CN1665663A - 复合密封件的制造方法 - Google Patents

复合密封件的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1665663A
CN1665663A CN03816098.6A CN03816098A CN1665663A CN 1665663 A CN1665663 A CN 1665663A CN 03816098 A CN03816098 A CN 03816098A CN 1665663 A CN1665663 A CN 1665663A
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thin slice
mold cavity
seal
described thin
mould
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斯科特·朗廷
斯蒂芬·J·卡尔
弗雷德里克·R·哈奇
罗纳德·M·诺特布姆二世
乔恩·A·钱德勒
迈克尔·J·迈尔斯
加里·B·德雷克
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Federal Mogul LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/003—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by packing rings; Mechanical seals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14336—Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14467—Joining articles or parts of a single article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B29D99/0053—Producing sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/28—Arrangement of seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/328—Manufacturing methods specially adapted for elastic sealings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0053—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor combined with a final operation, e.g. shaping
    • B29C45/0055—Shaping
    • B29C2045/0058—Shaping removing material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14336—Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article
    • B29C2045/14459—Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article injecting seal elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/18—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0053—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor combined with a final operation, e.g. shaping
    • B29C45/0055—Shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2627/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2627/12—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts containing fluorine
    • B29K2627/18—PTFE, i.e. polytetrafluorethene, e.g. ePTFE, i.e. expanded polytetrafluorethene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/26—Sealing devices, e.g. packaging for pistons or pipe joints
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
    • Y10S277/924—Deformation, material removal, or molding for manufacture of seal

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Sealing With Elastic Sealing Lips (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种制造用于密封相对可转动部件的流体密封件(10)的方法，这种流体密封件(10)具有与聚四氟乙烯插件(30)粘合的弹性体密封件(18)。聚四氟乙烯材料的薄片(30)具有主体部分(32)和厚度大于主体部分(32)的末端部分(54)。把薄片(30)放入模具腔(62)内，且薄片(30)的一面与模具腔的一个表面部分相对。把弹性体材料压入模具腔(62)制成弹性体密封件(18)的预成型件，将预成型件(18)与薄片(30)的另一面粘合。从模具腔(62)中取出预成型件(18)和粘接着的薄片(30)。修整薄片末端(54)的末端部分和预成型件(18)的末端部分，从而制成流体密封件(10)。

