CN114342885A - Breeding method of male bees for bee breeding - Google Patents
Breeding method of male bees for bee breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN114342885A CN114342885A CN202210197885.3A CN202210197885A CN114342885A CN 114342885 A CN114342885 A CN 114342885A CN 202210197885 A CN202210197885 A CN 202210197885A CN 114342885 A CN114342885 A CN 114342885A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of drone breeding, in particular to a breeding method of a drone for breeding bees, which aims at the problems that the health condition of the drone is general and the sperm quality is general in the prior art; the problem that the recovery rate of sexually mature drone cannot be guaranteed, the following scheme is proposed, which comprises the following steps: s1: building a bee cage of the drone; s2: selecting breeding varieties of the drone; s3: establishing a drone breeding group; s4: feeding drone; s5: stocking the drone; s6: observing the sexual maturity period of the drone; s7: and (5) breeding the drone. In the invention, a large amount of feed is needed for the male bee colony, the honeybees and the pollen spleens are put into the male bee breeding colony together, and the male bees are taken out of the house for intensive feeding, so that the male bees are fully nutritious, and the sperm quality is improved; can be fed in bee cages, and ensures the recovery rate of sexually mature drone.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drone breeding, in particular to a breeding method of a drone for bee breeding.
Background
The variety of bees has a significant impact on both the quality and yield of the bee product. However, the problems of bee variety degradation, low yield of bee products, poor quality and the like are always puzzled to bee farmers due to the prolonged breeding time and the inexorable long-term development of breeding work. Therefore, the bee breeding has great significance for promoting the development of the bee breeding industry in China. Bee breeding is an important foundation for the development of the bee industry.
In the breeding work, the drone plays an important role. The males represent paternal inheritance, the number and quality of the males mating with the queen have a significant influence on the characteristics of the colony, while the quality of the queen itself is also to a large extent dependent on the number and quality of the males mating therewith. After the queen bee is mated and mated in a short time, 500-700 million sperms must be filled in the germ cell of the queen bee to meet the requirement of producing germ cells in the life. In one mating process, if fertilization is insufficient, the queen bees are subjected to a second, third or fourth mating process, so that the chance of casualty of the queen bees is increased, and if the queen bees cannot be fertilized sufficiently due to the small number of male bees or poor climatic conditions, worker bees often replace the queen bees which lay eggs but are not fertilized sufficiently early. The quality of the drone relates to whether the queen bee fertilization can be successful at one time and whether the drone can stand in a bee colony. Therefore, the drone plays an important role in queen bee fertilization and bee breeding.
The male bees play an important role in bee breeding. The drone in the swarm is the same as the queen bee, and is the main hereditary and direct transmitter of the swarm. The genetic characteristics and beneficial economic traits of the bee queen bee have the same important status as those of the bee queen bee in the influence on the offspring. Whether the queen bees mate naturally or the queen bees are fertilized artificially, a large number of high-quality male bees cannot be separated, and the numerous male bees are important conditions for ensuring that the queen bees complete mating smoothly and have male and female selection.
Selecting high-quality bee colony (father colony) specially used for breeding male bees, and breeding a large number of male bees, so that the queen bee can be mated with the high-quality and age-adapted male bees. And can also advance or prolong the queen breeding period.
Drone genetically occupies half of the genetic material. The eugenic of the queen bee must be added with the eugenic of the male bee to ensure the eugenic of the bee and the bee species. The drone has rich honey powder source, is suitable for the season of swarming, and is subjected to excellent treatment by worker bees, which is the requirement of biological evolution. Because the influence of the quality of the male bee character on the offspring is the same as that of the Virgo. Therefore, the breeding of high-quality male bees in breeding has important significance for improving the production performance of offspring bee colonies.
The defect of drone breeding in the prior art is as follows: the drone is not emphasized, people usually only emphasize the breeding of queen bees and neglects the importance of the drone breeding; the male bees bred in large quantity are not fed in a key way after leaving the hive, and because the male bees are cared for by the bushy bees which are heavy in the work load of feeding bees (feeding queens and larvae), the male bees are not fully nourished, the health condition is general, and the sperm quality is general; the range of activity of the drone is large in the natural state, the drone is not limited to a certain bee colony and a bee field, and the recovery rate of the sexually mature drone cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the health condition of drone is general, and the quality of sperm is general; the method for breeding male bees by bees solves the problem that the recovery rate of the sexually mature male bees cannot be guaranteed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the breeding method of the male bees for bee breeding comprises the following steps:
s1: building a bee cage of the drone;
s2: selecting breeding varieties of the drone;
s3: establishing a drone breeding group;
s4: feeding drone;
s5: stocking the drone;
s6: observing the sexual maturity period of the drone;
s7: and (5) breeding the drone.
