CN1656603A - 形成晶格调谐的半导体衬底 - Google Patents
形成晶格调谐的半导体衬底 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1656603A CN1656603A CNA038122847A CN03812284A CN1656603A CN 1656603 A CN1656603 A CN 1656603A CN A038122847 A CNA038122847 A CN A038122847A CN 03812284 A CN03812284 A CN 03812284A CN 1656603 A CN1656603 A CN 1656603A
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 34
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001451 molecular beam epitaxy Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001803 electron scattering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000603 solid-source molecular beam epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001505 atmospheric-pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000171 gas-source molecular beam epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004518 low pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/20—Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth solid phase epitaxy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B23/00—Single-crystal growth by condensing evaporated or sublimed materials
- C30B23/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/52—Alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02367—Substrates
- H01L21/0237—Materials
- H01L21/02373—Group 14 semiconducting materials
- H01L21/02381—Silicon, silicon germanium, germanium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02436—Intermediate layers between substrates and deposited layers
- H01L21/02439—Materials
- H01L21/02441—Group 14 semiconducting materials
- H01L21/0245—Silicon, silicon germanium, germanium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02436—Intermediate layers between substrates and deposited layers
- H01L21/02494—Structure
- H01L21/02496—Layer structure
- H01L21/02505—Layer structure consisting of more than two layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02436—Intermediate layers between substrates and deposited layers
- H01L21/02494—Structure
- H01L21/02496—Layer structure
- H01L21/0251—Graded layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
- H01L21/02524—Group 14 semiconducting materials
- H01L21/02532—Silicon, silicon germanium, germanium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
- H01L21/02617—Deposition types
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Recrystallisation Techniques (AREA)
Abstract
Description
步骤 | 生长温度(℃) | 锗组分(%) | 厚度(nm) | 退火温度(℃) | 退火时间(min) |
1 | 700 | 0-10 | 200 | - | - |
2 | 700 | 10 | 200 | - | - |
3 | - | - | - | 910 | 30 |
4 | 700-650 | 10-20 | 200 | - | - |
5 | 650 | 20 | 200 | - | - |
6 | - | - | - | 860 | 30 |
7 | 650-600 | 20-30 | 200 | - | - |
8 | 600 | 30 | 200 | - | - |
9 | - | - | - | 810 | 30 |
10 | 600-575 | 30-40 | 200 | - | - |
11 | 575 | 40 | 200 | - | - |
12 | - | - | - | 785 | 30 |
13 | 575-550 | 40-50 | 200 | - | - |
14 | 550 | 50 | 200 | - | - |
15 | - | - | - | 760 | 30 |
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0212616.7 | 2002-05-31 | ||
GBGB0212616.7A GB0212616D0 (en) | 2002-05-31 | 2002-05-31 | Formation of lattice-tuning semiconductor substrates |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1656603A true CN1656603A (zh) | 2005-08-17 |
CN100437905C CN100437905C (zh) | 2008-11-26 |
Family
ID=9937802
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB038122847A Expired - Fee Related CN100437905C (zh) | 2002-05-31 | 2003-05-30 | 形成晶格调谐的半导体衬底 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7214598B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1509949B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2005528795A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20050013563A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100437905C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003251718A1 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB0212616D0 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2003103031A2 (zh) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8115195B2 (en) | 2008-03-20 | 2012-02-14 | Siltronic Ag | Semiconductor wafer with a heteroepitaxial layer and a method for producing the wafer |
CN109887847A (zh) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-14 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | 半导体结构与其制作方法 |
CN109920738A (zh) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-21 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | 半导体结构与其制作方法 |
CN109950153A (zh) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-28 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | 半导体结构与其制作方法 |
Families Citing this family (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004021578A1 (de) | 2003-09-17 | 2005-04-21 | Aixtron Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Abscheidung von ein-oder mehrkomponentigen Schichten und Schichtfolgen unter Verwendung von nicht-kontinuierlicher Injektion von flüssigen und gelösten Ausgangssubstanzen über eine Mehrkanalinjektionseinheit |
WO2006005637A1 (de) * | 2004-07-15 | 2006-01-19 | Aixtron Ag | Verfahren zur abscheidung von silizium und germanium enthaltenden schichten |
US20050132952A1 (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2005-06-23 | Michael Ward | Semiconductor alloy with low surface roughness, and method of making the same |
US7247583B2 (en) | 2004-01-30 | 2007-07-24 | Toshiba Ceramics Co., Ltd. | Manufacturing method for strained silicon wafer |
GB2411047B (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2008-01-02 | Iqe Silicon Compounds Ltd | Compound semiconductor device and method of producing the same |
US7118995B2 (en) | 2004-05-19 | 2006-10-10 | International Business Machines Corporation | Yield improvement in silicon-germanium epitaxial growth |
US7682952B2 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2010-03-23 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Method for forming low defect density alloy graded layers and structure containing such layers |
EP1705697A1 (en) | 2005-03-21 | 2006-09-27 | S.O.I. Tec Silicon on Insulator Technologies S.A. | Composition graded layer structure and method for forming the same |
