CN1823253A - 铝制热交换器 - Google Patents
铝制热交换器 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
- B21C37/083—Supply, or operations combined with supply, of strip material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
- B21C37/09—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams of coated strip material ; Making multi-wall tubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
- F28D1/0391—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits a single plate being bent to form one or more conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
- F28F1/022—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with multiple channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
- F28F19/06—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/089—Coatings, claddings or bonding layers made from metals or metal alloys
Abstract
一种包括扁平管(5)的铝制热交换器,通过使用铝条状材料、在其宽度方向上弯曲条状材料而形成,该铝条状材料在芯部金属(1)的外表面上涂有金属焊料(2),并且在其内表面上涂有牺牲阳极材料(3),其中,多个扁平管(5)彼此平行地布置,并且在炉中使用焊剂接合。为了提供能够满意钎焊和在钎焊后具有高强度的铝制热交换器,金属焊料(2)是Al-Si合金,芯部金属(1)是包括按重量0.4至1.2%的Si的Al-Si合金,及牺牲阳极材料(3)是包括按重量0.3至0.75%的Mg的Al-Mg-Zn合金。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种铝制热交换器,该铝制热交换器以这样一种方式制造,从而在芯部金属上具有金属焊料和牺牲阳极材料的铝条状材料在其宽度方向上被弯曲以形成扁平管;多个扁平管彼此平行地布置以构造热交换器的芯部,并然后在使用钎焊剂的炉中经受钎焊以整体固定热交换器的芯部。
背景技术
已知有一种通过弯曲在外表面上涂有金属焊料的条状材料制造的铝制热交换器,并且其接缝用金属焊料整体地接合。
而且,已知有一种形成横截面为B状形状的扁平管。如上所述在外表面上涂有金属焊料的扁平管以相同间隔彼此平行地布置;并且皱纹翼片布置在扁平管之间;及扁平管的两端插入到在管形板中的管插入孔中。金属焊料的表面等预先涂敷有钎焊剂,并且在填充有惰性气体气氛的炉中经受钎焊;因而完成热交换器。
而且,在扁平管的内表面上,涂有牺牲阳极材料以防止管的内表面侧腐蚀。
此外,为了增加管的强度,在某些情况下,使用包括1%或更多Mg的牺牲阳极材料。在钎焊之后,Mg与包括在母材中的Si成分相结合,并且Mg2Si层形成在母材上;由此增强管的强度。
然而,发现如下事实。就是说,在其中使用包括1%或更多Mg的牺牲阳极材料的情况下,当在由焊剂介入的在外表面侧处的金属焊料与在内表面侧处的牺牲阳极材料之间进行钎焊时,在牺牲阳极材料内的Mg与焊剂反应,并且降低钎焊性能。就是说,可能有在扁平管的接合部分处发生泄漏的情形。
因此,本发明的目的在于提供一种铝制热交换器,该铝制热交换器能够在其接合部分上满意地钎焊,同时保持扁平管的强度。
发明内容
在权利要求1中公开的本发明的一个方面是一种铝制热交换器,该铝制热交换器具有:
扁平管(5),通过使用铝条状材料、在宽度方向上弯曲该条状材料而形成,该铝条状材料的芯部金属(1)在其外表面上涂有金属焊料(2),并且在其内表面上涂有牺牲阳极材料(3),
多个扁平管(5)彼此平行地布置以形成热交换器的芯部,并且这些部分的每一个借助于钎焊整体地固定,
其中,金属焊料(2)是Al-Si合金,芯部金属(1)是包括按重量0.4至1.2%的Si的Al-Si合金,牺牲阳极材料(3)是包括按重量0.3至0.75%的Mg的Al-Mg-Zn合金,通过在使用用于钎焊的焊剂的炉中经受钎焊以接合由金属焊料(2)介入的部分,而构造铝制热交换器。