Preferably, in S1, a beehive is selected, the dimensions of the beehive being: length: 0.3-0.4m, width: 0.3-0.5m, high: 0.4-0.5m, 4-5 bee cages are placed in each beehive, the number of the males of each bee cage is 70-100, two hooks, a grid mesh, a male bee inlet and a plurality of fasteners are arranged on each bee cage, and the fasteners are used for installing the grid mesh on the bee cage;
compared with the prior art: the bee cage top has the couple, can hang on the frame, and the bee cage size is suitable (worker bee can freely come in and go out the male bee of feeding, and the individual unable bee cage of following of male bee escapes greatly), and 3 bee cages can be hung to every frame, can guarantee to bear more male bees. The bee cage hangs on the frame, can directly put into the bee case, hangs the design, and both accessible of both sides bars net worker bee feeds and eats for the drone, guarantees drone nutrition supply. A drone can only be put into to drone entry size, makes it hardly reverse crawl out, guarantees the high-efficient drone of collecting, and the back is all adorned, and the entry is filled up with the beeswax, and drone can't climb out the bee cage. The bee cage frame is made of wood materials, the grid mesh is made of high polymer materials, and the bee cage frame is non-toxic and tasteless and does not influence the normal behavior of bees.
Preferably, in S2, a father group with a specific character is selected, a queen controller is used to control a queen to lay eggs on a designated male spleen, and the queen is transferred to a male bee breeding group after 23 days.
Preferably, in S3, the drone breeding group is constructed by using a cotton swab which does not have a queen bee, stabilizing the bee colony with queen bee pheromone absorbed thereon, wherein the queen bee pheromone is a mixture of trans-9-oxo-2-decenoic acid and trans-9-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid and is replaced every 4 to 5 days, and the drone breeding group further comprises one pollen spleen and one honey spleen, and two daughter spleens which are being taken out of the house, and is replaced every 4 to 5 days.
Compared with the prior art: according to the biological characteristics of bees, sufficient grain supply is guaranteed in bee colonies by utilizing the activity characteristics of the bees, and the pollen spleens and the honey spleens are respectively one. Two son spleens (updated every five days) which are going out of the hive ensure that the number of feeding bees in a swarm is sufficient, the swarm has no queen, the swarm is stabilized by using cotton swabs adsorbed with queen pheromone, no queen exists in the swarm, no larva needs to be fed, a worker bee has sufficient energy to feed a drone and has the cotton swabs with the queen pheromone, the false image of the queen in the swarm is made, the swarm can be stabilized, and the worker bee can normally work.
Preferably, in S4, the drone larva before 3 days old mainly takes royal jelly as food, after 3 days old mainly takes honey and royal jelly mixture as food, and takes honey and bee pollen as food after going out of the house;
compared with the prior art: the drone is large in size and high in food consumption, and sufficient honey and pollen need to be reserved in a bee colony, so that the worker bees can actively feed the drone and the nutrition supply of the drone is guaranteed; the drone is short in kiss, cannot feed by itself in most of time, and depends on feeding of nursing worker bees, so that the number of nursing bees is very important for a drone breeding group, and the number of nursing bees in the drone group needs to be ensured;
according to the living characteristics of bees and the application of bee colony resources, optimized utilization of bee colony resources is carried out according to experimental requirements, a large amount of feed is needed by a male bee colony, a honey comb and a pollen comb are placed into the male bee breeding colony together to reduce labor of worker bees, a large amount of feeding bees are needed for feeding the male bees, a son comb which is going out of a house is placed into the breeding colony and is updated every 4-5 days, and it is ensured that a sufficient number of worker bees feed the male bees.
Preferably, in S5, the drone is put into the bee cage through the drone entrance after leaving the house, only one drone can be put into each time, the drone is difficult to climb out reversely, and after all the drone is put into the bee cage, the drone is plugged with beeswax.
