CN1681971A - 电池壳体用表面处理钢板和使用该钢板的电池壳体 - Google Patents
电池壳体用表面处理钢板和使用该钢板的电池壳体 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1681971A CN1681971A CNA038223201A CN03822320A CN1681971A CN 1681971 A CN1681971 A CN 1681971A CN A038223201 A CNA038223201 A CN A038223201A CN 03822320 A CN03822320 A CN 03822320A CN 1681971 A CN1681971 A CN 1681971A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 71
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- CLDVQCMGOSGNIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel tin Chemical compound [Ni].[Sn] CLDVQCMGOSGNIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001096 P alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynenickel Chemical compound [P].[Ni] OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni] QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 abstract description 51
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- -1 Polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- NPURPEXKKDAKIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodoimino(oxo)methane Chemical compound IN=C=O NPURPEXKKDAKIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000655 Killed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ACIAHEMYLLBZOI-ZZXKWVIFSA-N Unsaturated alcohol Chemical compound CC\C(CO)=C/C ACIAHEMYLLBZOI-ZZXKWVIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000337 indium(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XGCKLPDYTQRDTR-UHFFFAOYSA-H indium(iii) sulfate Chemical compound [In+3].[In+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O XGCKLPDYTQRDTR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical compound [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfamate Chemical compound NS([O-])(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005451 methyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229950000081 metilsulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
- C25D7/0614—Strips or foils
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
- C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
- C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/117—Inorganic material
