CN108756989A - A kind of Tunnel Ventilation System and tunnel ventilation method - Google Patents
A kind of Tunnel Ventilation System and tunnel ventilation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108756989A CN108756989A CN201810767157.5A CN201810767157A CN108756989A CN 108756989 A CN108756989 A CN 108756989A CN 201810767157 A CN201810767157 A CN 201810767157A CN 108756989 A CN108756989 A CN 108756989A
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/006—Ventilation at the working face of galleries or tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of Tunnel Ventilation System of present invention offer and tunnel ventilation method, including providing a kind of Tunnel Ventilation System, Tunnel Ventilation System include drain cavern, left line, right line, it is flat lead, total air inlet, main return airway, multiple left lateral roads and multiple right lateral roads, total air inlet connects right line and drain cavern, main return airway is connected to left line, flat lead of left road connection is connected to flat leads and right line with left line, right road;Total air inlet and the connectivity part of right line are disposed with air compartment;Method includes:To the right excavation surface construction of flat the first excavation face, the left excavation face of left line and the right line led, flat the first excavation face led is constructed pre-determined distance in advance relative to the left excavation face of left line and the right excavation face of right line;Between two left lateral roads arrangement connection it is flat lead with the roads Zuo Xianzuo, arrangement connection is flat between two right lateral roads leads and the roads You Xianyou;Preceding brattice is moved along to extend air compartment.Air compartment extends forward by stages, alleviates the pressure of disposable ventilation over long distances, improves drafting efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of tunnel construction, more particularly, to a kind of tunnel for super long tunnel long distance construction
Ventilating system and tunnel ventilation method.
Background technology
In the constructing tunnels such as the railway in China, highway, water conservancy, water power, industrial and mineral, defence engineering and city underground engineering,
Ventilation is indispensable sport technique segment, and aeration technology is usually all the technical bottleneck for controlling Extra Long Tunnel Construction.It applies in tunnel
Work draft type can be divided into two type of ventilation by pipes and ventilation by ducts according to the type and ventilation blower installation site in air duct
Type.Early stage, which had the shortcomings that itself is difficult to overcome, such as wind turbine cloth more using main fan long air hose forced ventilation mode
Set quantity is more, power is big, need to often tear open move wind turbine, wind direction is difficult to control, there are waste air cycle and is difficult to solve multiplexing
The problems such as making surface construction ventilation.Current then more uses laneway type longitudinal ventilation with jetblower mode, which to be suitable for having parallel heading
Major long tunnel, its main feature is that by the transverse passage-way of foremost make main tunnel it is peaceful lead composition one complete distinguished and admirable circulatory system,
And to it is flat lead and main tunnel base tunnel before dead face be aided with local ventilation by pipes again.Ventilation by ducts is in the past and present
A kind of effective ways of major long tunnel construction ventilation are solved, and also will be a kind of main method in the future.
China is at this stage in newly built railway circuit, and speciality type Tunnel Engineering quantity gradually increases, the case where compressing the duration
Lower put down using increase leads to be formed the mainstream scheme that multiplexing makees tunneling construction as most speciality type constructing tunnel modes, but by
In using the mode of flexible transport inclined shaft to accelerate construction progress, even more serious, whole ventilation effect is polluted so as to cause internal combustion engine
Rate is difficult to ensure or even construction personnel's safety is also difficult to be protected.
At present for the speciality Double-track Tunnel more than 10Km(It repaiies in double holes point)Add the construction of the flat Multi-working-surface led logical
The usual way of wind is ventilation by ducts, and specific practice is:In the tunnel upper excavation and tunnel from tunnel portal certain length
The inclined shaft of the oblique connection in road is sucked fresh wind by axial flow blower in slope mouth, and by air hose by fresh air force feed to one
The face in a tunnel, the air of face are pumped again by the exhaust fan of the transverse passage-way near face to another tunnel,
Outside the multiple jet blower dispatch to hole arranged on the way through the tunnel again.The shortcomings that this draft type, is that:Axial flow blower
The fresh wind being pumped into outside inclined shaft hole needs to be conveyed to tunnel tunnel face from air hose by longer distance, needs to expend more
Air hose, and longer air hose air leak rate of air curtain is larger, and drafting efficiency is difficult to ensure.Further, since slope mouth axial flow blower needs
Near disposable air-supply to face, when air supplying distance is long, wind turbine needs long-time high power to operate, and power consumption is big, wind
Machine damage is larger, and operation maintenance is costly.