Description

复合密封件的制造方法
本发明广泛涉及用于相对可转动部件的径向唇形密封件，特别是涉及一种由两种不同材料制成的复合唇密封件的制造方法。
背景技术
唇形流体密封件通常采用弹性密封件，该弹性密封件具有一个或一个以上的密封唇，用来接合紧靠在相对可转动部件的密封面上。唇形流体密封件用于保存作用液体(通常为润滑油)，并且用于防止外界污染物的侵入。密封件材料的选择由很多因素决定，包括密封件使用的环境。密封唇材料常采用弹性体，因为在密封件暴露于含有像水、盐这样的杂质、像灰尘、泥、沙等研磨材料的污染物的多尘环境中，这对例如一些大型装备中使用的轴承是有害的。唇形密封件也可由其它材料制成，如聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)材料。但在沾染上述污染物的条件下，弹性体比聚四氟乙烯材料更耐磨。另一方面，在高温和低温和/或干燥或低润滑这样的环境条件下，采用聚四氟乙烯材料则优于弹性体。密封件不仅常常暴露于含有污染物的环境中，而且常常是在高温或低温和/或低润滑条件下。以往使用具有弹性体/聚四氟乙烯复合唇缘的密封件，如美国6,213,476号专利，该专利让与了本发明的受让人。但是，制造这种弹性体/聚四氟乙烯复合密封唇有时会碰到一些困难。
发明内容
人们发现，在将弹性体材料注入聚四氟乙烯插件制成弹性体/聚四氟乙烯复合密封唇时，当弹性体材料流入模具时，在所谓的“流动”条件下，常使聚四氟乙烯插件发生位移或移位。聚四氟乙烯插件通常相对很薄，通常厚度只有0.020英尺或更薄，该事实使插件在压模里与弹性体粘合过程中很难保持固定。根据本发明，发现通过在聚四氟乙烯插件一端形成一扩大的部分能使插件在放入模具腔时更容易操作并在成型过程中保持位置不变。
进一步根据本发明说，聚四氟乙烯材料的薄片支承于模具腔内，其包括主体部分和较主体部分更厚的扩大的末端部分，弹性体材料被压入模具腔内形成弹性体密封件的模制成型的预成型件，并将其粘合到所述的薄片上，在从模具中取出预成型件和薄片之后，将预成型件末端和薄片的扩大的末端修整为弹性体件和聚四氟乙烯插件。为进一步确保成型过程中薄片更加稳固，模具优选设计成带有一个可与薄片基端相接合的、内置的突出部分。
附图的简要说明
结合附图，参照以下详细描述能够更好地理解本发明的优点和特点。
图1是一个流体密封组件的一部分的径向横断面图，该装置具有提供有本发明所述的复合结构的密封唇的流体密封件；
图2是本发明的用于制造图1所示密封组件的模具的横断面图；和
图3是与图2相似的横断面图，其中的聚四氟乙烯薄片所具有的形状不同。
具体实施方式
下面具体参考附图，如图1所示，唇形流体密封组件10有一个刚性环形壳或支架12，该壳优选为一个具有柱形壁14和环状径向凸缘16的圆筒形、杯形金属壳形式。
密封组件10还包括流体密封件17，该流体密封件17具有由壳12支承的环状密封件18。密封件18由各种适合的弹性体材料制成，如橡胶、硅树胶、聚丙烯酸物、氟橡胶、乙烯丙烯酸树脂、氢化腈或腈橡胶。密封件18有一个固定到壳14的凸缘16上的环状主体部分20，一个在轴向向外倾斜的方向上从主体部分20径向向外延伸，直至提供密封唇缘28的环状唇26的环状弯曲部分22。
环状无弹性插件30由比密封件18的材料相对更加坚硬的聚四氟乙烯材料制成，插件30粘合在弯曲部分22的轴向内侧和密封件18的唇26上。插件30具有环状主体部分32，其厚度优选均匀，约0.020英尺或更小。插件30具有一个环状唇36，环状唇36提供一个密封唇缘38。弹性体唇缘28和聚四氟乙烯唇缘38用于与可转动部件44的柱形密封面42紧密地接合。密封件18的唇26与插件30的唇36共同提供一个复合结构的环状密封唇46。
弹性体唇26置于复合密封唇46一侧，在此称为污染物侧或空气侧，而聚四氟乙烯唇36置于相反的一侧，在此称为防护侧或流体侧。复合密封唇46设计用来防止灰尘，污物、沙石、路面污垢、盐、水等污染物进入流体侧。
弹性体唇缘28周向连续延伸，使聚四氟乙烯唇36与空气侧隔离，聚四氟乙烯唇缘38同样优选周向连续延伸。这样，复合密封唇46在空气侧提供一个弹性体材料的连续带，在流体侧提供聚四氟乙烯材料的连续带，这样构成一个密封面。
图2示出了密封件17的制造方法，包括聚四氟乙烯材料的环状薄片54的使用。薄片50具有环状主体部分52，该环状主体部分52的至少一部分成为聚四氟乙烯插件30，在主体部分的一端还具有环状末端部分或前端54。图2清楚地示出薄片50的前端54是扩大的，相对于主体部分52厚度增大。主体部分52以及薄片50的前端54的表面56和58由一个弯曲的部分，优选弧形凹过渡面60相连接。
另外参考图2，薄片50和下面将要全面描述的密封件18的弹性体预成型件61在模制工具66的模具腔62中。模具腔是由独立且分离的模具部件74、76和78的相对的成形面68、70和72形成的。模具部件78的表面72包括具有表面段82和84的部分80，表面段82和84优选与主体部分52以及薄片50的前端54各自的表面56和58的形状相匹配并适于支承这两表面。表面段82和84由弯曲的凸表面段86连接，凸表面段86与薄片50的弧形面60的形状相匹配并适于支承该弧形面，表面段86在模具部件78的突出部分88上形成。一般来讲，模具腔的表面段82、84、86与薄片的表面56、58、60在形状上不需完全匹配，因为造型压力和高温会将薄片压到这些模具表面上。部分80末端是壁90，该壁90用来接合和定位薄片50的基端92，模具部件78的成形面72成形有与壁90邻接的第二个突出部分94，以确定坝96，坝96形成后文较全面描述的弹性体基台98。
模制工具66打开时，薄片50放入模具部件78的成形面72的部分80内，表面56、58和60分别完全地以表面对表面的关系由部分80的表面段82、84和86支承，薄片50的基端92抵靠壁90。薄片50的前端54的自有端抵靠模具腔62的表面93。
当闭合模具部件74、76和78，并将薄片50支承在上述模具部件78的成形面72的部分80位置处时，将弹性体材料压入模具腔62中形成密封件18的预成型件61，并将其粘合到薄片插件上。预成型件61包括形成部分100的一个唇部。
薄片50的前端54比主体部分52要薄，因此，薄片50放入模具时更易固定。前端54和突出部分88相配合，防止在弹性体材料导入模具腔62前和导入过程中，薄片50在模具内滑动或滑行，模具部件78的壁90提供一个可与薄片50的主体部分54的基端92相接合的挡板，辅助防止在弹性体材料流进模具时薄片50发生移动。
预成型件61制成并变成与薄片50粘合后，打开模具移走支架、预成型件及粘合的薄片，然后沿线102横向切割或切断预成型件的唇形部分100和薄片，保留弹性体唇26和聚四氟乙烯插件30及其唇36，丢弃预成型件的部分100的内部部分和包括具有加厚的前端54的薄片的内部部分。包括弹性体密封件18和聚四氟乙烯插件30的流体密封件17现在就制成了。坝96形成与插件30的基端92接合的弹性体基台98。沿切割线102形成弹性体唇缘28和聚四氟乙烯唇缘38。
图3类似于图2，但薄片150在结构上与薄片50稍有不同。薄片150的主体部分152与薄片50相同，但前端154的形状与薄片50不同。薄片150的前端154和薄片50的前端54的主要相似之处在于薄片150的前端154比薄片150的主体部分152厚。但是，增加的厚度由前端154的表面153在空气侧偏移形成，而薄片50的前端54的增加的厚度由前端54的相应表面朝流体侧偏移来增加厚度。此外，薄片150与薄片50相似，模具腔的其余部分也相同，并且弹性体预成型件161的成形大体上也相同，除了它在薄片155前端的旁边区域稍薄外。

