CN1780908A - 磷脂酶和其生产方法 - Google Patents
磷脂酶和其生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1780908A CN1780908A CNA2004800115391A CN200480011539A CN1780908A CN 1780908 A CN1780908 A CN 1780908A CN A2004800115391 A CNA2004800115391 A CN A2004800115391A CN 200480011539 A CN200480011539 A CN 200480011539A CN 1780908 A CN1780908 A CN 1780908A
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Abstract
本发明涉及通过加工表达的真菌肽生产磷脂酶的方法和某些特定的磷脂酶。而且本发明提供用磷脂酶生产干酪的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及水解磷脂的方法,生产磷脂酶的方法,制作干酪(cheese)的方法,和磷脂酶。
背景技术
Soragni,E.等(2001)EMBO J.20:5079-5090公开了来自Tuber borchii的磷脂酶(TbSP1)和编码它的基因的cDNA核苷酸序列。下面的肽序列发表在所示的资源中,来源于所示的生物体:
·COGEME植物致病(Phytopathogenic)真菌和Oomycete EST数据库,Unisequence ID:VD0100C34,大丽花轮支孢(Verticilliumdahliae)。
·NCBI蛋白质数据库,gi:18307435,粗糙链孢霉(Neurospora crassa)
·NCBI蛋白质数据库,gi:16519372,Helicosporum sp.HN1
·WO0056762,序列号:5954,米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)
·TREMBL蛋白质数据库,EAA28927,粗糙链孢霉(Neurosporacrassa)
·美国6399121公开了磷脂酶在干酪制造中的应用。
发明概述
发明者们分析了真菌组X III磷脂酶A2的已知的序列资料,并且从发表的序列资料或者通过筛选自然资源中相关序列,他们鉴定了额外的序列。通过在合适的宿主体内表达编码真菌组X III磷脂酶A2,他们发现表达的序列包括在N-末端或C-末端或两侧偶联了肽序列的核心肽,并且在合适的宿主体内表达基因可以导致表达的肽断裂以获得核心肽,此核心肽在N-末端或C-末端没有任何肽延长。他们进一步发现没有任何肽延长的核心肽比连接有肽延长者具有明显更高的磷脂酶活性。最后,他们发现用此方法发现的核心肽在长度和序列上与Helicosporium sp.(Wakatsuki,S.et al.(2001)Biochim.Biophys.Acta 1522:74-81)的未知功能的已知成熟肽相似,也和缺乏肽延长(extension)而不是分泌信号的细菌组X III磷脂酶A2相似(Sugiyama,M.et al.(2002)J.Biol.Chem.277:20051-20058)。
发明者们也发现与真菌组X III磷脂酶A2有活性位点序列相似性和其半胱氨酸残基保守性的磷脂酶在干酪制造中是有用的。
此外,发明者从Fusarium venenatum A3/5中发现并分离了编码新磷脂酶的基因,镰孢霉菌A3/5最初保藏为Fusarium graminearum ATCC 20334,最近被重新分类为镰孢霉菌,被Yoder和Christianson,1998,Fungal Geneticsand Biology 23:62-80;和O’Donnell等,1998,Fungal Genetics and Biology23:57-67。磷脂酶属于真菌/细菌组X III PLA2,其由Soragni等定义:Soragniet al.,The EMBO Journal,20(2001),5079-5090。发明者也将新的磷脂酶编码基因克隆到大肠杆菌株,并用克隆的基因制备在米曲霉中表达Fusarium磷脂酶基因的构建体。发明者将米曲霉用此构建体转化,并从曲霉属(Aspergillus)细胞中分离磷脂酶。
因此,发明提供生产磷脂酶的方法,其包括加工(processing)表达的真菌肽以从C-末端和/或从N-末端裂解掉肽以获得核心肽(corn peptide),其中核心肽包括:
a)下列给出的氨基酸序列:SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸146-153,SEQ IDNO:3的氨基酸87-94,或SEQ ID NO:12的氨基酸79-86;或除了用另一个氨基酸取代单个氨基酸外与任何这些氨基酸序列等同的序列;和
b)位于a)给出的序列的N-末端一侧的至少两个半胱氨酸残基;和
c)位于a)给出的序列的C-末端一侧的至少两个半胱氨酸残基。
发明也提供用本发明的磷脂酶水解磷脂的方法。而且发明提供通过将干酪用乳(cheese milk)或干酪用乳的成分(fraction)与磷脂酶接触并从干酪用乳(cheese milk)生产干酪的方法。
最后,发明提供磷脂酶,其是与某些特定序列具有至少80%氨基酸序列同一性的多肽。
附图说明
图1表示真菌组X III磷脂酶A2的氨基酸序列比对,显示已知的加工位点(|)。活性位点共有的序列被标记下划线。保守的半胱氨酸残基在共有区的下面用|指示。用Vector NTI程序suite v8的AlignX程序进行比对。使用的算法是ClustalW,其带有blosum62mt2矩阵和AlignX默认设置。
发明详述
表达的肽
发明使用表达的真菌肽其属于由活性位点序列相似性所定义的组,并且在Soragni,E.,et al.(2001)EMBO J.20:5079-5090给出的组“真菌/细菌组X III磷脂酶A2”定义中使用半胱氨酸残基保守性。肽是真菌的,例如源自Tuber,轮枝孢属(Verticillium),链孢霉属(Neurospora),Helicosporum,或曲霉属,特别是T.borchii,T.albidum,大丽花轮支孢(V.dahliae),V.tenerum,粗糙链孢霉(N.crassa),Helicosporium sp.HN1或米曲霉。
肽可以具有磷脂酶活性,例如磷脂酶A活性,例如磷脂酶A1和/或磷脂酶A2活性。
一些具体地例子是具有下面序列表中列出的氨基酸序列的已知肽。也说明了源生物体和参考文献:
·SEQ ID NO:1.Tuber borchii.Soragni,E.,et al.(2001)EMBO J.20:5079-5090
·SEQ IN NO:3.大丽花轮支孢,COGEME植物致病真菌和OomyceteEST数据库,Unisequence ID:VD0100C34.
·SEQ ID NO:4.粗糙链孢霉,NCBI蛋白质数据库,gi:18307435。
·SEQ ID NO:5.Helicosporum sp.HN1.NCBI蛋白质数据库,gi:16519372。
·SEQ ID NO:7.米曲霉,WO 0056762,SEQ ID NO:5954。
·SEQ ID NO:8.粗糙链孢霉,TREMBL蛋白质数据库,EAA28927。
进一步,发明者从天然来源分离具有所示序列的下面的真菌磷脂酶,这些天然来源购自公共保藏库或保藏在所示的国家和年代:
·SEQ ID NO:10.Tuber albidum.购自Centraalbureau voorSchimmel-cultures,Utrecht,荷兰,分离CBS272.72
·SEQ ID NO:12.Verticillium tenerum.爱尔兰,1996
发明者将从T.albidum(SEQ ID NO:9)来的基因插入大肠杆菌中并按照布达佩斯条约(Budapest Treaty)于2003年2月12日保藏克隆。在德国Deutsce Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen(DSMZ),Mascheroder Weg 1b,D-38124 Braunschweig进行保藏,并记录为保藏物号DSM15441。
发明的一个实施方案中提供磷脂酶,其是与以下氨基酸序列具有至少80%,例如85%,优选90%,更优选至少95%氨基酸序列同一性的多肽:与SEQ ID NO:10(T.albidum)中的氨基酸91-210,SEQ ID NO:1(T.borchii)中的氨基酸92-211,SEQ ID NO:12(V.tenerum)中的氨基酸30-137,SEQ IDNO:3(大丽花轮支孢)中的氨基酸38-145,SEQ ID NO:4(粗糙链孢霉)中的氨基酸44-151,SEQ ID NO:7(米曲霉)中的氨基酸37-157,或者SEQ ID NO:8(粗糙链孢霉)中的氨基酸58-168。
肽加工
通过分析序列表中的磷脂酶序列,发明者发现每个表达的氨基酸序列由下述组成,信号肽,核心肽,和附加在核心肽C-或N-末端,或两端的功能未知的额外肽序列。
核心肽
核心肽特点是相同的活性位点序列相似性和半胱氨酸残基保守性,其由Soragni,E.,et al.(2001)EMBO J.20:5079-5090在真菌的/细菌的组X III磷脂酶A2观察到。
在发明的优选实施方案中核心肽包括:a)下列给出的序列:SEQ IDNO:1的氨基酸146-153,SEQ ID NO:3的氨基酸87-94,或SEQ ID NO:12的氨基酸79-86;或除了用另一个氨基酸取代单个氨基酸与这些氨基酸序列任何一个相同的序列;和b)位于a)给出的序列的N-末端侧的两个半胱氨酸残基;和c)位于a)给出的序列的C-末端侧的两个半胱氨酸残基。
位于a)给出的序列的N-末端侧的半胱氨酸残基之一可以与a)给出的序列相隔例如0-5个氨基酸,例如0-3个氨基酸,优选0-2个氨基酸,甚至更优选1个氨基酸。位于a)给出的序列的N-末端一侧的另一个半胱氨酸残基可以与a)给出的序列相隔例如14-20个氨基酸,例如15-19个氨基酸,优选16-18个氨基酸,甚至更优选17个氨基酸。
位于a)给出的序列的C-末端侧的半胱氨酸残基之一可以与a)给出的序列相隔例如22-29个氨基酸,例如23-28个氨基酸,优选24-27个氨基酸,甚至更优选25-26个氨基酸。位于a)给出的序列的C-末端一侧的另一个半胱氨酸残基可以与a)给出的序列相隔例如27-49个氨基酸,例如29-46个氨基酸,优选30-43个氨基酸,甚至更优选32-42个氨基酸,且最优选35-40个氨基酸。
在一个优选实施方案中核心肽包括四个半胱氨酸残基,当完整表达的磷脂酶序列与SEQ ID NO:1,SEQ ID NO:3,SEQ ID NO:4,SEQ ID NO:5,SEQ ID NO:7,SEQ ID NO:8,SEQ ID NO:10,和SEQ ID NO:12给出的序列同时比对(aglin)时,四个半胱氨酸残基分别与SEQ ID NO:1氨基酸128,144,180,和194的半胱氨酸残基比对(aligning)。
按照本发明,将表达的多肽裂解以从附加肽上分离核心肽。裂解可以通过将其在合适的丝状真菌宿主内表达而在体内进行,或者在体外,例如通过用合适的蛋白酶如Kex2处理。
可以在FG序列的11个氨基酸里或Kex2位点序列的10个氨基酸里发现断裂点。Kex2位点是例如RR,KR,KK或RK。在一个实施方案中核心肽长度100-150氨基酸,例如110-140个氨基酸,115-133个氨基酸,118-129个氨基酸,或118-126个氨基酸。
在发明的一个实施方案中,当完整表达的磷脂酶序列与SEQ ID NO:1,SEQ ID NO:3,SEQ ID NO:4,SEQ ID NO:5,SEQ ID NO:7,SEQ ID NO:8,SEQ ID NO:10,和SEQ ID NO:12给出的序列同时比对时,将表达的磷脂酶在与SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸97-101比对的序列的N-末端侧0-18氨基酸中裂解,例如3-16氨基酸,优选5-14氨基酸。
在优选实施方案中,当完整表达的磷脂酶序列与SEQ ID NO:1,SEQ IDNO:3,SEQ ID NO:4,SEQ ID NO:5,SEQ ID NO:7,SEQ ID NO:8,SEQ IDNO:10,和SEQ ID NO:12给出的序列同时比对时,将表达的磷脂酶在与SEQID NO:1的氨基酸204-209比对的序列的C-末端侧0-11氨基酸内裂解,例如0-9氨基酸,优选0-7氨基酸。
在优选的实施方案中,加工后的磷脂酶具有特异的磷脂酶活性,其比表达肽加工前的活性高,例如,在一个实施方案中特异的磷脂酶活性至少是表达肽加工前的特异磷脂酶活性的2倍,更优选至少5倍,最优选至少10倍。在发明的一个实施方案中表达的肽在加工前没有测定到磷脂酶活性。
