CN107387145B - Long-long tunnel ventilation system with long-distance air supply function - Google Patents
Long-long tunnel ventilation system with long-distance air supply function Download PDFInfo
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- CN107387145B CN107387145B CN201710662759.XA CN201710662759A CN107387145B CN 107387145 B CN107387145 B CN 107387145B CN 201710662759 A CN201710662759 A CN 201710662759A CN 107387145 B CN107387145 B CN 107387145B
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The long tunnel ventilation system with long-distance air supply has the main structure that three transverse channels close to the tunnel face are tunnel face transverse channels in sequence, and a first air storage transverse channel and a second air storage transverse channel are arranged on the tunnel face; ports of the first air storage transverse channel and the second air storage transverse channel are sealed by steel plates, and transverse channel axial flow fans are arranged at air outlet interfaces of the first air storage transverse channel and the second air storage transverse channel; an axial flow fan I and an axial flow fan II are arranged at the wellhead of the inclined shaft; the first axial flow fan and the second axial flow fan are respectively connected with air inlet interfaces of the first air storage transverse channel and the second air storage transverse channel through the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe; the initial end of the first air outlet pipe is connected with a transverse channel axial flow fan of the first air storage transverse channel, and the air outlet pipe is terminated at the tunnel face of the first tunnel through the second tunnel and the tunnel face transverse channel; the start end of the second air outlet pipe is connected with a transverse channel axial flow fan of the second air storage transverse channel, and the second air outlet pipe is forwards stopped on the tunnel face of the second tunnel along the second tunnel. The system has low operation cost and high ventilation efficiency, and can better ensure the construction progress and safety of the tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a long tunnel ventilation system with long-distance air supply and a construction method thereof.
Background
Ventilation is an indispensable technical link in tunnel construction of railways, highways, water conservancy, hydropower, industrial and mining projects, national defense projects, urban subway projects and the like. Under the condition of mechanized operation, fresh air is supplied to the construction site in the hole by ventilation, dust and various toxic and harmful gases are removed, a good labor environment is created, and the health and safety of constructors are ensured; at the same time, ventilation is also a necessary condition to maintain proper operation of the electromechanical devices within the tunnel. Ventilation often plays a non-negligible or even decisive role for the construction scheme and construction organization design of the entire project for various long tunnel constructions.
In most new railway construction in China, the construction progress of the long tunnel plays a role in controlling the construction period. To shorten the construction period, it is a conventional practice to organize multi-head tunneling. As to how large scale multi-head tunneling is organized, it is often dependent on whether ventilation technology can provide for long-distance single-head rapid tunneling. At present, ventilation of newly built railway tunnels in China generally has the problem that effective air supply of working surfaces is insufficient, and long railway tunnels are built to accelerate construction progress in a mode of increasing trackless transportation inclined shafts. However, the trackless transportation inclined shaft is seriously polluted, and particularly, ventilation of a working face for bearing more than two working faces of a single inclined shaft in positive tunnel construction is very difficult, the ventilation efficiency is difficult to ensure because of long single-head tunneling length and high requirements on the diameter of an air pipe and a fan, the working efficiency is reduced due to the difficulty of ventilation in the construction process, the progress is slow, and the safety is difficult to ensure.