Invention content
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Tunnel Ventilation System for super long tunnel long distance construction.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of tunnel ventilation method for super long tunnel long distance construction.
For the first purpose for realizing above-mentioned, Tunnel Ventilation System provided by the invention includes drain cavern, left line, right line, puts down
Lead, total air inlet, main return airway, multiple left lateral roads and multiple right lateral roads, total air inlet connects right line and drain cavern, main return airway
It is connected to left line, left line and right line are respectively arranged in the flat both sides led, and left lateral road is located between left line peace leads, and right lateral road is located at right
Between line peace is led;Be provided with left road between two left lateral roads, left road connection is flat lead with left line, be provided between two right lateral roads
Right road, right road connection is flat to be led and right line;Total air inlet and the connectivity part of right line are disposed with air compartment, left brattice, the preceding brattice of air compartment
It is arranged with axial flow blower with rear brattice;Along construction direction, flat the first excavation face led is located at the left excavation face of left line and right line
Right excavation face front.
By said program as it can be seen that whole ventilation by drain cavern, left line, right line, it is flat lead, it is total air inlet, main return airway, more
A left lateral road and multiple right lateral roads carry out, and can alleviate the pressure of disposable ventilation over long distances.
One Preferable scheme is that, Tunnel Ventilation System include at least two main lateral roads, along construction direction, main lateral road is located at
It is flat lead, the rear of left lateral road and right lateral road.
One Preferable scheme is that, be provided with main stem between main lateral road, main stem is connected to left line and right line.
One Preferable scheme is that, jet blower is disposed in main stem.
One Preferable scheme is that, jet blower be arranged in Zuo Dao and right road.
One Preferable scheme is that, the front of brattice before left excavation face and right excavation face are respectively positioned on is provided with wind in right road
Wall;A left side is disposed in left line every portion, a left side is every portion and left excavation face every Kongxiang pair, and a left side is every portion across at least two left lateral roads;Right line
The right side is inside disposed with every portion, the right side is every portion and right excavation face every Kongxiang pair, and the right side is every portion across at least two right lateral roads.
For the second purpose for realizing above-mentioned, tunnel ventilation method provided by the invention, including a kind of tunnel ventilation system of offer
System, Tunnel Ventilation System include drain cavern, left line, right line, it is flat lead, total air inlet, main return airway, multiple left lateral roads and multiple right sides
Lateral road, total air inlet connect right line and drain cavern, and main return airway is connected to left line, and left line and right line are respectively arranged in flat two led
Side, left lateral road are located between left line peace leads, and right lateral road is located between right line peace leads;It is provided with a left side between two left lateral roads
Road, the connection of left road is flat lead with left line, be provided with right road between two right lateral roads, right road connection is flat to be led and right line;Total air inlet and
The connectivity part of right line is disposed with air compartment, and left brattice, preceding brattice and the rear brattice of air compartment are arranged with axial flow blower;Method includes:
To the right excavation surface construction of flat the first excavation face, the left excavation face of left line and the right line led, flat the first excavation face led relative to
The left excavation face of left line and the right excavation face of right line are constructed pre-determined distance in advance;Between two left lateral roads arrangement connection it is flat lead and
The roads Zuo Xianzuo, arrangement connection is flat between two right lateral roads leads and the roads You Xianyou;Preceding brattice is moved along to extend air compartment.
It can be seen that air compartment extends forward, more operation surface constructions in front of tunnel piercing can be supplied, alleviate it is disposable it is long away from
Pressure from ventilation forms dynamic and manages, and can reduce the high request of whole Fan Equipment configuration, can also meet construction needs wind to want
It asks;Greatly reduce the cost inputs such as air duct, wind turbine, personnel in integrally ventilation cost management simultaneously, optimizes benefit.Whole ventilation
By drain cavern, left line, right line, it is flat lead, total air inlet, main return airway, multiple left lateral roads and multiple right lateral roads carry out, can alleviate
The pressure of disposable ventilation over long distances.
