CN1658803A - 具有柔性冷却电极的导管 - Google Patents

具有柔性冷却电极的导管 Download PDF

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CN1658803A
CN1658803A CN038065282A CN03806528A CN1658803A CN 1658803 A CN1658803 A CN 1658803A CN 038065282 A CN038065282 A CN 038065282A CN 03806528 A CN03806528 A CN 03806528A CN 1658803 A CN1658803 A CN 1658803A
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安德烈亚·文图雷利
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Fogazzi di Venturelli Andrea and C SNC
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1492—Probes or electrodes therefor having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00017—Electrical control of surgical instruments
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    • A61B2017/00088—Temperature using thermistors
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    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
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    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00005—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe
    • A61B2018/00011—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe with fluids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00005—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe
    • A61B2018/00011—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe with fluids
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/00773—Sensed parameters
    • A61B2018/00791—Temperature
    • A61B2018/00815—Temperature measured by a thermistor

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于使用由射频产生的高热来治疗肿瘤和其它疾病的导管，其包含在其远端具有或不具有锚定气球的管状体(10)，置于上述管体周围、并连接至射频发生器的有源电极(16)，以及用于测量上述电极周围的温度的至少一个热敏电阻针(19)，该有源电极(16)是柔性的并且可连接至用于冷却电极的冷却液体供应源。它包括可以是金属、导电陶瓷或石墨的螺旋输送管(21，25)。

