CN1589201A - 易开封容器用包装材料 - Google Patents

易开封容器用包装材料 Download PDF

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CN1589201A
CN1589201A CNA028230973A CN02823097A CN1589201A CN 1589201 A CN1589201 A CN 1589201A CN A028230973 A CNA028230973 A CN A028230973A CN 02823097 A CN02823097 A CN 02823097A CN 1589201 A CN1589201 A CN 1589201A
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polyethylene
packing
inorganic filler
phyllosilicate
powder
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池之谷正克
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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Abstract

一种层合的包括纸或包含无机填充剂的聚烯烃作为芯材的包装材料，特征在于该包装材料的最内层含有用茂金属催化剂生产的线形低密度聚乙烯和粉末无机填充剂。粉末无机填充剂优选是均匀分散在聚乙烯中的微层硅酸盐，更优选在聚乙烯中含有0.1－10重量％平均粒径为1－80微米的层状硅酸盐，并且聚乙烯中不含颗粒尺寸超过300微米的硅酸盐，硅酸盐以50埃或更大的层间距基本上均匀地分散。该包装材料具有较高的密封性和较高的强度，而且可开封性良好。

Description

易开封容器用包装材料
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于易开封的容器的包装材料，特别更详细的涉及一种用于具有较高密封性、较高强度并且易开封的容器的包装材料。
背景技术
用于多种多样的包装材料的纸和含无机填充剂的聚烯烃通常用作芯材。为了保护芯材和装入物，使用一种含有芯材和例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酯、聚氯乙烯等的塑料膜的层合材料。
为了取出容器中的装入物，破坏已装入物品的由层合包装材料形成的容器的小孔被称为开型法。
通过使用茂金属催化剂生产的线形低密度聚乙烯(本文此后称作“mLLDPE”)薄膜具有优良的密封特征和较高的强度，其用于与装入物接触的最内层，装入物用包装材料包装，用开型法取出。
然而由具有mLLDPE薄膜的包装材料形成的容器的缺点是可开封性差。如果使用薄的mLLDPE膜，可开封性得到改善但实际应用中强度劣化。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供由层合物组成的包装材料，该层合物有利用茂金属催化剂生产的线形低密度聚乙烯的最内层，该包装材料具有较高的密封特征，较高的强度和优良的可开封性。
为了改善上述问题，通过研究发明人发现层合包装材料的最内层应含利用茂金属催化剂生产的线形低密度聚乙烯和粉末无机填充剂，这样完成了发明。
本发明的主题是包装材料，其特征在于具有纸或包含无机填充剂的聚烯烃为芯材的层合包装材料，其最内层含利用茂金属催化剂生产的线形低密度聚乙烯和粉末无机填充剂。
在本发明的优选实施方案中，粉末无机填充剂的特征为包括一种或多于一种选自碳酸钙、粘土和沸石的填充材料。
在本发明的优选实施方案中，粘土选自高岭土、蒙脱土和云母。
在本发明的优选实施方案中，粉末无机填充剂是基本上均匀地分散在聚乙烯中的页硅酸盐。
页硅酸盐基本上均匀地以50埃或50埃以上的层间距离分散。
本发明的最佳实施方式
作为本发明包装材料的芯材的纸的类型是重量在50-350g/m2的中性纸。
作为本发明包装材料的芯材的含有无机填充剂的聚烯烃层是在例如专利JP B 2848635说明书中提到的材料。
聚烯烃包括上述专利说明书中提到的聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁烯-1。特别优选聚丙烯。聚丙烯包括丙烯均聚物、丙烯-乙烯共聚物。熔体流动速率(MFR)为0.5-5g/10分钟(ASTMD1238；2.16kg，230℃)的聚丙烯特别合适。无机填充剂包括云母、滑石和例如硫酸钙和碳酸钙的钙盐。含量大约为50-80％(重量)。
包含无机填充剂的聚烯烃层的厚度是100-400μm，各层厚度优选为50-200μm。可以使用优选厚度为120-180μm的层合物。两层的无机填充剂是相同的填充剂，或者优选是不同的填充剂。
另外，如果是层合的情况，在各层的中间层可以使用具有相同厚度的或者更薄的形成层。含有两层结构的层合物和具有中间层的层合物优选通过同时挤出成型法生产。