磷脂酶活性例如可以用在pH8.0和40℃水解大豆卵磷脂(L-α-磷脂酰胆碱)2分钟的LEU实验来测定。磷脂酶活性表示为相对于标准,保持恒定的pH必需的滴定消耗(0.1M NaOH)速度。
在丝状真菌宿主细胞中表达
丝状真菌宿主细胞可以是例如下列的细胞:支顶孢属(Acremonium),曲霉属,镰孢属(Fusarium),腐殖霉属(Humicola),Myceliophthora,链孢霉属(Neurospora),青霉属(Penicillium),Rhizomucor,Thermomyces,Thielavia,Tolypocladium,或木霉属(Trichoderma),特别是泡盛曲霉(A.awamori),臭曲霉(A.foetidus),日本曲霉(A.japonicus),构巢曲霉(A.nidulans),黑曲霉(A.niger),米曲霉,F.bactridioides,F.cerealis,F.crookwellense,大刀镰孢(F.culmorum),禾谷镰孢(F.graminearum),禾赤镰孢(F.graminum),异孢镰孢(F.heterosporum),F.negundi(合欢木镰孢),尖镰孢(F.oxysporum),多枝镰孢(F.reticulatum),玫瑰色镰孢(F.roseum),接骨木镰孢(F.sambucinum),肤色镰孢(F.sarcochroum),拟分枝孢镰孢(F.sporotrichioides),硫色镰孢(F.sulphureum),F.torulosum,F.trichothecioides,F.Venenatum,H.insolens,M.thermophila,粗糙链孢霉(N.crassa),产紫青霉(P.purpurogenum),R.miehei,Thermomyces lanuginosus,Thielavia terrestris,Trichoderma harzianum,Trichoderma koningii,Trichoderma longibrachiatum,Trichoderma reesei,绿色木霉(Trichoderma viride)。
在优选实施方案中宿主生物体是曲霉属,镰孢霉属,或木霉属的菌株,特别是黑曲霉,米曲霉,F.venenatum,接骨木曲霉或F.cerealis。
可以通过传统的方法进行转化,培养,表达,回收,例如通过EP 238023,EP 305216,WO9600787,EP 244234或T.Christensen et al.,BioTechnology,第6卷,1988年12月,1419-22描述的一般方法。
磷脂酶多肽和DNA
在一个实施方案中,本发明涉及有磷脂酶活性的多肽,并且其中多肽包括,优选由与SEQ ID NO:16(即成熟多肽)的氨基酸29-149有一定程度同一性的氨基酸序列组成,该同一性程度至少80%,例如至少85%,甚至更优选至少90%,最优选至少95%,例如至少96%,例如至少97%,甚至最优选至少98%,例如至少99%。
优选地,多肽包括SEQ ID NO:16的氨基酸序列;它们的等位基因变体;或具有磷脂酶活性的它们的片段。在另一个优选实施方案中,本发明的多肽包括SEQ ID NO:16的氨基酸29-149。在进一步优选的实施方案中,多肽由SEQ ID NO:16的氨基酸29-149组成。
本发明也涉及多核苷酸其包括,优选由与SEQ ID NO:15的核苷酸133-495至少80%同源的核苷酸序列组成。优选地,核苷酸序列与SEQ ID NO:15的核苷酸133-495具有至少85%同源性,例如至少90%同源性,甚至更优选至少95%同源性,例如至少96%同源性,例如至少97%同源性,甚至最优选至少98%同源性,例如至少99%同源性。优选地,核苷酸序列编码具有磷脂酶活性的多肽。
在本申请中使用以DNA序列为基础设计的探针,磷脂酶可以源自镰孢霉属的菌株,特别是F.venenatum。在一个实施方案中磷脂酶具有磷脂酶A的活性。
磷脂酶的生产可以通过用编码磷脂酶的DNA序列转化合适的宿主细胞,在允许酶产生的条件下培养转化的微生物,并从培养物中回收酶。
宿主微生物优选是真核细胞,特别是真菌细胞,例如酵母细胞或丝状真菌细胞,例如下列菌属的菌株:曲霉属,镰孢霉属,木霉属或酵母属,特别是黑曲霉,米曲霉,F.venenatum,接骨木曲霉,F.cerealis或酿酒酵母,例如黑曲霉的产生葡萄糖淀粉酶的菌株,例如US 3677902中描述的那些或它们的变体。在这样宿主生物体中磷脂酶的生产可以通过EP 238,023(NovoNordisk),WO 96/00787(Novo Nordisk)或EP 244,234(Alko)描述的一般方法进行。
发明的表达载体通常包括作为启动子功能的控制序列,翻译起始信号,和,可选择地包括筛选标记,转录终止子,阻遏基因或各种激活基因。载体可以是自主复制载体,或者它可以被整合到宿主基因组中。
序列比对和同源性
核苷酸序列的比对可以使用Vector NT1 Program Suite 7.0的AlignX应用软件进行,使用默认设置,其使用改良的ClustalW运算法则(Thompson,J.D.,Higgins,D.G.,and Gibson T.J.(1994)Nuc.Acid Res.22:4673-4680),swgapdnarnt得分(score)矩阵,空位开放罚分(gap opening penalty)15和空位延伸罚分(gap extension penalty)6.66。
氨基酸序列的比对可以使用Vector NT1 Program Suite v8的AlignX应用软件进行,使用默认设置,其使用改良的ClustalW运算法则(Thompson,J.D.,Higgins,D.G.,and Gibson T.J.1994),blosum62mt2得分矩阵,空位开放罚分15和空位延伸罚分0.1。
在发明的一个实施方案中,序列的比对和同源性得分的计算使用Lipman-Pearson方法进行(Lipman,D.J.and W.R.Pearson(1985)Rapid andsensitive protein similarity searches.Science 227:1435-1441),使用PAM250残基weight table(Dayhoff,M.O.,R.M.Schwartz,and B.C.Orcutt(1978)A modelof evolutionary change in proteins.In Dayhoff,M.O.(ed.),Atlas of ProteinSequence and Structure.National Biomedical Research Foundation.Washington,D.C.Vol 5.Suppl.3:pp.345-358)并用Lasergene软件包中MegAlign程序v4.03的默认设置(DNASTAR Inc.,1228 South Park Street,Madison,Wisconsin53715)。默认设置是K-tuple为2,空位罚分(gap penalty)为4,和空位长度罚分(gap length penulty)为12。
磷脂水解
可以将发明用于任何磷脂例如卵磷脂,脑磷脂或inositide的水解。
通过替换磷脂酶,可以将发明用作类似于以前的现有技术的方法和加工领域中,例如用于烘烤产品(WO 0032758,WO9953769)和蛋黄酱(GB1525929,US4034124)的生产,或植物油的处理(US 5264367)。
磷脂酶的应用
可以将发明的磷脂酶用于磷脂酶的各种工业应用,例如下面所描述的。
用于烘烤
可以将发明的磷脂酶用于面团,面包和蛋糕的制备,例如改善面包或蛋糕的弹性。因此,可以将磷脂酶用在制作面包的过程中,包括向面团成分中添加磷脂酶,捏制面团和将面团烘烤以制成面包。这可以按类似于US4567056或WO 99/53769进行。
用于去污剂中
可以将变体用作去污剂的添加物,例如以每克去污剂中0.001-10(例如0.01-1)mg的浓度(表示为纯的酶蛋白),或每升洗涤液中0.001-100(例如0.01-10)mg的浓度。
可以将发明的去污剂组合物配制成例如手洗或机洗去污剂组合物,其包括适于染色织物预处理的洗衣添加剂组合物和加有织物软化剂(softener)组合物的漂洗剂,或配制成用于普通家用硬表面清洗操作的去污剂组合物。在洗衣去污剂中,变体对去除脂肪渍,保持白色和污渍清除是有效的。洗衣去污剂组合物可以按照GB2247025,WO 9901531或WO 9903962描述的配制。
发明的去污剂组合物可以特别配制成适于手洗或机洗的餐具洗涤操作,例如按照GB2,247,025(Unilever)或WO 99/01531(Procter & Gamble)描述的。在餐具洗涤(dishwashing)组合物中,变体对下列可能是有效的:去除油污/油渍,防止餐具和洗碗机的塑料成分被高度着色成分染色或脱色,和避免钙皂在餐具上的沉积。
其他应用
可以将发明的磷脂酶用于改善水溶液或糖浆的过滤性,其通过将水溶液或糖浆用磷脂酶处理。这特别适用于含有淀粉水解物的浆液,尤其是小麦淀粉水解物,因为它往往是难以过滤并使滤过物混浊。处理可以按类似于EP 219,269(CPC国际的)进行。
进一步,可以将发明的磷脂酶用于磷脂,优选卵磷脂的部分水解,以获得改善的磷脂乳化剂。这一应用在Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of IndustrialChemistry(Publisher:VCH Weinheim(1996)),日本专利2794574,和JP-B6-087751中有进一步描述。
进一步,可以将发明的磷脂酶用于动物饲料生产的加工,其包括将磷脂酶与饲料原料和至少一种磷脂混合。这可以按类似于EP 743017进行。
甚至进一步可以将发明的磷脂酶用于减少食用油中磷脂成分的加工,包括用磷脂酶处理油以水解大部分磷脂,并从油中分离含有水解的磷脂的水相。该过程适用于任何含有磷脂的食用油的纯化,例如植物油如大豆油,油菜籽油和向日葵油。可以将磷脂酶用于例如JP-A 2-153997和US 5264367描述的加工过程。
生产干酪的方法
可以将发明的磷脂酶按类似于US 6399121给出的方法用于生产干酪。
在发明的一个优选实施方案中,干酪的生产通过将干酪用乳或干酪用乳的成分与发明的磷脂酶接触并从干酪用乳生产干酪。
在进一步的优选实施方案中,干酪的生产通过将干酪用乳或干酪用乳的成分与磷脂酶接触,其中磷脂酶包括:
a)下列给出的氨基酸序列:SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸146-153,SEQ IDNO:3的氨基酸87-94,或SEQ ID NO:12的氨基酸79-86;或其除了用另一个氨基酸取代单个氨基酸外与这些氨基酸序列任何一个相同的序列,;和
b)位于a)给出的序列的N-末端侧的至少两个半胱氨酸残基;和
c)位于a)给出的序列的C-末端侧的至少两个半胱氨酸残基。
在发明全文中短语干酪用乳意思是包括用于干酪生产的任何以乳为基础的组合物。干酪用乳的成分可以是干酪用乳的任何部分,例如奶油,脱脂乳,牛奶,酪乳,黄油或乳脂肪。
在优选实施方案中将干酪用乳或干酪用乳的成分与足量的发明的磷脂酶接触,该量足以减少干酪中去油效应和/或增加干酪产量。去油效应(oiling-off)是干酪在贮存和/或融化时形成游离油的倾向。
发明的一个方面涉及生产干酪的加工过程,其包括用发明的磷脂酶处理乳制品组合物并从乳制品组合物生产干酪。
发明的另一个方面涉及生产干酪的加工过程其包括用磷脂酶处理乳制品组合物并从乳制品组合物生产干酪,其中磷脂酶选自真菌/细菌组X IIIPLA2磷脂酶。在发明的优选实施方案中真菌/细菌组X III PLA2来自真菌,更优选来自属于(Ascomycetes)的真菌。属于真菌/细菌组X III PLA2的磷脂酶可以是任何属于Soragni et al.,The EMBO Journal,20(2001),5079-5090所定义的该组的磷脂酶,并且可以是例如从以下菌属:Tuber属,例如T.borchii,链霉菌属,例如S.coelicor,轮枝孢属(Verticillium),例如大丽花轮枝孢(v.danhliae),曲霉属,例如米曲霉,链孢霉属,例如粗糙链孢霉,或Helicosporum。
按照发明的乳制品组合物可以是任何包含乳成分的组合物。乳成分可以是乳的任何组分,例如乳脂肪,乳蛋白,酪蛋白,乳清蛋白质,和乳糖。乳级分(fraction)可以是乳的任何级分例如脱脂乳,黄油乳,乳清,奶油,奶粉,全脂奶粉,脱脂奶粉。在发明的优选实施方案中乳制品组合物包括乳,脱脂乳,黄油乳,全乳乳清,奶油,或它们的任何组合。在更优选的实施方案中乳制品组合物由乳,例如脱脂乳,全乳,奶油,黄油,或它们的任何组合组成。