Preferably, in S6, male bees reach sexual maturity 15-18 days after leaving the house, the sunny temperature is selected to be suitable for 30-35 ℃, the bee cage is taken down and placed into the flying box, 30-35 male bees are released each time by opening the nail button (the excitement state of the male bees is ensured), the male bees are enabled to try to fly in the box and defecate, the infrared lamp is used for irradiating and supplementing heat, the sperm taking operation can be carried out after 5-10 minutes, the redundant male bees are re-placed into the bee cage and placed back into the bee box, and the male bees can be used the next day through rest and supplement of feed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention utilizes the activity characteristics of bees according to the biological characteristics of the bees, ensures sufficient grain supply in bee colonies, and has one pollen spleen and one honey spleen respectively. Two spleens exiting the house (updated every five days) ensure that the number of nursing bees in the swarm is sufficient. This bee colony does not have the bee queen, utilizes the cotton swab that adsorbs to have the queen information element to stabilize the bee colony, does not have the queen in the bee colony, can not have the larva to need feed, and worker bee can have sufficient energy to feed drone, has the cotton swab of queen information element, makes the false image of queen in the bee colony, can stabilize the bee colony, lets worker bee normally work.
According to the invention, the optimized utilization of bee colony resources is carried out according to the living characteristics of bees and the application of the bee colony resources, the male bee colony needs a large amount of feed, the honey spleens and the pollen spleens are placed into the male bee breeding colony together, so that the labor of worker bees is reduced, a large amount of feeding bees are needed for feeding the male bees, the brood spleens which are going out of the house are placed into the breeding colony, and the feeding is carried out every 5 days, so that the sufficient number of worker bees are ensured to be fed.
The worker bees judge whether the queen is in the bee colony or not by identifying the queen pheromone. The cotton swab absorbed with queen bee pheromone (mixture of trans-9-oxo-2-decenoic acid and trans-9-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid) is placed into a bee colony, worker bees can recognize the cotton swab, the worker bees can think that queen bee exists in the bee colony, and the bee colony is not unstable due to the fact that the bee colony does not have the queen bee.
The convenient design of the bee cage of the invention: the bee cage top has the couple, can hang on the frame, and the bee cage size is suitable (worker bee can freely come in and go out the male bee of feeding, and the individual unable bee cage of following of male bee escapes greatly), and 3 bee cages can be hung to every frame, can guarantee to bear more male bees. The bee cage hangs on the frame, can directly put into the bee case, hangs the design, and both accessible of both sides bars net worker bee feeds and eats for the drone, guarantees drone nutrition supply. A drone can only be put into to drone entry size, makes it hardly reverse crawl out, guarantees the high-efficient drone of collecting, and the back is all adorned, and the entry is filled up with the beeswax, and drone can't climb out the bee cage. The bee cage frame is made of wood materials, the grid mesh is made of high polymer materials, and the bee cage frame is non-toxic and tasteless and does not influence the normal behavior of bees.
The invention carries out the key feeding for the drone when the drone leaves the house, ensures the drone to have sufficient nutrition and improves the sperm quality; can be fed in bee cages, and ensures the recovery rate of sexually mature drone.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a breeding method of male bees for bee breeding according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a bee cage according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the breeding method of male bees for bee breeding comprises the following steps:
s1: the bee cage of drone is built, selects the beehive, and the both sides of beehive are rotated and are set up the case lid, and the size of beehive is: length: 0.41m, width: 0.51m, high: 0.26m, 4-5 bee cages are placed in each beehive, the width of each bee cage grid is 0.42cm, the maximum load carrying quantity of the male bees of each bee cage is 100, two hooks, a grid, a male bee inlet and a plurality of fasteners are arranged on each bee cage, and the fasteners are used for installing the grid on the bee cage;
s2: selecting breeding varieties of the male bees, selecting a father group with specific characteristics, controlling a queen bee to lay eggs on a designated male honeycomb by using a queen bee limiter, and transferring the egg spleen to the breeding group of the male bees after 23 days;
s3: establishing a drone breeding group, wherein the drone breeding group is established, the bee group does not have a queen, the bee group is stabilized by using cotton swabs absorbed with queen pheromone, the queen pheromone is a mixture of trans-9-oxo-2-decenoic acid and trans-9-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid and is replaced every 4 days, and the drone breeding group also comprises a pollen spleen and a honey spleen respectively and two daughter spleens which are coming out of the house and are replaced every 4 days;