The current common practice for construction ventilation of double tunnel multi-working surfaces for extra long railways exceeding 10km is tunnel ventilation. The specific method comprises the following steps: and excavating an inclined shaft which is obliquely communicated with the tunnel above the tunnel with a certain length away from the tunnel portal, sucking fresh air at the inclined shaft portal by an axial flow fan, conveying the fresh air to the tunnel face of one tunnel through an air pipe, pumping the air of the tunnel face to the other tunnel through an exhaust fan of a transverse channel near the tunnel face, and discharging the air out of the tunnel through a plurality of jet flow fans arranged along the tunnel. The disadvantage of this ventilation is that: fresh air pumped by the axial flow fan from the outside of the inclined shaft hole is required to be conveyed to the tunnel face through the air pipe by a longer distance, more air pipes are required to be consumed, the longer air pipe has a larger air leakage rate, and the ventilation efficiency is difficult to ensure. In addition, because the inclined shaft mouth axial flow fan needs to be blown to the vicinity of the face at one time, when the air supply distance is overlong, the fan needs long-time high-power operation, and the power consumption is big, and the fan damage is great, and operation maintenance cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a long tunnel ventilation system with long-distance air supply, which is used for long-distance air supply to a long tunnel, has low operation and maintenance cost and high ventilation efficiency, and can better ensure the construction progress and the construction safety of the tunnel; and the damage of the fan is small, and the ventilation cost is low.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the purpose of the invention is that the long tunnel ventilation system for long-distance air supply comprises an inclined shaft, a first tunnel communicated with the inclined shaft and a second tunnel communicated with the first tunnel through a plurality of transverse channels; arranging a plurality of jet fans between the tunnel face of the first tunnel and the wellhead of the inclined shaft; the method is characterized in that:
the transverse channel closest to the face among the plurality of transverse channels is a face transverse channel; the transverse channel closest to the tunnel face transverse channel is a first air storage transverse channel, and the transverse channel closest to the first air storage transverse channel is a second air storage transverse channel; jet fans are also arranged in the transverse passages of the tunnel face;
ports on two sides of the first air storage transverse channel and the second air storage transverse channel are sealed by steel plates, an air inlet port is formed in the steel plate on the first tunnel side of the first air storage transverse channel and the second air storage transverse channel, and an air outlet port is formed in the steel plate on the second tunnel side; the air outlet interfaces of the first air storage transverse channel and the second air storage transverse channel are respectively provided with a transverse channel axial flow fan;
an axial flow fan I and an axial flow fan II are arranged at the wellhead of the inclined shaft;
the axial flow fan I is connected with an air inlet interface of the first air storage transverse channel through an air inlet pipe I; the initial end of the first air outlet pipe is connected with a transverse channel axial flow fan of the first air storage transverse channel, and the air outlet pipe is terminated at the tunnel face of the first tunnel through the second tunnel and the tunnel face transverse channel;
the axial flow fan II is connected with an air inlet interface of the second air storage transverse channel through an air inlet pipe II; the start end of the second air outlet pipe is connected with a transverse channel axial flow fan of the second air storage transverse channel, and the second air outlet pipe is forwards stopped on the tunnel face of the second tunnel along the second tunnel.
The working process and principle of the invention are as follows:
fresh air is pumped in from the outside of the wellhead of the inclined shaft by the axial flow fan I, is input into the first air storage transverse channel through the air inlet pipe I, and flows to the tunnel face of the first tunnel through the air outlet pipe I; air on the tunnel face of the first tunnel is sequentially blown to the inclined shaft by a plurality of jet fans arranged between the tunnel face of the first tunnel and the wellhead of the inclined shaft, and finally is blown to the ground through the wellhead of the inclined shaft.
Meanwhile, the second axial flow fan is started, fresh air is pumped in from the outside of the wellhead of the inclined shaft by the second axial flow fan, is input into a second air storage transverse channel through the second air inlet pipe, and flows to the tunnel face of the second tunnel through the second air outlet pipe; air on the tunnel face of the second tunnel is blown to the vicinity of the tunnel face of the first tunnel by a jet fan in a transverse channel of the tunnel face; and then the tunnel face of the first tunnel and the wellhead of the inclined shaft are sequentially blown to the inclined shaft by a plurality of jet fans arranged between the tunnel face of the first tunnel and the wellhead of the inclined shaft, and finally the tunnel face is blown to the ground through the wellhead of the inclined shaft.
When the system works, the transverse channel axial flow fans of the first and second wind storage transverse channels can be started at the same time; two sections of relay type air draft are formed by the axial flow fan I and the transverse channel axial flow fan of the first air storage transverse channel; the axial flow fan II and the transverse channel axial flow fan of the second wind storage transverse channel also form two sections of relay type air draft. The two-section relay type air draft increases the air draft power and improves the ventilation efficiency and the ventilation speed.
When the system works, the first axial flow fan and the transverse channel axial flow fan of the first wind storage transverse channel can be started in turn; and opening the axial flow fan II and the transverse channel axial flow fan of the second wind storage transverse channel in turn. An alternate air draft mode that the front axial flow fan and the rear axial flow fan work in turn is formed. The alternate air draft mode can reduce the high-power continuous time of the axial flow fan and reduce the damage to the axial flow fan.