发明的加工过程中酶处理的进行可以通过将磷脂酶分散在乳制品组合物中,并允许酶反应发生在合适的温度并保持合适的时间。用磷脂酶处理可以在按照本领域熟知原则选择的适合所选用酶的条件下完成。
可以在任何合适的pH进行酶反应,例如在2-10的范围,例如在pH4-9或5-7。在一个实施方案中磷脂酶处理在3-60℃进行,例如在25-45℃(例如至少5分钟,例如至少10分钟或至少30分钟,例如5-120分钟)。将磷脂酶以合适的量加入以生产具有目的特性的干酪。优选地,将磷脂酶以有效减少干酪去油效应和/或增加干酪产量的量加入。磷脂酶的合适剂量通常在每克乳脂肪中0.001-0.5mg酶蛋白的范围,优选每克乳脂肪中0.01-0.3mg酶蛋白,更优选地,每克乳脂肪中0.02-0.1mg酶蛋白。
按本发明方法生产的干酪包括所有种类的干酪,例如Campesino,Chester,Danbo,Drabant,Herregard,Manchego,Provolone,Saint Paulin软干酪(Soft cheese),Svecia,Taleggio,白干酪(white cheese),包括通过干酪凝块的凝乳酶凝固(rennet-coagulation)生产的凝乳酶凝干酪;成熟干酪例如Cheddar,Colby,Edam,Muenster,Gruyere,Emmenthal,Camembert,Parmesan和Romano;青纹奶酪(blue cheese),例如丹麦青纹奶酪(Danish blue cheese);新鲜干酪例如Feta;酸凝干酪例如奶油干酪,Neufchatel,Quarg,CottageCheese,和Queso Blanco。在优选实施方案中发明涉及生产pasta filara干酪例如Mozzarella和Pizza干酪的方法。通过在热水中新鲜凝块的独特的塑型和捏制处理,Pasta filata或stretched凝乳,干酪通常是不一般的,该处理赋予成品干酪特有的纤维结构和融化和延伸特性,参考例如Paul S.Kindstedt的“Mozzarella and Pizza cheese”,Cheese:Chemistry,physics andmicrobiology,第2卷:Major Cheese groups,第2版,337-341页,Chapman& Hall。
序列表和微生物保藏
本申请包含序列表中的信息,其附属于本申请并且也随本申请以数据载体提交。此外,本申请提及保藏的微生物。数据载体的内容和保藏的微生物在此全部引入以作参考。
生物材料的保藏
下列生物材料已经按照Budapest条约保藏在Deutsche Sammlung vonMikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH,Mascheroder Weg 1b,D-38124Braunschweig,德国,并给出下列保藏号:
保藏物 保藏号 保藏日
大肠杆菌 DSM 15441 2003年2月12日
大肠杆菌 DSM 15442 2003年2月12日
材料与方法
培养基
YP+2%G培养基
10g酵母提取物
20g蛋白胨
加水至1升
于121℃高压灭菌20分钟
加入100ml 20%无菌葡萄糖溶液
RA孢子形成培养基
50g琥珀酸
12.1g硝酸钠
1g葡萄糖
20ml 50×Vogel’s盐(Davis,R.H.and F.J.de Serres(1970),Meth.Enzymol.17A:79-143)
将成分在1升蒸馏水中混匀并过滤除菌
Britton Robinson缓冲液
0.023M磷酸
0.023M乙酸
0.023M硼酸
用NaOH或HCl滴定到目的pH
方法
磷脂酶活性(LEU)
将卵磷脂在恒定pH和温度下水解,磷脂酶活性测定为中和游离脂肪酸过程中滴定(0.1N NaOH)消耗的速度。
底物是大豆卵磷脂(L-α-磷脂酰胆碱),条件是pH8.00,40.0℃,反应时间2分钟。单位是相对于标准来定义的。
实施例
实施例1:米曲霉中源于Tuber albidum的磷脂酶A2表达
将Soragni等(出处同上)公开的DNA序列用于设计从基因组DNA进行TbSP1 PCR扩增的引物,向引物末端加入适当的限制性位点以利于PCR产物(SEQ ID NO:13和14)的克隆。从CBS(Centraalbureau voor Schimmel-cultures,Utecht,荷兰)获得Tuber albidum株,CBS 272.72,并按CBS培养物表1996上建议的于20℃培养在X-琼脂上。从板的表面去除菌丝体,并按照生产商的说明使用FastDNA Spin Kit(BIO101,Inc.,Vista,CA)分离总DNA。用Extensor Hi-Fidelity PCR Master Mix(ABgene,Surrey,U.K.)按照生产商的说明进行PCR扩增,并在最初5个循环使用52℃的退火温度,后面25个循环使用62℃退火。获得了单一PCR产物,并且将序列进行测定并表示为SEQ ID 9,其排除了添加的合成的限制性位点。基因组序列与E.Soragni等提交的cDNA序列对比显示有单个内含子。当将内含子去除,从T.albidumCBS272.72来的核苷酸序列与E.Soragni等使用的菌株T.borchii ATCC96540的序列92.5%同一性。从T.albidum CBS272.72基因序列预测的相应的肽与Soragni等报道的肽序列93.8%同一性。
使用标准技术将PCR片段用BamH I和Xho I限制性酶切并克隆到曲霉属表达载体pMStr57中。表达载体pMStr57含有与pCaHj483(WO98/00529)相同的元件,具有对曲霉属NA2启动子的最少修饰,并有用于在大肠杆菌中筛选和繁殖的序列,和用于在曲霉属中筛选和表达的序列。具体地,通过构巢曲霉的amdS基因使在曲霉属中筛选变得容易,其允许使用乙酰胺作为唯一的氮源。在曲霉属菌种中的表达由来自黑曲霉的修饰的中性淀粉酶II(NA2)启动子介导,该启动子被融合到来自构巢曲霉的丙糖磷酸异构酶(tpi)编码基因的5’前导序列,并且终止子来自黑曲霉的淀粉葡萄糖苷酶的编码基因。将所得到曲霉属菌种表达构建体pMStr57的磷脂酶A2编码基因测序,并将序列与以前测定的未克隆的PCR片段SEQ ID 9对比。发现在终止密码的下游52bp处一个T突变成C。
使用Christensen,T.et al.,(1988),Biotechnology 6,1419-1422描述的标准技术,用pMStr57转化米曲霉。将转化体在YP+2%G培养基中于30℃,振荡275RPM培养,并用SDS-PAGE监测Tuber磷脂酶A2,TbPLA2的表达。
蛋白鉴定
SDS-PAGE显示大约分子量为25和16kDa的两条带。将上清在SP-琼脂糖柱上用离子交换层析纯化,柱用50mM乙酸盐缓冲液平衡,用1M NaClpH5.0洗脱。两种蛋白质洗脱在两个不同的组分中。用Roche的Protein AssayESL测定蛋白质的浓度。用LEU实验测定活性。
分子量kDa | 浓度mg/ml | 活性LEU/ml | 比活性LEU/mg | |
Pool 1 | 23-25 | 1.32 | 61 | 46 |
Pool 2 | 16 | 0.42 | 272 | 648 |
将蛋白质进行N-末端测序。发现Pool 1(23-25kDa带)的N-末端序列相应于SEQ ID NO:10的氨基酸32-50。Pool 2(16kDa带)的印迹显示具有N-末端序列分别相应于氨基酸86-98和91-103的两条带。两条带的质谱分析显示质量分别为13934和14348Da,分别与SEQ ID NO:10的氨基酸86-210和91-210序列的计算值相差5Da以内。
实施例2:在米曲霉中表达的两种形式的T.albidium PLA2的纯化方法
在实施例1描述的产生T.albidum PLA2的米曲霉转化体的大多数发酵物纯化过程中检测到两种类型的酶。一种类型在SDS-PAGE中电泳在22-23kDa并相应于Soragni等(出处同上)报道的肽。此外,检测到一种新类型,其电泳在SDS-PAGE的16-17kDa并具有高度比活性和高等电点。
22-23kDa肽的纯化
将来自在米曲霉中表达的含有源于T.albidium的磷脂酶的(实施例1中制备的)发酵上清过滤除菌,其使用购自Seitz Schenk Bad Kreuznach,Bettringerstrasse 42,Germany D-73550,Waldstetten的EKS滤器。
然后调节无菌过滤的上清至pH8和离子强度在4mSi以下。
阴离子交换层析
纯化的第一步使用购自Amersham Pharmacia的50ml Fast flow QTM琼脂糖柱上阴离子交换层析进行。将柱用50mM Tris乙酸盐缓冲液pH8预平衡。然后将无菌过滤的发酵液加在柱上,并将柱用同样缓冲液洗涤直至所有未结合物质被洗掉。
将结合的蛋白质用含有1M氯化钠pH8的相同缓冲液以5ml/min的流速洗脱,并且最终体积达500ml总缓冲液。以每5ml一个级分用级分收集器收集,所有级分含有的磷脂酶活性使用购自Sigma产品号P-5638的L-α-磷脂酰胆碱以卵磷脂作为底物定性测定,并且测定活性使用购自德国Wako Chemicals GmbH,Nissan Strasse 2,41468 Neuss的NEFA C试剂盒。详细的测定描述如下。
用不同缓冲液制备含有10mg/ml卵磷脂底物的底物溶液,例如用含有购自Fluka chemicals的2mM CaCl2和0.1%Triton X-100的50mM乙酸盐pH5或50mM Hepes pH7或50mM Tris乙酸盐pH9作为缓冲液。通过搅拌并加温成50℃使底物乳化,然后冷却至40℃并用作底物。
活性的测定如下进行:用300μl底物乳化剂与25μl酶级分在40℃保温20分钟,然后将30μl测定混合物转移至按生产商描述制备的300μlNEFA C显色试剂A,并于37℃保温10分钟,向混合物加入600μl显色试剂NEFA CB溶液并再保温10分钟。然后将所形成的蓝色在分光光度计上于505nm测定。
蛋白鉴定
然后将含有活性的级分混合,并用SDS-PAGE电泳分析分子量特征,电泳使用购自美国Invitrogen Life Technologies,Carlsbad CA 92008的NovexPre casted gels 4-20%Tris-甘氨酸凝胶。
检测和印迹了22-23kDa的蛋白质并用Applied Biosystem测序仪进行N-末端分析。
测定了N-末端的前19个氨基酸残基并发现具有SEQ ID NO:10的氨基酸32-50序列。
16-17kDa肽的纯化
将来自表达在米曲霉中T.albidium的过滤除菌发酵上清调节至pH4.7并将离子强度调节至4mSi以下。
阳离子交换层析
SP-sepharoseTM fast flow购自Amersham Pharmacia。填装50ml的柱并用50mM乙酸盐缓冲液pH4.7平衡,然后将发酵上清加在柱上,并将未结合物质用同样缓冲液洗去。
将具有高等电点的结合蛋白质用含有1M氯化钠的pH4.7的50mM乙酸盐缓冲液进行线性盐梯度洗脱。级分和流速与用于低等电点类型磷脂酶的相同。在级分中的磷脂酶活性按照上面用NEFA试剂盒定性测定。将含有磷脂酶活性的级分混合并按照上面描述的进行SDS-PAGE。
观察16-17kDa蛋白质其具有高等电点,在9以上。
蛋白质印迹后使用Applied Biosystem测序仪进行蛋白质的N-末端分析,其显示出完全不同于Soragni等(出处同上)发表的N-末端。因此,发现T.albidum PLA2具有两种类型,其源自不同的N-末端加工,具有分别相应于SEQ ID NO:10氨基酸86-105和91-110的N-末端序列。
实施例3:用T.albidum磷脂酶的干酪制作
使用巴氏杀菌的,非均质奶油(北卡罗来纳州大学乳品厂(North CarolinaState University Dairy Plant)将五百克巴氏杀菌的,非均质脱脂乳(北卡罗来纳州大学乳品厂)标准化为3.5%脂肪因此生产全脂mozzarella干酪。将每个实验用的干酪用乳或者用按照实施例2制备的16-17kDa T.albidum磷脂酶,或者用商业磷脂酶Lecitase10L(Novozymes A/S,Bagsvaerd,丹麦)处理,并放置在35℃水浴中直至平衡至该温度。测量干酪用乳的起始pH并加入0.01%(w/w)引子培养物。
监测pH直至pH达到6.4。将250μl凝乳酶(rennet)(Novozym 89L)用去离子水稀释至9ml总溶液,将1ml该溶液加入干酪用乳中并用力搅拌干酪用乳3分钟。取出搅拌子并允许凝乳酶凝的乳品放置于35℃。
上面的处理之后,当将抹刀(spatula)插入可以看见明显的边界时则凝乳准备好进行切割。干酪的切割通过把刀压下并且当触到烧杯时快速反转刀具(cutter)并最后将刀拔出进行。允许凝乳放置5分钟然后用匙轻轻搅动。温度升至41℃伴随间断的轻轻搅动~45分钟或直至pH降至6.0-5.9。将凝乳用干酪用粗棉布沥干然后放回烧杯中并保持在41℃水浴中,根据需要倒出乳清。