- H01M50/119—Metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/1245—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure characterised by the external coating on the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
- H01M50/128—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
- H01M50/133—Thickness
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/54—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of metals not provided for in groups C25D3/04 - C25D3/50
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
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Abstract
公开了一种电池性能优异的表面处理钢板和包括所述钢板的电池壳体。所述电池壳体的制备过程为:采用深冲、DI或DTR方法成型在最外侧存在铟层的表面处理钢板,使其作为镀覆基体钢板制电池壳体的内表面。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及容纳碱性溶液的容器,更具体地,涉及用于例如碱锰电池或镍镉电池用的电池壳体的表面处理钢板,以及采用深冲(deepdrawing)、DI或DTR方法由所述钢板成型的电池壳体。
背景技术
容纳强碱性溶液的电池壳体,例如碱锰电池或镍镉电池用的电池壳体迄今一直通过由冷轧钢带压制成电池壳体并且对其转筒滚镀制备而成,或者由镀镍钢带压制成电池壳体制备而成。
如上所述,对电池,例如碱锰电池或镍镉电池采用镍镀层原因在于镍具有高的耐碱性腐蚀性能,因为上述电池主要使用强碱性的氢氧化钾作为电解质;也在于镍的接触电阻恒定不变,当电池与外部端子相连时这一点很重要;而且还在于镍的点焊性能高,因为电池的制造是通过点焊将各部件焊接一起成为电池。
最近已采用DI(冲压和展薄拉伸(drawing and ironing))法,而不是深冲法,作为压制成型薄壁电池壳体的方法,以增加电池的容量(日本专利公报JP-B-H7-99686)。DI或DTR(冲薄并再次冲压(drawing thin and redraw))法能够有利地成型侧壁厚度比其底部厚度小的壳体,相应地,用于盛放正极和负极的活性物质的空间更大,因此,能够获得容量更高的电池,同时,其底部厚度大可使电池具有改善的耐压性。
此外,最近已要求碱锰电池具有优异的内电阻、短路电流、放电特性等。
如上所述,最近,利用深冲、DI或DTR方法成型的电池壳体已采用镍镀层或铁镍扩散层形成内表面层,以获得改善的电池性能。
以镍镀层或铁镍扩散层作为其内表面最外层的壳体限制了电池特性,要求加以改善。
本发明的一个目的是提供能够获得优异电池性能的电池壳体和适合用于制造所述电池壳体的表面处理薄钢板。
发明公开
在这种情况下,我们,本发明的发明人,已发现:如果采用铟层作为电池壳体内表面的最外层,则利用深冲、DI或DTR方法成型的电池壳体能够提供优异的内电阻、短路电流等电池性能。
为了达到上述目的,根据权利要求1的电池壳体用表面处理薄钢板的特征在于:在其至少一个表面上存在铟层。所述铟层优选通过电镀形成,并且,优选在预定构成电池壳体内表面的钢表面上形成。
所述薄钢板优选在其预定构成电池壳体内表面的表面上存在作为底层的镍或镍合金层和形成在其上的作为上层的铟层。镍合金层优选含有镍锡合金、镍铁合金、镍铁扩散层、镍磷合金和镍钴合金中的一种或多种。
此外,所述薄钢板优选在其预定构成电池壳体内表面的表面上存在作为底层的铁镍扩散层、作为中间层的镍层和作为上层的铟层。
根据权利要求7的电池壳体的特征在于:其采用深冲、DI或DTR方法由根据权利要求1-6中之任何一项的电池壳体用表面处理薄钢板制备而成。
实施本发明的最佳模式
现在逐步介绍本发明。
(1)薄钢板:
首先制备出用于制造根据本发明的电池壳体的低碳钢薄板。该低碳钢薄板优选例如是冷轧Al镇静低碳钢、含碳量为0.003%或更低的极低碳钢或者含有铌、硼和钛的非时效极低碳钢。
采用低碳钢薄板有助于采用深冲、DI或DTR方法成型壳体。
(2)镍或镍合金镀层:
