CN1852795A - 用于纤维增强浆料的嵌入装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种在建筑板材生产线(10)中使用的嵌入装置(20),其中浆料(16)在移动载体(14)上相对于支撑框架(12)被传送,并且碎纤维(18)被放置在浆料(16)上,包括被固定到支撑框架(12)上并且具有第一多个轴向隔开圆盘(32)的第一长轴(22),被固定到支撑框架(12)上并且具有第二多个轴向隔开圆盘(32)的第二长轴(24),第一轴(22)相对于第二轴(24)被设置使得圆盘(32)彼此啮合。该啮合关系增强了纤维(18)嵌入浆料(16)中的效果并且还防止了装置被过早凝固的浆料颗粒所堵塞。
Description
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及用于将纤维嵌入到可凝固浆料中的装置,并且特别地涉及一种被设计为能沿水泥板或水泥质建筑板材(“SCP”)生产线将纤维嵌入到可凝固水泥浆料中的装置。
背景技术
在建筑业中使用水泥质板材以形成住宅和/或商业建筑的内壁和外壁。这种板材与标准石膏基墙板相比具有抗湿性的优点。然而,这种传统板材的缺点是它们不具有足够的结构强度以达到(即使强度不大于)比得上建筑胶合板或定向刨花板(OSB)的程度。
典型地,水泥质板材包括位于增强或稳定材料层之间的至少一层硬化水泥层或灰泥复合层。在某些情况下,增强或稳定材料为玻璃纤维网或等效物。该网通常从辊子上以片材的形式被施加到可凝固浆料上或浆料层之间。US4,420,295,US4,504,335和US6,176,920提供了用于传统水泥质板材的生产技术的实例,其内容在此以参考的方式结合在本申请中。另外,其他石膏水泥混合物披露于US5,685,903,US5,858,083和US 5,958,131中。
用于生产水泥质板材的传统方法的一个缺点是施加在编织物或网中的纤维不能被适当、均匀地分布在浆料中,这样,由纤维-基质交互作用引起的增强性质随板的厚度而变化,其取决于各板层的厚度。当浆料未充分穿透纤维网时,在纤维和基质之间产生不良粘接,造成低的板材强度。同样,在一些情况下,当浆料和纤维产生明显分层时,纤维的不良粘接和低效分布造成了不良板材强度。
用于生产水泥质板材的传统方法的另一个缺点是最终产品过于昂贵并因而不能与室外/建筑胶合板或定向刨花板(OSB)相比。
造成传统水泥质板材的成本较高的一个原因是由于浆料,特别是颗粒或块的过早凝固所造成的生产线停工时间,该颗粒或块损害了最终板的外观并且影响了生产设备的效率。过早凝固的浆料在生产设备上的显著积聚需要生产线停工,这样就增加了最终的板成本。
在松散的碎玻璃纤维与浆料混合在一起以提供具有加强结构的水泥质建筑板材(SCP)的情况下,提出了将纤维与浆料充分混合的需要。这种均匀混合对于实现最终板材或板的所需结构强度来说是重要的。
用于混合这种类型的可凝固浆料的所有装置的设计准则是板的生产应当在生产期间为持续不间断的。应当避免由于清扫设备所造成的生产线的任何停工。当快凝剂或者促凝剂被加入浆料中而形成快凝浆料时,这特别成问题。
当在移动生产线上制造水泥建筑板材时,浆料的一部分过早凝固形成各种尺寸的块或大块是潜在的问题。当这些大块脱离并且被混入最终板产品中时,它们影响了板的均匀外观并且还造成结构薄弱。在传统的建筑水泥板材生产线中,必须使整个生产线停机以清扫被堵塞的设备以避免过早凝固的浆料颗粒混入到最终板中。
用于将碎增强纤维混合到浆料中的设备的另一个设计准则是纤维需要以大致均匀的方式被混合到相对粘稠的浆料中以提供需要的强度。
这样就需要一种装置,其以一种方式将玻璃纤维或其它结构增强纤维充分混合到可凝固浆料中使得该装置不会被大块或凝固浆料所堵塞或损坏。
发明内容
本发明满足或超出了上面所列举的需要,其特征在于嵌入装置包括设置在纤维增强可凝固浆料板材生产线上的至少一对长轴以横跨生产线。所述轴被优选地设置成彼此间隔平行的关系。每个轴沿着轴具有多个轴向隔开的圆盘。在板生产期间,轴和圆盘轴向转动。相邻轴(优选地为平行轴)的各圆盘相互啮合以便在浆料中产生“搓揉”或“揉捏”作用,其将预先沉积的纤维嵌入到浆料中。另外,圆盘的紧贴、啮合及旋转的关系防止了浆料在圆盘上的积聚,并且有效地产生“自动清洗”作用,其显著减少了由于浆料块过早凝固而引起的板材生产线的停工时间。
更具体地,本发明提供了一种在建筑用板材生产线中使用的嵌入装置,其中浆料在移动载体上相对于支撑框架被传送,并且碎纤维被沉积在浆料上。该装置包括被固定到支撑框架上并且具有第一多个轴向隔开的圆盘的第一长轴,被固定到支撑框架上并且具有第二多个轴向隔开的圆盘的第二长轴,所述第一轴相对于第二轴被设置使得圆盘相互啮合。