本发明的包装材料的最内层由mLLDPE和粉末无机填充剂组成。
另外，在本发明的包装材料中，当使用了包装材料并且包装材料包裹了装入物时，接触装入物一面的层称为内层。另一面的称为外层。
mLLDPE的分子量分布窄，重均分子量/数均分子量的比值在2-4。优选密度是0.900-0.925g/cm3，更优选密度是0.900-0.915g/cm3。优选的熔体流动指数(MFI：190℃，负荷2.16kg)是10-20g/10分钟。
mLLDPE优选利用茂金属催化剂，将乙烯和具有4-8个碳的α-烯烃，优选多于6个碳的α-烯烃，例如1-己烯、4-甲基-1-戊烯、1-庚烯、1-辛烯等的共聚单体通过共聚作用生产。
上述茂金属催化剂是夹层结构的茂金属络合物，夹层结构是例如钛、锆、铪的过渡金属与含π电子的环戊二烯基或取代的环戊二烯基的不饱和环状化合物和，例如烷基铝氧烷、烷基铝、卤化铝和烷基卤化铝的铝化合物助催化剂形成的夹层结构。
粉末无机填充剂包含一种或不少于2种的选自碳酸钙、粘土和沸石的填充剂。特别优选高岭土和蒙脱土。沸石包括天然沸石和合成沸石。
无机填充剂优选包括平均粒径为1-5μm的碳酸钙；优选平均粒径小于1μm，优选1-900nm，特别优选100-800nm的粘土；和平均粒径为1-5μm的优选的沸石。
填充剂的含量是1-50重量％，优选5-20重量％。含有mLLDPE和粉末无机填充剂的最内层的厚度优选5-30μm。
本发明的包装材料具有上述的芯材和上述的最内层。在本发明的包装材料中，在芯材和最内层之间可以排列一个或多于一个的其它层。其它层包括热塑性树脂层、隔离层、粘合层等等。热塑性树脂包括聚烯烃、聚酰胺、聚酯、聚氯乙烯等等。聚烯烃包括聚乙烯、聚丙烯、乙丙橡胶、聚丁烯-1等。聚酰胺包括尼龙6、尼龙6-6、尼龙-11、尼龙-12等。聚酯包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯等。特别优选聚烯烃。聚乙烯任选包括高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、线形低密度聚乙烯、mLLDPE等等。热塑性树脂层具有一层或多层。如果是热塑性树脂层的层数多于一个，则各个层可以是相同的或者是不同的层。
隔离层包括与隔离相关的材料或包含与隔离相关的材料的多层结构材料。与隔离相关的材料包含铝箔、二氧化硅气相沉积的聚邻苯二甲酸乙二酯、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物、聚酰胺树脂等。包含与隔离相关的材料的多层结构包括聚乙烯薄膜/铝箔、粘性聚乙烯/二氧化硅气相沉积的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯双轴拉伸薄膜(/胶)、聚乙烯薄膜/胶粘剂/乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物薄膜/胶粘剂、聚酰胺树脂膜/胶粘剂等。
粘合层包括例如丙烯酸树脂胶、改性聚烯烃胶、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚酰胺胶粘剂、环氧树脂胶粘剂等等。丙烯酸树脂胶粘剂包括丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸或它们的烷基酯的聚合物及它们的共聚物等。改性聚烯烃胶粘剂通过在有机过氧化物存在的情况下将聚乙烯、聚丙烯与不饱和羧酸如衣康酸、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、马来酸、马来酸酐、富马酸或其酸酐接枝聚合获得。
芯材和最内层之间排列的其它层如果是热塑性树脂层，则厚度通常是5-200μm；如果是隔离层，则厚度通常是5-25μm；如果是粘合层，则厚度通常是5-30μm。
本发明的包装材料在芯材外面可以具有一个或多个其它层。其它层优选热塑性树脂层。热塑性树脂选自上述的热塑性树脂，例如聚烯烃，特别合乎需要的是聚乙烯。聚乙烯包括高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、线形低密度聚乙烯、mLLDPE，优选低密度聚乙烯和线形低密度聚乙烯。热塑性树脂层的厚度通常是5-200μm。
在本发明的优选实施方案中，上述粉末无机填充剂是基本上均匀地分散在上述聚乙烯中的粉末页硅酸盐。优选的平均粒径是1-80微米。在聚乙烯中含有0.1-10％(重量)的页硅酸盐，不包括颗粒尺寸超过300微米的页硅酸盐。页硅酸盐充分地并且均匀地以超过50埃的层间距离分散。
例如，页硅酸盐原料包括由硅酸镁或硅酸铝层组成的层状页硅酸盐矿物质。原材料包括高岭土、叙永石、纤蛇纹石、蒙脱土、锂蒙脱石、氟锂蒙脱石、蒙脱石、蛭石、白云母、云母、氟白云母、膨胀合成云母、膨胀合成氟云母、珍珠云母、叶蜡石、滑石、亚氯酸盐。从表观、产品着色和气体阻透性看，蒙脱石、锂蒙脱石、氟锂蒙脱石和膨胀性合成氟云母合乎需要。