关于在上述的电池壳体以及表面处理薄钢板上形成镍或镍合金镀层,可以使用任何已知的化学镀镀液或电镀液,例如瓦特镀液、氨基磺酸盐镀液、氟硼酸盐镀液或氯化物镀液。优选镀层厚0.5-3.0μm。从耐碱性角度考虑不允许厚度小于0.5μm,而厚度大于3.0μm从经济角度考虑不合算。镍合金镀覆优选在所述已知镀液中添加铁、锡、磷、钴等的化合物之后通过电镀实施。镍磷合金镀覆可以在已知化学镀液,如亚磷酸、亚磷酸盐、次磷酸盐或次磷酸盐中通过化学镀进行。
(3)热处理扩散
在如上面(2)中所述镀覆镍或镍合金镀层之后,可以通过热处理扩散形成一个合金层。例如,当镀覆镍或镍铁合金时,形成镍铁扩散层。如果在如上面(2)中所述镀覆镍层之后进行镀锡,随后进行热处理,则形成镍锡扩散层,或者形成两层,该两层包括作为底层的铁镍扩散层和作为上层的镍锡扩散层。其中,由于耐碱性能高,优选镍锡扩散层。
热处理优选在非氧化性或者还原保护性气氛中进行,以防止在合金层表面形成氧化物膜。惰性气体如氮气、氩气或氖气适合用作非氧化性气体,氢气或者氨气例如适合作为还原性气体。热处理可以通过分批退火或者连续退火进行。优选热处理温度为300-900℃,优选处理时间为例如30秒至15小时,但是热处理条件依赖于所使用的薄钢板,例如,含碳量0.003wt%或更低的极低碳钢要求温度恒定但时间短,因为这种钢基体的再结晶温度高。
(4)铟镀层
在镀镍或镍合金之后,或者在随后进行上述热处理之后,对所述薄钢板镀覆铟。铟是一种耐碱性能高和接触电阻低并且较软的金属,因此能够与正极混合物紧密接触。尽管对于本发明,令人满意的是镀覆铟时可使用任何已知镀液,例如高pH值的氰化物镀液、硫酸盐镀液、氟硼酸盐镀液、氨基磺酸盐镀液、甲基磺酸盐(metasulfonate)镀液或者NTA镀液,但是,通常优选使用简单的硫酸盐镀液。
每升所述镀液含有10-25克硫酸铟和0-10克硫酸钠,并且用于镀覆的条件是:pH值2.0-2.7,室温,电流密度2-4A/dm2,采用铟阳极。通常通过使用不同的电流密度控制铟镀层的厚度。
镀层厚度优选例如50-500mg/m2。其厚度小于50mg/m2时,难于有效获得低接触电阻,而厚度大于500mg/m2时,则从经济上不利。
实施例:
现在通过实施例介绍本发明。采用厚度分别为0.25mm和0.4mm的冷轧、退火并平整轧制的低碳铝镇静薄钢板作为待镀覆薄钢板。还采用厚度分别为0.25mm和0.4mm的冷轧极低碳铝镇静薄钢板作为待镀覆薄钢板。这两类薄钢板的化学组成如下所述。
C:0.04%(以重量计,其他情况也如此)
Si:0.01%
Mn:0.22%
P:0.012%
S:0.006%
Al:0.048%
N:0.0025%
采用常用方法对待镀覆薄钢板进行预处理,包括碱性电解脱脂、水冲洗、硫酸浸泡和水冲洗,然后,进行包括无光泽镀镍的普通处理,如下所述。
1)无光泽镀镍
无光泽镀镍通过使用硫酸镍镀液进行。
镀液组成:
硫酸镍(NiSO4.6H2O) 300克/升
氯化镍(NiCl2.6H2O) 45克/升
硼酸(H3BO3) 30克/升
镀液pH值:4(采用硫酸调整)
搅拌:空气搅拌
镀液温度 60℃
阳极:填充S丸(INCO产品的商标名,球形)并且用聚丙烯袋覆盖的钛篮。
下面将介绍的镀液用于镀覆半光泽镍镀层。该半光泽镍镀层还可以代替先前的无光泽镍镀层。
2)半光泽镀镍
通过向硫酸镍镀液中适当添加不饱和醇的聚环氧乙烷加成产物和不饱和羧酸醛作为半光泽试剂实施半光泽镀镍。
镀液组成:
硫酸镍(NiSO4.6H2O) 300克/升
氯化镍(NiCl2.6H2O) 45克/升
硼酸(H3BO3) 30克/升
不饱和醇的聚环氧乙烷加成产物 3.0克/升
不饱和羧酸醛 3.0克/升
镀液pH值:4(采用硫酸调整)
搅拌:空气搅拌
镀液温度 60℃
阳极:填充S丸(INCO产品的商标名,球形)并且用聚丙烯袋覆盖的钛篮。
如果在镀覆无光泽或半光泽镍层之后进行镀锡,则可以通过此后将述及的扩散处理形成镍锡合金层。
上述的镍镀层可以用镍合金层代替。
3)镍合金镀层
通过向已知镍镀液中添加合金元素如铁、锡、磷或钴的已知化合物进行镍合金镀覆。例如,通过向硫酸镍镀液中适当添加的硫酸铁镀覆镍铁合金,使镍镀层中存在铁。
镀液组成:
硫酸镍(NiSO4.6H2O) 320克/升
氯化镍(NiCl2.6H2O) 20克/升
硫酸铁(FeSO4.6H2O) (适量)
硼酸(H3BO3) 30克/升
镀液pH值:4(采用硫酸调整)
搅拌:空气搅拌
镀液温度 60℃
阳极:装满S丸(INCO产品的商标名,球形)并且用聚丙烯袋覆盖的钛篮。
如果希望存在磷或钴而不是铁,则在镀液中适当添加的次磷酸钠或硫酸钴来代替硫酸铁。
镀膜中铁、磷或钴的含量以及镀层厚度在上述条件下进行改变。镀覆条件如表1所示。或者还可以使用已知的氟化物镀液镀覆镍锡合金镀层。
4)热处理扩散
在如上所述镀覆镍或镍合金镀层之后,可以进行热处理扩散。或者,在通过镀镍和镀锡形成两个镀层之后,可进行热处理扩散。扩散处理优选在非氧化性或者还原性气氛,例如在含6.5%氢气、余者为氮气的非氧化性气氛中进行。扩散处理可以使用已知装置,例如分批或连续退火炉。
热处理条件如表1所示。
5)铟镀层
镀覆铟层的条件如下:
镀液组成:
硫酸铟 10-25克/升
