CN1638946A - 一种塑料复合管材及其装配工艺 - Google Patents

一种塑料复合管材及其装配工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1638946A
CN1638946A CNA038051281A CN03805128A CN1638946A CN 1638946 A CN1638946 A CN 1638946A CN A038051281 A CNA038051281 A CN A038051281A CN 03805128 A CN03805128 A CN 03805128A CN 1638946 A CN1638946 A CN 1638946A
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China
Prior art keywords
band
layer
aforementioned
electromagnetic radiation
plastic
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CNA038051281A
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English (en)
Inventor
P·马茨
F·伯勒肯斯
C·德昂诺
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Solvay SA
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Solvay SA
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Publication of CN1638946A publication Critical patent/CN1638946A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B32B1/08—Tubular products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/02—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material
    • B29C63/04—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like
    • B29C63/08—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like by winding helically
    • B29C63/10—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like by winding helically around tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1435—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1477—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/1483—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier coated on the article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/5326—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73711—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73711—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
    • B29C66/73712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented mono-axially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D23/00—Producing tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
    • F16L9/123—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement with four layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0822—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种使用IR激光辐射熔焊方式装配多层塑料带材的方法，所述带材包括一定向辐射透明层以及一辐射吸收层。使用相同的工艺将前述带材焊接到塑料预成型支撑件上。本发明也涉及通过将所述带材焊接到一塑料芯上生产而成的复合管材。

