CN1665662A - 敷金属的塑料模制件的制造方法及其应用 - Google Patents

敷金属的塑料模制件的制造方法及其应用 Download PDF

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CN1665662A
CN1665662A CN038063948A CN03806394A CN1665662A CN 1665662 A CN1665662 A CN 1665662A CN 038063948 A CN038063948 A CN 038063948A CN 03806394 A CN03806394 A CN 03806394A CN 1665662 A CN1665662 A CN 1665662A
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CN100581777C (zh
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G·茨奥瓦拉斯
D·波弗森
H·-G·格尔克
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Covestro Deutschland AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/10—Removing layers, or parts of layers, mechanically or chemically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14778—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the article consisting of a material with particular properties, e.g. porous, brittle
    • B29C45/14811—Multilayered articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2715/00—Condition, form or state of preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29K2715/006—Glues or adhesives, e.g. hot melts or thermofusible adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
    • B29K2995/002—Coloured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
    • B29K2995/0026—Transparent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products
    • B29L2009/005—Layered products coated
    • B29L2009/008—Layered products coated metalized, galvanized
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2310/00—Treatment by energy or chemical effects
    • B32B2310/08—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B32B2310/0806—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B32B2310/0843—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using laser

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种制造金属化塑料模制件的多步方法及该金属化模制件的应用。

Description

敷金属的塑料模制件的制造方法及其应用
本发明涉及一种敷金属塑料模制件的制造方法及其应用。
为了制造既能用于普通装饰(例如艺术字体，标识)又具有金属光泽的塑料模制件，必须在预先制造好的金属膜上印制，随后进行成型处理并喷涂塑料。也可以首先在透明塑料膜上印制并喷涂金属。然后进行成型处理，必要时在金属层上再覆盖一层保护层。例如，在制造车辆塑料部件(如轮毂装饰罩等)时常常采用这种方法。这种方法的缺点是，由于金属层以这种方法制造的部件不透明，因此也无法在这些部件上使用透光技术。
本发明的目的是提供一种可以以简单的技术方式，制造具有金属光泽和普通装饰效果的塑料模制件。同时对以这种方式制造的部件可以使用透光技术。
上述目的可以通过按照本发明的方法实现。
本发明的目的是一种制造塑料模制件的方法，其特征在于
a)在厚度为50至750微米的透明塑料膜上涂敷厚度为20至150纳米的金属层，
b)部分去除由a)制成的经敷金属的薄膜上的金属层，
c)随后在膜的涂敷金属的面上涂厚度为5至50微米的粘接层，
d)任选地将厚度为50至750微米的经印制或未经印制的透明塑料膜层压在由c)制成的粘接层上，
e)任选地在由d)制成的薄膜上或由c制成的粘接层上涂厚度为3至40微米的装饰层，
f)任选地对由c)、d)或e)制成的产品进行成型处理，
g)最后背喷涂透明热塑性塑料。
在本发明的方法中需在透明塑料膜上涂金属层。这种金属层通过所谓的PVD方法(物理汽相沉积)或CVD方法(化学汽相沉积)涂敷尤为理想(所谓的直接涂敷金属)。这种金属层也可优选通过金属移印或转印涂敷(参见示例：Joachim Nentwig，塑料膜2000，Carl Hanser出版，慕尼黑，维也纳)。通常使用铝、铬、银、镍或金作为金属。
然后在所要求的部位/区域上将金属层从塑料膜上去除。这项工作最好利用激光束进行(参见示例：Gottfried W. Ehrenstein，Stefan Stampfer，带结构化线路图的3维喷铸模制件，喷铸2000-国际年会，VDI出版，2000)。金属层也可以通过蚀刻部分去除。如果部分去除金属层时使用激光，也可以优选在执行步骤g)后执行步骤b)[部分去除金属层]。但是，也可以在执行步骤c)、d)、e)或f)后用激光去除金属层。金属层厚度通常为纳米级。金属层通过激光束的聚焦点去除，由此产生可以根据需要利用透光技术使光线透过的区域。
粘接层优选以丝网印制涂敷在薄膜的敷金属的一侧。也可以通过刮涂或喷涂涂敷。该粘接层同时用于保护金属层。最好使用可热活化的聚氨酯粘接剂，如G.Festel博士、A.Proβ博士、H.Stepanski博士、H.Blankeheim博士、R.Witkowski博士(威斯巴登，Friedrich Wieweg & Sohn Verlagsgesellschaft mbH公司)在“附着粘接和密封”中所提到的粘接剂。
必要时将经印制或未经印制的透明塑料膜层压在粘接层上。这种薄膜也可以是着色薄膜。这种薄膜可以防止或减轻金属层失去光泽。在高温背喷涂时可能会出现失去光泽的情况。最好在温度低于薄膜软化点时进行层压。
必要时再涂敷装饰层。装饰层优选以丝网印制涂敷。也可以通过平版印刷、凹版印刷、转印或数字印刷方式涂敷。为此所用的颜色应是透光的。
然后进行成型处理。像DE-A 3 844 584中所描述的那样，成型处理时优选采用所谓的“高压成型”工艺。薄膜成型最好在低于薄膜软化温度时进行，以便不影响金属层的光泽。
其它成型方法是机械成型和液压成型。如果部件的几何形状允许(例如弯曲弧度很小的平板部件)，则也可以在背喷涂期间通过压制热塑性塑料进行成型处理，以便能略去额外的成型处理步骤。完成成型处理后去除突出的多余部分，最好以冲压方式去除。也可以通过激光切割、水束切割或铣削方式去除多余部分。
随后背喷涂透明的热塑性塑料。
按照本发明方法制造的塑料模制件可用于按钮、开关和配件，尤其是在机动车领域和电子领域，可用于装饰条，尤其是在机动车领域，可用于反光镜，尤其是灯泡和前照灯的反光镜，可用于键盘和外壳，尤其是电话和移动电话的键盘和外壳，可用于装饰板和按钮，尤其是家用电器的装饰板和按钮，可用于广告宣传板和包装材料以及用于制造身份识别卡。
实施例
a)聚碳酸脂膜的敷铝金属(Makrofol，DE1-1C，175微米，Bayer AG公司)。
这种薄膜已经过等离子体预处理，以便提高金属层在薄膜上的附着能力。通过PVD方法(直接敷金属)涂敷80纳米厚的铝层。敷金属过程在Heraeus-Leibold公司的敷金属设备上进行。
b)通过激光去除所选区域内的铝层
利用Rofin Sinar公司的激光设备“Marker Power Line 60”精确去除铝层。
试验设施：
激光介质：Nd YAG
功率：    60瓦
电流：    8.5安
波长：    1064纳米
脉冲频率：4.1赫兹
推进速度：200毫米/秒
c)敷粘接层
通过丝网印制方式涂敷Prll公司生产的粘接剂“AquapressME”。需印刷三次。所使用的聚酯纤维织物丝网每厘米有100条丝。印制薄膜干燥后粘接剂层厚度为20微米。
d)辅助膜
将100微米厚的聚碳酸脂膜(Makrofol，DE1-1C，175微米，Bayer AG公司)层压在由c)制成的产品上。层压在薄膜温度为90℃且压制压力为4巴下进行。
d)装饰层
通过丝网印制方式涂敷Prll公司的透明彩色染料“NoriphanHTR”。需印刷三次。所使用的聚酯纤维织物丝网每厘米有100条丝。印制薄膜干燥后色层厚度为6微米。
f)由c)制成的产品通过高压成型方式进行成型处理，然后切掉多余部分。产品温度约为80℃，工具温度约为75℃。
h)在由f)制成的成型产品上背喷涂Makrofon2400(Bayer AG公司的聚碳酸酯)。材料温度为290℃，工具温度为60℃。