硫酸钠 0-10克/升
pH值: 2.0-2.7
阳极: 铟
镀液温度: 室温
电流密度: 2-4A/dm2
铟镀层的厚度通常通过改变电流密度来控制,结果如表1所示。
(成型电池壳体)
采用DI方法成型电池壳体,其过程包括使用厚度为0.4mm的镀覆薄钢板,将直径41mm的板坯成形为直径20.5mm的杯体,并且采用DI机对其进行再冲压和两阶段的展薄拉伸,以制备出外径13.8mm、壁厚0.20mm和高56mm的壳体。最后对其顶部修整,获得高49.3mm的LR6电池壳体。所述DI方法应用于根据实施例1-3和对照例1中的表面处理薄钢板。
采用DTR方法成型电池壳体,其过程包括使用厚度为0.25mm的镀覆薄钢板,将其冲制成直径58mm的板坯,并且对其进行几次冲压和再冲压,以制备出外径13.8mm、壁厚0.20mm和高49.3mm的LR6电池壳体。所述DTR方法应用于根据实施例4-6和对照例2中的表面处理薄钢板。
采用深冲方法成型电池壳体,其过程包括使用厚度为0.25mm的镀覆薄钢板,将其冲制成直径57mm的板坯,并且对其进行几次冲压和再冲压,以制备出外径13.8mm、壁厚0.25mm和高49.3mm的LR6电池壳体。所述深冲方法应用于根据实施例7和8以及对照例3中的表面处理薄钢板。
表1-试样制备条件和电池性能
实施例或者对照例 | 电池壳体内表面或外表面 | 底镀层 | 镀覆底镀层之后的热处理 | 铟镀层重量(mg/m2) | 电池性能 | |||
镀层种类 | 镀层重量(g/m2) | IR(mΩ) | SCC(A) | 电流1A时的放电(分钟) | ||||
实施例1 | 内表面 | 无光泽Ni | 8.7 | 无 | 52 | 132 | 8.1 | 15.8 |
外表面 | 无光泽Ni | 17.8 | - | |||||
实施例2 | 内表面 | 半光泽Ni | 17.5 | 无 | 109 | 138 | 7.9 | 16.1 |
外表面 | 半光泽Ni | 18.2 | - | |||||
实施例3 | 内表面 | 无光泽Ni | 17.8 | 无 | 256 | 133 | 7.9 | 16.1 |
外表面 | 半光泽Ni | 17.8 | - | |||||
实施例4 | 内表面 | 无光泽Ni | 17.6 | 无 | 486 | 129 | 8.4 | 17.0 |
外表面 | 半光泽Ni | 18.3 | - | |||||
实施例5 | 内表面 | Ni-3wt%P | 7.7 | 550℃×8h | 55 | 138 | 7.8 | 15.9 |
外表面 | Ni-3wt%P | 17.9 | - | |||||
实施例6 | 内表面 | 无光泽Ni | 17.9 | 550℃×8h | 316 | 135 | 8.0 | 16.8 |
外表面 | 半光泽Ni | 17.6 | - | |||||
实施例7 | 内表面 | Ni-5wt%Co | 18.1 | 780℃×2min | 402 | 134 | 8.2 | 17.0 |
外表面 | Ni-5wt%Co | 17.5 | - | |||||
实施例8 | 内表面 | Ni-3wt%Fe | 17.7 | 780℃×2min | 496 | 131 | 8.4 | 17.2 |
外表面 | Ni-3wt%Fe | 17.8 | - | |||||
对照例1 | 内表面 | 无光泽Ni | 8.8 | 无 | - | 159 | 6.4 | 14.0 |
外表面 | 无光泽Ni | 18.5 | - | |||||
对照例2 | 内表面 | 无光泽Ni | 17.9 | 550℃×8h | - | 164 | 5.7 | 13.8 |
外表面 | 无光泽Ni | 17.6 | - | |||||
对照例3 | 内表面 | 半光泽Ni | 18.2 | 780℃×2min | - | 165 | 6 | 13.6 |
外表面 | 半光泽Ni | 18.1 | - |
采用上述成型的电池壳体制备碱锰电池,并对它们的特性进行了评价。评价结果如表1所示。
(1)内电阻(IR)的评价:
采用AC阻抗方法测量了所制备的每个电池在80℃下存放3天之后的内电阻(mΩ)。
(2)短路电流(SCC)的评价:
在80℃下存放3天之后,将安培计与所制备的每个电池相连,形成一个闭路,测量电池的电流大小作为其短路电流。
(4)放电特性:
在80℃下存放3天之后,将一个2Ω的电阻与所制备的每个电池相连,形成一个闭路。测量电压达到0.9V时的时间。
工业应用性
由表1明显看出:与在其表面存在镍镀层或者镍铁扩散层的任何已知碱锰干电池相比,正极板采用在构成电池壳体内表面的表面上存在铟层的薄钢板制备的碱锰电池,其内电阻低、短路电流高,而且,持续放电时间与任何所述已知碱锰干电池明显不同。
Claims (7)
1.电池壳体用表面处理薄钢板,在其至少一个表面上存在铟层。
2.根据权利要求1的电池壳体用表面处理薄钢板,其中,所述铟层通过电镀形成。