在优选实施例中,每对相邻的主圆盘或相对大直径的圆盘在各自的轴上由相对小直径的隔离盘所隔开。该啮合关系包括小直径隔离盘和相对大直径的主盘的相对外周紧密邻接设置,其同样促进了自动清洁作用。
附图说明
图1为位于建筑浆料板生产线上的本嵌入装置的顶部透视图;
图2为图1的嵌入装置的局部俯视图;
图3为图2的嵌入装置的侧视图;和
图4为由本嵌入装置在浆料中形成的嵌入轨道/嵌入槽型的示意图。
具体实施方式
现在参考图1和2,其局部地显示了通常由10表示的建筑板材生产线。生产线10包括支撑移动载体14的支撑框架或成型工作台12,如现有技术中已知的,移动载体14诸如橡胶状输送带、牛皮纸网、脱膜纸、和/或其他支撑材料网,其被设计为支撑凝固前的浆料。同样是现有技术中已知的马达、滑轮、带或链和辊(未显示)的组合装置使载体14沿支撑框架12移动。同样,当本发明被设计成在生产建筑水泥板材中使用时,可以预见的是它可以在任何情况下得到应用,其中大纤维被混合到用于板或板材生产的可凝固浆料中。
当根据应用考虑采取其他顺序时,在本发明中,浆料层16被沉积在移动载体网14上以形成均匀的浆料网。当考虑各种可凝固浆料时,本嵌入装置被特别地设计以在生产建筑水泥板材中使用。这样,浆料优选地由不同量的Portland水泥、石膏、混凝料、水、促凝剂、增塑剂、起泡剂、填充剂和/或其他现有技术中已知的成分构成。这些成分的相关数量可以变化以适应应用,包括去除上述的一些成分或者添加其他成分。一定量的碎纤维18(在优选实施例中为碎玻璃纤维)被投入或撒到移动浆料网16上。
通常由20表示的本嵌入装置被设置在支撑框架12上以恰好处于“下游”或者位于将纤维18沉积到浆料网16上的位置之后。装置20至少包括两个长轴22、24,每个长轴都具有与位于支撑框架12每侧上的支架28相接合的端部26。尽管描述了两根长轴22、24,但是如果希望的话可以设置附加轴。一组轴端部26优选地设置有齿形链轮或滑轮30(在图2中被清楚显示)或其他驱动机构以使轴22、24在支架28内轴向转动。优选地轴22、24和相连的盘32、34沿相同的方向转动。在此可适当考虑用于沿生产线驱动辊或轴的机动的皮带传动、链传动或其他典型装置。应当明白轴22、24被大致横向地安装在支撑框架12上,并且在空间上处于大致彼此平行的位置。在优选实施例中,轴22、24彼此平行。
每个轴22、24设有多个轴向隔开的主圆盘或相对大的圆盘32,相邻圆盘彼此被轴向隔开。该间隔由多个具有相对小直径的第二隔离盘34(图2)所保持,每个隔离盘都位于相邻成对主盘32之间。如图3中所示,优选地是至少主盘32(并且优选地是主盘32和隔离盘34两者)被键联接到各自的轴22、24用于共同转动。齿状链轮30也优选地被键联接或其他方法固定到轴22、24用于共同转动。在优选实施例中,位于临近每个轴端26处的带键轴环36(图3中所示)被定位键或定位螺钉38固定到轴上并且将圆盘32、34保持在轴22、24上以防止横向运动。
从图1至3中同样可以看出,各轴22、24的圆盘32、34彼此啮合,使得轴22的主盘32被设置在轴24的盘32之间。同样可以看到在啮合时,主盘32的边缘40彼此重叠,并且被设置成与相对轴的相对隔离盘34的边缘42成紧贴而转动的关系(如图3中所示)。优选地,轴22、24和相连的盘32、34沿相同的方向“R”转动(图3)。
尽管圆盘32、34的相对尺寸可以改变以与应用相适应,但是在优选实施例中,主盘32的厚度为1/4英寸并且彼此相隔5/16英寸。这样,当轴22、24的相邻圆盘彼此啮合时,其形成紧贴但相对转动的公差(如图2所示)。这个紧公差使得可凝固浆料16的颗粒很难被卷入圆盘32、34之间并过早凝固。同样,由于轴22、24和相连圆盘32、34在SCP板材生产期间不断运动,被卷入圆盘之间的任何浆料都被迅速地喷出,并且没有机会以损坏嵌入操作的方式凝固。同样优选地是,圆盘32、34的周边被弄平或者与圆盘平面相垂直,但是也可以预见到,可以设置锥形或者其他角度的边缘40、42并且仍然可以实现令人满意的纤维嵌入。
用于轴22、24和圆盘32、34结构的材料进一步增强了本嵌入装置20的自动清洗性能。在优选实施例中,这些部件由不锈钢制成,不锈钢已经被抛光而具有相对光滑表面。同样,不锈钢还由于它的耐久性和耐腐蚀性而被优选使用,但是,其他耐久、耐腐蚀和不粘的材料也可以被考虑,包括树脂玻璃材料或其他工程用塑性材料。
更进一步地,轴22、24相对于移动网14的高度优选地为可调节的以促进纤维18被嵌入到浆料16中。优选地是圆盘32与载体网14不接触,而是充分延伸到浆料16中以促进纤维18嵌入到浆料中。轴22、24在载体网14上方的特定高度可以改变以与应用相适应,并且会受到主盘32的直径、浆料的粘性、浆料层16的厚度以及纤维18的希望嵌入程度的影响。
