CN1836057A - 硼涂覆磨料 - Google Patents

硼涂覆磨料 Download PDF

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CN1836057A
CN1836057A CNA2004800233468A CN200480023346A CN1836057A CN 1836057 A CN1836057 A CN 1836057A CN A2004800233468 A CNA2004800233468 A CN A2004800233468A CN 200480023346 A CN200480023346 A CN 200480023346A CN 1836057 A CN1836057 A CN 1836057A
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阿宁·赫特斯·拉斯
杰弗里·约翰·戴维斯
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Abstract

形成硼涂覆磨料的方法，特别是硼涂覆磨料颗粒，它们可被应用在锯条段，砂轮和其它含粗砂工具中。尽管该方法尤其适合涂覆磨料颗粒，也可应用在任一磨、切或抛光工具中使用的磨料。以合适的比例磨料颗粒与硼和硼酸粉末混合，在800～1200℃温度下惰性气氛中焙烧足以涂覆颗粒的时间。

Description

硼涂覆磨料
背景技术
本发明涉及硼涂覆磨料，它们的生产方法以及锯条段、砂轮和其它含磨料工具中使用的硼涂覆磨料。
磨粒如金刚石和立方氮化硼通常使用在切割、磨擦、钻、锯和抛光中。在这些应用中，磨粒与金属粉末混合物混合，然后在高温下烧结以形成粘结的切割部件。一般的粘结基体含有铁、钴、铜、镍和/或它们的合金。
应用中通常的问题是颗粒在粘结基体中的保持，在烧结和随后应用中的抗氧化性。这些问题通常由用与颗粒化学键合的金属或合金以及与基体粘结的合金涂覆磨料颗粒造成。通常使用化学气相沉积(CVD)或物理气相沉积(PVD溅射涂膜)技术。CVD技术的缺点是通常需要使用高毒性化合物。作为一种低温技术，PVD技术的缺点是金属涂层与磨料颗粒不形成化学键。
US6,524,357公开了用金属涂覆超磨料的方法，通过在惰性气氛中加热超磨料和涂料形成粉末。该方法要求涂料粉末含有金属化合物，金属被超磨料热还原。
JP 9142 932公开了为了提高紧密体的强度以使用在切割和钻削中，在金刚石粉末中加入氧化硼和/或硼酸以生产烧结金刚石紧密体。相似地，EP 0 352 811描述了使用金属涂覆超磨料在高压高温下生产超磨料切割部件和紧密体。
US4,902,652公开了使用涂覆金刚石颗粒在高温高压下(如金刚石稳定的温区)生产金刚石紧密体的方法。尽管硼作为一种涂料被提到，仅离子溅射和离子电镀传统方法被公开。
发明内容
生产硼涂覆磨料的方法包括以下步骤：将被涂覆的磨料与硼源相接触，惰性气氛中涂覆温度约800～1200℃，接触足够的时间以充分涂覆磨料的至少一部分。
磨料可以任一合适的形式，包括磨料颗粒如粗砂或细粒，如大的磨料体如片或磨料膜，甚至磨料工具自身，如切割、磨擦或抛光工具。
本发明优选实施例中，磨料颗粒被硼涂覆，通过混合磨料颗粒和硼源，在涂覆温度下惰性气氛中加热混合物一定时间以充分涂覆磨料颗粒至少一部分。
硼源较适合包括硼粉末，尤其与硼酸相结合的。硼粉末与硼酸的重量比通常为1∶0～1∶1，较适合约为1∶0.7，这样优化可用的硼涂覆磨料颗粒。
最终的硼涂层可是硼、碳化硼、氧化硼或它们的结合物。
方法过程较适合在约800～1150℃进行，尤其在约1100～1150℃。
较适合方法过程包括预热步骤，包括加热磨料和硼源，这种情况下磨料颗粒和硼源混合物，逐渐加热到约250～500℃，较适合为300℃，将它们保持在该温度下约15～45分钟，较适合约30分钟，以便软化和熔融硼源。
磨料和硼源较适合逐渐加热到涂覆温度，通常以5℃/min～15℃/min升温，尤其约10℃/min，到涂覆温度至少800℃，较适合1150℃。
磨料和硼源较适合在涂覆温度下加热至少30分钟，尤其3小时，最合适至少6小时。
基于磨料颗粒，磨料与硼源的重量比，较适合约1∶0.2～1∶20，尤其约1∶2，
磨料较适合是金刚石或立方氮化硼。
发明延伸到硼涂覆磨料，尤其本发明方法生产的硼涂覆磨料颗粒。
发明还延伸到工具，尤其切割、磨擦或抛光工具，它们被硼涂覆或在合适的粘结基体中包含硼涂覆磨料颗粒。
最佳实施方式
本发明指形成硼涂覆磨料，尤其硼涂覆磨料颗粒，它可使用在锯条段，砂轮和其它含磨粒工具中。
在本发明优化方案中，磨料以颗粒形式提供。尽管如此，可以理解本方面涂覆方法可应用于磨、切或抛光工具中使用的任一磨料，或这些工具自身。对于磨料颗粒，它们与硼和硼酸粉末以适当的比例混合，在800～1200℃惰性气氛中烧结足以涂覆颗粒的时间。冷却后，用任一传统的方法，如筛分、浮选或淘选，将涂覆磨料颗粒从粉末中分离。清洗涂覆颗粒以除去粘着的粉末颗粒。
惰性气氛是指不含干扰方法杂质的气氛。通过使惰性气体通过反应导管或使反应导管在真空中来获得惰性气氛。
硼(非金属)为磨料涂层提供重要的优点。硼取代金刚石晶格中的碳，因此提高了在锯片生产中金刚石的抗氧化性和化学侵蚀性。硼还与钴合金，扩散入铁键合中以改善合金材料的机械性能，如蠕变强度。
尽管这里描述的方法简单：粗砂与硼和硼酸粉末混合，加热到800～1200℃，在惰性气氛中一定时间，但非常有效。不使用有毒化学物质。还发现当涂覆温度设定在1150℃得到的涂层最好，对进行发明方法这是一个优化温度。
磨料的形式太大不能与硼源形成混合物的情况下，任一其它的使磨料与硼源接触的方法可使用。例如，对于磨料工具，可被浸入硼源中以提供接触。或者，硼源以分离的支持体或容器被提供，一旦达到合适的涂覆温度，硼源气化，可与磨料接触以合适的行为涂覆它。
现在以下列非限定性例子说明本发明。
例1
32g硼酸(H3BO3)加入到46g硼粉末中，在Turbula混合机(三度空间混合机)中混合1.5小时。将2g该混合物加入1g金刚石粗砂中(ex Element six，SDB1100，35/45US mesh)在密闭的塑料容器中，手摇振动3分钟以混合。混合物放入管式炉中的铝制船形皿中。在1小时内将温度升到300℃(升温速率5℃/min)，在300℃保持0.5小时，然后在1小时20分钟内升到1100℃(升温速率10℃/min)，然后1100℃保持3小时，然后自然冷却。筛分和水洗将粉末从硼涂覆金刚石颗粒中分离。一些颗粒完全被不光滑的灰色涂层包覆，一些表面(111)没有被完全包覆。
例2
与例1相同的步骤，除了在1100℃的保持时间翻倍为6小时。在覆盖方面，涂层表现出略有改进，但仍有未包覆的表面(111)和一些完全没包覆的颗粒。
例3
与例2相同的步骤，处理保持温度从50℃升到1150℃。得到的涂层具有非常粗糙的织构，含有硼、氧化硼和碳化硼，由晶体、星状结构组成。颗粒被完全覆盖，具有非常好的包覆，甚至在颗粒边缘和角落。涂层厚度1～2微米。

