CN106508814A - Artificial propagation method for male swarms of bumble bees - Google Patents
Artificial propagation method for male swarms of bumble bees Download PDFInfo
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- CN106508814A CN106508814A CN201610947416.3A CN201610947416A CN106508814A CN 106508814 A CN106508814 A CN 106508814A CN 201610947416 A CN201610947416 A CN 201610947416A CN 106508814 A CN106508814 A CN 106508814A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial propagation method for male swarms of bumble bees, belongs to the technical field of insect breeding, and in particular relates to the artificial propagation method for the male swarms of the bumble bees. The artificial propagation method for the male swarms of the bumble bees abandons a queen bee dependent propagation mode in the prior art, employs worker bees of the bumble bees to perform propagation, utilizes a CO2 gas anesthesia way to relieve worker bee diapause, and CO2 treatment can regulate the juvenile hormone level, induce ovum development, shorten the primary spawning time, and make worker bees produce a large amount of male bees. The method adopts a screened nutrient solution to culture worker bees, not only relieves the restrictions of queen bees to worker bees, but also further promotes sexual maturity and spawning of worker bees, the swarming speed is fast, also the propagating quantity is large, and the male bee yielding time is concentrated, thus being conducive to pollination and fruit setting of plants. At the same time, the artificial propagation method provided by the invention saves manpower and material resources, and is low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to insecticide raising technology field, and in particular to a kind of male bee colony artificial fecundation method of bumblebee.
Background technology
Bumblebee (bumble bee), 1 category of Apoidea Apidae, belongs to Hymenoptera Apoidea bumblebee race, category elder brother
Worm is generally called bumblebee, is the polyphagous social insect of a class.Bumblebee is similar to Apiss, but clypeus protuberance, and substantially, the 1st is sub- for malar space
Split by rake marginal cell；After queen bee and worker bee, shin tool pollen basket, smooth on the outside of tibia, and edge tool becomes mildewed, drone volsella
Project with squama or significantly more than gonocoxite.
The evolution degree of bumblebee is in from solitary bee to the interstage of senior social Apiss.The bumblebee bodily form is big, muddy
Body fine hair, tone are longer, with stronger collection power, strong to low temperature, low photopia ability, can resist rugged environment.Bumblebee
Communication for information is undeveloped, and phototaxis is poor, and lower temperature resistance is strong, and moisture resistance is strong, for the environment in greenhouse compares adaptation, compares
Other honeybees, the individuality of bumblebee are big, life-span length, are covered with fine hair all over the body, and flying distance is big, and the amount for carrying pollen is big, to sweet powder source
Using more efficient than other honeybee kinds.Therefore, bumblebee is various booth seat orchard crops, particularly Fructus Fragariae Ananssae, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Fructus Capsici, sweet
The preferable pollina of the gourd, fruit and vegetables such as melon, Fructus Solani melongenae, Citrullus vulgariss.
In bumblebee population, there are queen bee, worker bee and male honeybee in each colony.Queen bee is responsible for producing offspring, and worker bee is responsible for feeding
Larva and queen bee, the effect of male honeybee mainly provide sperm with queen mating, but due to after male honeybee and queen mating soon
Will die, therefore all one's life of male honeybee chance only once with queen mating, and as male honeybee is independent activity, because
The most of the time of this male honeybee is the nectar for Plant species eaten.
At present, mainly pollinated for booth seat orchard crop using the worker bee of bumblebee and improve agricultural output, a lot
Country is applied on a large scale, and achieves good achievement.But pollination research is carried out using the male bee colony of bumblebee
It is then considerably less, after being sprouted wings in Nidus Vespae due to male honeybee, the virgin mating of other Nidus Vespaes is looked for outside the nest that just flies out, is being sought
During looking for, male honeybee only takes food nectar to provide energy for flight, and when which searches for food nectar, fine hair with it can be stained with very
Many pollen, so that reached the purpose of pollination；In addition, after queen bee controling power declines and enters phase of decline, worker bee will give birth to
A large amount of unfertilized male honeybees, this provides enough quantitative commitments for male honeybee pollination.Two more than comprehensive, it can be seen that profit
Carry out plant pollination to have great application prospect with the male bee colony of bumblebee.
