the described 80-200m of intersection of distance.
2. according to the described pressure regulating distribution chamber in tunnel auxiliary pilot pit ventilation construction method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described 80-120m of intersection of the distance of pressure regulation distributor chamber (1) described in the step (b).
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described pressure regulating distribution chamber in tunnel auxiliary pilot pit ventilation construction methods, it is characterized in that: the capacity of pressure regulation distributor chamber (1) described in the step (b) is 20% of an interior maximum quantity of wind of primary air fan (5) unit interval.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 described pressure regulating distribution chamber in tunnel auxiliary pilot pit ventilation construction methods, it is characterized in that: pressure regulation distributor chamber (1) is arranged on the arch or the sidewall in positive hole (2) described in the step (b).
5. according to the described pressure regulating distribution chamber in tunnel auxiliary pilot pit ventilation construction method of claim 4, it is characterized in that: described pressure regulation distributor chamber (1) is fixed on the arch of positive hole (2) by the door frame of being made by shaped steel (9).
6. according to claim 1 or 2 described pressure regulating distribution chamber in tunnel auxiliary pilot pit ventilation construction methods, it is characterized in that: the closed chamber of pressure regulation distributor chamber (1) described in the step (b) for forming by angle steel iron sheet or steel sheet and encapsulant.
7. according to claim 1 or 2 described pressure regulating distribution chamber in tunnel auxiliary pilot pit ventilation construction methods, it is characterized in that: pressure regulation distributor chamber (1) described in the step (b) is arranged in the positive hole (2) and is positioned at the right side of described intersection.
8. according to claim 1 or 2 described pressure regulating distribution chamber in tunnel auxiliary pilot pit ventilation construction methods, it is characterized in that: the quantity of ventilator (6) is to be in series between ventilator (6) in a plurality of and a plurality of holes in the hole of the air-supply of each driving face (8) described in the step (b).
9. according to claim 1 or 2 described pressure regulating distribution chamber in tunnel auxiliary pilot pit ventilation construction methods, it is characterized in that: described in the step (b) in primary air fan (5) and the hole ventilator (6) be same type or the approaching axial flow blower of performance curve.
10. according to claim 1 or 2 described pressure regulating distribution chamber in tunnel auxiliary pilot pit ventilation construction methods, it is characterized in that: ventilator (6) and divide the interface in ajutage road (7) to be provided with volume damper in the hole described in the step (b).
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| CN200810231732A CN100595420C (en) | 2008-10-14 | 2008-10-14 | Pressure regulating and distributing chamber ventilation construction method inside tunnel assist drift heading hole |
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| CN200810231732A CN100595420C (en) | 2008-10-14 | 2008-10-14 | Pressure regulating and distributing chamber ventilation construction method inside tunnel assist drift heading hole |
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| CN100595420C true CN100595420C (en) | 2010-03-24 |
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- 2008-10-14 CN CN200810231732A patent/CN100595420C/en active Active
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