当凝乳达到pH5.3时,将盛有凝乳的不锈钢碗在69℃水浴中浸泡(flood)5分钟然后用手拉伸。将凝乳在冷的冰水中处理(temper)30分钟。将干酪凝乳用纸巾干燥,称重并冷藏过夜。
除了不加磷脂酶,对照干酪制作实验用同一批号乳品按照同样程序进行。
实际干酪产量计算为相对于干酪用乳总重量拉伸(stretch)后干酪的重量。
调节过湿度的干酪产量表示为调节至标准恒定湿度水平的实际产量。调节过湿度的产量通过实际产量乘以实际湿度对标准湿度比来计算,并按照下面公式:
Yadj=(Yact×1-Mact)/(1-Mstd)
其中Yadj=调节过湿度的干酪产量,Yact=实际干酪产量,Mact=实际湿度分数&Mstd=标准湿度分数(0.48)
所有实验组和对照组的调节过湿度的干酪产量如表1所示。
表1
处理 | 磷脂酶mg酶蛋白/g脂肪 | 调节过湿度的干酪产量 | 比对照增加的产量 |
对照T.albidum PLA2对照T.albidum PLA2 | 00.05500.055 | 10.7211.0411.2511.57 | 2.9%2.8% |
对照Lecitase10L对照Lecitase10L | 00.1800.18 | 9.229.489.629.90 | 2.7%2.8% |
实施例4:源于Fusarium venenatum的磷脂酶(FvPLA2)在米曲霉中克隆和表达
将Fusarium venenatum A 3/5的细胞(最初保藏为禾谷镰孢ATCC 20334,最近被重新分类为Fusarium venenatum:被Yoder和Christianson,1998,Fungal Genetics and Biology 23:62-80;和O’Donnell等,1998,FungalGenetics and Biology 23:57-67.)在Vogel’s最低限度培养基(Davis,R.H.and F.J.de Serres(1970),Meth.Enzymol.17A:79-143)中于28℃震荡培养生长两天,用无菌Miracloth(Calbiochem,圣地亚哥,加利福尼亚,美国)过滤,并转移至“RA孢子形成培养基”中,将其于28℃再摇动培养保温24小时。离心收集细胞和孢子并裂解,提取RNA并转录成cDNA,将该cDNA按WO 00/56762描述的方法克隆到pZErO-2中。扩增前此文库中独立克隆的数目是2.5×105,其中92%含有插入序列,其大小从550-2500bp不等。对大约1000个随机选择克隆进行局部DNA测序测定,并将序列按照WO00/56762描述的方法存储在计算机中。
E.Soragni等2001年报道了编码一种Tuber borchii的磷脂酶A2-TbSP1的cDNA核苷酸序列,和相应翻译的肽。用TFASTXY程序,3.3t08版(Pearsonet al.,1997)将该翻译的肽与Fusarium venenatum部分cDNA序列的翻译产物对比。F.venenatum序列的一个翻译产物与TbSP1具有125个氨基酸重叠的42%同源性。测定相应克隆FM0700的cDNA插入子全序列,并用SEQ ID NO:15显示,从此序列翻译的肽,FvPLA2用SEQ ID NO:16显示。将此序列用作设计从FM0700 PCR扩增编码FvPLA2的基因的引物FvPLA1和FvPLA2.2,其有加于引物末端的合适的限制性位点以利于PCR产物的亚克隆。
FvPLA1:CTGGGATCCTCAAGATGAAGTTCAGCG
FvPLA2.2:GACCTCGAGACCCGCCATTTAAGATT
使用Extensor Hi-Fidelity PCR Master Mix(AB-gene,Surrey,U.K.)按照生产商的说明进行PCR扩增,并使用52℃的退火温度和60℃的延伸温度进行20个循环。
使用标准技术将PCR片段用BamH I和Xho I限制性酶切并克隆到曲霉属表达载体pMStr57中。表达载体pMStr57含有与pCaHj483(WO98/00529)相同的元件,并如WO 01/12794中对载体pMT2188所描述的具有对曲霉属NA2启动子的最少修饰,并有在大肠杆菌中筛选和繁殖的序列,和在曲霉属中筛选和表达的序列。具体地,通过构巢曲霉的amdS基因使在曲霉属中筛选变得容易,其允许使用乙酰胺作为唯一的氮源。在曲霉属(Aspergillus)中的表达由来自黑曲霉的修饰的中性淀粉酶II(NA2)启动子介导,该启动子被融合到来自构巢曲霉的丙糖磷酸异构酶(tpi)编码基因的5’前导序列,并且终止子来自黑曲霉的淀粉葡萄糖苷酶的编码基因。将所得到曲霉属表达构建体pMStr77的磷脂酶编码基因测序,序列与以前测定的FM0700的插入子完全一致。
使用标准技术(Christensen,T.et al.,1988)用pMStr57转化米曲霉菌株BECh2(WO 00/39322)。将转化体在YP+2%G培养基中于30℃,275RPM摇动培养,并用SDS-PAGE监测FvPLA2的表达。
发明者将含有从F.venenatum来的磷脂酶编码基因的大肠杆菌(Eschericia coli)菌株按照Budapest条约的条款保藏,Deutsce Sammlung vonMikroorganismen und Zellkulturen(DSMZ),Mascheroder Weg 1b,D-38124Braunschweig,德国,贮存日期为2003年2月12日,登录号为DSM15442。
实施例5:FvPLA2的纯化和序列比对
将从实施例4发酵物的FvPLA2在SP-琼脂糖柱上用离子交换层析纯化,其中柱用50mM乙酸盐缓冲液pH4.7平衡并用1M NaCl pH4.7洗脱。级分用SDS-PAGE分析,将含有14kDa蛋白质的级分混合。纯的蛋白质的同一性通过测定N-末端序列来确认,其与SEQ ID NO:16的氨基酸(aa)29-40序列相同。此外,由于从SDS-PAGE估计的表观大小,14kDa,小于通过加工SEQ ID NO:16中理论肽而预测的肽的大小,所以用质谱分析判断肽的质量。发现纯化的,激活的FvPLA2质量为13336kDa。此分子质量意味着在C-末端的另外的加工,并与SEQ ID NO:16中氨基酸149和150间的断裂一致,因为从氨基酸29到149的肽序列具有理论质量13335,66Da。
加工成熟的肽(SEQ ID NO:16的氨基酸29-149)与已知序列的比对显示最接近的本领域的以前序列是从Unisequence ID:VD0100C34翻译的大丽花轮支孢的磷脂酶,其中Unisequence ID:VD0100C34属于COGEME植物致病真菌和Oomycete EST数据库版本1.2(
http://cogeme.ex.ac.uk/)(Soanes et al.(2002)Genomics of phytopathogenic fungi and the development ofbioinformatic resources.Mol Plant Microbe Interact.15(5):421-7)。通过与发现的FvPLA2加工对比估计从大丽花轮支孢序列预测的部分肽的加工。计算SEQ ID NO:16的氨基酸29-149与大丽花轮支孢磷脂酶成熟肽的估计序列的同源性为77%。
实施例6:FvPLA2的物理特性
催化活性
对实施例4的FvPLA2用LEU实验来测定作为酶浓度函数的磷脂酶活性。结果如表1所示。
表1
酶浓度(μg/ml) | LEU(μeq NaOH/min) |
71.1 | 14.0 |
53.3 | 12.7 |
21.3 | 10.6 |
10.7 | 7.4 |
5.3 | 5.6 |
2.7 | 4.1 |
温度模式
测定浓度5.3μg/ml酶溶液的作为温度函数的酶活性。其他条件同LEU实验。结果如表2所示。
表2
温度(℃) | LEU(μeq NaOH/min) |
25 | 3.10 |
35 | 4.87 |
40 | 5.41 |
45 | 6.97 |
50 | 7.86 |
55 | 9.03 |
60 | 8.27 |
65 | 6.90 |
pH稳定性
将酶在30℃,特定pH用Britton Robinson缓冲液稀释30分钟。进一步用水稀释后用LEU实验测定催化活性。结果如表3所示。
表3
pH | LEU(μeq NaOH/min) |
2 | 3.78 |
3 | 5.11 |
4 | 5.60 |
5 | 5.49 |
6 | 5.37 |
7 | 5.61 |
8 | 5.52 |
9 | 5.64 |
10 | 5.50 |
11 | 5.21 |
热稳定性
将酶在pH3和10时分别用Britton Robinson缓冲液稀释,在pH7时用30%山梨醇稀释。在特定温度保温30分钟后,将溶液冷却至反应温度并用LEU实验测定。结果如表4所示;活性表示为相对于最高测定的活性。
表4.作为pH和温度函数的相对活性(%)
温度(℃) | pH3 | pH10 | pH7/30%山梨醇 |
30 | 100% | 100% | 87% |
40 | 95% | 92% | 100% |
50 | 16% | 14% | 68% |
60 | 1% | 0% | 2% |
实施例7:用FvPLA2制作干酪
用巴氏杀菌的,非均质奶油(北卡罗来纳州大学乳品厂)将五百克巴氏杀菌的,非均质脱脂乳(北卡罗来纳州大学乳品厂)标准化为3.5%脂肪因此生产全脂mozzarella干酪。
将每个实验用的干酪用乳或者用按照实施例5制备的F.venenatum磷脂酶(FvPLA2),或者用商业磷脂酶Lecitase10L(Novozymes A/S,Bagsvaerd,丹麦)处理,并放置在35℃水浴中直至平衡至该温度。测量干酪用乳的起始pH并加入0.01%(w/w)引子培养物。
监测pH直至pH达到6.4。将250μl凝乳酶(Novozym 89L)用去离子水稀释至9ml总溶液,将1ml该溶液加入干酪用乳中并用力搅拌干酪用乳3分钟。取出搅拌子并允许凝乳酶凝的乳品放置于35℃。
上面的处理之后,当将抹刀插入可以看见明显的边界时则凝乳准备好被切割。干酪的切割通过把刀压下并且当触到杯(beaker)时快速转刀具并最后将刀拔出进行。允许凝乳放置5分钟然后用匙轻轻搅动。温度升至41℃伴随间断的轻轻搅动~45分钟或直至pH降至60.-5.9。将凝乳用干酪用粗棉布沥干然后放回杯中并保持在41℃水浴中,根据需要倒出乳清。
当凝乳达到pH5.3时,将盛有凝乳的不锈钢碗在69℃水浴中浸泡5分钟然后用手拉伸(hand stretched)。将凝乳在冷的冰水中回火30分钟。将干酪凝乳用纸巾干燥,称重并冷藏过夜。
除了不加磷脂酶,对照干酪制作实验用同一批号乳品按照同样程序进行。
实际干酪产量计算为拉伸后干酪的重量相对于干酪用乳总重量。
湿度调节过的干酪产量表示为调节至标准恒定湿度水平的实际产量。调节过湿度的产量通过实际产量乘以实际湿度对标准湿度比来计算,并按照下面公式:
Yadj=Yact×(1-Mact)/(1-Mstd)
其中Yadj=调节过湿度的干酪产量,Yact=实际干酪产量,Mact=实际湿度分数&Mstd=标准湿度分数(0.48)
所有实验和对照的调节过湿度的干酪产量如表5所示。
表1
处理 | 磷脂酶mg酶蛋白/g脂肪 | 湿度调节过的干酪产量 | 比对照增加的产量 |
对照FvPLA2对照FvPLA2 | 00.07100.071 | 11.7011.9511.5011.83 | 2.1%2.8% |
对照Lecitase10L对照Lecitase10L | 00.1800.18 | 9.229.489.629.90 | 2.7%2.8% |
实施例8:用FvPLA2制作干酪
将乳于72℃巴氏杀菌15秒,然后冷却至10℃以下。将乳用奶油标准化至2.4%脂肪。标准化后将乳在热交换仪中于34.5℃的成熟前温度预加热。每个干酪缸中倒入150克乳并加入15克培养物(F-DVS ST-M6)。将实施例5的磷脂酶以5LEU/g脂肪的剂量加入,并且将乳于34.5℃保温1小时。加入凝乳酶(Chy-Max Plus,200 IMCU)并继续搅动不超过4分钟。
大约60分钟后,当断定凝固物好了时将其用10mm刀切割。将搅拌子放回缸内并在10分钟后通过在30分钟内升温至41℃起动热烫(scalding)。当达到41℃后继续搅拌大约20分钟直至达到0.15-0.16%的可滴定酸度。允许凝块放置在缸中,沥干乳清。将凝块切成均匀一致的块,并将块反转(turn)并堆成2个一组。随后,每间隔10分钟,将凝块反转并堆成2个一组。在pH大约5.15-5.20时,将凝块在碾磨机(milling machine)上打磨。凝块中加入2%盐(重量/重量)。