Claims (8)

1.一种制造用于密封相对可转动部件的流体密封件的方法，其中流体密封件具有与一个聚四氟乙烯插件粘合的弹性体密封件，该方法包括：
提供一个具有模具腔的模具，
提供一个聚四氟乙烯材料的薄片，其具有预先确定的厚度的主体部分和比该主体部分的厚度更厚的末端部分，
将所述薄片放入模具腔内，所述薄片的一面与所述模具腔的一个表面部分相对，
将弹性体材料压入模具腔内制成所述弹性体密封件的模制的预成型件，把该预成型件粘合到与所述薄片的一面相反的另一面，和
从所述模具腔中取出所述模制成型的预成型件和所述薄片，修整所述预成型件的一个末端部分和所述薄片的末端部分，这样就制成具有粘合到所述聚四氟乙烯插件上的所述弹性体密封件的所述流体密封件。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述薄片的材料比所述弹性体材料相对更坚硬。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，当把所述薄片放入所述模具腔内时，所述薄片的一面完全支承在所述模具腔的所述表面部分上。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述模具腔具有一个壁，当把所述薄片放入所述模具时，该壁提供一个可与所述薄片的一个基端相接合的挡板。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述模具腔具有一个与所述壁相邻接的突出部分，该突出部分用于形成一个坝，以便当把所述薄片放入所述模具并且将所述弹性体材料压入所述模具时，该坝形成一个可与所述薄片的所述基端相接合的弹性体材料的基台部分。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述薄片的材料比所述的弹性体材料相对更坚硬，并且当把所述薄片放入模具腔内时，所述薄片的一面完全支承在所述模具腔的所述表面部分上。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述模具腔具有一个壁，当把所述薄片放入所述模具时，该壁提供一个可与所述薄片的一个基端相接合的挡板。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述模具腔具有一个与所述壁相邻接的突出部分，该突出部分用于形成一个坝，以便当把所述薄片放入所述模具并且将所述弹性体材料压入所述模具时，该坝形成一个可与所述薄片的所述基端相接合的弹性体材料的基台部分。
CN03816098.6A 2002-07-09 2003-06-25 复合密封件的制造方法 Pending CN1665663A (zh)

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WO2004005002A8 (en) 2005-02-24
AU2003281370A1 (en) 2004-01-23
RU2315695C2 (ru) 2008-01-27
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MXPA04011757A (es) 2005-03-31
EP1581377A1 (en) 2005-10-05

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