JP2007036134A (ja) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-08 | Toshiba Corp | 半導体ウェーハ及び半導体装置の製造方法 |
US7902046B2 (en) * | 2005-09-19 | 2011-03-08 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Thin buffer layers for SiGe growth on mismatched substrates |
WO2007053686A2 (en) | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-10 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Monolithically integrated semiconductor materials and devices |
US20070154637A1 (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2007-07-05 | Rohm And Haas Electronic Materials Llc | Organometallic composition |
US8063397B2 (en) | 2006-06-28 | 2011-11-22 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Semiconductor light-emitting structure and graded-composition substrate providing yellow-green light emission |
US20090242989A1 (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-01 | Chan Kevin K | Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor device with embedded stressor |
US8084788B2 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2011-12-27 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method of forming source and drain of a field-effect-transistor and structure thereof |
KR20100064742A (ko) * | 2008-12-05 | 2010-06-15 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 낮은 침투전위 밀도를 갖는 순수 게르마늄 박막 성장법 |
US7902009B2 (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2011-03-08 | Intel Corporation | Graded high germanium compound films for strained semiconductor devices |
US20110070746A1 (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-03-24 | Te-Yin Kao | Method of increasing operation speed and saturated current of semiconductor device and method of reducing site flatness and roughness of surface of semiconductor wafer |
GB2519338A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-04-22 | Nanogan Ltd | Crack-free gallium nitride materials |
KR102259328B1 (ko) | 2014-10-10 | 2021-06-02 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 반도체 장치 및 그 제조 방법 |
US9842900B2 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2017-12-12 | International Business Machines Corporation | Graded buffer layers with lattice matched epitaxial oxide interlayers |
US10801895B2 (en) | 2017-09-07 | 2020-10-13 | Teledyne Scientific & Imaging, Llc | Spectroscopic focal plane array and method of making same |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5256550A (en) | 1988-11-29 | 1993-10-26 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Fabricating a semiconductor device with strained Si1-x Gex layer |
US5221413A (en) | 1991-04-24 | 1993-06-22 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Method for making low defect density semiconductor heterostructure and devices made thereby |
US5442205A (en) | 1991-04-24 | 1995-08-15 | At&T Corp. | Semiconductor heterostructure devices with strained semiconductor layers |
US5461243A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-10-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | Substrate for tensilely strained semiconductor |
US5891769A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1999-04-06 | Motorola, Inc. | Method for forming a semiconductor device having a heteroepitaxial layer |
EP1016129B2 (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 2009-06-10 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Controlling threading dislocation densities using graded layers and planarization |
DE19859429A1 (de) | 1998-12-22 | 2000-06-29 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung epitaktischer Silizium-Germaniumschichten |
EP1214735A1 (en) | 1999-09-20 | 2002-06-19 | Amberwave Systems Corporation | Method of producing relaxed silicon germanium layers |
WO2001054175A1 (en) * | 2000-01-20 | 2001-07-26 | Amberwave Systems Corporation | Low threading dislocation density relaxed mismatched epilayers without high temperature growth |
JP4269541B2 (ja) | 2000-08-01 | 2009-05-27 | 株式会社Sumco | 半導体基板と電界効果型トランジスタ並びにSiGe層の形成方法及びこれを用いた歪みSi層の形成方法と電界効果型トランジスタの製造方法 |
-
2002
- 2002-05-31 GB GBGB0212616.7A patent/GB0212616D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2003
- 2003-05-30 WO PCT/EP2003/050207 patent/WO2003103031A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-05-30 CN CNB038122847A patent/CN100437905C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-30 US US10/514,941 patent/US7214598B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-30 AU AU2003251718A patent/AU2003251718A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-30 KR KR10-2004-7019420A patent/KR20050013563A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-05-30 EP EP03755984A patent/EP1509949B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-30 JP JP2004510018A patent/JP2005528795A/ja active Pending
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8115195B2 (en) | 2008-03-20 | 2012-02-14 | Siltronic Ag | Semiconductor wafer with a heteroepitaxial layer and a method for producing the wafer |
CN109887847A (zh) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-14 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | 半导体结构与其制作方法 |
CN109920738A (zh) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-21 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | 半导体结构与其制作方法 |
CN109950153A (zh) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-28 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | 半导体结构与其制作方法 |
CN109950153B (zh) * | 2019-03-08 | 2022-03-04 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | 半导体结构与其制作方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1509949B1 (en) | 2012-08-22 |
KR20050013563A (ko) | 2005-02-04 |
EP1509949A2 (en) | 2005-03-02 |
JP2005528795A (ja) | 2005-09-22 |
CN100437905C (zh) | 2008-11-26 |
WO2003103031A3 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
WO2003103031A2 (en) | 2003-12-11 |
US7214598B2 (en) | 2007-05-08 |
AU2003251718A1 (en) | 2003-12-19 |
US20050239255A1 (en) | 2005-10-27 |
GB0212616D0 (en) | 2002-07-10 |
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