Description

一种塑料复合管材及其装配工艺
本发明涉及一种通过电磁辐射的方式装配塑料多层带材的工艺。
对于不同的应用，人们经常设法生产一种能改善该组件的构件的机械强度性能的塑料组件。
例如，已知可通过使用熔焊工艺装配定向塑料元件，来生产一种具有高刚性和高机械强度的塑料复合结构。特别地是，可以通过挤压维持在接近其熔点温度的层叠的定向塑料纤维来保持熔融表面部分的紧密接触，从而通过熔焊将其组装。
然而，该工艺执行冗长且难以控制。它实际上仅适用于装配紧凑型塑料元件(专利申请GB-A-2253420)。
也从欧洲专利EP-B1-0904441已知一种由定向塑料制成的两列平行条材生产栅格(grid)的工艺，使两列条材之间成接近90°的角度，使用红外线激光器将对其进行熔焊。每一条材具有双层结构，包括一层对红外线辐射透明的层以及一吸收该辐射的碳黑填充层。
然而，该工艺提供一种保持柔韧性的结构，并不适合生产必须承受压力的中空体。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种没有已知工艺的缺点并适合生产可承压的不渗透中空体的工艺。
本发明的另一目的是简化装配操作中的熔焊工艺。
为此目的，本发明涉及一种装配多层带材的工艺，其包括通过电磁辐射的方式熔焊带材，该带材包括至少一层至少在一个方向定向并对该辐射透明的塑料层，以及至少一层能够部分地吸收由该辐射传输的能量的层，据此，该组件的至少一带材的一个表面被熔焊到一塑料预成型支撑件(plastic performed support)上。
措辞“装配带材的工艺”理解为这样一种工艺，即从其机械性能的角度出发，将支撑件与带材连接到一起，这样它们好像是由单一体形成一样。
根据本发明的工艺涉及多层带材，所述带材由不同成分的至少两层叠加而成。
在该工艺中，该装配操作是将带材彼此熔焊接到一起，然后将带材熔化焊接到预成型支撑件上。术语“熔焊”表示该装配工艺包括使在即将装配的带材表面上浅深度的材料熔融，然后将带材和支撑件用这样的方式挤压到一起，即熔融表面彼此接触从而这些熔融材料相互渗透。
根据本发明，通过用高能量辐射照射即将熔焊的带材表面实现所述熔化。
在根据本发明的工艺中，该高能量辐射是电磁辐射。该照射也可以在带材的每一单独层放置后，在卷绕操作期间，或在后者已经覆盖了管材的整个长度之后执行。也可以在所有的带材层放置完毕后，在卷绕最后的带材的同时进行照射，或相反，在最后的带材层已经覆盖管材的的整个长度后，在单工序中，执行该操作。
根据本发明的工艺，带材材料由一种塑料构成。术语“塑料”理解为包括至少一种合成树脂聚合体的任何材料。
作为塑料，任何类型的热塑性塑料都适合。
术语“热塑性塑料”理解为任何热塑性聚合体，包括热塑性弹性体及其混合物。术语“聚合体”理解为均聚物和共聚物(尤其是二元或三元共聚物)。这种共聚物的非限制性示例是无规共聚物、线性或其它嵌段共聚物以及接枝共聚物。
熔点低于分解温度的任何类型的热塑性聚合体或共聚物都是适合的。熔融范围10℃左右的合成热塑性塑料尤其适合。这种材料的示例为那些具有多分散性分子量的合成热塑性塑料。
特别的是，可以使用聚烯烃类、聚乙烯卤化物、热塑性聚酯、聚酮、聚酰胺类及其共聚物。也可以使用聚合物或共聚物的混合物，如可以是带有无机、有机和/或天然填充物的聚合材料的混合物，例如，碳、盐、和其它无机衍生物，天然或聚合纤维，但不局限于此。
聚烯烃类已经有了好的效果。在聚烯烃类中，优选高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)。
在根据本发明的装配工艺中，使用有多层结构的塑料带材。优选的是，它们包括至少一层定向层。术语“定向层”理解为一塑料层，其中构成该聚合体成分的占重量至少为20％的分子链分布成至少在一相同方向。该定向层可以这样布置在几个不同的方向。该带材的每一个可以包括同时在一个以上方向上定向的层。作为一个变化，该带材也可以包括这样的层，即每一层在单一方向上定向，每一带材的方向都不同。尤其优选的是，带材的定向层在一个并且同样的方向上定向。
根据本发明，在熔焊工艺中所使用的带材的至少一个定向层对电磁辐射透明。术语“透明”表示这样的一层即每克透明层材料吸收不超过100J。
在根据本发明的工艺中所使用带材也包括至少一个可以部分地吸收由电磁辐射传送的能量的层。术语“部分吸收”可以理解为一种每克吸收层材料不少于300J辐射能量的吸收。
根据本发明，组件的至少一带材的一个表面也被熔焊到塑料支撑件上。该支撑件的塑料可以与带材的透明层相同。另一方面，它也可以构成实质上不同于带材透明层的一种塑料。
优选的是，可以采用将带材粘结到一起的同样的电磁辐射熔焊工艺，进行组件的至少一带材的一个表面的熔化焊接。
带材要被熔焊到其上的塑料支撑件是定向或非定向结构并不重要。
优选塑料支撑件的结构是非定向的。
在根据本发明的工艺中可以被熔焊以形成组件的带材的数量可以大范围地变化。通常优选焊接在一起的带材的数量为偶数。特别的是，当至少两个带材熔焊时可以获得有用效果。当至少四个带材熔焊时可以获得尤其有用的效果。尤其是，最多可以有八个带材熔焊到一起。
在实施根据本发明的工艺的优选方法中，所使用的电磁辐射的波长至少为700nm。同样地，优选使用其波长至多为1200nm的电磁辐射。
更优选的是，该电磁辐射为红外辐射。覆盖发射频率整个范围的连续光谱的IR源是合适的，尤其是IR源主要在不被带材的透明层吸收的波长范围内发射。例如，这样的IR源可以是具有非常短的波长的IR源，例如发射区域在1000nm内。
使用激光类型的相干红外辐射可以获得最好的效果。这种辐射源的示例可以是二极管激光器和Nd:YAG(掺钕铝酸钇石榴石)激光器。
根据实施根据本发明工艺的一个尤其有利的方法，带材缠绕管状支撑件并被熔焊。通过该装配工艺可获得这样的效果，即由至少一层定向塑料带材将管增强。
该管状支撑架通常由塑料制成。该塑料的种类从与带材吸收层的塑料熔焊相容的塑料中选择。优点是非定向的塑料可以被选用作管状支撑件。
在根据本发明的工艺中，可以吸收辐射的材料的种类是非常多的。可以从易于与被加入吸收层中的塑料结合的成分中选择。使用碳黑可以获得好的效果。优选的是，电磁辐射不是全部被吸收。此外，必须考虑足以发热的吸收值。实际上，每克吸收层材料至少300J的吸收级有好的效果。
与上面所描述的实施方法相符的实施根据本发明工艺的一个有利方法，在于生产一种外表面上缠绕并熔焊带材的管材，所述带材与管材成40到70°缠绕。当该角度接近55°时可以获得优良的效果。可进一步安排粘结到将与最近的带材交叉的前一带材上的带材的每一厚度。实际上，当管材方向的角度与在先带材的厚度方向的角度相反时可以获得好的效果。
本发明也涉及一种塑料复合管材，其包括一非定向塑料芯，在所述塑料芯中，多层带材的至少两个毗邻层被熔焊，所述带材被缠绕并粘结到一起，据此，每一带材的至少一层由对电磁辐射透明并在至少一方向定向的塑料形成，并且每一带材的至少另一层包括吸收这种电磁辐射的材料。
优选的是，邻近厚度的带材相交叉，也就是说它们这样地布置，使它们之间的角度范围为从80到140°。
在根据本发明工艺的情况下定义的上述特殊术语，对于复合管材有同样的含义。上面所描述的实施该工艺的各种可选方法，可以应用到根据本发明的复合管材上。
优选地是，包括吸收材料的带材的层以与透明层同样的方式定向。该定向可完全独立于透明层的定向，或可以优选吸收层以与透明层相同的方向定向。
在根据本发明的管材的一个特殊实施例中，其包括这种带材，该带材由放在两薄层之间的透明定向材料的单一层组成，所述薄层包括与透明层一样在同样方向定向的相同塑料，并进一步包括吸收该辐射的材料。在该实施例中，每一带材的透明层有利地是以每克透明层材料吸收不超过100J的标准，吸收700到1200nm波长范围的电磁辐射。
为说明本发明，给出下述示例，但并不局限于此。
首先通过一宽为400mm且带有一高为5mm的开口的平模，共挤压生产一双层带材，该平模通过一连接到两挤压机上的半月形进料块(feedblock)供料，第一挤压机直径为60mm，带有一开槽筒以及一屏障型挤出螺杆，该屏障型挤出螺杆以50rpm旋转，并以50kg/h的速度从Solvay Polyolefin Epurope生产的商标为ELTEXPE100TUB121生产出高密度聚乙烯，所述树脂与用于透明层的商用树脂相同，只是不带色素，第二挤压机直径为30mm，装配有一以10rpm旋转的聚烯烃螺杆，并以0.5kg/h的速度生产出用于吸收层的树脂。在第二挤压机中所使用的用于吸收层的树脂是含有碳黑填充剂的商业树脂ELTEXPE100TUB121。
从该模具中出来的双层板随即通过50℃的光滑轧光机，并通过以下操作，在115℃的加热条件下转变为定向带材，所述操作是通过一组6个调节辊，接着两次相继经过拉伸车经受拉伸操作，这些辊以递增的速度旋转(在第一工序中的拉伸为680％，在第二工序中为30％)。然后定向带材被冷却并在纵向经受大约10％的轻微收缩。
然后用这样的方式，将该定向带材手工缠绕到由ELTEXPE100TUB121高密度聚乙烯制造的、外径为50mm、壁厚为3.2mm的管状芯上，所述方式是将带材相对于管材的轴线以+55°和-55°的角度交叉地缠绕相继两层，碳黑填充层面向该管材。
接着，带材卷绕覆盖整个管材的外表面，在这之后通过商标为COHERENT的、功率为30W、波长为800nm的二极管激光源，扫描承载着卷绕的带材的该管材的整个表面以将带材两两熔焊，同时将带材熔焊到管材上，光束直径是8毫米。在激光束中熔焊的线速度和管材前进的线速度是0.72m/min。
然后将所获得的管材的耐内压强度与没有经过激光辐射的熔焊带材最后操作的同样的管材的耐内压强度相比较。以下是所获得的结果：
   熔焊带材 放置的带材(未经过熔化焊接)
 耐内压强度(bar)      120              80
可以看出熔化焊接的带材耐内压强度增加了50％。
由于通过熔焊带材获得的管材由单一类型的树脂构成，包括部分的碳黑，通常可以将加工废料回收，用于管子芯材的加工工序中。

