CN1820592A - Standard artificial breeding technology for short tongue bumblebee - Google Patents
Standard artificial breeding technology for short tongue bumblebee Download PDFInfo
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- CN1820592A CN1820592A CN 200610012521 CN200610012521A CN1820592A CN 1820592 A CN1820592 A CN 1820592A CN 200610012521 CN200610012521 CN 200610012521 CN 200610012521 A CN200610012521 A CN 200610012521A CN 1820592 A CN1820592 A CN 1820592A
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Abstract
The present invention provides standardized artificial short tongue bumble bee breeding technology. Under specific temperature and humidity condition, bee stimulation, high purity CO2 treatment, low temperature cold storage and other technological measures are adopted, so that short tongue bumble bee can complete spawning, breeding, copulation, storing, and other growth processes fluently and artificial large scale breeding of short tongue bumble bee is completed successively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the standardization artificial propagation techniques of the short tongue bumblebee (Bombus.terrestris) that the artificial pollination of a kind of greenhouse uses.
Background technology
At present, the present chamber planting fruit and vegetable of China lack the spontaneous pollination media, and the artificial pollination amount of labour is big, effect is undesirable, and honeybee pollination can't overcome existing greenhouse harsh environmental conditions, can cause hormone to pollute again with growth vegetarian refreshments flower, the fruit and vegetable products export meets with green barrier.The method that industrial and annual is produced several bumblebees has been introduced in the invention of patent No. ZL 00107791.0 " bumblebee (Bombus spp) industrial and annual raising technology ", but the lethality height of queen bee, mating rate of virgin queen bee and new queen bee quantum of output are low.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above deficiency, a kind of lethality that can reduce queen bee is provided, improve mating rate of virgin queen bee and the standardization artificial propagation techniques of the short tongue bumblebee of new queen bee quantum of output.
Purpose of the present invention realizes that by following measure the standardization artificial propagation techniques of short tongue bumblebee may further comprise the steps:
1, selects the honeybee kind: adopt the European short tongue bumblebee (Bombus terresris) that blazons as the honeybee kind.
2, keep queen bee environmental condition and preparation special feed: the receptacle environmental condition is temperature 24-30 ℃, relative moisture 50-70%.
3, feed formula is melissa powder and sucrose solution, and melissa powder is the mixing melissa powder that contains apple, pear pollen, and the syrup ratio is 1-1.2: 1.2-1 in the sucrose solution;
4, inducing queen bee to do nest lays eggs: back 3 days inherent raisings that begin to feed add 2 honeybees or 1 bumblebee worker bee in the box, and are not less than 30% mixing melissa powder with the ansu apricot pollen amount and feed as induced spawning phase special feed, induce queen bee to do nest and lay eggs.
5, the bumblebee of feeding under given conditions: provided fresh feed to bumblebee in every 2-3 days, worker bee reaches more than 60 the back bee colony can be brought out and be used to the pollination of green house fruit and vegetable, and the bee colony that need be used for breeding queen bee is stayed receptacle and continues to feed to sprout wings up to new queen bee and finish.
6, new queen mating: after bee colony produces virgin queen bee and drone, the virgin queen bee is caught to come out receptacle raising 8-15 days from honeycomb, treat to put into the mating cage together in the mating of mating chamber with drone after its sexual maturity, queen bee and the male honeybee ratio of putting into the mating cage are 1: 1-1: 2.
7, break diapause: adopt CO
2Facture is broken the queen bee diapause and is comprised following two steps, and the first step is for using high concentration CO
2Post-coitum is placed on queen bee anesthesia 15-20 minute in the closed container, opens container cover and change to fresh air and revive by queen bee and continue to feed at receptacle.Second step was used high concentration CO for queen bee revives in back 2 days again
2Post-coitum is placed on queen bee anesthesia 15-20 minute in the closed container, opens container cover and change to fresh air and revive, can begin a new round after queen bee revives and feed by queen bee.
8, the preservation of queen bee: according to producing needs, can be saved at low temperatures after the queen bee after a part of queen bee mating is fed through short-term to produce to take out when needing and use, the storage temperature of queen bee is 1-6 ℃, and relative moisture is 70-90%, and the refrigeration phase is 1-5 month.
The mating cage of above-mentioned new queen bee mating chamber is the cage of long 60cm * wide 50cm * high 80cm, cage bottom surface sealing, and all the other five are sealed with 8-10 order gauze.