Claims (2)

1.一种制造塑料模制件的方法，其特征在于
a)在厚度为50至750微米的透明塑料膜上涂敷厚度为20至150纳米的金属层，
b)部分去除由a)制成的经涂敷金属的薄膜上的金属层，
c)随后在膜的涂敷金属的面上涂厚度为5至50微米的粘接层，
d)任选地将厚度为50至750微米的经印制或未经印制的透明塑料膜层压在由c)制成的粘接层上，
e)任选地在由d)制成的膜上或由c制成的粘接层上涂厚度为3至40微米的装饰层，
f)任选地对以这种方式制造的产品进行成型处理，
g)最后背喷涂透明热塑性塑料。
2.按权利要求1制造的模制件用作按钮、开关、配件、装饰条、反光镜、键盘、外壳、装饰板、广告宣传板和包装材料以及用于身份识别卡的应用。
CN03806394A 2002-03-20 2003-03-07 敷金属的塑料模制件的制造方法及其应用 Expired - Fee Related CN100581777C (zh)

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DE10212304.7 2002-03-20
DE10212304A DE10212304C1 (de) 2002-03-20 2002-03-20 Verfahren zur Herstellung von metallisierten Kunststoffformteilen und deren Verwendung

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EP (1) EP1490203B1 (zh)
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KR (1) KR100976895B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN100581777C (zh)
AU (1) AU2003210433A1 (zh)
DE (2) DE10212304C1 (zh)
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CN105247596B (zh) * 2013-09-11 2017-12-01 株式会社爱睦全球 一种利用合成树脂膜制作品牌标志及商标标签的方法

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KR100976895B1 (ko) 2010-08-18
WO2003078132A8 (de) 2005-05-12
US20030178739A1 (en) 2003-09-25
EP1490203A1 (de) 2004-12-29
CN100581777C (zh) 2010-01-20
TWI268863B (en) 2006-12-21
JP2010158909A (ja) 2010-07-22
KR20040091756A (ko) 2004-10-28
US7144540B2 (en) 2006-12-05
DE10212304C1 (de) 2003-12-04
WO2003078132A1 (de) 2003-09-25
JP2005520706A (ja) 2005-07-14
EP1490203B1 (de) 2007-12-12
TW200402363A (en) 2004-02-16
AU2003210433A1 (en) 2003-09-29

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