CN1741842A - 产品连续相变的程序 - Google Patents

产品连续相变的程序 Download PDF

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CN1741842A
CN1741842A CNA200480002875XA CN200480002875A CN1741842A CN 1741842 A CN1741842 A CN 1741842A CN A200480002875X A CNA200480002875X A CN A200480002875XA CN 200480002875 A CN200480002875 A CN 200480002875A CN 1741842 A CN1741842 A CN 1741842A
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product
blender
mixing
blending constituent
program circuit
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CN100366330C (zh
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P·A·弗勒里
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List Holding AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
    • B29B17/0036—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting of large particles, e.g. beads, granules, pellets, flakes, slices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
    • B01F27/701—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers
    • B01F27/702—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers with intermeshing paddles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
    • B01F35/21—Measuring
    • B01F35/212—Measuring of the driving system data, e.g. torque, speed or power data
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/75—Discharge mechanisms
    • B01F35/752—Discharge mechanisms with arrangements for converting the mechanism from mixing to discharging, e.g. by either guiding a mixture back into a receptacle or discharging it
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/02—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type
    • B29B7/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/28—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for measuring, controlling or regulating, e.g. viscosity control
    • B29B7/283—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for measuring, controlling or regulating, e.g. viscosity control measuring data of the driving system, e.g. torque, speed, power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/72—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29B7/728—Measuring data of the driving system, e.g. torque, speed, power, vibration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/732—Floor coverings
    • B29L2031/7322—Carpets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S366/00—Agitating
    • Y10S366/601—Motor control

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种产品连续相变的程序：将产品放置于一个混合器内，混合成分搁置于轴边(至少是单轴)，对该产品进行返回混合，直至通过测量轴的转矩所推断出的粘度达到预定的高度；或对已经达到了预定粘度的产品进行返回混合，将混合器切换为连续运转的模式，在某些情况下还需要添加其它成分，然后输出产品。

Description

产品连续相变的程序
技术领域
这项发明有关于混合器中的产品的持续相变的程序，将产品放置于一个混合器内，混合成分搁置于轴边(至少是单轴)。
背景技术
一个连续运转的混合器中会产生一种螺旋水流(Propfenstrmung)，此时混合器的纵面上形成了浓缩侧面，而该产品的每一个轴向位置都呈现同一相(状)态。待处理的混合物料含有很多液体尤其是溶剂，所以在刚放入混合器时一般呈流质稀液状。这些液体只有通过与热量交换层的接触才会汽化蒸发。通常这些热量交换层都限于混合器的内壁、轴的表面，可能的情况下还有相应的圆盘元件的表层。这类混合器的例子在DE 23 49 106C，EP 0 517 068 A或DE 195 36 944 A中都有所描述。还有很多类似的例子，在此不再赘述。
DE 100 08 531 A所描述的是一种持续汽化蒸发和对粘稠产品进行热处理的程序，特别是针对合成橡胶和热塑性塑料。混和器中至少应有一个装有混合元素的搅拌轴，此时应将新的低粘度的产品溶剂连续融入进一个提前浓缩的粘的产品床中，以便对这种产品床的粘度和浓度进行调制，使得能源输入(由机械混和能量和通过与混合器的热量交换层的接触而实现的热转移组成)达到最大。此外还应确保产品在混合器中进行连续返回混合。在这种情况下溶剂的主要部分(单体和液体)会由于混合能量而发生汽化。
这种热量交换层的热量转移系数较低，这种情况尤其表现在混合物料和热量交换层之间形成泡沫时，而专门的发热面也不合适。
当混合物料的粘度变高或溶剂的含量降到低于20％，汽化蒸发就会更加有效。这时将要转化成热量的混和能量输入到这种糊状混合物料当中就会更加容易。因此，这里出现了一个问题：混合器应怎样工作才能使溶剂的成分很快降到可以有效地输入混合能量的范围，即低于20％。
发明内容
当前的这项发明要完成的任务是再次从根本上改善混合器的工作方法，提高其工作效率。
解决任务的方案如下：对产品进行返回混合，直到通过测量轴的转矩所推断出的产品粘度达到了预定的高度，或者对已经达到预定的粘度的产品进行返回混合，将混合器切换到连续运转的模式，在某些情况下还需要添加其它成分，然后输出产品。
换言之，对混合器本身而言，一个预定的、含有一定溶剂成分的适当粘度很重要，因为只有在这样的情况下混合能量才能转入到混合物料中。这样一来，整套汽化设备的结构就更加紧凑了。
这项发明不只是局限于一种特定的混和，所有的固态和液态物质的混和都可使用这项发明。为了使其能够正常运转，粘度必须达到足够高的程度，以便能够输入充足的混合能量。
这项发明还适用于固态到液态的相变。比如，这种程序也可以用于碎块饼干(Crumb)的生产制造。又比如，奶粉、糖、可可、油和水可以混在一起进行热处理。在热处理的过程中会发生糖结晶和水蒸发的反应。这种程序可以直接在上文提到的混合器中进行。混和物料从粉末到糊状混合物料的转变过程中唯一的一个难题是：在粉末状态时，通过与壁面接触而转移的热量很少。因为粉末的粘性非常低，混和能量也就无法输入到混合物料当中。
具体实施方式
通过在单轴或双轴的混合器中或在混合器的第一区中的返回混合，添加成分能够直接添加到糊状混合物料中。也就是说，糊状的混合物料在这个混合器中会被返回混合，而固态物质会被添加到糊状混合物料中。由于混合物料现有的粘度足够，我们可以通过进一步搅拌将相应的混合能量转入混合物料中。这一过程主要涉及内部能量，因为产品是在糊状混合物料内部发生升温的。
这种糊状混合物料会被放进连续运转的标准混合器中或被送到连续混合器的第二个区内。在那儿将会发生上文提及的反应/结晶/干化。
这种程序的一个演示案例也考虑到了可以其对材料的再循环的适用性，例如我们可在尼龙地毯的再循环利用中借助此程序。地毯剩余物可直接添加到已完成返回混合的糊状尼龙混合物料中。我们可以通过进行有效搅拌来获得将固态物质加热到熔点所需的内部能量。
有些情况下转矩可能会过高。诸如聚烯物溶液(益寿糖和山梨醇之类的代糖品)的汽化或在熔点之下的聚合化(例如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的聚合化)可形成一种螺旋水流而封阻连续混合器。在这些情况下，螺旋水流的从液态向固态的相变粘度很高。这里的难题在于怎样在仪器纵面的局部对高粘度的同质混合物料进行混合。
装有松散产品的前床/活动床/固定床能够解决粘度过高的问题。我们将液态产品添加到这种松散的颗粒状的前床/活动床/固定床中。返回混合使得浓度相位只发生在成品颗粒的表层，但是此时整个活动床依然可以活动。这样搅拌器就无法“看”到浓度相位的高粘度了。凭借返回混合，成品颗粒的表面发生了浓度/流体液态到固态的相变。返回混合使得浓度产品和固体颗粒产品的混合粘度看起来似乎较低。
我们根据混合器的长度可分出不同的添加点，利用这些添加点和积极输送的混合几何能有效完成这种连续的返回混合。
除了可以根据长度来划分添加点，借助成品的外部再循环，单个添加点也可以实现所需求的返回混合。如上所述，混合几何的实现需要借助积极输送。
在混合器中进行连续返回混合的第三种方法：将根据长度划分的添加点和返回混合的混合几何连接起来。
不言而喻，使用返回混合的相应混合器是为了实现连续工作。混合器可以是单轴的也可以是双轴的。应适当放置相应的混合成分以使它们呈现返回混合的几何图案。