现在参考图4,第一轴22上的多个主圆盘32相对于框架12被设置以在浆料16中形成第一槽型44(实线)用于将纤维18嵌入其中。当浆料16被推向每个圆盘的侧面时,槽型44包括一系列由圆盘32形成的凹部46和位于圆盘之间的峰部48。由于纤维18已经被紧接地预先布置在浆料16的顶面50上,特定百分比的纤维将穿过第一槽型44的结构被掺入到浆料中。应当意识到,当轴22、24转动并使相连圆盘32、34旋转时,载体网或带14也沿移动方向“T”(图2)从第一轴22向第二轴24移动。以这种方式,还形成了可以增强纤维18嵌入效果的搅拌动力运动。
一离开第一轴22的圆盘32附近,浆料16就与第二轴24的圆盘32相接触(阴影所示),其进而形成第二槽型52。由于各轴22、24的圆盘32的横向偏移位置,在任何选定的点,第二槽型52与槽型44相对,其中峰部54代替凹部46,并且凹部56代替峰部48。槽型44、52通常类似于正弦波,槽型44、52还可以呈现彼此不同相的状态。该横向偏移的槽型52进一步搅拌浆料16,增强了纤维18的嵌入效果。换句话说,轴22、24的啮合圆盘32的旋转产生了浆料揉捏或搓操作用。
这样,本嵌入装置提供了用于将碎玻璃纤维掺入或嵌入移动浆料层中的装置。本装置的重要特征是各轴的圆盘彼此啮合并重叠以便向浆料提供搓揉、揉捏或搅拌作用从而减少浆料堵塞或卡到装置中的机会。
尽管已经对用于纤维增强浆料的嵌入装置的特殊实施例进行了显示和描述,但是本领域的普通技术人员应当意识到,在不脱离本发明更广义方面和下列权利要求所阐述范围的情况下,可以对本发明进行改变和变型。
Claims (14)
1.一种用于建筑板材生产线(10)中的嵌入装置(20),其中浆料(16)在移动载体(14)上相对于支撑框架(12)传送,并且碎纤维(18)被沉积在浆料(16)上,所述装置(20)包括:
第一长轴(22),其被固定到所述支撑框架(12)上并且具有第一多个轴向隔开的圆盘(32);
第二长轴(24),其被固定到所述支撑框架(12)上并且具有第二多个轴向隔开的圆盘(32);
所述第一轴(22)相对于所述第二轴(24)设置使得所述圆盘(32)彼此啮合。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置(20),其特征在于,当从侧面观察时,所述第一和第二多个圆盘(32)的外周(40)彼此重叠。
3.如权利要求1所述的装置(20),其特征在于,所述轴(22,24)在所述框架(12)上被定位成与所述浆料(16)沿所述生产线(10)运动的方向大致横向。
4.如权利要求3所述的装置(20),其特征在于,所述轴(22,24)在框架(12)上被定位成彼此大致平行。
5.如权利要求4所述的装置(20),其特征在于,每个所述轴(22,24)包括位于每对相邻的所述第一和第二多个圆盘(32)之间的相对的小直径的隔离盘(34),并且所述第一和第二多个圆盘(32)的外周(40)与所述相对的隔离盘(34)的相应外周(42)紧贴。
6.如权利要求1所述的装置(20),其特征在于,所述圆盘(32)被固定到所述相应的长轴(22,24)上用于共同转动。
7.如权利要求1所述的装置(20),其特征在于,所述第一多个圆盘(32)相对于框架(12)设置以在所述浆料(16)中形成第一槽型(44)用于将纤维(18)嵌入其中,并且所述第二多个圆盘(32)相对于所述框架(12)设置以在所述浆料(16)中形成第二槽型(52),所述第二槽型(52)横向偏离所述第一槽型(44)。
8.如权利要求1所述的装置(20),其特征在于,所述轴(22,24)被设置成沿相同的方向旋转。
9.一种用于将纤维(18)嵌入可凝固浆料(16)中的嵌入装置(20),其被用于在包括支撑框架(12)的板材生产线(20)上生产建筑板材,所述装置(20)包括:
第一长支撑轴(22),其被固定到所述框架(12)上并且具有第一多个相对大直径的圆盘(32),该圆盘沿所述轴(22)被轴向叠置在第一多个相对小直径的圆盘(34)之间;
第二长支撑轴(24),其被固定到框架(12)上并且具有第二多个相对大直径的圆盘(32),该圆盘沿所述轴(24)被轴向叠置在第一多个相对小直径的圆盘(34)之间;
所述第一和第二支撑轴(22,24)相对于彼此被定位使得所述第一多个相对大直径的圆盘(32)与所述第二多个相对大直径的圆盘(32)相啮合。
10.如权利要求9所述的装置(20),其特征在于,当从侧面观察时,所述相对大直径的圆盘(32)的外周(40)彼此重叠。
11.如权利要求9所述的装置(20),其特征在于,每个所述大直径圆盘(32)和所述小直径圆盘(34)具有厚度,并且所述大直径圆盘(32)和所述小直径圆盘(34)的所述厚度大致相同。