Obviously, the system is a dynamic system, and along with the advancement of tunnel excavation, a new transverse channel is excavated near the tunnel face; the new transverse channel becomes a tunnel face transverse channel, and the original tunnel face transverse channel and the first air storage transverse channel become a first air storage transverse channel and a second air storage transverse channel respectively; the sealing structure of the original second wind storage transverse channel is removed to form a common transverse channel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention divides the air supply process of the air pipe into two sections, wherein the front section is an inclined shaft to a transverse channel, the rear section is a transverse channel to a tunnel face, and the two-section air supply relieves the ventilation pressure of one-section air supply at one time: the two-section relay type air supply can be carried out by simultaneously working the fans (the first axial flow fan and the second axial flow fan) at the front section and the fans (the transverse channel axial flow fans of the first air storage transverse channel and the second air storage transverse channel). The two-section relay type air supply can reduce the work load of a single fan, improve the air draft power of the whole air duct, improve the ventilation efficiency and the ventilation speed, and further better ensure the construction progress and the construction safety of the tunnel.
2. The two-section type air supply device can alternately work the front section fan and the rear section fan to form alternate air draft. The long-time continuous high-load work of the fan is avoided, the damage of the fan is reduced, the service life of the fan is prolonged, the maintenance and the cost of the fan are reduced, the ventilation cost is further reduced, and the construction progress is improved.
3. The transverse channel axial flow fan additionally arranged for long-distance ventilation is positioned in a large-volume transverse channel, the specification of the transverse channel axial flow fan is not limited by the diameter of an air pipe, and the large-size high-power axial flow fan can be used, so that the ventilation efficiency and the air quantity are effectively improved.
4. The first and second wind storage transverse channels are formed by sealing existing transverse channels during tunnel excavation, are not independently constructed structures, and do not occupy main tunnel space; the construction is quick, and the construction of the tunnel is not influenced.
Further, the specific structure of the invention that the ports on both sides of the first air storage transverse channel and the second air storage transverse channel are sealed by steel plates is as follows:
the inner walls of the first air storage transverse channel and the second air storage transverse channel and ports on two sides are provided with I-steel frameworks, steel plates are covered on the I-steel frameworks, and the joints of the steel plates are connected by welding to form a sealed steel plate cylinder.
Therefore, the first air storage transverse channel and the second air storage transverse channel are fast in sealing, low in cost and convenient to dismount.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Examples
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the invention, namely a long and large tunnel ventilation system for long-distance air supply, which comprises an inclined shaft 3, a first tunnel 1 communicated with the inclined shaft 3, and a second tunnel 2 communicated with the first tunnel 1 through a plurality of transverse channels; a plurality of jet fans 7 are arranged between the face 4 of the first tunnel 1 and the wellhead of the inclined shaft 3; the method is characterized in that:
the closest transverse channel from the face 4 in the plurality of transverse channels is a face transverse channel 50; the closest transverse channel to the tunnel face transverse channel 4 is a first air storage transverse channel 51, and the closest transverse channel to the first air storage transverse channel 51 is a second air storage transverse channel 52; jet fans 7 are also arranged in the transverse tunnel 50 of the face;
ports on two sides of the first air storage transverse channel 51 and the second air storage transverse channel 52 are sealed by steel plates, an air inlet port is formed in the steel plate on the first tunnel side of the first air storage transverse channel 51 and the second air storage transverse channel 52, and an air outlet port is formed in the steel plate on the second tunnel side; the air outlet interfaces of the first air storage transverse channel 51 and the second air storage transverse channel 52 are respectively provided with a transverse channel axial flow fan 83;
an axial flow fan I81 and an axial flow fan II 82 are arranged at the wellhead of the inclined shaft 3;
the first axial flow fan 81 is connected with an air inlet interface of the first air storage transverse channel 51 through an air inlet pipe 91 a; the initial end of the first air outlet pipe 91b is connected with the transverse channel axial flow fan 83 of the first air storage transverse channel 51, and the first air outlet pipe 91b is terminated at the tunnel face 4 of the first tunnel 1 through the second tunnel 2 and the tunnel face transverse channel 50;
the second axial flow fan 82 is connected with an air inlet interface of the second air storage transverse channel 52 through a second air inlet pipe 92 a; the start end of the second air outlet pipe 92b is connected with the transverse channel axial flow fan 83 of the second air storage transverse channel 52, and the second air outlet pipe 92b is forwards terminated at the tunnel face 4 of the second tunnel 2 along the second tunnel 2.