Claims (7)

1、一种产品连续相变的程序流程，其特征在于其包括以下步骤：将产品放置于混合器内，混合成分搁置于轴边(至少是单轴)，对该产品进行返回混合，直至通过测量轴的转矩所推断出的粘度达到预定的高度，或对已经达到了预定粘度的产品进行返回混合，然后将混合器切换到连续运转模式，有的情况下还需要添加其它成分，而后将产品输出。
2、根据权利要求1所述的程序流程，其特征在于要进行返回混合的混合成分将机械能转入塑料溶剂(例如：热塑性溶剂或合成橡胶溶剂)中，使得添加的挥发性成分从液态相变到气态。
3、根据权利要求1所述的程序流程，其特征在于要进行返回混合的混合成分将机械能转入到糊状产品/混和物料中，使添加的固态成分从固态相变到液态/似糊状。
4、根据权利要求1至3任一权利要求所述的程序流程，其特征在于要进行返回混合的混合成分将机械能传入到混合器的第一个区域，通过混合成分中的输送成分将其输送到混合器的第二区域继续进行加工处理。
5、根据权利要求1至4任一权利要求所述的程序流程，其特征在于其要进行返回混合的混合成分在混合器的第一区域形成一个固定床，使得添加的液态成分能够实现从液态向固态的相变。
6、根据权利要求1至5中任一权利要求所述的程序流程：其特征在于其要进行返回混合的混合成分在混合器的第一区域形成一个固定床，通过混合成分中的输送成分将其输送到混合器的第二区域继续进行加工处理。
7、根据权利要求1至6中任一权利要求所述的程序流程：其特征在于其要进行返回混合的混合成分中一部份液态成分要被优化浓缩，这样能够抑制泡沫的产生。
CNB200480002875XA 2003-01-27 2004-01-26 产品的连续相转变的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN100366330C (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10303167.723 2003-01-27
DE2003103167 DE10303167B4 (de) 2003-01-27 2003-01-27 Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Phasenumwandlung eines Produktes
DE10303167.72.3 2003-01-27

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EP (1) EP1590075B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN100366330C (zh)
AT (1) ATE327037T1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2514333C (zh)
DE (2) DE10303167B4 (zh)
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DE102005001802A1 (de) 2004-09-30 2006-04-06 List Holding Ag Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Durchführung von Polymerisationsprozessen
FR2951177B1 (fr) 2009-10-09 2012-12-21 Roquette Freres Procede de preparation de derives acetyles de matiere amylacee
DE102010017218A1 (de) 2010-05-14 2011-11-17 List Holding Ag Verfahren zur Durchführung von Polymerisationsprozessen
KR101564159B1 (ko) 2011-06-17 2015-10-28 엑손모빌 케미칼 패턴츠 인코포레이티드 반결정성 중합체의 냉각 및 펠렛화 방법
ITMI20112156A1 (it) 2011-11-25 2013-05-26 Polimeri Europa Spa Procedimento per la rimozione del solvente da una soluzione polimerica
EP3055449B1 (de) 2013-10-10 2019-11-13 LIST Technology AG Verfahren zur behandlung eines gemisches

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ES2264791T3 (es) 2007-01-16
DE10303167B4 (de) 2006-01-12
DE502004000630D1 (de) 2006-06-29
CA2514333C (en) 2011-11-08
ATE327037T1 (de) 2006-06-15
DE10303167A1 (de) 2004-08-05
CN100366330C (zh) 2008-02-06
EP1590075A1 (de) 2005-11-02
WO2004067157A1 (de) 2004-08-12
US20060193197A1 (en) 2006-08-31
US7762712B2 (en) 2010-07-27
CA2514333A1 (en) 2004-08-12
EP1590075B1 (de) 2006-05-24

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