打磨后将所有凝块加入含有70L预热至74℃水的stretcher中。将大约20L热水转移到上面格子(chamber)中并加入干酪。当凝块温度达到62℃时,终止拉伸并将凝块移至挤压机。将干酪挤压成8-9个干酪块,每个2.3kg,并在5-7℃水中冷却20分钟。将冷却的干酪移至饱和盐水中并在5-6℃腌渍1.5小时。盐水的制作通过混合120公斤水,加入盐至22Be,750克CaCl2(34%溶液)并调节至pH5.1。腌渍后将每块干酪干燥大约30分钟,并于真空包装前称重。在冷藏室贮存大约1周后,进行样品的pH和成分分析(湿度,盐,脂肪和蛋白质)。
将实际产量(AY)调节成干酪中湿度为48%。
表6
调节的产量(公斤)对照组 | 调节的产量(公斤)实验组 | 产量增加平均值(公斤) | 增加的产量(%) | |
1天 | 10.62 | 10.81 | ||
10.70 | 10.90 | 0.195 | 1.8 | |
2天 | 9.90 | 10.16 | ||
9.95 | 10.14 | 0.225 | 2.3 | |
3天 | 10.00 | 10.15 | ||
10.01 | 10.16 | 0.15 | 1.5 |
实施例9:在米曲霉中米曲霉PLA2(AoPLA2)的过表达
培养基
DAP2C-1
11g MgSO4·7H2O
1g KH2PO4
2g柠檬酸,一水化物
30g麦芽糊精
6g K3PO4·3H2O
0.5g酵母提取物
0.5ml痕量金属溶液
1ml Pluronic PE6100(BASF,Ludwigshafen,德国)
将各成分混合于1升蒸馏水中并分装在烧瓶中,每150ml部分加入250mgCaCO3。
将培养基高压灭菌。冷却后向1升培养基中加入下列物质:
23ml 50%w/v(NH4)2HPO4,过滤除菌
33ml 20%乳酸,过滤除菌
痕量金属溶液
6.8g ZnCl2
2.5g CuSO4 5H2O
0.24g NiCl2 6H2O
13.9g FeSO4 7H2O
8.45g MnSO4 H2O
3g柠檬酸,一水化物
将各成分混合在1升蒸馏水中。
编码米曲霉磷脂酶A2的cDNA的克隆和局部测序描述于WO00/56762。克隆,AS3812的全长序列,列于SEQ ID NO:6。
将此序列用于设计引物AoPLA1,其在从AS3812进行PLA2编码基因的PCR扩增中与载体引物pYESrev一起使用,其有加于引物末端的合适的限制性位点以利于PCR产物的亚克隆。
AoPLA1:TGAGGATCCATCATGAAGAACATCTTCG
FvPLA2.2:gggcgtgaatgtaagcgtgac
使用Extensor Hi-Fidelity PCR Master Mix(AB-gene,Surrey,U.K.)按照生产商的说明进行PCR扩增,并在前5个循环中使用52℃的退火温度,后25个循环使用62℃的退火温度,延伸时间1.5分钟。
使用标准技术将PCR片段用BamH I和Xho I限制性酶切并克隆到曲霉属表达载体pMStr57中(实施例1中描述的)。将所得到曲霉属表达构建体pMStr71的磷脂酶编码基因测序,序列与以前测定的AS3812的插入子完全一致。
使用标准技术(T.Christensen,et al.,1988)用pMStr71转化米曲霉菌株BECh2(WO 00/39322)。将转化体在DAP2C-1培养基中于37℃,270RPM摇动培养,并且用SDS-PAGE监测磷脂酶的表达。
实施例10:加工肽的纯化和测定
将来自实施例9发酵物的米曲霉磷脂酶用购自Pall公司(PallSeitzSchenk Filter systems GmbH Pianiger Str.137 D-55543 Bad Kreuznach,Germany)的0.22μm除菌滤器Seitz-EKS过滤除菌。然后用稀乙酸调节无菌过滤的溶液至pH4.7。然后调节发酵物上清的离子强度以使盐浓度降低并且离子强度在4mSi以下。使用购自Amersham Pharmacia SP-sepharoseTM fastflow,通过阳离子交换层析获得目的PLA2蛋白的纯化。用50mM乙酸盐缓冲液pH4.7(缓冲液A)将阳离子交换基质在购自Amersham Pharmacia的XK26柱上填装、洗涤和预平衡。然后将调节了pH和离子强度的含有目的PLA2的发酵物上清加在柱上。将未结合物质用缓冲液A洗去,直至所有吸收UV物质被洗去,其用附加于级分收集器装置的紫外光检测仪监测。然后将结合的蛋白质用缓冲液B线性盐梯度洗脱,其中缓冲液B为在pH4.7的50mM乙酸盐缓冲液含有1M氯化钠的盐。线性梯度达到1M盐浓度的总体积大约是500ml(10倍柱体积)。在洗脱中每10ml收集为一个级分。用购自Sigma chemicals的卵磷脂作底物测定所有级分的磷脂酶活性。与磷脂酶保温时从卵磷脂释放的脂肪酸用购自Waco chemicals的NEFA C试剂盒检测。用标准SDS-PAGE技术检查含有磷脂酶活性级分的蛋白质纯度。将含有显示出分子量大约16kDa单一条带的目的PLA2的级分混合,其中分子量的测定通过与购自Amersham-Pharmacia的分子量标准对比。
纯的蛋白质的同一性通过测定N-末端序列来确认,其中与SEQ ID NO:7的氨基酸(aa)37-45序列相同。此外,用质谱分析判断肽的质量。纯的活化的曲霉属PLA2有两种质量,14114和14242Da。这些分子质量意味着在C-末端的另外的加工,并与SEQ ID NO:7中氨基酸121和122间的断裂一致,因为从氨基酸37到121的肽序列具有理论质量14114.11Da,和在氨基酸122和123间断裂,预计从氨基酸37-123的肽序列理论质量为14242.29Da。
实施例11:源于米曲霉和Fusarium venenatum不完全加工的磷脂酶的表达
米曲霉PLA2(AoPLA2)和Fusarium venenatum PLA2(FvPLA2)在N-和C-末端两端的加工发生在单个或多个基本残基上(赖氨酸或精氨酸),是经常负责前肽加工的Kexin-样成熟酶的典型断裂位点(Jalving,R.,et al.(2000)Appl.Environ.Microbiol.66:363-368)。为了测定加工对AoPLA2和FvPLA2活性的影响,将酶在Kexin缺陷米曲霉株中表达。然后用SDS-PAGE评价加工,测定野生型和Kexin缺陷型本底(background)表达AoPLA2和FvPLA2的菌株培养物的磷脂酶活性。
通过本领域建立的方法,例如WO 98/12300和US6013452描述的破坏米曲霉的kexB基因(EMBL:AB056727)构建Kexin缺陷的米曲霉菌株(kexB-)。KexB的破坏通过Southern印迹分析和通过监测已知由kexB负责其成熟的肽的表达确认。将KexB-菌株用实施例9描述的AoPLA2表达构建体和实施例4描述的FvPLA2表达构建体转化。将这些菌株,连同实施例9和4描述的kexB+的AoPLA2和FvPLA2表达菌株在YP+2%G中于30℃发酵,并用未转化的菌株作为对照。将AoPLA2表达菌株于200RPM摇动培养4天,而将FvPLA2表达菌株摇动275RPM培养3天。用SDS-PAGE评价磷脂酶的表达和加工。
SDS-PAGE分析中,分辨出AoPLA2在kexB+和kexB-的菌株中都为清晰的单一条带。当表达在kexB+菌株时,AoPLA2电泳在ca.16kDa处,与前面观察到的完全加工的AoPLA2(实施例10)迁移一致,而在kexB-菌株,AoPLA2电泳在ca.27-28kDa处,与缺乏加工或不完全加工的一致。当表达在kexB+菌株时,分辨出FvPLA2为表观分子量17kDa和14kDa的两条带。14kDa条带相应于完全加工的肽(实施例5),而17kDa肽是部分加工的形式。当表达在kexB-菌株时,FvPLA2泳在ca.18-19kDa的单一条带,大小与不完全加工的一致。来自未转化的菌株的任何对照样品未观察到相似条带。相对的条带强度表明AoPLA2在kexB-菌株中的表达是其在kexB+菌株表达水平的1/5至1/10,而FvPLA2在kexB-菌株中的表达与其在kexB+菌株表达水平相同至1/2。
用LEU实验判断每种菌株产生的磷脂酶的活性并表示于表7。
表7
菌株基因型 | 活性LEU/ml | ||
KexB | FvPLA2 | AoPLA2 | |
+ | - | - | 0 |
- | - | - | 0 |
+ | + | - | 38 |
- | + | - | 0 |
+ | - | + | 56 |
- | - | + | 0 |
0-10-1-1 | 表格PCT/RO/134(SAFE)涉及保藏的微生物或其它生物材料说明(PCTRule 13 bis)prepared using | PCT-SAFE[EASY方式]版本3.50(Build 0002,162) |
0-2 | 国际申请号 | |
0-3 | 申请者或代理者的文件参考 | 10342.504-WO |
11-11-2 | 下面做出的涉及说明书中提及的保藏微生物或其它生物材料的说明页行 | 126 |
1-31-3-11-3-21-3-31-3-4 | 保藏物的证明保藏单位的名称保藏单位的地址保藏日期登陆号 | DSMZ DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen undZellkulturen GmbHMascheroder Weg 1b,D-38124Braunschweig,Germany2003年2月12日(12.02.2003)DSMZ 15441 |
1-5 | 对指定国家所作的说明 | 全部指定 |
22-12-2 | 下面做出的涉及说明书中提及的保藏微生物或其它生物材料的说明页行 | 127 |
2-32-3-12-3-22-3-32-3-4 | 保藏物的证明保藏单位的名称保藏单位的地址保藏日期保藏号 | DSMZ DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen undZellkulturen GmbHMascheroder Weg 1b,D-38124Braunschweig,Germany2003年2月12日(12.02.2003)DSMZ 15442 |
2-5 | 对指定国家所作的说明 | 全部指定 |
仅供受理局使用
0-4 | 此表格被国际申请接受:(是或否) | |
0-4-1 | 审定的官员 |
仅供国际局专用
0-5 | 此表格被国际局接受: | |
0-5-1 | 审定的官员 |
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Phe Leu Ser Ser Cys His Arg His Asp Phe Gly Tyr Arg Asn Tyr Lys
85 90 95
Lys Gln Asn Arg Phe Thr Ala Pro Asn Lys Ala Arg Ile Asp Thr Asn
100 105 110
Phe Lys Thr Asp Met Tyr Asn Gln Cys Ash Thr Glu Ser Asn Ile Phe
115 120 125
Thr Arg Ala Ala Cys Lys Ala Val Ala Asp Ile Tyr Tyr Glu Ala Val
130 135 140
Lys Thr Phe Gly Ser Lys Lys Arg Ala Ala Glu Ala Leu Ala Ala Arg
145 150 155 160
Gln Met Glu Glu Asn Val Ala Lys Ala
165
<210>6
<211>942
<212>DNA
<213>米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)
<220>
<221>CDS
<222>(61)..(726)
<400>6
cgcaagcatc acatctactt cttattgcct attctgtccg agtgctagcc acttatcatc 60
atg aag aac atc ttc gtt gcc act ttg ggc ctg ttc gcc gca gtt tcg 108
Met Lys Asn Ile Phe Val Ala Thr Leu Gly Leu Phe Ala Ala Val Ser
1 5 10 15
tct gcc ttg ccc tac aca acc cct gtc aat gac aat ccc atc tct gct 156
Ser Ala Leu Pro Tyr Thr Thr Pro Val Asn Asp Asn Pro Ile Ser Ala
20 25 30
tta caa gca cgc gcg aca aca tgc tcg gcc aag gcc acg gat aac ctc 204
Leu Gln Ala Arg Ala Thr Thr Cys Ser Ala Lys Ala Thr Asp Asn Leu
35 40 45
atc ttc aag gtc tcc atg aag acc ttc cag aag gcg cgc aag gcc aag 252