Claims (10)

1、装配多层带材的工艺，其包括通过电磁辐射熔焊带材，所述带材包括至少一层在至少一个方向上定向并对该辐射透明的塑料层，以及至少一层可以部分地吸收由该辐射传输的能量的层，其特征在于，所述组件的至少一带材的一个面熔焊到一塑料预成型支撑件上。
2、根据前述权利要求所述的工艺，其特征在于，至少两个带材被熔焊。
3、根据前述权利要求之一所述的工艺，其特征在于，所述带材的塑料的至少一层是在单一方向定向的。
4、根据前述权利要求任一所述的工艺，其特征在于，所述电磁辐射的波长范围从700到1200nm。
5、根据前述权利要求任一所述的工艺，其特征在于，所述电磁辐射是激光辐射。
6、根据前述权利要求任一所述的工艺，其特征在于，所述塑料预成型支撑件是一未定向塑料管形支撑件。
7、根据前述权利要求任一所述的工艺，其特征在于，可吸收所述电磁辐射的材料是碳黑。
8、包括一未定向塑料芯的塑料复合管材，其中多层带材的至少两个毗邻层被熔焊到所述塑料芯上，所述带材被卷绕并粘结到一起，其特征在于，每一带材的至少一层由对所述电磁辐射透明并在至少一方向定向的塑料构成，以及每一带材至少另一层包含一种可以吸收该电磁辐射的材料。
9、根据前述权利要求所述的管材，其特征在于，包括吸收材料的所述层也是定向的。
10、根据前述权利要求的管材，其特征在于，所述带材是这样构成的，一层对波长范围在700到1200nm之间的电磁辐射透明的定向材料放在两薄层之间，所述薄层包括与透明层一样方向定向的同样的塑料以及包括一种吸收该辐射的材料。
CNA038051281A 2002-03-04 2003-02-28 一种塑料复合管材及其装配工艺 Pending CN1638946A (zh)

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