本发明的优选实施方案中可以使用在层之间含有金属离子(例如选自Ag、Zn、Co、Cd和Cu的金属离子，Na、K、Li和钙除外)或其金属化合物的页硅酸盐(粘土矿物)。这些页硅酸盐对各种微生物，例如绿脓杆菌、大肠杆菌和金色葡萄球菌具有显著的抗菌性。因此，含这些页硅酸盐的包装用层合材料还被给予了抗菌的性能。
选择混合页硅酸盐的量可以根据为了改善的作用，例如对于聚烯烃保留的氧隔离性、对应力、变味和质量的持久性进行考虑，从而适当地变化。
在均匀地将页硅酸盐分散到聚乙烯中的方法中，为了容易地粉碎层合物和进行分散，首先是选择和制备容易在水中溶胀的天然或合成页硅酸盐材料。这些页硅酸盐原料用最低量的水就会溶胀。加入水的量是在后面的捏合步骤中容易分离成层的量。为了阻止水起泡沫和页硅酸盐脱落，这些水溶胀的原料和聚烯烃被装入挤出机(优选双螺杆挤出机)并在捏合条件(温度，真空度)下捏合。通过该捏合步骤获得了含有均匀分散在聚烯烃中的粉末页硅酸盐的树脂组合物。
本发明的包装材料是层合的。作为层合的方法，可以使用任何通过利用粘合剂的方法，用热熔化层的方法，通过使用同时挤出成层的方法，前述方法的结合以及制备层合物的常规方法。
本发明包装材料可以形成砖块形容器、用于牛奶等的顶端山形容器、滚筒形容器、棱镜形容器、盒形容器和常规的普通形状的容器。
实施例
通过下面的实施例详细地描述本发明
(实施例1)
90重量份MFI：16g/10分钟，SR 1.5并且用差热分析得到的高熔融温度98℃的mLLDPE和10重量份平均粒径3μm的碳酸钙粉末混合，得到了其混合物。形成薄膜(25μm)。低密度聚乙烯薄膜(15μm)具有密度：0.915g/cm3和MFI：8g/10分钟，牛皮纸(重量220g/m2)，低密度聚乙烯薄膜和含有碳酸钙粉末的mLLDPE薄膜按顺序热胶合，这样制备了本发明的包装材料。
(实施例2)
与实施例1相同，只是使用实施例1所用的90重量份mLLDPE和10重量份平均粒径100nm的高岭土获得混合物。形成薄膜(25μm)。实施例1所用的低密度聚乙烯薄膜，牛皮纸，实施例1所用的低密度聚乙烯薄膜，铝箔(15μm)，用马来酸酐接枝到聚丙烯而改性的聚烯烃粘合层(15μm)和含有超细粉高岭土的mLLDPE膜按顺序热胶合，这样制备了本发明的包装材料。
(实施例3)
与实施例1相同，只是使用平均粒径5μm的合成沸石(Toyo SodaMfg.公司制造，商标名称：TSZ500)代替高岭土获得混合物。形成这种薄膜(25μm)。与实施例1相同，制备本发明的包装材料，只是含有合成沸石粉末的mLLDPE薄膜代替实施例1所用的含有碳酸钙粉末的mLLDPE薄膜。
(参比实施例)
与实施例1相同，只是用实施例1所用的mLLDPE薄膜(25μm)代替含有碳酸钙粉末和mLLDPE的混合物的薄膜生产包装材料。使用实施例1-3和参比实施例生产的包装材料，制造容积200ml的砖块型液体食品容器。容器中装满水，然后封闭。用下列几点评价容器的物理性质，其结果显示在表1中。
(容器强度)
测试容器的破裂是通过将充满水的容器从1.5m高度两次自由落下(在站立的位置)到不锈钢盘子上。每一种测试10个容器。
(密封性)
切掉容器顶部和底部的封闭部分。以300m/分钟的速度沿180度方向撕开封闭部分，此时测定剥离强度。下表1的数据是每种的五个容器的平均值。
(可开封性)
根据日本工业标准JIS Z7128。
(表1)
                 实施例     参比实施例
    1     2     3
  容器强度/容器个数     0/10     0/10     0/10     0/10
  密封性(N/15mm)     21.6     20.6     21.6     22.5
  可开封性(N)     2.4     2.5     2.7     3.8
根据表1的结果，与参比实施例中的普通包装材料生产的容器比较，本发明的包装材料制造的容器在可开封性方面更加优越。本发明的容器显示出较高的强度而密封性与用参比实施例中普通的包装材料制造的容器一样。
优点
本发明显示了下列效果，通过实施例得到了证明。用本发明的包装材料制造的容器在强度和密封性上显示了良好的容器特征，并且显示了容易打开的效果。
工业实用性
本发明的包装材料可用于包装包括牛奶、果汁、清酒、蒸馏酒、矿泉水及其它饮料的液体食品。

Claims (5)

1.一种包装材料，包含包装材料的一个最内层，所述包装材料包含层合物，层合物包括纸或包含无机填充剂的聚烯烃作为芯材，最内层含有用茂金属催化剂生产的线形低密度聚乙烯和粉末无机填充剂。
2.权利要求1所述的包装材料，其中粉末无机填充剂包含一种或多种选自碳酸钙、粘土和沸石的填充剂。
3.权利要求1所述的包装材料，其中粘土选自高岭土、蒙脱土和云母。
4.权利要求1所述的包装材料，其中粉末无机填充剂是均匀地分散在聚乙烯中的粉末页硅酸盐。
5.权利要求1所述的包装材料，其中在聚乙烯中含有0.1-10重量％平均粒径为1-80微米的页硅酸盐，并且聚乙烯中不含颗粒尺寸超过300微米的页硅酸盐，页硅酸盐以50埃或更大的层间距基本上均匀地分散。
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