Ile Phe Lys Val Ser Met Lys Thr Phe Gln Lys Ala Arg Lys Ala Lys
50 55 60
aac ccc tcc aag tgc aac tgg tca tcg gac aac tgc tcc aag tca ccc 300
Asn Pro Ser Lys Cys Asn Trp Ser Ser Asp Asn Cys Ser Lys Ser Pro
65 70 75 80
gat aag ccc gat gga tac aac ttc atc ccc agc tgc caa aga cac gat 348
Asp Lys Pro Asp Gly Tyr Asn Phe Ile Pro Ser Cys Gln Arg His Asp
85 90 95
ttc ggc tac cgg aac acg aag aag cag aag cgc ttc aca aag gcc atg 396
Phe Gly Tyr Arg Asn Thr Lys Lys Gln Lys Arg Phe Thr Lys Ala Met
100 105 110
aag aag cgc att gac gac aac ttc aag aag gat ctc tac aag tac tgc 444
Lys Lys Arg Ile Asp Asp Asn Phe Lys Lys Asp Leu Tyr Lys Tyr Cys
115 120 125
agc caa ttc tcg ggc tgg agc tca tgg aag gga gtg gag tgc cgt cgc 492
Ser Gln Phe Ser Gly Trp Ser Ser Trp Lys Gly Val Glu Cys Arg Arg
130 135 140
ctt gcg gat gtc tac tat act gct gtc cgc cae ttt ggc aag cgt gat 540
Leu Ala Asp Val Tyr Tyr Thr Ala Val Arg His Phe Gly Lys Arg Asp
145 150 155 160
gaa gcg ctt gag ttt gac cct gag gtt gag ttc gag aag cgt gat gag 588
Glu Ala Leu Glu Phe Asp Pro Glu Val Glu Phe Glu Lys Arg Asp Glu
165 170 175
gtg gcc gat gtc cag cct gac gaa ttt gat aac ttt gac ggt tct gaa 636
Val Ala Asp Val Gln Pro Asp Glu Phe Asp Asn Phe Asp Gly Ser Glu
180 185 190
gtt gac cct gat atc gag ggc cag gtc att ccc gaa gtt ctt gaa gat 684
Val Asp Pro Asp Ile Glu Gly Gln Val Ile Pro Glu Val Leu Glu Asp
195 200 205
gat gga gtg gat gtg gag aac ctc gac gat att gaa aac ctg 726
Asp Gly Val Asp Val Glu Asn Leu Asp Asp Ile Glu Asn Leu
210 215 220
taggttttcg gcattggctc tacactttgc aaatgggtcg tcataatcca ttggaagccg 786
gaggaggagg gaaatcaagg catcttttgg ttgtcagtaa ctttgagtgc ctagtttgtg 846
aattgttttt tgaggttcta tttgaattct gcttttgttc aatcttatag cttcctacgt 906
tgttgtcatt taaaaatgga caggagtatc tgtgag 942
<210>7
<211>222
<212>PRT
<213>米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)
<400>7
Met Lys Asn Ile Phe Val Ala Thr Leu Gly Leu Phe Ala Ala Val Ser
1 5 10 15
Ser Ala Leu Pro Tyr Thr Thr Pro Val Asn Asp Asn Pro Ile Ser Ala
20 25 30
Leu Gln Ala Arg Ala Thr Thr Cys Ser Ala Lys Ala Thr Asp Asn Leu
35 40 45
Ile Phe Lys Val Ser Met Lys Thr Phe Gln Lys Ala Arg Lys Ala Lys
50 55 60
Asn Pro Ser Lys Cys Asn Trp Ser Ser Asp Asn Cys Ser Lys Ser Pro
65 70 75 80
Asp Lys Pro Asp Gly Tyr Asn Phe Ile Pro Ser Cys Gln Arg His Asp
85 90 95
Phe Gly Tyr Arg Asn Thr Lys Lys Gln Lys Arg Phe Thr Lys Ala Met
100 105 110
Lys Lys Arg Ile Asp Asp Asn Phe Lys Lys Asp Leu Tyr Lys Tyr Cys
115 120 125
Ser Gln Phe Ser Gly Trp Ser Ser Trp Lys Gly Val Glu Cys Arg Arg
130 135 140
Leu Ala Asp Val Tyr Tyr Thr Ala Val Arg His Phe Gly Lys Arg Asp
145 150 155 160
Glu Ala Leu Glu Phe Asp Pro Glu Val Glu Phe Glu Lys Arg Asp Glu
165 170 175
Val Ala Asp Val Gln Pro Asp Glu Phe Asp Asn Phe Asp Gly Ser Glu
180 185 190
Val Asp Pro Asp Ile Glu Gly Gln Val Ile Pro Glu Val Leu Glu Asp
195 200 205
Asp Gly Val Asp Val Glu Asn Leu Asp Asp Ile Glu Asn Leu
210 215 220
<210>8
<211>249
<212>PRT
<213>粗糙链孢霉(Neurospora crassa)
<400>8
Met Lys Pro Phe Phe Leu Ile Ser Leu Leu Val Thr Val Phe Met Ser
1 5 10 15
Leu Met Leu Ala Thr Thr Ala Gln Pro Ser Leu Pro Leu Asn Asn Arg
20 25 30
Arg Glu Leu Ala Glu His Pro Pro Val Lys Gly Asn Pro Pro Asn Thr
35 40 45
Gly Tyr Ala Leu Asp Trp Cys Lys Tyr Thr Ala Gly Met Leu Phe Gln
50 55 60
Trp Asp Leu Pro Thr Phe Ile Lys His Arg Glu Ala Asn Phe Ser Leu
65 70 75 80
Gly Arg Leu Thr Trp Asp Trp Ser Ser Asp Gly Cys Thr His Val Pro
85 90 95
Asp Asn Pro Val Gly Phe Pro Phe Lys Pro Ala Cys Gln Arg His Asp
100 105 110
Phe Gly Tyr Arg Asn Tyr Gln Val Gln Phe His Phe Thr Pro Arg Ala
115 120 125
Arg Trp Lys Ile Asp Glu Asn Phe Leu Lys Glu Met Lys Phe Gln Cys
130 135 140
Ile Gly His Asn Ile Phe Asn Ala Cys His Phe Met Ala His Val Tyr
145 150 155 160
His Trp Gly Val Arg Thr Phe Tyr Lys Gly His Glu Gln Tyr Arg Glu
165 170 175
Ser Glu Pro Ser His Lys Met Met Asp Thr Met Val Ala Ser Glu Ser
180 185 190
Ser Asp Val Phe Asp Gly Met Asp Ala Asp Glu Ala Arg Asp Ala Leu
195 200 205
Asn Pro Tyr Leu Ser Glu Glu Lys Thr Lys Glu Tyr Tyr Asp Arg Ala
210 215 220
Leu Ala Arg Tyr Asn Lys Cys Val Glu Glu Ala Met Ala Gln Gly Ile
225 230 235 240
Asp Leu Gln Lys Tyr Trp Ala Ala Phe
245
<210>9
<211>832
<212>DNA
<213>Tuber albidum
<220>
<221>CDS
<222>(2)..(426)
<220>
<221>CDS
<222>(476)..(680)
<400>9
a atg gtc aag att gct gcc att gtc ctc cta atg gga att cta gcc aat 49
Met Val Lys Ile Ala Ala Ile Val Leu Leu Met Gly Ile Leu Ala Asn
1 5 10 15
gct gcc gcc atc cct gtc agc gag cca gca gcc ctg gcg aag cgt gga 97
Ala Ala Ala Ile Pro Val Ser Glu Pro Ala Ala Leu Ala Lys Arg Gly
20 25 30
aac gct gag gtc att gct gaa caa act ggt gat gtc ccg gat ttc aac 145
Asn Ala Glu Val Ile Ala Glu Gln Thr Gly Asp Val Pro Asp Phe Asn
35 40 45
act caa att aca gag cca act ggg gag gga gac cgt ggg gat gtg gtc 193
Thr Gln Ile Thr Glu Pro Thr Gly Glu Gly Asp Arg Gly Asp Val Val
50 55 60
gac gaa acc gat ttg tcc acg gat att gtc cca gag acc gag gct gct 241
Asp Glu Thr Asp Leu Ser Thr Asp Ile Val Pro Glu Thr Glu Ala Ala
65 70 75 80
tcc ttc gcc gct agt tca gta tct gca gcc tca cca gca tct gac acc 289
Ser Phe Ala Ala Ser Ser Val Ser Ala Ala Ser Pro Ala Ser Asp Thr
85 90 95
gac agg ctt ctc tac tca acc tcc atg ccc gcc ttc ttg act gct aag 337
Asp Arg Leu Leu Tyr Ser Thr Ser Met Pro Ala Phe Leu Thr Ala Lys
100 105 110
cgc aat aag aac ccc ggc aac ttg gac tgg agc gat gat gga tgc agc 385
Arg Asn Lys Asn Pro Gly Asn Leu Asp Trp Ser Asp Asp Gly Cys Ser
115 120 125
aac tcc ccg gac agg cct gca ggg ttt aac ttc ctt gac tc 426
Asn Ser Pro Asp Arg Pro Ala Gly Phe Asn Phe Leu Asp Ser
130 135 140
gtaagtcctc cttcatttat gctatctaca ttcactaata ttcgaacag c tgc aag 482
Cys Lys