在权利要求2中公开的本发明的另一个方面是根据权利要求1的铝制热交换器,其中,铝合金的金属焊料(2)包括按重量7.5至12%的Si,芯部金属(1)等效于添加有按重量0.4至1.2%的Si的A.A.标准(按重量0.15%的Cu、按重量1.2%的Mn及其余的Al:如下应用与此相同)的A3003铝材,牺牲阳极材料(3)等效于添加有按重量0.3至0.75%的Mg的A.A.标准(按重量0.1%的Zn和其余的Al:如下应用与此相同)的A7072。
根据本发明的铝制热交换器具有如上所述的结构,并且提供如下效果。
在根据本发明的铝制热交换器中,扁平管5通过由在其外表面侧使用焊剂涂敷的金属焊料2介入借助于在炉中的钎焊而接合。芯部金属1具有Al-Si合金;并且涂在管的内表面上的牺牲阳极材料3是包括按重量0.3至0.75%的Mg的Al-Mg-Zn合金。
如上所述,通过对于牺牲阳极材料3添加按重量0.3至0.75%的Mg,芯部金属1的Mg和Si在钎焊之后彼此结合,以增加母材的强度。况且,由于Mg被控制到按重量0.75%或更小,所以满意地保证具有金属焊料2的钎焊性能;并因而,能提供具有很高空气和液体不透性的铝制热交换器。
附图说明
图1表示用于根据本发明的一种铝制热交换器的扁平管的放大图,表明在钎焊之前的相关部分。
图2表示热交换器的平面图,表明其组装状态。
图3表示沿图2中的线III-III得到的示意剖视图。
图4表示前视图,表明根据本发明的铝制热交换器的相关部分。
图5表明在热交换器的扁平管中的分隔部分4中的涂敷焊剂的状态。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图描述本发明的实施例。
图1表示用于根据本发明的一种铝制热交换器的扁平管的放大图,表明在钎焊之前的相关部分;图2表示热交换器的平面图,表明其组装状态;图3表示沿图2中的线III-III得到的示意剖视图;及图4表示前视图,表明热交换器的相关部分。
如图4中所示,热交换器具有以一定间隔彼此平行布置的多个扁平管5、和布置在扁平管5之间的皱纹翼片10,并且相应扁平管5的两端插入在管板6中的管插入孔中;因而组装芯部。
如图1和2中所示,例如通过把条状材料弯曲成横截面为B状形状而形成扁平管5。根据本发明的扁平管包括这样一种管,该管在其中心处没有隔离部分。
条状材料在芯部材料1的外表面侧处涂有金属焊料2,并且在其内表面侧涂有牺牲阳极材料3。
芯部材料1例如由其中添加有按重量0.4至1.2%的Si的A3003铝材(美国铝协会的A.A.标准:在如下应用相同的)的板材形成;并且金属焊料2是包括按重量7.5至12%的Si的铝合金。
而且,牺牲阳极材料3等效于添加有按重量0.3至0.75%的Mg的A7072(A.A.标准)的铝合金。这些板材借助于压力接合以形成3层钎焊片。
上述条状材料以例如滚轧成形的方式连续地弯曲;隔离部分4通过在宽度方向上在其中心部分处卷起而形成;条状材料的两个边缘向内表面侧折回,以形成折回端7;及其整体弯曲成扁平管形状,从而折回端7的金属焊料2抵靠在隔离部分4的顶部上。
在隔离部分4的顶部上,预先涂敷焊剂8。关于焊剂的涂敷方法,例如,如图5中所示,在条状材料在形成管的过程中具有门状剖面的状态下,经焊剂涂敷轮13用来自容器12的焊剂8涂敷在内表面的中心部分处的隔离部分4的顶部。焊剂涂敷轮13被驱动以转动,并且在其环状槽14中涂敷焊剂8的状态下,焊剂8转移到隔离部分4的中心部分上。
而且,焊剂8此后供给到条形材料的两个折回端7的抵靠表面上,并且涂敷到也是扁平管5的外表面侧上。
关于焊剂8,可以使用来自氯化物或氟化物的任何已知焊剂。例如KF-AlF3(和Nocolok(产品名称))是可获得的。关于粘合剂,使用丙烯酸树脂粘结剂。关于稀释剂,使用机油、油等。
制备具有在根据本发明的范围内的材料成分的试样、和具有在本发明的范围外的材料成分的试样,并且进行试验和在试样中比较钎焊性能和强度。
在牺牲阳极材料中,包括在其中的Mg的量如表1中所示彼此不同地为0.2%、0.3%、0.6%、0.75%、0.8%、1.0%,包括在牺牲阳极材料中的其它成分与A7072的那些相同;即,Zn是1.0%,并且其余是Al。
芯部材料是等效于添加有1.0%的Si的A3003的那些的材料;即Cu是0.15%,Si是1%,Mn是1.2%,及其余是Al。
而且,金属焊料包括10%的Si,并且其余是Al。
就上述牺牲阳极材料的Mg的含量,检查在钎焊之后的强度和钎焊性能。
[表1]
牺牲阳极材料(等效A7072+Mg量) | 芯部金属(等效A3003+Si量) | 金属焊料(其余Al+Si量) | 强度(Kg/mm2) | 钎焊性能 | 断 | |
0.2% | 1% | 10% | 125 | ○ | ||
0.3% | 1% | 10% | 140 | ○ | ||
0.6% | 1% | 10% | 165 | ○ | ||
0.75% | 1% | 10% | 170 | ○ | ||
0.8% | 1% | 10% | 172 | × | ||
1.0% | 1% | 10% | 175 | × |