Claims (19)

1、一种生产硼涂覆磨料的方法，包括步骤：将被涂覆的磨料与硼源相接触，在涂覆温度约800～1200℃的惰性气氛中，保持足以使至少部分磨料涂覆的时间。
2、根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中磨料为磨料颗粒、较大的磨料体或磨料工具。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中硼源包括硼粉末。
4、根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中硼粉末与硼酸结合。
5、根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中硼粉末与硼酸的重量比为1∶0～1∶1。
6、根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中硼粉末与硼酸的重量比约为1∶0.7。
7、根据前述任一权利要求所述的方法，其中方法在约800～约1150℃下进行。
8、根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中方法在约1100～约1150℃下进行。
9、根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中方法在约1150℃下进行。
10、根据前述任一权利要求所述的方法，其中方法包括预热步骤，预热步骤包括将磨料和硼源逐渐加热到约250～约500℃，在该温度下保持约15～约45分钟。
11、根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中预热步骤包括逐渐加热磨料和硼源到约300℃，在该温度下保持约30分钟。
12、根据权利要求10或11所述的方法，其中磨料和硼源以5℃/min到约15℃/min的升温速率逐渐加热到涂覆温度。
13、根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中以10℃/min的加热速率将磨料和硼源逐渐加热到涂覆温度。
14、根据前述任一权利要求所述的方法，其中磨料和硼源在涂覆温度下加热至少30分钟。
15、根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中磨料和硼源在涂覆温度下加热至少3小时。
16、根据权利要求15所述的方法，这里磨料和硼源在涂覆温度下被加热至少6小时。
17、根据前述任一权利要求所述的方法，其中磨料和硼源的重量比约1∶0.2～1∶20。
18、根据权利要求17所述的方法，其中磨料与硼源的重量比为约1∶2。
19、根据前述任一权利要求所述的方法，其中磨料是金刚石或立方氮化硼。
CNA2004800233468A 2003-08-15 2004-07-27 硼涂覆磨料 Pending CN1836057A (zh)

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CN109293393A (zh) * 2018-10-29 2019-02-01 中原工学院 一种镀覆碳化硼金刚石磨粒的制备方法

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CN109293393A (zh) * 2018-10-29 2019-02-01 中原工学院 一种镀覆碳化硼金刚石磨粒的制备方法

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DE602004027394D1 (de) 2010-07-08
EP1664365A1 (en) 2006-06-07
US7807220B2 (en) 2010-10-05
KR20060065687A (ko) 2006-06-14
JP4903566B2 (ja) 2012-03-28
JP2007502337A (ja) 2007-02-08
EP1664365B1 (en) 2010-05-26
KR101106884B1 (ko) 2012-01-25
US20060242911A1 (en) 2006-11-02
ZA200600893B (en) 2007-04-25
ATE469249T1 (de) 2010-06-15

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