Short tongue bumblebee is a kind of good pollination honeybee that distributes in Europe, the ruddiness bumblebee B.ignites that now can batch production produces with China compares with bright bumblebee B.lucorum, this honeybee kind has the following advantages: 1, breeding cycle is fast, and single queen bee only needs 70-80 days from beginning to raise formation pollination group; 2, new queen bee mating rate height, average mating rate is higher than the ruddiness bumblebee far away more than 80%; 3, individual strong, short tongue bumblebee worker bee individuality is about 2 times of sizes of domestic bright bumblebee, single honeybee pollination ability and stronger to field adverse circumstances adaptive faculty; 4, the field application cycle long, the short tongue bumblebee pollination group of the large-scale production of adopting new technology used time average more than 40 days in the field, the high-quality bee colony can reach 60-80 days in the control environment following operating period of condition.
The present invention selects the honeybee kind, has carried out great deal of experimental, has done the setting of more optimizing at aspects such as environmental condition, raising method, feed preparations.We have developed a kind of special standardization artificial propagation techniques at short tongue bumblebee B.terrestris by primary study.The present invention and the patent No. are that patented technology-bumblebee (Bombus spp.) industrial and annual raising technology of ZL 00107791.0 has following difference:
1, select suitable honeybee kind: the short tongue bumblebee of the advantage honeybee kind that the present invention adopts Europe to introduce, this honeybee kind has advantages such as breeding cycle is fast, reproduction coefficient is high, the pollination ability strong, the field application cycle is long.This honeybee kind is that Europe blazons the honeybee kind, does not distribute in China, occurs this kind name in the correlation technique or is the misuse of other kind of China.
2, induce queen to lay eggs: the present invention induces queen bee to do the method that nest lays eggs to be: back 3 days inherent raisings that begin to feed add 2 honeybees or 1 bumblebee worker bee in the box, and be not less than 30% mixing melissa powder with ansu apricot pollen amount provided by the invention and feed, induce queen bee to do nest and lay eggs.Not mentioned employing honeybee or bumblebee worker bee stimulate queen to lay eggs in the correlation technique, in the actual production, can promote the bumblebee queen bee to lay eggs rapidly with honeybee or the stimulation of bumblebee worker bee.
3, the feed specified conditions of bumblebee: the present invention has worked out feed formula and environmental condition control range according to the biological property of short tongue bumblebee, feed formula of the present invention is: 1. feed adopts the mixing melissa powder that contains apple, pear pollen, do not explain the pollen kind in the correlation technique, in the raising of short tongue bumblebee, the pollen kind there is very high requirement; 2. in the sucrose solution in the syrup ratio technology sugar concentration be higher than 40% most, the present invention is used to raise that the sugar concentration of short tongue bumblebee is minimum is not less than 45%.Adopt feed formula of the present invention, can guarantee the stability that bumblebee produces, queen bee quantum of output, new queen bee mating rate are maintained on the higher level, feed under the controlled condition of the present invention with by the inventive method feed prepared adopting, average single hive bee king quantum of output can reach more than 60, in the mating of controlled condition of the present invention undertissue, average mating rate is more than 80%; Receptacle environmental condition of the present invention: temperature 24-30 ℃, relative moisture 50-70% adopts 20-30 ℃ of temperature to raise in the correlation technique, can cause the meaningless prolongation of production cycle in short tongue bumblebee is raised; Relative moisture adopts 40-70% in the correlation technique, in short tongue bumblebee is raised, educate the group under the 40-50% relative moisture during the queen bee lethality than 50-70% relative moisture under lethality improve 5% to 8%.
4, new queen mating: the temperature of mating chamber is more than 20 ℃ among the present invention, and the mating room temperature that adopts in the correlation technique is below 20 ℃, raise the result of short tongue bumblebee according to us, the environmental condition that is adopted in the correlation technique can not be fit to the used honeybee kind of the present invention, and the virgin queen bee is compared the high 15-30% of success rate in the mating of the described condition of existing invention undertissue under condition of the present invention.
