CN1583658A - Underglazed color porcelain and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

An enameled color ceramic is prepared from pigment and white ceramic earth prepared from kaolin, porcelain stone, quartz, feldspar, Li-containeld mineral and mineralizing agent through enameling, calcining, and baking, A color ceramic without enamel is also disclosed.

Description

Faience and preparation method thereof in the coloured glaze

Technical field

The present invention relates to the composition is the ceramic products preparation method of feature, especially relates to faience and preparation method thereof in a kind of coloured glaze.

Background technology

General household china, porcelain body is white basically, just owing to exist a certain amount of coloring oxide in the raw mineral materials such as ferric oxide, titanium oxide etc., cause the porcelain body after burning till, as nude steatite ceramic, quartz enriched porcelain and middle temperature porcelain etc., always have light-yellow tinge attractive in appearance inadequately in the white, need in tire mud, add very a spot of coloring oxide or toner, make it present comparatively soft tone.Also have a kind of yellow porcelain body, be in base mud, added different sorts and different quantities yellow agent as the yellow material of 3.7% vanadium zirconium, glaze is the calcium carbonate raw glaze, base and glaze are simultaneously through high temperature 1310-1330 ℃ temperature once-firing.As for of common occurrence on the market be the Jing Dezhen tradition coloured glaze product that burns till with reducing flame high temperature mostly, and other produces porcelain district in recent years with cryogenic 1180-1270 in the oxydizing flame ℃ of coloured glaze product of firing, and no longer decorates on the glaze.What have just imposes on same the product with two or more color glaze, simply decorates, with the raising decorative effect.

Summary of the invention

Domestic ceramics had both needed practicality, also needed artistry simultaneously.Along with the transformation of people's consumption idea, trend towards personalization more.The present invention seeks to remedy the defective of prior art, in base mud, add and contain lithium minerals and mineralizer, propose that a kind of porcelain temperature is low, excellent property, use health, decorative effect uniqueness, rich color and glaze have faience in the coloured glaze that in-glaze decoration not leaded, quantity of cadmium release decorates, the component and the weight percent content that comprise white porcelain mud, color biscuit, another purpose of the present invention are the color mud ceramic that proposes to have with above-mentioned white porcelain mud, color biscuit preparation multiple color and lusters such as Huang, orange, light green, violet, the method for color glaze porcelain.

Purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting following technical scheme:

The ceramic pigment of supply is arranged on the domestic and international market at present, and major part can only be used for the temperature below 1250 ℃, and oxidizing atmosphere is burnt till.In order to make the very abundant colored porcelain of color, one of gordian technique of the present invention be prepare can be under this firing condition colory porcelain mud.

White porcelain mud prescription of the present invention is on the basis of general porcelain mud prescription, adds a kind of Lithium Oxide 98min Li ₂O content contains lithium minerals and an amount of mineralizer such as calcite, rhombspar, talcum, Wingdale 1.0-2.0%'s.Making its porcelain temperature is 1150-1250 ℃, and suitable oxidizing atmosphere burns till, and can add the colorant of various colors in this white porcelain mud, makes color biscuit.

This white porcelain mud is characterized in that:

Component and weight percent content be respectively,

Kaolin 18.38-64.52%;

Porcelain stone 7.35-40.32%;

Quartzy 0.00-17.54%;

Feldspar 0.00-29.85%;

Lithium Oxide 98min Li ₂O content contains lithium minerals 9.01-57.47% 1.0-2.0%'s;

Mineralizer 1.36-11.77%;

The porcelain temperature is 1150-1250 ℃.

This color biscuit is characterized in that:

Add the colorant of various colors in above-mentioned white porcelain mud, component and weight percent content are respectively:

Kaolin 17.61-64.00%;

Porcelain stone 7.04-40.00%;

Quartzy 0.00-17.39%;

Feldspar 0.00 29.63%;

Lithium Oxide 98min Li ₂O content contains lithium minerals 8.55-57.14% 1.0-2.0%'s;

Mineralizer 1.31-11.65%;

Colorant 0.33-11.32%;

The porcelain temperature is 1150-1250 ℃.