cgt cac gac ttc ggg tac cgc aac tac aag aag cag cgc cgc ttc aca 530
Arg His Asp Phe Gly Tyr Arg Asn Tyr Lys Lys Gln Arg Arg Phe Thr
145 150 155 160
gag cct aat cgc aag cgc att gat gac aat ttc aag aag gac cta tat 578
Glu Pro Asn Arg Lys Arg Ile Asp Asp Asn Phe Lys Lys Asp Leu Tyr
165 170 175
aat gag tgc gcc aag tac tct ggc ctc caa tcc tgg aaa ggt gtt gcc 626
Asn Glu Cys Ala Lys Tyr Ser Gly Leu Gln Ser Trp Lys Gly Val Ala
180 185 190
tgc cgc aaa atc gcg aac act tac tac gat gct gta cgc tcc ttc ggt 674
Cys Arg Lys Ile Ala Asn Thr Tyr Tyr Asp Ala Val Arg Ser Phe Gly
195 200 205
tgg ttg taaatgtgcg gaagagatat caagtgggat cgaggaagag gatggtgaaa 730
Trp Leu
210
gagctgagag gtggatttct ttacattccg caatggctac tacagaagaa ctgtgctcct 790
caaatttaat ctcatttttg tgtctatcta tccactctag aa 832
<210>10
<211>210
<212>PRT
<213>Tuber albidum
<400>10
Met Val Lys Ile Ala Ala Ile Val Leu Leu Met Gly Ile Leu Ala Asn
1 5 10 15
Ala Ala Ala Ile Pro Val Ser Glu Pro Ala Ala Leu Ala Lys Arg Gly
20 25 30
Asn Ala Glu Val Ile Ala Glu Gln Thr Gly Asp Val Pro Asp Phe Asn
35 40 45
Thr Gln Ile Thr Glu Pro Thr Gly Glu Gly Asp Arg Gly Asp Val Val
50 55 60
Asp Glu Thr Asp Leu Ser Thr Asp Ile Val Pro Glu Thr Glu Ala Ala
65 70 75 80
Ser Phe Ala Ala Ser Ser Val Ser Ala Ala Ser Pro Ala Ser Asp Thr
85 90 95
Asp Arg Leu Leu Tyr Ser Thr Ser Met Pro Ala Phe Leu Thr Ala Lys
100 105 110
Arg Asn Lys Asn Pro Gly Asn Leu Asp Trp Ser Asp Asp Gly Cys Ser
115 120 125
Asn Ser Pro Asp Arg Pro Ala Gly Phe Asn Phe Leu Asp Ser Cys Lys
130 135 140
Arg His Asp Phe Gly Tyr Arg Asn Tyr Lys Lys Gln Arg Arg Phe Thr
145 150 155 160
Glu Pro Asn Arg Lys Arg Ile Asp Asp Asn Phe Lys Lys Asp Leu Tyr
165 170 175
Asn Glu Cys Ala Lys Tyr Ser Gly Leu Gln Ser Trp Lys Gly Val Ala
180 185 190
Cys Arg Lys Ile Ala Asn Thr Tyr Tyr Asp Ala Val Arg Ser Phe Gly
195 200 205
Trp Leu
210
<210>11
<211>961
<212>DNA
<213>Verticillium tenerum
<220>
<221>CDS
<222>(5)..(628)
<400>11
caac atg aag acc acc gct gtt ctc tcc ctc gcc atg ctc cag gcc acc 49
Met Lys Thr Thr Ala Val Leu Ser Leu Ala Met Leu Gln Ala Thr
1 5 10 15
tgg gcc tcg ccc gtg gcc aag cgc cag aac gac gtc tcc ctc gtc gac 97
Trp Ala Ser Pro Val Ala Lys Arg Gln Asn Asp Val Ser Leu Val Asp
20 25 30
aac tac atg ttc ggc atc tcg ctg ccc acc ttc tcc aac cac cac tcc 145
Asn Tyr Met Phe Gly Ile Ser Leu Pro Thr Phe Ser Asn His His Ser
35 40 45
aac agg aac ccc cct cgc ctg gac tgg acc acc gac ggc tgc acc tcg 193
Asn Arg Asn Pro Pro Arg Leu Asp Trp Thr Thr Asp Gly Cys Thr Ser
50 55 60
tcg ccc aac aac ccg ctc ggc ttc ccc ttc ctg ccc gcc tgc cac cgc 241
Ser Pro Asn Asn Pro Leu Gly Phe Pro Phe Leu Pro Ala Cys His Arg
65 70 75
cac gac ttt ggc tac cag aac ttc cgc atc cag agc cgc ttc acc cag 289
His Asp Phe Gly Tyr Gln Asn Phe Arg Ile Gln Ser Arg Phe Thr Gln
80 85 90 95
agc aac aag ctc cgc atc gac gac aag ttc aag gag gac ctc tac cac 337
Ser Asn Lys Leu Arg Ile Asp Asp Lys Phe Lys Glu Asp Leu Tyr His
100 105 110
cag tgc gac ggc cac tgg gcc tgg gtt gcc tgc gct gcc ctc gcc gag 385
Gln Cys Asp Gly His Trp Ala Trp Val Ala Cys Ala Ala Leu Ala Glu
115 120 125
gtc tac tac gcc gcc gtc cgc gcc ttc ggc ggt ggt gac gcc acc ccg 433
Val Tyr Tyr Ala Ala Val Arg Ala Phe Gly Gly Gly Asp Ala Thr Pro
130 135 140
gga cgc atg cac gtc gcc gtc ttc ggc cag acc cag gcc gag cac gac 481
Gly Arg Met His Val Ala Val Phe Gly Gln Thr Gln Ala Glu His Asp
145 150 155
gcc ctc gtc tcc atc tac gag gag aag ctc gcg gcc tac gag gct gcc 529
Ala Leu Val Ser Ile Tyr Glu Glu Lys Leu Ala Ala Tyr Glu Ala Ala
160 165 170 175
gtc gcc gag gcc gag gcc cgc ggc gag atc ccc cac gtc gag gag acc 577
Val Ala Glu Ala Glu Ala Arg Gly Glu Ile Pro His Val Glu Glu Thr
180 185 190
ctc ccc gag gag cct gcc gcc gag gag ccc gcc gcc gag gag gag cag 625
Leu Pro Glu Glu Pro Ala Ala Glu Glu Pro Ala Ala Glu Glu Glu Gln
195 200 205
aag taaacacgag ccccttttag gaccgactag ctcggtgtcg ctgggctagg 678
Lys
ctgagctgag tgacggggag gcacgaaaga gagcaatgca tcagacaggc tggaacatgc 738
ctttgtctga gtgatggatg gacttgatgg acttgatgga cttggatgca tttatgatac 798
cgccagtgtt gactggcaga gcgagcgact tgattttgga tttcttgaaa ggacggatgt 858
cccgaggtgg ataagggatg ccttatcacc aacttcttca tgtatatatt gtactgcgca 918
gagaagcgcg ccccgaaaaa tggattgatt cttgatgaga cgt 961
<210>12
<211>208
<212>PRT
<213>Verticillium tenerum
<400>12
Met Lys Thr Thr Ala Val Leu Ser Leu Ala Met Leu Gln Ala Thr Trp
1 5 10 15
Ala Ser Pro Val Ala Lys Arg Gln Asn Asp Val Ser Leu Val Asp Asn
20 25 30
Tyr Met Phe Gly Ile Ser Leu Pro Thr Phe Ser Asn His His Ser Asn
35 40 45
Arg Asn Pro Pro Arg Leu Asp Trp Thr Thr Asp Gly Cys Thr Ser Ser
50 55 60
Pro Asn Asn Pro Leu Gly Phe Pro Phe Leu Pro Ala Cys His Arg His
65 70 75 80
Asp Phe Gly Tyr Gln Asn Phe Arg Ile Gln Ser Arg Phe Thr Gln Ser
85 90 95
Asn Lys Leu Arg Ile Asp Asp Lys Phe Lys Glu Asp Leu Tyr His Gln
100 105 110
Cys Asp Gly His Trp Ala Trp Val Ala Cys Ala Ala Leu Ala Glu Val
115 120 125
Tyr Tyr Ala Ala Val Arg Ala Phe Gly Gly Gly Asp Ala Thr Pro Gly
130 135 140
Arg Met His Val Ala Val Phe Gly Gln Thr Gln Ala Glu His Asp Ala
145 150 155 160
Leu Val Ser Ile Tyr Glu Glu Lys Leu Ala Ala Tyr Glu Ala Ala Val
165 170 175
Ala Glu Ala Glu Ala Arg Gly Glu Ile Pro His Val Glu Glu Thr Leu
180 185 190
Pro Glu Glu Pro Ala Ala Glu Glu Pro Ala Ala Glu Glu Glu Gln Lys
195 200 205
<210>13
<211>29
<212>DNA
<213>人工的
<220>
<223>TbPLA1引物
<220>
<221>misc_feature
<222>(4)..(9)
<223>BamHI位点
<400>13
caaggatcca aaatggtcaa gattgctgc 29
<210>14
<211>34
<212>DNA
<213>人工的
<220>
<223>TbPLA2引物
<220>
<221>misc_feature
<222>(4)..(9)
<223>XhoI位点
<400>14
tgcctcgagt tttttctaga gtggatagat agac 34
<210>15
<211>690
<212>DNA
<213>Fusarium venenatum
<220>
<221>CDS