One Preferable scheme is that, Tunnel Ventilation System include at least two main lateral roads, along construction direction, main lateral road is located at
It is flat lead, the rear of left lateral road and right lateral road;Main stem is provided between main lateral road, main stem is connected to left line and right line.
One Preferable scheme is that, jet blower is disposed in main stem, jet blower is arranged in Zuo Dao and right road.
One Preferable scheme is that, along construction direction, the front of brattice, right road before left excavation face and right excavation face are respectively positioned on
Inside it is provided with brattice;A left side is disposed in left line every portion, a left side is every portion and left excavation face every Kongxiang pair, and a left side is every portion across at least two left sides
Lateral road;The right side is disposed in right line every portion, the right side is every portion and right excavation face every Kongxiang pair, and the right side is every portion across at least two right lateral roads.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram when air compartment of Tunnel Ventilation System embodiment of the present invention not yet extends forward.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram after the air compartment of Tunnel Ventilation System embodiment of the present invention extends forward for the first time.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram after the air compartment of Tunnel Ventilation System embodiment of the present invention extends forward for the second time.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Specific implementation mode
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the Tunnel Ventilation System 100 of the present embodiment include drain cavern 1, left line 2, right line 3, it is flat lead 5,
Total air inlet 6, main return airway 7, multiple left lateral roads 8 and multiple right lateral roads 9 are front direction along the direction of constructing tunnel, total to enter the wind
Lane 6 connects right line 3 and drain cavern 1, and main return airway 7 is connected to left line 2, left line 2 and right line 3 be respectively arranged in it is flat lead 5 both sides, it is left
Lateral road 8 is located between 2 peace of left line leads 5, and right lateral road 9, which is located at 3 peace of right line, leads between 5;It is provided with a left side between two left lateral roads 8
Road 10, the connection of left road 10 is flat to lead 5 and left line 2, and right road 11 is provided between two right lateral roads 9, and the connection of right road 11 is flat to lead 5 and right line
3;Total air inlet 6 and the connectivity part of right line 3 are disposed with air compartment 12, and left brattice 13, preceding brattice 15 and the rear brattice 16 of air compartment 12 are equal
It is disposed with axial flow blower 17.Along construction direction, the front of brattice 15 before left excavation face 22 and right excavation face 23 are respectively positioned on is flat to lead 5
The first excavation face 21 be located at the front of the left excavation face 22 of left line 2 and the right excavation face 23 of right line 3.It is provided with wind in right road 11
Wall 24.The filled arrows of attached drawing indicate that the flow direction of air inlet, the hollow arrow of attached drawing indicate the flow direction of return air.
Tunnel Ventilation System 100 includes at least two main lateral roads 18, and along construction direction, main lateral road 18, which is located to put down, leads 5, Zuo Heng
The rear in road 8 and right lateral road 9.Main stem 19 is provided between main lateral road 18, main stem 19 is connected to left line 2 and right line 3.Cloth in main stem 19
It is equipped with jet blower 20.It is flat to lead 5, left line 2, be arranged with jet blower 20 in the left roads Dao10He You 11.It is disposed with a left side in left line 2
Every portion 25, a left side is every portion 25 and left excavation face 22 every Kongxiang pair, and a left side is every portion 25 across at least two left lateral roads 8;It is disposed in right line 3
The right side is every portion 26, and the right side is every portion 26 and right excavation face 23 every Kongxiang pair, and the right side is every portion 26 across at least two right lateral roads 9.A left side is every portion 25
First face 28 is leaned on far from left excavation face 22, the right side every the third face 30 in portion 26 close to left excavation face 22, left the second face 29 every portion 25
Nearly right excavation face 23, the left fourth face 31 every portion 25 is far from right excavation face 23.Along construction direction, preceding brattice 15 and fourth face 31 it
Between be disposed with right road 11.Jet stream motor 20 is arranged with to improve drafting efficiency in total air inlet 6, main return airway 7.