But, also indicate that in practical application, many problems are there is also at present using the research of the male honeybee pollination of bumblebee：
First, male honeybee is produced using virgin, this method produces a small amount of male honeybee for not passing through fertilization, and queen bee feeds not
In time, cause male honeybee quantity few, it is unhealthy and strong；Secondly, male honeybee is produced using bumblebee phase of decline bee colony, queen bee controling power declines,
Worker bee starts to produce monoploid male Ovum Apis, as different worker bee individuality maturation times are different, causes the egg-laying time of worker bee not
Together, i.e., male honeybee to go out the honeybee time uneven, cause different in size with a batch of pollination male honeybee life-span, and then affect whole
The Pollination Effect of body.
The content of the invention
For this purpose, the technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of male bee colony artificial fecundation method of bumblebee,
The pollination of plant is realized with the male honeybee using bumblebee.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the male bee colony artificial fecundation method of bumblebee of the present invention, including following step
Suddenly：
(1) honeybee kind breeding：Taking bumblebee worker bee carries out breeding culture；
(2) feedstuff culture：Formula feed and nutritional solution carry out forage feed to selected worker bee；
(3) the bumblebee worker bee after nursing is placed in closed rearing-box, and is passed through CO2Gas is to CO2Gas enters full of beehive
Row anaesthetizes the diapause to break worker bee, and being passed through fresh air makes which revive；
(4) take CO2The worker bee of the different groups after process is placed in same rearing-box and raises, while supplying feedstuff and nutrition
Liquid is raised；
(5) some workers bee of random choose are one group, are placed in raising box and raise under dark condition, and are supplied with bee pollen
Supporting, after reaching the 40 male honeybees that sprout wings, high-quality raising box being chosen for pollination group, as commodity, group uses.
In step (2) and step (4), the feedstuff and nutritional solution are respectively bee pollen and mass concentration for 50wt%
Sucrose liquid.
The mass ratio of the bee pollen and sucrose liquid is 1-3:1-3.
In step (5), mixture of the bee pollen for Hawthorn Pollen, Pollen Brassicae campestriss and Flos Camelliae Japonicae pollen.
The mass ratio of Hawthorn Pollen, Pollen Brassicae campestriss and Flos Camelliae Japonicae pollen is 1：1：1.
In step (5), each worker bee quantity raised in box is 12-20 heads.
In step (5), the supply of the bee pollen is in accordance with the following steps：The pollen load of 5 1g is supplied during beginning, it
Afterwards according to the amount supply bee pollen of 5g, 10g, 15g, 15g weekly.
In step (5), the high-quality raising box standard is enlivened for drone, dead honeybee<5 and no pollution.
Offer sucrose solution is only needed in transportation as the raising box of commodity group and pollen is not provided, and award in drone
Powder group uses front removal sucrose solution.
In step (3), described is in CO the step of be passed through fresh air2What gas was carried out after being full of beehive 20min.
The artificial fecundation method of bumblebee male bee colony of the present invention, relies on what queen bee was bred in abandoning prior art
Mode, is bred using the worker bee of bumblebee, using CO2The mode of gas anesthesia releases the diapause of worker bee, CO2Process can be adjusted
Section juvenile hormone level, induces egg development, shortens first egg-laying time, makes queen bee fecund worker bee, reduces and produce new queen bee.This
Invention methods described carries out the cultivation of worker bee using the nutritional solution of screening, not only relieves restriction of the queen bee to worker bee, more enters one
Step promotes worker bee sexual maturity to lay eggs, not only speed but also breeding amount is larger in groups, goes out the male honeybee time and more concentrates, has
Help pollination and the result situation of plant.Simultaneously artificial fecundation method of the present invention use manpower and material resources sparingly, it is and with low cost.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Described in the present embodiment, the artificial fecundation method of bumblebee male bee colony, specifically includes following steps：
(1) honeybee kind breeding：The worker bee of ground bumblebee is taken, is carried out under the conditions of 28 ± 1 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 60 ± 10% numerous
Educate culture；
(2) feedstuff culture：Preparing nutritional solution carries out forage feed to selected worker bee；The nutritional solution includes bee pollen and sugarcane
Sugar liquid；The mass concentration of the sucrose liquid is 1 for the mass ratio of 50wt%, the bee pollen and sucrose liquid:3, the bee pollen
It is 1 including mass ratio：1：1 Hawthorn Pollen, Pollen Brassicae campestriss and Flos Camelliae Japonicae pollen；
(3) CO is passed through according to the flow velocity of 1L/min into rearing-box2Gas is anaesthetized, to break the diapause of worker bee, extremely
CO2Gas is full of beehive, and being passed through fresh air after 20min makes which revive；
(4) take the CO of different groups2Worker bee after process is raised jointly, while the feedstuff and battalion in supply such as step (2)
Nutrient solution carries out raising 2-4 days, to release restriction effect of the queen pheromone to worker bee；
(5) 20 workers bee of random choose are one group, and are put into the small-sized raising box of the small-sized corrugated paper of a 15*15*15cm
In raise under conditions of dark, supply 5 about Herba leucadis ciliatae powder balls of 1g (in the bee pollen such as step (2)) during beginning, produce
According to 5g weekly after ovum, the amount supply pollen load of 10g, 15g, 15g, after reaching the 40 male honeybees that sprout wings, is chosen drone and is lived
Jump, dead honeybee<5, do not have pollute raising box as pollination group, you can as commodity, group uses.The commodity group feeding is supported box and is existed
Sucrose solution is only provided in transportation, pollen need not be provided, and in drone pollination group using front removing sucrose solution bottle.