<222>(49)..(597)
<400>15
cagttttggt tctttccttc cttatccatc acttctagta tcttcaag atg aag ttc 57
Met Lys Phe
1
agc gct acc att ctt tca ctc ctc ccg gca gtt ctc gcc ctg ccc aca 105
Ser Ala Thr Ile Leu Ser Leu Leu Pro Ala Val Leu Ala Leu Pro Thr
5 10 15
ggc gaa gat gca tct gtc tca aag cgc cag agc gtg aac aca gtg aca 153
Gly Glu Asp Ala Ser Val Ser Lys Arg Gln Ser Val Asn Thr Val Thr
20 25 30 35
gat cag ctc ctc ttc agc gtc aca ctc cca caa ttc act gct cgt cgt 201
Asp Gln Leu Leu Phe Ser Val Thr Leu Pro Gln Phe Thr Ala Arg Arg
40 45 50
aac gcc cgt gat cct ccc act gtc gac tgg acc tct gac ggt tgc act 249
Asn Ala Arg Asp Pro Pro Thr Val Asp Trp Thr Ser Asp Gly Cys Thr
55 60 65
tcc tcg ccc gac aac cct ttc ggc ttc cct ttt atc cct gcc tgc aac 297
Ser Ser Pro Asp Asn Pro Phe Gly Phe Pro Phe Ile Pro Ala Cys Asn
70 75 80
cgt cac gac ttt ggc tac cac aac tac cgc gcc cag agc cgc ttc acc 345
Arg His Asp Phe Gly Tyr His Asn Tyr Arg Ala Gln Ser Arg Phe Thr
85 90 95
gtg agc gcc aag tcc cgc atc gac aac aac ttc aag acc gat ttg tac 393
Val Ser Ala Lys Ser Arg Ile Asp Asn Asn Phe Lys Thr Asp Leu Tyr
100 105 110 115
ttc caa tgc caa tcc tcc agt gtt tct ggt gtc tgc aga gca ctt gcc 441
Phe Gln Cys Gln Ser Ser Ser Val Ser Gly Val Cys Arg Ala Leu Ala
120 125 130
gac gtc tac ttc gcc gcg gtt aga gct ttt ggc ggg gat gat gct act 489
Asp Val Tyr Phe Ala Ala Val Arg Ala Phe Gly Gly Asp Asp Ala Thr
135 140 145
cct ggc aag aga gat gag gcc ctt gta aag gag tac gaa aag aag gta 537
Pro Gly Lys Arg Asp Glu Ala Leu Val Lys Glu Tyr Glu Lys Lys Val
150 155 160
gaa gtc tac aac aag ctt gtt gaa gag gct cag aag aag ggt gat ctc 585
Glu Val Tyr Asn Lys Leu Val Glu Glu Ala Gln Lys Lys Gly Asp Leu
165 170 175
cct cgc ctt gac tagagtggtt caaaaagcat tctttgggtt cattgtacat 637
Pro Arg Leu Asp
180
aaatccttac gatacatgag ttatgataaa tcttaaatgg cgggtgacga gct 690
<210>16
<211>183
<212>PRT
<213>Fusarium venenatum
<400>16
Met Lys Phe Ser Ala Thr Ile Leu Ser Leu Leu Pro Ala Val Leu Ala
1 5 10 15
Leu Pro Thr Gly Glu Asp Ala Ser Val Ser Lys Arg Gln Ser Val Asn
20 25 30
Thr Val Thr Asp Gln Leu Leu Phe Ser Val Thr Leu Pro Gln Phe Thr
35 40 45
Ala Arg Arg Asn Ala Arg Asp Pro Pro Thr Val Asp Trp Thr Ser Asp
50 55 60
Gly Cys Thr Ser Ser Pro Asp Asn Pro Phe Gly Phe Pro Phe Ile Pro
65 70 75 80
Ala Cys Asn Arg His Asp Phe Gly Tyr His Asn Tyr Arg Ala Gln Ser
85 90 95
Arg Phe Thr Val Ser Ala Lys Ser Arg Ile Asp Asn Asn Phe Lys Thr
100 105 110
Asp Leu Tyr Phe Gln Cys Gln Ser Ser Ser Val Ser Gly Val Cys Arg
115 120 125
Ala Leu Ala Asp Val Tyr Phe Ala Ala Val Arg Ala Phe Gly Gly Asp
130 135 140
Asp Ala Thr Pro Gly Lys Arg Asp Glu Ala Leu Val Lys Glu Tyr Glu
145 150 155 60
Lys Lys Val Glu Val Tyr Asn Lys Leu Val Glu Glu Ala Gln Lys Lys
165 170 175
Gly Asp Leu Pro Arg Leu Asp
180
Claims (28)
1.生产磷脂酶的方法,其包括加工被表达的真菌肽以从C-末端裂解肽和/或从N-末端裂解肽以获得有磷脂酶活性的核心肽,其中核心肽包括:
a)下列给出的氨基酸序列:SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸146-153,SEQ IDNO:3的氨基酸87-94,或SEQ ID NO:12的氨基酸79-86;或除了用另一个氨基酸取代单个氨基酸外与这些氨基酸序列任何一个相同的序列;和
b)位于a)给出的序列的N-末端侧的至少两个半胱氨酸残基;和
c)位于a)给出的序列的C-末端侧的至少两个半胱氨酸残基。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中被表达的肽在用编码被表达肽的DNA转化的丝状真菌宿主细胞中表达。
3.权利要求2的方法,其中宿主细胞是曲霉属,镰孢属或木霉属,特别是米曲霉,黑曲霉,F.venenatum或T.reesei。
4.权利要求2的方法,其中表达的肽被宿主细胞在体内加工。
5.权利要求1-4任一项的方法,其中核心肽长度为100-150个氨基酸。
6.权利要求1-5任一项的方法,其中磷脂酶具有特定的磷脂酶活性,其是表达的肽加工前活性的至少2倍。
7.权利要求1-6任一项的方法,其中被表达的肽源自Tuber,轮枝孢属,链孢霉属,曲霉属,或Helicosporum,特别是T.borchii,T.albidum,大丽花轮支孢,V.tenerum,粗糙链孢霉,米曲霉或Helicosporium sp.HN1。
8.权利要求1-7任一项的方法,其中当完全表达的肽序列与SEQ IDNO:1,SEQ ID NO:3,SEQ ID NO:4,SEQ ID NO:5,SEQ ID NO:7,SEQ IDNO:8,SEQ ID NO:10,和SEQ ID NO:12给出的序列同时比对时,被表达的肽在与SEQ ID NO:1氨基酸97-101比对的序列的N-末端侧0-18氨基酸内裂解。
9.权利要求1-8任一项的方法,其中当完全表达的肽序列与SEQ IDNO:1,SEQ ID NO:3,SEQ ID NO:4,SEQ ID NO:5,SEQ ID NO:7,SEQ IDNO:8,SEQ ID NO:10,和SEQ ID NO:12给出的序列同时比对时,被表达的肽在与SEQ ID NO:1氨基酸204-209比对的序列的C-末端侧0-11氨基酸内裂解。
10.权利要求1-9任一项的方法,其中被表达的肽的裂解在Kex2加工位点的10个氨基酸内或FG序列的11个氨基酸内或两者。
11.水解磷脂的方法,其包括将磷脂与权利要求1-10任一项方法生产的磷脂酶接触。
12.生产干酪的方法,其包括将干酪用乳或干酪用乳的成分与磷脂酶接触,其中磷脂酶包括:
a)下列给出的氨基酸序列:SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸146-153,SEQ IDNO:3的氨基酸87-94,或SEQ ID NO:12的氨基酸79-86;或除了用另一个氨基酸取代单个氨基酸外与任何这些氨基酸序列等同的序列;和
b)位于a)给出的序列的N-末端侧的至少两个半胱氨酸残基;和
c)位于a)给出的序列的C-末端侧的至少两个半胱氨酸残基。
13.生产干酪的方法,其包括将干酪用乳或干酪用乳的成分与权利要求1-10任一项方法生产的磷脂酶接触。
14.磷脂酶,其是具有与下列序列至少有80%同一性的氨基酸序列的多肽:
SEQ ID NO:10(T.albidum)中的氨基酸91-210,SEQ ID NO:1(T.borchii)中的氨基酸92-211,SEQ ID NO:12(V.tenerum)中的氨基酸30-137,SEQ IDNO:3(大丽花轮支孢)中的氨基酸38-145,SEQ ID NO:4(粗糙链孢霉)中的氨基酸44-151,SEQ ID NO:7(米曲霉)中的氨基酸37-157,或者SEQ ID NO:8(粗糙链孢霉)中的氨基酸58-168。
15.磷脂酶,其包括:
a)由克隆到质粒中的DNA序列的编码磷脂酶部分编码的多肽,其中质粒在保藏号DSM 15442的大肠杆菌中;或
b)多肽,其包括SEQ ID NO:16的氨基酸29-149的氨基酸序列,或包括可以将其通过取代,缺失,和/或插入一个或多个氨基酸而获得的氨基酸序列;或
c)(a)或(b)定义的多肽的类似物,其:
i)与该肽具有至少80%同源性,或
ii)与抗该纯化形式的多肽的抗体发生免疫反应,或
iii)是该多肽的等位基因变体;或
d)由核酸序列编码的多肽,该核酸序列在低严谨条件下与编码成熟多肽的SEQ ID NO:15核酸133-495的核酸序列的互补链杂交,或者其具有至少100个核苷酸的亚序列。
16.权利要求15的磷脂酶,其是天然的镰孢属的菌株,特别是F.venenatum。
17.核酸序列,其包括编码权利要求15或16的磷脂酶的核酸序列。
18.核酸序列,其包括:
a)克隆到DSM 15442大肠杆菌中质粒上的编码成熟的磷脂酶的部分DNA序列,
b)SEQ ID NO:15核酸133-495的编码成熟磷脂酶的部分DNA序列,
c)(a)或(b)定义的序列的类似物,其编码磷脂酶并且:
i)与所述DNA序列具有至少80%同源性,或
ii)与所述DNA序列的互补链高严谨杂交或其具有至少100个核苷酸的亚序列,
iii)是它们的等位基因变体;或
d)a),b)或c)的互补链。
19.核酸构建体,其包括权利要求17或18的核酸序列,其可操作性地连接于在合适表达宿主内能够指导磷脂酶表达的一个或多个控制序列。
20.重组表达载体,其包括权利要求19的核酸构建体,启动子,和转录和翻译终止信号。
21.包括权利要求20的核酸构建体的重组宿主细胞。
22.生产磷脂酶的方法,其包括在利于磷脂酶产生的条件下培养权利要求21的宿主细胞,和回收磷脂酶。
23.制备面团或从面团制作烘烤的产品的方法,其包括向面团中加入权利要求15的磷脂酶。
24.包括权利要求15的磷脂酶的面团组合物。
25.包括表面活性剂和权利要求15的磷脂酶的去污剂组合物。
26.减少植物油中磷含量的方法,其包括在水存在的情况下将油与权利要求15的磷脂酶接触,和然后从油中分离水相。
27.生产干酪的方法,其包括用磷脂酶处理乳组合物,和从乳组合物生产干酪,其中磷脂酶是权利要求15的磷脂酶。
28.生产干酪的方法,其包括用磷脂酶处理乳组合物,和从乳组合物生产干酪,其中磷脂酶选自真菌的/细菌的组XIII PLA2磷脂酶。
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