5, break diapause: the description that the present invention is comparatively detailed the diapause of suitable short tongue bumblebee break technology, describing in its method of operating and the correlation technique has important difference.At first the present invention breaks the queen bee diapause does not need to provide capable of flight environment to queen bee, each CO that adopts in the method in the correlation technique
2All need after the processing to allow queen bee that circling in the air the time more than 2 days arranged, adopt method of the present invention both effective, simple again, can enhance productivity short tongue bumblebee.Second, handle the queen bee of short tongue bumblebee with the inventive method, from handle to enter that receptacle feeds only need be less than 3 day time, according to recording and narrating in the correlation technique, handle a kind of queen bee to beginning feeding of induced spawning, intermediate demand 5-8 days time, both compare, the present invention has shortened 3-5 days with the processing time before the queen bee induced spawning under the prerequisite of same releasing queen bee diapause.
6, the preservation of queen bee: adopt 1-8 ℃ in the correlation technique, the condition of 40-70% relative moisture stores queen bee, its damp condition stores short tongue bumblebee with the temperature condition that is higher than 6 ℃ all can cause the mortality of queen bee, adopts condition of the present invention to store queen bee and will reduce by 8% to 12% than the short tongue bumblebee of storage lethality under existing invention condition.
Application example
With production a group bumblebee is embodiment.Adopt the European short tongue bumblebee (Bombusterresris) that blazons as the honeybee kind.Keep queen bee environmental condition and preparation special feed: the receptacle environmental condition is temperature 25-30 ℃, relative moisture 60-70%.Feed formula is melissa powder and sucrose solution, and melissa powder is the mixing melissa powder that contains apple, pear pollen, and the syrup ratio is 1: 1.2 in the sucrose solution; At first use CO with the post-coitum process or without the new queen bee of refrigeration
2Handle termination of diapause, feed as induced spawning phase special feed with the mixing melissa powder of ansu apricot pollen amount 32% then, induce queen bee to do nest and lay eggs.Stimulated queen to lay eggs to build nest with honeybee or bumblebee worker bee after feeding 3 days.Continued to feed 30 days with feed of the present invention again at receptacle, after first worker bee begins to sprout wings, honeycomb changed in the commodity group rearing-box feed.Fed 50 days after changeing case, worker bee quantity reaches 60 and just can bring out later and be used to the greenhouse fruit and vegetable to pollinate in the bee colony again.If bee colony will be used for breeding queen bee of future generation then continue to feed, occur behind the virgin queen bee virgin queen bee caught out separately feeding to colony, put into the mating cage together with drone after the sexual maturity of virgin queen bee after feeding 8 days, the queen bee of post-coitum can be selected manually to break diapause and be continued to raise or store for future use at low temperatures.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of standardization artificial propagation techniques of lacking the tongue bumblebee is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) selects the honeybee kind: adopt the European short tongue bumblebee (Bombus terresris) that blazons as the honeybee kind;
(2) keep the queen bee environmental condition: the receptacle environmental condition is temperature 24-30 ℃, relative moisture 50-70%;
(3) preparation special feed: feed formula is melissa powder and sucrose solution, and wherein melissa powder is the mixing melissa powder that contains apple, pear pollen;
(4) inducing queen bee to do nest lays eggs: back 3 days inherent raisings that begin to feed add 2 honeybees or 1 bumblebee worker bee in the box, and be not less than 30% mixing melissa powder with the ansu apricot pollen amount and feed as induced spawning phase special feed, induce queen bee to do nest and lay eggs, and the bumblebee of feeding under given conditions;
(5) new queen mating: after bee colony produces virgin queen bee and drone, the virgin queen bee is caught to come out receptacle raising 8-15 days from honeycomb, treat to put into the mating cage together in the mating of mating chamber with drone after its sexual maturity, queen bee and the male honeybee ratio of putting into the mating cage are 1: 1-2;
(6) break diapause: adopt CO
2Facture is broken the queen bee diapause and is comprised following two steps, and the first step is for using high concentration CO
2Post-coitum is placed on queen bee anesthesia 15-20 minute in the closed container, opens container cover and change to fresh air and revive by queen bee and continue to feed at receptacle, second step was used high concentration CO for queen bee revives in back 2 days again
2Post-coitum is placed on queen bee anesthesia 15-20 minute in the closed container, opens container cover and change to fresh air and revive, can begin a new round after queen bee revives and feed by queen bee;
(7) preservation of queen bee: according to producing needs, can be saved at low temperatures after the queen bee after a part of queen bee mating is fed through short-term to produce to take out when needing and use, the storage temperature of queen bee is 1-6 ℃, and relative moisture is 70-90%.