Embodiment 2
Described in the present embodiment, the artificial fecundation method of bumblebee male bee colony, specifically includes following steps：
(1) honeybee kind breeding：The worker bee of ground bumblebee is taken, is carried out under the conditions of 28 ± 1 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 60 ± 10% numerous
Educate culture；
(2) feedstuff culture：Preparing nutritional solution carries out forage feed to selected worker bee；The nutritional solution includes bee pollen and sugarcane
Sugar liquid；The mass concentration of the sucrose liquid is 3 for the mass ratio of 50wt%, the bee pollen and sucrose liquid:1, the bee pollen
It is 1 including mass ratio：1：1 Hawthorn Pollen, Pollen Brassicae campestriss and Flos Camelliae Japonicae pollen；
(3) CO is passed through according to the flow velocity of 1L/min into rearing-box2Gas is anaesthetized, to break the diapause of worker bee, extremely
CO2Gas is full of beehive, and being passed through fresh air after 20min makes which revive；
(4) take the CO of different groups2Worker bee after process is raised jointly, while the nutritional solution in supply such as step (2) enters
Row is raised 2-4 days, to release restriction effect of the queen pheromone to worker bee；
(5) 15 workers bee of random choose are one group, and are put into the small-sized raising box of the small-sized corrugated paper of a 15*15*15cm
In raise under conditions of dark, supply 5 about Herba leucadis ciliatae powder balls of 1g (in the bee pollen such as step (2)) during beginning, produce
According to 5g weekly after ovum, the amount supply pollen load of 10g, 15g, 15g, after reaching the 40 male honeybees that sprout wings, is chosen drone and is lived
Jump, dead honeybee<5, do not have pollute raising box as pollination group, you can as commodity, group uses.The commodity group feeding is supported box and is existed
Sucrose solution is only provided in transportation, pollen need not be provided, and in drone pollination group using front removing sucrose solution bottle.
Embodiment 3
Described in the present embodiment, the artificial fecundation method of bumblebee male bee colony, specifically includes following steps：
(1) honeybee kind breeding：The worker bee of ground bumblebee is taken, is carried out under the conditions of 28 ± 1 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 60 ± 10% numerous
Educate culture；
(2) feedstuff culture：Preparing nutritional solution carries out forage feed to selected worker bee；The nutritional solution includes bee pollen and sugarcane
Sugar liquid；The mass concentration of the sucrose liquid is 2 for the mass ratio of 50wt%, the bee pollen and sucrose liquid：2, the bee pollen
It is 1 including mass ratio：1：1 Hawthorn Pollen, Pollen Brassicae campestriss and Flos Camelliae Japonicae pollen；
(3) CO is passed through by the flow velocity of 0.8L/min into rearing-box2Gas is anaesthetized, to break the diapause of worker bee, extremely
CO2Gas is full of beehive, and being passed through fresh air after 25min makes which revive；
(4) take the CO of different groups2Worker bee after process is raised jointly, while the nutritional solution in supply such as step (2) enters
Row is raised 2-4 days, to release restriction effect of the queen pheromone to worker bee；
(5) 10 workers bee of random choose are one group, and are put into the small-sized raising box of the small-sized corrugated paper of a 15*15*15cm
In raise under conditions of dark, supply 5 about Herba leucadis ciliatae powder balls of 1g (in the bee pollen such as step (2)) during beginning, produce
According to 5g weekly after ovum, the amount supply pollen load of 10g, 15g, 15g, after reaching the 40 male honeybees that sprout wings, is chosen drone and is lived
Jump, dead honeybee<5, do not have pollute raising box as pollination group, you can as commodity, group uses.The commodity group feeding is supported box and is existed
Sucrose solution is only provided in transportation, pollen need not be provided, and in drone pollination group using front removing sucrose solution bottle.