Description

具有柔性冷却电极的导管
技术领域
本发明总的来说涉及用于治疗和外科用途的设备，其用在使用高热、即由射频引入的热切除肿瘤和其它疾病的治疗中，并具体地说涉及用于此用途的具有电极的导管。
背景技术
公知已经存在一些用于上述目的的导管，其中一个使用金属饰板作为有源电极，该金属饰板可连接至射频发生器，位于沿导管的管体的远端金属点和/或可能膨胀的锚定气球附近。该饰板可以是铜，钢或其它金属的，它部分地至少包含其导管的管体并且，为避免超过由射频产生的能引起灼伤的治疗温度，必须将它冷却。
出于这个目的，将饰板设计为具有双重管壁以形成空腔或空的空间，由适当的源提供的通常是水的冷却液体在其中循环。
但是，以此方法设计的饰板为形式的有源电极形成了刚性的部分，这对于其中装入的部分中的导管的柔性具有负面影响并且重要的是其不易制造。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是相对提出一种装备了有源电极的用于使用由射频产生的高热的本地治疗的导管，其具有新结构和有益的柔性。
本发明的另一目的是提供很好地结合了导管体的光滑和柔性特性并较易于制造和确实有效的冷却电极。
以一种用于使用射频的治疗和外科用途的导管实现这些目标，在其末稍部分装有由螺旋输送管制成的电极，螺旋输送管与导管的管同轴，附加到金属点和/或可能的锚定气球，并可连接至射频发生器，而且也可连接至冷却液体的供应源。
可以通过不同的方法制造包含电极的输送管，其具有不同形状，并使用各种传导材料，产生有益的柔性，用这种方法帮助在受影响的部位引入并且使用导管来作所需的处理。
附图说明
本发明的更多细节在参考指示性和非限制性附图的下列描述中将变得更加明显，其中：
图1是包括有源电极的导管一部分的视图；
图2是图1中导管在箭头A-A方向的放大截面视图；
图3是根据第一个实例的电极的放大纵向视图；
图4是电极第二个实例的类似纵向部分；
图5是图4中箭头B-B方向的截面视图；并且
图6是电极的又一实例的纵向部分。
具体实施方式
如图所示，导管包含管体10，管体10由具有一些输送管或者，如示出的，具有纵向并排安置并封装入绝缘弹性护套15内的若干管子11、12、13和14的管状部件构成。在其远端部分，导管体装有下面将要描述的有源电极16，以及金属点末端片17，其具有或不具有锚定气球，后者未示出。在未示出的近端部分中，导管装配有用于连接至提供各种功能的控制设备的连接器。
在导管的管体10中的输送管或管子之间，分配一个输送管或管子11用于容纳可延伸至金属点的引导金属线或轴18。将金属点17和可能的气球附于管子11的自由端，并且将电极16直接或间接地安置在上述管子一部分的周围。
分配另一个输送管或管子12以容纳所谓的热敏电阻针19，其以可收回的形式延伸直至它从靠近电极16的管体10的一侧突出。针19通常是管状的，可具有外涂层，并且用于测量电极周围温度的热电偶的引线20穿过它。
设想将其它输送管或管子13和14用于将从优选为水的冷却液体的供给处引出的冷却液体传送和返回至电极16。
依照本发明的有源电极16由螺旋输送管21构成。将其共轴地安置到管子11周围的导管体，或安装到附在管子11上的管状元件，并通过穿过导管体的未示出的引线，连接至适当的射频发生器。
输送管21可以是金属、导电陶瓷、石墨或其它合适的材料，并且其截面可以是任何形状：圆形、椭圆形、矩形，等等。可以通过各种途径构造它。例如它可以是单螺旋，通过在中间部分螺旋地旋转单独的管状初始元件实现，使得螺旋区域相对部件的部分全部或部分地形成(represent)必须沿电极16流动并冷却电极16的液体传送和返回管13，14。
根据另一实例，装有电极16的输送管21可以是双螺旋的，通过同时且共轴地缠绕已经弯曲成U型的初始管状元件的两平行分支部分实现，使得初始管状元件的所述分支的两个直的部分全部或部分地包围冷却电极的液体传送和返回管13，14。
但是，在管子11或缠绕其周围的管状元件的中央，以螺旋输送管21形状的电极的线圈可以由树脂或粘合剂连接在一起。如图3所示，它们可以没有外层，或更好地包围在护套22中，如图4所示，护套22可以是导电陶瓷或石墨，但电极的柔性保持不受破坏。
此外，特别当电极16使用于导电陶瓷或石墨涂层时，螺旋输送管21可以被包围到两个圆柱型的、同心并附着的套管中，一个是内部的23，另一个是外部的24--图6。通过这种方法，至少在一只套管与另一只套管接触的表面存在至少一个螺旋输送管25，从而形成所需的螺旋状通道。这个螺旋状通道优选地并且有利地具有矩形截面，并且连接用于电极冷却液的传送和返回管13，14。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于使用由射频产生的高热来治疗肿瘤和其它疾病的导管，其包含在其远端装备有金属点和/或锚定气球的管状体(10)，置于上述管体周围、附加到金属点和/或气球并连接至射频发生器的有源电极(16)，以及用于测量上述电极周围的温度的至少一个热敏电阻针(19)，其特征在于，有源电极(16)是柔性的并且可连接至用于冷却电极本身的冷却液体供应源。
2.根据权利要求1所述的导管，其中，所述柔性电极(16)包括同轴并附加到导管的管状体部分的螺旋输送管(21)。
3.根据权利要求1和2所述的导管，其中，所述柔性电极(16)是单螺旋管的形状并连接至射频发生器。
4.根据权利要求3所述的导管，其中，所述柔性电极(16)由螺旋缠绕的管状元件(21)构成，并且其中，所述管状元件的两相对端连接或并入用于传送和返回电极冷却液体的两个管子(13，14)。
5.根据权利要求1和2所述的导管，其中，所述柔性电极(16)是双螺旋管的形状并连接至射频发生器。
6.根据权利要求5所述的导管，其中，所述柔性电极(16)由螺旋缠绕的管状元件的两平行部分组成，所述部分是U形弯曲的管状元件的两分支，因此变成接合的，并且其中每个线圈的自由端连接到用于传送和返回电极冷却液的两个管子(13，14)或是作为其一部分。
7.根据任何前面的权利要求所述的导管，其中，形成所述柔性电极(16)的螺旋缠绕的管状元件(21)是金属、导电陶瓷、石墨或类似的东西。
8.根据任何前面的权利要求所述的导管，其中，所述螺旋形的柔性电极(16)的线圈都接合在一起，并通过树脂或粘合剂附于导管体。
9.根据任何前面的权利要求所述的导管，其中，所述螺旋形的柔性电极(16)的外部包围在陶瓷、石墨或类似的护套或套管(22)中。
10.根据权利要求1所述的导管，其中，所述电极由两个同心并相连的圆柱型套管(23，24)构成，一个是内部的和另一个是外部的，其中至少一个套管的表面是螺旋凹槽的并在与另一套管接触的表面形成可连接至用于传送和返回电极冷却液体的两个管子的至少一个螺旋通道(25)，并且所述套管由诸如导电陶瓷、石墨或类似的材料制成。
CN038065282A 2002-03-20 2003-01-27 具有柔性冷却电极的导管 Pending CN1658803A (zh)

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AT (1) ATE431109T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2003207998A1 (zh)
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CN100518684C (zh) * 2006-06-30 2009-07-29 南京福中信息产业集团有限公司 冷循环微波肿瘤治疗仪
CN102429725A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2012-05-02 四川锦江电子科技有限公司 可喷液电生理电极
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US20050090880A1 (en) 2005-04-28
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