3.根据权利要求1或2的电池壳体用表面处理薄钢板,其中,所述铟层在预定构成电池壳体内表面的钢表面上形成。
4.根据权利要求1-3中之任何一项的电池壳体用表面处理薄钢板,其中,所述薄钢板在其预定构成电池壳体内表面的表面上存在作为底层的镍或镍合金层和作为上层的铟层。
5.根据权利要求4的电池壳体用表面处理薄钢板,其中,镍合金层含有镍锡合金、镍铁合金、镍铁扩散层、镍磷合金和镍钴合金中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1-4中之任何一项的电池壳体用表面处理薄钢板,其中,所述薄钢板在其预定构成电池壳体内表面的表面上存在作为底层的铁镍扩散层、作为中间层的镍层和作为上层的铟层。
7.采用深冲、DI或DTR方法由根据权利要求1-6中之任何一项的电池壳体用表面处理薄钢板制备而成的电池壳体。
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CN105463540A (zh) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-04-06 | 湖南永盛新材料股份有限公司 | 一种用于电池壳体的镀覆镍钴/镍/镍磷多层膜不锈钢带及其制备方法 |
CN106661707A (zh) * | 2014-08-20 | 2017-05-10 | 蒂森克虏伯钢铁欧洲股份公司 | 经表面处理的钢板及其制造方法 |
CN111411383A (zh) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-14 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | 一种不锈钢箔的加工方法、不锈钢箔及柔性显示装置 |
TWI730341B (zh) * | 2018-08-29 | 2021-06-11 | 日商Jfe鋼鐵股份有限公司 | 罐用鋼板及其製造方法 |
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WO2008105052A1 (ja) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-09-04 | Nihon Parkerizing Co., Ltd. | 金属材料の表面処理用組成物および処理液ならびに表面処理金属材料、塗装金属材料およびそれらの製造方法 |
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CN111411383A (zh) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-14 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | 一种不锈钢箔的加工方法、不锈钢箔及柔性显示装置 |
CN111411383B (zh) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-29 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | 一种不锈钢箔的加工方法、不锈钢箔及柔性显示装置 |
CN115821236A (zh) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-21 | 江苏东方九天新能源材料有限公司 | 一种锂电池外壳用镀镍钴钢带及其制备方法 |
CN115821236B (zh) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-12-12 | 江苏东方九天新能源材料有限公司 | 一种锂电池外壳用镀镍钴钢带及其制备方法 |
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AU2003257857A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
EP1544326A1 (en) | 2005-06-22 |
EP1544326A4 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
JP2004076117A (ja) | 2004-03-11 |
WO2004018739A1 (ja) | 2004-03-04 |
KR20050037577A (ko) | 2005-04-22 |
US20060105234A1 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
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