Application examples
1 onion of application examples pollinates
20 plants of onion plant is taken, is carried out according to conventional Pollination Modes with breeding the commodity group for obtaining (20) in embodiment 1
Pollination, and detect plant fruit-setting rate be 84%.
Same 20 plants of onion plant for choosing the same area, with fly, 20 carry out plant pollination, detect bearing fruit for plant
Rate is 19%.
Same 20 plants of onion plant for choosing the same area, with individual worker bee, 20 carry out plant pollination, and after 3 days, worker bee is complete
Portion is dead, and test stops.
Same 20 plants of onion plant for choosing the same area, with 20 male honeybees for directly catching in later stage bumblebee group, 7 days
Dead 9.3 afterwards, detect that the fruit-setting rate of plant is 46%.
2 Bulbus Allii Cepae of application examples pollinates
50 plants of Bulbus Allii Cepae plant is taken, is carried out according to conventional Pollination Modes with breeding the commodity group for obtaining (40) in embodiment 1
Pollination, and detect plant fruit-setting rate be 86%.
Same 50 plants of onion plant for choosing the same area, with fly, 40 carry out plant pollination, detect bearing fruit for plant
Rate is 17%.
Same 50 plants of onion plant for choosing the same area, with individual worker bee, 40 carry out plant pollination, all dead after 3 days
Die, test stops.
Same 50 plants of onion plant for choosing the same area, with 40 male honeybees for directly catching in later stage bumblebee group, 7 days
Dead 18 afterwards, detect that the fruit-setting rate of plant is 38%.
3 Radix Raphani of application examples pollinates
50 plants of radish plant is taken, is awarded according to conventional Pollination Modes with breeding the commodity group for obtaining (40) in embodiment 1
Powder, and detect plant fruit-setting rate be 94%.
Same 50 plants of radish plant for choosing the same area, with individual worker bee, 40 carry out plant pollination, all dead after 3 days
Die, test stops.
Same 50 plants of radish plant for choosing the same area, with 40 male honeybees for directly catching in later stage bumblebee group, 7 days
Dead 21 afterwards, and detect plant fruit-setting rate be 67%.
4 Chinese cabbage of application examples pollinates
100 plants of Chinese cabbage plant is taken, is carried out according to conventional Pollination Modes with breeding the commodity group for obtaining (60) in embodiment 1
Pollination, and detect plant fruit-setting rate be 85%.
Same 100 plants of Chinese cabbage plant for choosing the same area, with individual worker bee, 60 carry out plant pollination, after 3 days all
Death, test stop.
Same 100 plants of Chinese cabbage plant for choosing the same area, with 60 male honeybees for directly catching in later stage bumblebee group, 7
Dead 35 after it, fruit-setting rate 56% is detected.
5 Chinese cabbage of application examples pollinates
1 plant of Chinese cabbage plant is taken, is awarded according to conventional Pollination Modes with breeding the commodity group for obtaining (5) in embodiment 1
Powder, and detect plant fruit-setting rate be 89%.
Same 1 plant of Chinese cabbage plant for choosing the same area, with individual worker bee, 5 carry out plant pollination, all dead after 3 days
Die, test stops.
Same 1 plant of Chinese cabbage plant for choosing the same area, with 5 male honeybees for directly catching in later stage bumblebee group, after 7 days
Dead 4, detect fruit-setting rate 32%.
6 Fructus Cucumidis sativi of application examples pollinates
200 plants of cucumber plant is taken, is entered according to conventional Pollination Modes with breeding the commodity group for obtaining (100) in embodiment 1
Row pollination, and detect single melon seed number 267 of plant.
200 plants of the cucumber plant of the same area is chosen, using spontaneous pollination, detection list melon seed number 198.
200 plants of the cucumber plant of the same area is chosen, 20 carry out conventional pollination with individual worker bee, it is all dead after 3 days,
Test stops.