The specific structure of the first air storage lateral passage 51 and the second air storage lateral passage 52 of this example is that the ports on both sides are sealed with steel plates:
the I-steel frameworks are arranged on the inner walls of the first air storage transverse channel 51 and the second air storage transverse channel 52 and the ports on the two sides, steel plates are covered on the I-steel frameworks, and the joints of the steel plates are connected by welding to form a sealed steel plate cylinder.
Claims (1)
1. A long tunnel ventilation system with long-distance air supply comprises an inclined shaft (3), a first tunnel (1) communicated with the inclined shaft (3) and a second tunnel (2) communicated with the first tunnel (1) through a plurality of transverse channels; a plurality of jet fans (7) are arranged between the tunnel face (4) of the first tunnel (1) and the wellhead of the inclined shaft (3); the method is characterized in that:
the nearest transverse channel from the tunnel face (4) in the transverse channels is a tunnel face transverse channel (50); the transverse channel closest to the tunnel face transverse channel (50) is a first air storage transverse channel (51), and the transverse channel closest to the first air storage transverse channel (51) is a second air storage transverse channel (52); a jet fan (7) is also arranged in the transverse tunnel (50);
ports on two sides of the first air storage transverse channel (51) and the second air storage transverse channel (52) are sealed by steel plates, an air inlet port is formed in the steel plates on the first tunnel side of the first air storage transverse channel (51) and the second air storage transverse channel (52), and an air outlet port is formed in the steel plates on the second tunnel side; the air outlet interfaces of the first air storage transverse channel (51) and the second air storage transverse channel (52) are respectively provided with a transverse channel axial flow fan (83);
an axial flow fan I (81) and an axial flow fan II (82) are arranged at the wellhead of the inclined shaft (3);
the first axial flow fan (81) is connected with an air inlet interface of the first air storage transverse channel (51) through an air inlet pipe (91 a); the initial end of the first air outlet pipe (91 b) is connected with a transverse channel axial flow fan (83) of the first air storage transverse channel (51), and the first air outlet pipe (91 b) is terminated at the tunnel face (4) of the first tunnel (1) through the second tunnel (2) and the tunnel face transverse channel (50);
the second axial flow fan (82) is connected with an air inlet interface of the second air storage transverse channel (52) through a second air inlet pipe (92 a); the starting end of the second air outlet pipe (92 b) is connected with a transverse channel axial flow fan (83) of the second air storage transverse channel (52), and the second air outlet pipe (92 b) is forwards terminated at the tunnel face (4) of the second tunnel (2) along the second tunnel (2);
the specific structure of the sealing of the ports on the two sides of the first air storage transverse channel (51) and the second air storage transverse channel (52) by using the steel plates is as follows:
the inner walls of the first air storage transverse channel (51) and the second air storage transverse channel (52) and ports on two sides are provided with I-steel frameworks, steel plates are covered on the I-steel frameworks, and the joints of the steel plates are connected by welding to form a sealed steel plate cylinder;
along with the advancement of tunnel excavation, a new transverse channel is excavated near the tunnel face (4); the new transverse channel becomes a tunnel face transverse channel (50), and the original tunnel face transverse channel and the first air storage transverse channel become a first air storage transverse channel (51) and a second air storage transverse channel (52) respectively; the sealing structure of the original second wind storage transverse channel is removed to form a common transverse channel.
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| CN201710662759.XA CN107387145B (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2017-08-04 | Long-long tunnel ventilation system with long-distance air supply function |
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| CN201710662759.XA CN107387145B (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2017-08-04 | Long-long tunnel ventilation system with long-distance air supply function |
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| CN107387145B true CN107387145B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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| CN108756995A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-11-06 | 济南城建集团有限公司 | A kind of city tunnel cooling construction method |
| CN109341961B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2021-06-18 | 中交第二公路工程局有限公司 | Air leakage rate testing system and method for ventilation air pipe in high-altitude tunnel construction |
| CN109707433A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-03 | 中铁十六局集团有限公司 | A kind of inclined shaft ventilation technics of constructing tunnel |
| CN113898395A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-01-07 | 中煤第三建设（集团）有限责任公司 | Ventilation method and ventilation system for extra-long inclined shaft of coal mine |
| CN117248902B (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2024-02-06 | 乐山市通达交通勘察设计有限责任公司 | Tunnel harmful gas while-drilling detection advanced detection device |
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