Tunnel ventilation method, includes the following steps:Step 1, to the first excavation face 21, left excavation face 22 and right excavation face 23
Construction, it is flat to lead 5 the first excavation face 21 construction is pre- in advance relative to the left excavation face 22 and the right excavation face 23 of right line 3 of left line 2
If distance, pre-determined distance is 2 kms;Step 2, the flat left road 10 for leading 5 and left line 2 of arrangement connection between two left lateral roads 8,
The flat right road 11 for leading 5 and right line 3 of arrangement connection between two right lateral roads 9, while to the first face 28, the second face 29, third face 30
It constructs with fourth face 31, it is left every portion 25 and right every the Forward of portion 26 to enable;Step 3, preceding brattice 15 is moved along to extend air compartment
12.In super long tunnel long distance construction, it can be recycled with the construction forward in tunnel and execute above three step in tunnel
It is aerated in long distance construction.
Referring to Fig. 1, air compartment 12 not yet extends forward at this time, and the location of preceding brattice 15 is first position.
Referring to Fig. 2, at this point, left brattice 13, preceding brattice 15, rear brattice 16 and brattice 24 surround air compartment 12, air compartment 12 is for the first time
Extend forward, preceding brattice 15 moves forward to the second position from first position, and first position is disposed with brattice 27, and brattice 27 is provided with axis
Galvanic electricity machine 17, brattice 27 can accelerate the flow velocity of air inlet.Flat lead is provided with jet stream motor 20 in 5 and left line 2, jet stream motor 20 can add
The flow velocity of fast return air.
Referring to Fig. 3, at this point, left brattice 13, preceding brattice 15, rear brattice 16 and brattice 24 surround air compartment 12, air compartment 12 second
Secondary to extend forward, preceding brattice 15 moves forward to the third place from the second position, and the second position is disposed with brattice 32, and brattice 32 is arranged
There are axis galvanic electricity machine 17, brattice 27 that can accelerate the flow velocity of air inlet.Flat lead is provided with jet stream motor 20, jet stream motor 20 in 5 and left line 2
It can accelerate the flow velocity of return air.
Vertically, main return airway 7 is located at the top of drain cavern 1, therefore, between air return lane 7 and drain cavern 1 there are because
Natural height difference and the draught head formed, air-flow pass sequentially through drain cavern 1 and total air inlet 6 under the action of the draught head and into
Enter air compartment 12.Air-flow in air compartment 12 forms air inlet under the action of axial flow blower 17 along the filled arrows flowing of diagram, into
Wind is encountering the first excavation face 21, left excavation face 22, right excavation face 23, the first face 28, the second face 29, third face 30 and fourth face
Return air is formed along the modest arrow reflux of diagram after 31, return air eventually passes through main return airway 7 and flows out, and return air is in jet blower
It can accelerate flow velocity under the action of 20.
Air compartment 12 extends forward by stages, adjusts the position of each brattice in right line 3 by stages, by whole tunnel
Road long distance construction ventilation segmentation divides, the compound ventilation pattern of formation stages type.More works in front of tunnel piercing can be supplied
Industry surface construction alleviates the pressure of disposable ventilation over long distances, forms dynamic and manage, and can reduce the height of whole Fan Equipment configuration
It is required that can also meet construction needs wind requirement;Simultaneously integrally ventilation cost management on greatly reduce air duct, wind turbine, personnel etc. at
This input optimizes benefit.Whole ventilation passes through drain cavern 1, left line 2, right line 3, flat 5, the total air inlet 6, main return airway 7, more led
A left lateral road 8 and multiple right lateral roads 9 carry out, and can alleviate the pressure of disposable ventilation over long distances.Jet blower 20 adjust wind pressure with
Return air speed is further speeded up, mitigates the load totally entered the wind, while the drafting efficiency of entire ventilating system can be improved again, in turn
Preferably ensure construction organization and the construction safety in tunnel.