Another purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting following technical scheme:

The preparation method of this color mud ceramic is characterized in that following operation is arranged successively:

With the various hard block material in the white porcelain mud component, through clean, thick pure, in broken back feed intake in small, broken bits in ball mill by the weight percent content of setting.Fineness tails over less than 0.2-0.4% to the 240-260 mesh sieve and puts into stock tank, and with the powder that reaches this fineness in the component by the weight percent content of setting feed intake what this change homogenizing in stock tank, with the deironing of sieving for twice of 160-200 mesh sieve, add required colorant homogenizing by the weight percent content of setting then, in filtering equipment, it is the mud cake of 24-25% that slurry press-filtering dehydration is become water content again.Part mud cake is slightly experienced, concise in vacuum deairing machine, but makes the plasticine bar, and is standby for roll forming.Another part mud cake in changing stock tank, with total amount be the liquefactent hybridization slurries such as Sodium salts humic acids, water glass of 0.3-0.7%, cross the 110-130 mesh sieve, make grout material, standby for injection forming.

The preparation method of color glaze porcelain and the preparation method's of color mud ceramic difference is not add colorant, few homogenization process, it is characterized in that following operation is arranged successively:

With the various hard block material in the white porcelain mud component, through clean, thick pure, in broken back feed intake in small, broken bits in ball mill by the weight percent content of setting.Fineness tails over less than 0.2-0.4% to the 240-260 mesh sieve and puts into stock tank, and with the powder that reaches this fineness in the component by the weight percent content of setting feed intake what this change homogenizing in stock tank, with the deironing of sieving for twice of 160-200 mesh sieve, in filtering equipment, it is the mud cake of 24-25% that slurry press-filtering dehydration is become water content again.Part mud cake is slightly experienced, concise in vacuum deairing machine, but makes the plasticine bar, and is standby for roll forming.Another part mud cake in changing stock tank, with total amount be the liquefactent hybridization slurries such as Sodium salts humic acids, water glass of 0.3-0.7%, cross the 110-130 mesh sieve, make grout material, standby for injection forming.

The forming method of color mud ceramic of the present invention and color glaze porcelain is identical with general household china.

Glazing of the present invention and firing process adopt unique trailing, and be different with general porcelain.

The glazing of this color mud ceramic and process for calcining is characterized in that following operation is arranged successively:

Earlier with color mud ceramic through the biscuiting of 1150-1250 oxidizing atmosphere, the sintering porcelain changes into water-intake rate less than 0.4-0.6%, then through pick, salable product are executed the glaze of the approximate glass of transparency with the method for being stained with glaze or glaze spraying, 6 hours with interior again through 1100-1200 ℃ of oxidizing atmosphere glaze firing, make the color biscuit product, on its glaze, paste the in-glaze decoration marble paper again, finished color roasting through 1080-1140 ℃ of oxidizing atmosphere at 4 hours again with interior, after pick, mill foot are end product.

The glazing of color glaze porcelain and process for calcining is characterized in that following operation is arranged successively:

Execute the glaze of various colors with the method for being stained with glaze or glaze spraying, with the base of color glaze porcelain, glaze simultaneously at 8-10 hour through 1150-1250 ℃ of oxidizing atmosphere once-firing, make color glaze porcelain work in-process, then through pick, salable product paste the in-glaze decoration marble paper again on glaze, finish color roasting at 4-5 hour through 1100-1160 ℃ of oxidizing atmosphere, again through pick, mill foot, be end product at last.

The present invention's beneficial effect against existing technologies is: novel, the component and the weight percent content of white porcelain mud can adapt to burning till of most ceramic colors, the porcelain temperature is 1150-1250 ℃, and the color of color biscuit is very bright-coloured, abundant, good decorating effect.The present invention has adopted unique trailing, applies in-glaze decoration and decorate on the chromatic ceramics product, make product performance good, use health, decorative effect uniqueness, riotous with colour, and glaze is not leaded, quantity of cadmium release.The coloured background of the outward appearance of color mud ceramic and color glaze porcelain has the decoration of picture, pattern again, and more intensive artistic feeling of product is given in the variation of decorative form.

Embodiment:

The present invention will be described below in conjunction with embodiment.

Embodiment 1:

The component of orange porcelain base mud and weight percent content are as follows respectively:

Kaolin 30%;

Porcelain stone 12%;

Quartzy 5%;

Feldspar 0%;

Lithium Oxide 98min Li ₂O content contains lithium minerals 46% 1.0-2.0%'s;

Mineralizer: rhombspar 1%;

Mineralizer: talcum 3%;

Parcel is yellow, red stain 3%.

Chemical Composition is as follows:

SiO ₂ Al ₂O ₃?Fe ₂O CaO MgO K ₂O

65.4 21.50 0.25 0.64 1.15 2.03

Na ₂O Li ₂O loss on ignition total amount

0.78 0.75 7.46 100.05

Blank preparation technology behind the moulding repaired biscuit, burns till with 1200 ℃ of oxidizing atmospheres in shuttle kiln as previously mentioned, executes transparent.