12.如权利要求9所述的装置(20),其特征在于,所述轴(22,24)在框架(12)上被定位成与所述浆料(16)沿所述生产线(10)运动的方向大致横向并且彼此大致平行。
13.如权利要求9所述的装置(20),其特征在于,所述圆盘(32,34)被固定到所述相应的长轴(22,24)上用于共同转动。
14.一种用于将纤维(18)嵌入可凝固浆料(16)中的嵌入装置(20),其被用于在包括支撑框架(12)的板材生产线(10)上生产建筑板材,所述装置(20)包括:
第一长支撑轴(22),其被固定到所述框架(12)上并且具有第一多个相对大直径的圆盘(32),该圆盘沿所述轴(22)被轴向叠置在第一多个相对小直径的圆盘(34)之间;
第二长支撑轴(24),其被固定到所述框架(12)上并且具有第二多个相对大直径的圆盘(32),该圆盘沿所述轴(24)被轴向叠置在第一多个相对小直径的圆盘(34)之间;
所述第一和第二支撑轴(22,24)相对于彼此被定位使得所述第一多个相对大直径的圆盘(32)与所述第二多个相对大直径的圆盘(32)相啮合;并且
所述第一和第二轴(22,24)和所述相连的圆盘(32,34)沿相同的方向转动。
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US10/665,541 US7182589B2 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2003-09-18 | Embedment device for fiber-enhanced slurry |
US10/665,541 | 2003-09-18 | ||
PCT/US2004/028556 WO2005032787A1 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2004-09-02 | Embedment device for fiber-enhanced slurry |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101563206B (zh) * | 2006-11-01 | 2012-02-15 | 美国石膏公司 | 嵌入式辊装置 |
CN106738252A (zh) * | 2017-03-26 | 2017-05-31 | 河南鑫海电力设备有限公司 | 穿插式瓷套坯体上釉装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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IL173642A (en) | 2011-10-31 |
IL173642A0 (en) | 2006-07-05 |
MXPA06002472A (es) | 2006-06-20 |
BRPI0414537B1 (pt) | 2015-07-07 |
EP1663598A1 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
ES2420759T3 (es) | 2013-08-26 |
WO2005032787A1 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
JP4833066B2 (ja) | 2011-12-07 |
PL1663598T3 (pl) | 2013-09-30 |
AR049675A1 (es) | 2006-08-30 |
JP2007505768A (ja) | 2007-03-15 |
CA2535001C (en) | 2012-11-13 |
RU2006112832A (ru) | 2006-08-27 |
CA2535001A1 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
US20050064055A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
CN1852795B (zh) | 2010-04-14 |
RU2351468C2 (ru) | 2009-04-10 |
EP1663598B1 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
BRPI0414537A (pt) | 2006-11-07 |
US7182589B2 (en) | 2007-02-27 |
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