s4: feeding drone, wherein the drone larva mainly takes royal jelly before 3 days of age, mainly takes honey and royal jelly mixture as food after 3 days of age, and takes honey and bee pollen as food after leaving the house: the drone is large in size and high in food consumption, enough honey and pollen reserve in a bee colony is guaranteed, so that worker bees can actively feed the drone and guarantee the nutrition supply of the drone, the drone is short in kiss and cannot feed in most of time, and feeding of nursing worker bees is relied on, so that the number of nursing bees is critical to the drone breeding colony and the number of the nursing bees in the bee colony needs to be guaranteed;
s5: stocking the drone, putting the drone into a bee cage after the drone leaves a house, putting the drone through a drone inlet, only putting one drone each time, making the drone difficult to climb out reversely, and filling the drone with beewax after all the drone is put;
s6: observing the sexual maturity period of the drone, wherein the drone reaches sexual maturity 15 days after the drone is taken out of the house, selecting a sunny temperature suitable for 30 ℃, taking off the drone cage, placing the drone cage into a flight box, opening a nail button to release 30 drone every time, (ensuring the excitability state of the drone), enabling the drone to trial fly in the box for defecation, irradiating an infrared lamp to supplement heat, performing semen extraction operation after 5 minutes, reloading redundant drone into the drone cage, returning the drone cage, and utilizing the drone for the next day through rest and supplement of feed.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The breeding method of the male bees for bee breeding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: building a bee cage of the drone;
s2: selecting breeding varieties of the drone;
s3: establishing a drone breeding group;
s4: feeding drone;
s5: stocking the drone;
s6: observing the sexual maturity period of the drone;
s7: and (5) breeding the drone.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S1, a beehive is selected, the size of the beehive is: length: 0.3-0.4m, width: 0.3-0.5m, high: 0.4-0.5 m.
3. A breeding method of male bees for bee breeding according to claim 1, wherein in S1, 4-5 bee cages are placed in each beehive, the width of the grid mesh of each bee cage is 0.42cm, and the number of male bees in each bee cage is 70-100.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S1, there are two hooks, a grid, a drone entrance and a plurality of pins for mounting the grid on the bee cage.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S2, a father colony with specific characteristics is selected, a queen controller is used to control queen bee to lay eggs on a designated male honeycomb, and the egg spleen is transferred to the male bee colony after 23 days.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the male bees are grouped into a bee colony without queen bees, and the bee colony is stabilized by a cotton swab having absorbed thereon queen pheromone, which is a mixture of trans-9-oxo-2-decenoic acid and trans-9-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid and is replaced every 4 to 5 days; the drone breeding colony also comprises one pollen spleen and one honey spleen respectively and two daughter spleens which are going out of the house, and the pollen spleens and the honey spleens are replaced every 4 to 5 days so as to ensure that the bee colony is sufficient in food.
7. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, the drone larva at 3 days old is fed with royal jelly, and at 3 days old, is fed with mixture of Mel and Lac Regis Apis, and is fed with Mel and bee pollen after delivery.
8. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S5, the male bees are loaded into the bee cage through the male bee entrance after leaving the house, only one male bee can be loaded each time, the male bees are difficult to climb out reversely, and the bee wax is used to plug the cage after all the male bees are loaded.
9. The breeding method of male bees for bee breeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S6, the male bees reach sexual maturity 15-18 days after leaving the house, the sunny temperature is selected to be 30-35 degrees, the bee cage is taken down and placed in a flying box, the nail button is opened to release 30-35 male bees each time, the male bees are enabled to try to fly and defecate in the box, the infrared lamp is used for irradiating and supplementing heat, the semen collection operation can be performed after 5-10 minutes, the redundant male bees are placed in the bee cage again and placed in the bee box, and the bee cage can be used the next day through rest and supplement of feed.
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- 2022-03-02 CN CN202210197885.3A patent/CN114342885B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
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| JP2008113605A (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2008-05-22 | Nakamura Kazuo | Method for breeding, supplying and raising japanese indigenous bumblebees |
| CN101822226A (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2010-09-08 | 顾光耀 | Production method of holandric honeycomb and fresh and alive pure drone pupa |
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| CN112602629A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-06 | 重庆市畜牧科学院 | Device and method for breeding drone colony |
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