200 plants of the cucumber plant of the same area is chosen, with 100 male honeybees for directly catching in later stage bumblebee group, detection
Single melon seed number 249.
The artificial fecundation method of bumblebee male honeybee of the present invention, is bred using the worker bee of bumblebee, and using screening
Feedstuff and nutritional solution carry out the cultivation of worker bee, not only relieve restriction of the queen bee to worker bee, further promote worker bee property into
Ripe spawning, not only speed but also breeding amount is larger in groups, contributes to plant pollination and result situation.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example, and the not restriction to embodiment.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description other multi-forms change or
Change.There is no need to be exhaustive to all of embodiment.And thus it is extended obvious change or
Among changing still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. the male bee colony artificial fecundation method of a kind of bumblebee, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
(1) honeybee kind breeding：Taking bumblebee worker bee carries out breeding culture；
(2) feedstuff culture：Formula feed and nutritional solution carry out forage feed to selected worker bee；
(3) the bumblebee worker bee after nursing is placed in closed rearing-box, and is passed through CO2Gas is to CO2Gas carries out fiber crops full of beehive
The liquor-saturated diapause to break worker bee, and being passed through fresh air makes which revive；
(4) take CO2The worker bee of the different groups after process is placed in same rearing-box and raises, while supply feedstuff and nutritional solution enter
Row is raised；
(5) some workers bee of random choose are one group, are placed in raising box and raise under dark condition, and supported with bee pollen, directly
After reaching the male honeybee of emergence 40, it is pollination group to choose high-quality and raise box, and as commodity, group uses.
2. the male bee colony artificial fecundation method of bumblebee according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (2) and
In step (4), the feedstuff and nutritional solution are respectively the sucrose liquid of bee pollen and mass concentration for 50wt%.
3. the male bee colony artificial fecundation method of bumblebee according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the bee pollen and sugarcane
The mass ratio of sugar liquid is 1-3:1-3.
4. the male bee colony artificial fecundation method of the bumblebee according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that the step
Suddenly in (5), mixture of the bee pollen for Hawthorn Pollen, Pollen Brassicae campestriss and Flos Camelliae Japonicae pollen.
5. the male bee colony artificial fecundation method of bumblebee according to claim 4, it is characterised in that Hawthorn Pollen, Brassica campestris L
The mass ratio of pollen and Flos Camelliae Japonicae pollen is 1：1：1.
6. the male bee colony artificial fecundation method of the bumblebee according to any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that the step
Suddenly, in (5), each worker bee quantity raised in box is 12-20 heads.
7. the male bee colony artificial fecundation method of the bumblebee according to any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that the step
Suddenly, in (5), the supply of the bee pollen is in accordance with the following steps：During beginning supply 5 1g pollen load, afterwards according to 5g weekly,
The amount supply bee pollen of 10g, 15g, 15g.
8. the male bee colony artificial fecundation method of the bumblebee according to any one of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that the step
Suddenly in (5), the high-quality raising box standard is enlivened for drone, dead honeybee<5 and no pollution.
9. the male bee colony artificial fecundation method of the bumblebee according to any one of claim 1-8, it is characterised in that as business
The raising box of product group only needs to provide sucrose solution and do not provide pollen in transportation, and uses front removal in drone pollination group
Sucrose solution.
10. the male bee colony artificial fecundation method of the bumblebee according to any one of claim 1-9, it is characterised in that described
In step (3), described is in CO the step of be passed through fresh air2What gas was carried out after being full of beehive 20min.
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| CN111418554A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-17 | 吉林省养蜂科学研究所（吉林省蜂产品质量管理监督站、吉林省蜜蜂遗传资源基因保护中心） | Rapid breeding method for bumblebee |
| CN111543308A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-18 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Preparation method of pollen for pollination |
| CN114342885A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-04-15 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Breeding method of male bees for bee breeding |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111418554A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-17 | 吉林省养蜂科学研究所（吉林省蜂产品质量管理监督站、吉林省蜜蜂遗传资源基因保护中心） | Rapid breeding method for bumblebee |
| CN111543308A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-18 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Preparation method of pollen for pollination |
| CN114342885A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-04-15 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Breeding method of male bees for bee breeding |
| CN114342885B (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-11-22 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Breeding method of male bees for bee breeding |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN106508814B (en) | 2019-12-03 |
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