结果,当包括在牺牲阳极材料中的Mg的量是0.3%时,强度是140kg/mm2或更大。当Mg的量是0.2%时,强度是125kg/mm2或更大;它小于140kg/mm2的希望强度。
当Mg的量是0.8%和1.0%时,尽管保证满意的强度,但在钎焊性能方面有问题。就是说,焊剂和Mg彼此反应,降低了钎焊性能。因此既满足强度又满足钎焊性能的包括在牺牲阳极材料中的Mg的量是按重量的0.3至0.75%;一种Al-Mg-Zn合金。
芯部金属可以包括按重量近似0.4至1.2%的Si。在这种情况下,得到与以上相同的结果。
Claims (2)
1.一种铝制热交换器,包括:
扁平管(5),其通过使用铝条状材料、在宽度方向上弯曲该条状材料而形成,该铝条状材料的芯部金属(1)在其外表面上涂有金属焊料(2),并且在其内表面上涂有牺牲阳极材料(3),
多个扁平管(5)彼此平行地布置以形成热交换器的芯部,并且这些部分的每一个借助于钎焊整体地固定,
其中,金属焊料(2)是Al-Si合金,芯部金属(1)是包括按重量0.4至1.2%的Si的Al-Si合金,牺牲阳极材料(3)是包括按重量0.3至0.75%的Mg的Al-Mg-Zn合金,通过在使用用于钎焊的焊剂的炉中经受钎焊以接合由金属焊料(2)介入的所述部分,而构造铝制热交换器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铝制热交换器,其中,铝合金的金属焊料(2)包括按重量7.5至12%的Si,芯部金属(1)等效于添加有按重量0.4至1.2%的Si的A3003铝材,牺牲阳极材料(3)等效于添加有按重量0.3至0.75%的Mg的A7072。
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JP2003274973A JP2005037062A (ja) | 2003-07-15 | 2003-07-15 | アルミニューム製熱交換器 |
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EP (1) | EP1645830A1 (zh) |
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CN109855166A (zh) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-06-07 | 北京金旗舰暖通科技有限公司 | 一种防腐散热器 |
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JP2006226613A (ja) * | 2005-02-17 | 2006-08-31 | Shinko Alcoa Yuso Kizai Kk | 熱交換器用偏平チューブ |
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2003
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- 2004-07-02 US US10/565,096 patent/US20060219393A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2004-07-02 EP EP04747261A patent/EP1645830A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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CN106767091A (zh) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 无锡逸龙铝热科技有限公司 | 一种多通道异形扁管及其生产方法 |
CN109855166A (zh) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-06-07 | 北京金旗舰暖通科技有限公司 | 一种防腐散热器 |
CN109855166B (zh) * | 2018-12-12 | 2022-02-22 | 北京金旗舰暖通科技有限公司 | 一种防腐散热器 |
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US20060219393A1 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
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EP1645830A1 (en) | 2006-04-12 |
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