Finally it is emphasized that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, the foregoing is merely the preferable realities of the present invention
Apply example, be not intended to limit the invention, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made by it is any modification, equally replace
It changes, improve, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Tunnel Ventilation System, it is characterised in that:Including drain cavern, left line, right line, it is flat lead, total air inlet, total return air
Lane, multiple left lateral roads and multiple right lateral roads, total air inlet connect the right line and the drain cavern, and the main return airway connects
Lead to the left line, the left line and the right line are respectively arranged in the flat both sides led, and the left lateral road is located at the left line
And it is described it is flat lead between, the right lateral road be located at the right line and it is described put down lead between;
Left road is provided between two left lateral roads, left described put down of road connection is led and the left line, two right cross
Right road is provided between road, right described put down of road connection is led and the right line;
Total air inlet and the connectivity part of the right line are disposed with air compartment, left brattice, preceding brattice and the rear brattice of the air compartment
It is arranged with axial flow blower;
Along construction direction, flat first excavation face led is located at the right excavation face of the left excavation face and the right line of the left line
Front.
2. Tunnel Ventilation System according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The Tunnel Ventilation System includes at least two main lateral roads, and along construction direction, the main lateral road, which is located at described put down, leads, is described
The rear of left lateral road and the right lateral road.
3. Tunnel Ventilation System according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Main stem is provided between the main lateral road, the main stem is connected to the left line and the right line.
4. Tunnel Ventilation System according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
It is disposed with jet blower in the main stem.
5. Tunnel Ventilation System according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
The jet blower is arranged in the left road and the right road.
6. Tunnel Ventilation System according to any one of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that:
The left excavation face and the right excavation face are respectively positioned on the front of the preceding brattice, and brattice is provided in the right road;
A left side is disposed in the left line every portion, the left side is every portion and the left excavation face every Kongxiang pair, and the left side is every portion across extremely
Few two left lateral roads;
The right side is disposed in the right line every portion, the right side is every portion and the right excavation face every Kongxiang pair, and the right side is every portion across extremely
Few two right lateral roads.
7. a kind of tunnel ventilation method, which is characterized in that including:
A kind of Tunnel Ventilation System is provided, the Tunnel Ventilation System include drain cavern, left line, right line, it is flat lead, total air inlet,
Main return airway, multiple left lateral roads and multiple right lateral roads, total air inlet connects the right line and the drain cavern, described always to return
Air way is connected to the left line, and the left line and the right line are respectively arranged in the flat both sides led, and the left lateral road is located at institute
State left line and it is described it is flat lead between, the right lateral road be located at the right line and it is described put down lead between;
Total air inlet and the connectivity part of the right line are disposed with air compartment, left brattice, preceding brattice and the rear brattice of the air compartment
It is arranged with axial flow blower;
The method includes:
To the right excavation surface construction of flat first excavation face led, the left excavation face of the left line and the right line, described the
One excavation face is constructed pre-determined distance in advance relative to the left excavation face and the right excavation face;
Between two left lateral roads arrangement connection it is described it is flat lead with the roads Zuo Xianzuo, between two right lateral roads
Described put down of arrangement connection is led and the roads You Xianyou;
The preceding brattice is moved along to extend the air compartment.
8. tunnel ventilation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
The Tunnel Ventilation System includes at least two main lateral roads, and along construction direction, the main lateral road, which is located at described put down, leads, is described
The rear of left lateral road and the right lateral road;
Main stem is provided between the main lateral road, the main stem is connected to the left line and the right line.
9. tunnel ventilation method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:
It is disposed with jet blower in the main stem, jet blower is arranged in the left road and the right road.
10. pipeline tapping method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, it is characterised in that:
Along construction direction, the left excavation face and the right excavation face are respectively positioned on the front of the preceding brattice, are set in the right road
It is equipped with brattice;
A left side is disposed in the left line every portion, the left side is every portion and the left excavation face every Kongxiang pair, and the left side is every portion across extremely
Few two left lateral roads;
The right side is disposed in the right line every portion, the right side is every portion and the right excavation face every Kongxiang pair, and the right side is every portion across extremely
Few two right lateral roads.
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CN109958467A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-02 | 中铁十七局集团第二工程有限公司 | A kind of dust control by ventilation method for constructing tunnel |
CN111425237A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-17 | 中铁五局集团有限公司 | Staged ventilation method based on complex cavern group construction |
CN112780329A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-05-11 | 中交第二公路工程局有限公司 | Construction ventilation method for vertical shaft assisted parallel three-hole method tunnel |
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CN112780329A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-05-11 | 中交第二公路工程局有限公司 | Construction ventilation method for vertical shaft assisted parallel three-hole method tunnel |
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