2, the standardization artificial propagation techniques of short tongue bumblebee according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the bumblebee of to feed under given conditions, provided fresh feed to bumblebee in every 2-3 days, worker bee reaches more than 60 the back bee colony can be brought out and be used to the pollination of green house fruit and vegetable, and the bee colony that need be used for breeding queen bee is stayed receptacle and continues to feed to sprout wings up to new queen bee and finish.
3, the standardization artificial propagation techniques of short tongue bumblebee according to claim 1 is characterized in that the syrup ratio is 1-1.2: 1.2-1 in the sucrose solution of queen bee feed;
4, the standardization artificial propagation techniques of short tongue bumblebee according to claim 1 is characterized in that described new queen bee mating chamber mating cage is the cage of long 60cm * wide 50cm * high 80cm, and the cage bottom surface is sealed, and all the other five are sealed with 8-10 order gauze.
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| CN102100313A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-06-22 | 唐悟 | Sugar special for breeding bees and preparation method thereof |
| CN102257989A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-11-30 | 彭航 | Culturing and spawning method for salted carpenter bees and drones of Chinese bees |
| CN101664018B (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2012-08-08 | 沈卫平 | Bee breeding artificial insemination culturing method |
| CN104012475A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-03 | 吉林大学 | Method for implementing hypothermal anesthesia on fruit flies |
| CN104886007A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-09-09 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Method for increasing bumblebee commodity group propagation speed |
| CN105994166A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-10-12 | 刘昊轩 | Bumblebee culture method |
| CN106508814A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-22 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Artificial propagation method for male swarms of bumble bees |
| CN108200886A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2018-06-26 | 辽东学院 | A kind of native country bumblebee fast breeding technology |
| CN108207810A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-29 | 王琳涵 | Commercialization bumblebee fast breeding technology |
| CN111418554A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-17 | 吉林省养蜂科学研究所（吉林省蜂产品质量管理监督站、吉林省蜜蜂遗传资源基因保护中心） | Rapid breeding method for bumblebee |
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| CN101664018B (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2012-08-08 | 沈卫平 | Bee breeding artificial insemination culturing method |
| CN102100313A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-06-22 | 唐悟 | Sugar special for breeding bees and preparation method thereof |
| CN102257989A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-11-30 | 彭航 | Culturing and spawning method for salted carpenter bees and drones of Chinese bees |
| CN102257989B (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2013-01-02 | 彭航 | Culturing and spawning method for salted carpenter bees and drones of Chinese bees |
| CN104012475B (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-09 | 吉林大学 | A kind of method fruit bat being implemented to hypothermic anesthesia |
| CN104012475A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-03 | 吉林大学 | Method for implementing hypothermal anesthesia on fruit flies |
| CN104886007A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-09-09 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Method for increasing bumblebee commodity group propagation speed |
| CN104886007B (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2017-08-29 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | A kind of method for lifting bumblebee commodity group's reproduction speed |
| CN105994166A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-10-12 | 刘昊轩 | Bumblebee culture method |
| CN106508814A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-22 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Artificial propagation method for male swarms of bumble bees |
| CN106508814B (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2019-12-03 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of male bee colony artificial fecundation method of bumblebee |
| CN108207810A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-29 | 王琳涵 | Commercialization bumblebee fast breeding technology |
| CN108200886A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2018-06-26 | 辽东学院 | A kind of native country bumblebee fast breeding technology |
| CN111418554A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-17 | 吉林省养蜂科学研究所（吉林省蜂产品质量管理监督站、吉林省蜜蜂遗传资源基因保护中心） | Rapid breeding method for bumblebee |
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| CN100450351C (en) | 2009-01-14 |
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Owner name: DRY FARMING AGRICULTURE INST., HEBEI PROV. ACADEMY Free format text: FORMER OWNER: TIANYI BIOLOGIC PREVENTION CO LTD, HENGSHUI Effective date: 20140919 |
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Effective date of registration: 20140919 Address after: Hengshui City, Hebei province Shengli road 053000 Taocheng District No. 1966 Patentee after: Dry-Land Farming Institute of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Address before: 053000 No. 122 South Gate Street, Hebei, Hengshui Patentee before: Tianyi Biologic Prevention Co., Ltd., Hengshui |
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Application publication date: 20060823 Assignee: Hengshui bee Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Dry-Land Farming Institute of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Contract record no.: 2015130000117 Denomination of invention: Standard artificial breeding technology for short tongue bumblebee Granted publication date: 20090114 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20150730 |
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