The glaze Chemical Composition is as follows:

SiO ₂ Al ₂O ₃?Fe ₂O ₃?CaO MgO K ₂O

51.35 9.07 0.08 9.24 3.65 3.45

Na ₂O B ₂O ₃ZnO SrO BaO total amount

1.37 11.07 4.9 0.89 3.88 99.95

Wherein borate is introduced in the glaze with the form of frit.

The glazing product is finished glaze firing in 1170 ℃ of oxidizing atmospheres, firing time is 5 hours, pastes the in-glaze decoration marble paper then on the glaze, finishes color roasting in 1120 ℃ of oxidizing atmospheres, and the color roasting time is 2.5 hours, promptly becomes faience in the orange slip.

Embodiment 2:

Lemon yellow vitreous enamel base mud component and weight percent content are as follows:

Kaolin 30.0%;

Porcelain stone 12.0%;

Quartzy 5.0%;

Feldspar 0.0%;

Lithium Oxide 98min Li ₂O content contains lithium minerals 44.5% 1.0-2.0%'s;

Mineralizer: rhombspar 1%;

Mineralizer: talcum 3%;

Praseodymium yellow toner 4.5%.

Behind the moulding repaired biscuit, i.e. glazing.

The glaze Chemical Composition is as follows:

SiO ₂ Al ₂O ₃?Fe ₂O ₃ CaO MgO K ₂O

64.97 12.37 0.3 11.24 1.31 4.22

Na ₂O ZnO BaO total amount

1.24 1.90 2.3 99.85

The glazing base substrate is in shuttle kiln, and with 1200 ℃ of oxidizing atmospheres, base, glaze be once-firing simultaneously, pastes the in-glaze decoration marble paper then on the glaze, finishes color roasting with 1140 ℃ of oxidizing atmospheres, promptly becomes praseodymium yellow color glaze in-glaze decoration porcelain.

Above content is in conjunction with two concrete preferred implementations, to the detailed description that the present invention did, can not assert that preparation method of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For this person of an ordinary skill in the technical field, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some changes and improvements, all should be considered as belonging to the definite scope of patent protection of submitting to by the present invention of claims.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of white porcelain mud is characterized in that:

Component and weight percent content be respectively,

Kaolin 18.38-64.52%;

Porcelain stone 7.35-40.32%;

Quartzy 0.00-17.54%;

Feldspar 0.00-29.85%;

Lithium Oxide 98min Li ₂O content contains lithium minerals 9.01-57.47% 1.0-2.0%'s;

Mineralizer 1.36-11.77%;

The porcelain temperature is 1150-1250 ℃.

2, a kind of color biscuit is characterized in that:

Component and weight percent content be respectively,

Kaolin 17.61-64.00%;

Porcelain stone 7.04-40.00%;

Quartzy 0.00-17.39%;

Feldspar 0.00-29.63%;

Lithium Oxide 98min Li ₂O content contains lithium minerals 8.55-57.14% 1.0-2.0%'s;

Mineralizer 1.31-11.65%;

Colorant 0.33-11.32%;

The porcelain temperature is 1150-1250 ℃.

3, a kind of preparation method of color mud ceramic is characterized in that following operation is arranged successively:

(1) with the various hard block material in the white porcelain mud component, through clean, thick pure, in broken back feed intake in small, broken bits in ball mill by the weight percent content of setting.Fineness tails over less than 0.2-0.4% to the 240-260 mesh sieve and puts into stock tank, and with the powder that reaches this fineness in the component by the weight percent content of setting feed intake what this change homogenizing in stock tank, with the deironing of sieving for twice of 160-200 mesh sieve, add required colorant homogenizing by the weight percent content of setting then, in filtering equipment, it is the mud cake of 24-25% that slurry press-filtering dehydration is become water content again.Part mud cake is slightly experienced, concise in vacuum deairing machine, but makes the plasticine bar, and is standby for roll forming.Another part mud cake in changing stock tank, with total amount be the liquefactent hybridization slurries such as Sodium salts humic acids, water glass of 0.3-0.7%, cross the 110-130 mesh sieve, make grout material, standby for injection forming.

(2) forming method is identical with general household china;

(3) glazing and process for calcining have following operation successively:

Earlier with color mud ceramic through 1150-1250 ℃ of oxidizing atmosphere biscuiting, the sintering porcelain changes into water-intake rate less than 0.4-0.6%, then through pick, salable product are executed the glaze of the approximate glass of transparency with the method for being stained with glaze or glaze spraying, 6 hours with interior again through 1100-1200 ℃ of oxidizing atmosphere glaze firing, make the color biscuit product, on its glaze, paste the in-glaze decoration marble paper again, finished color roasting through 1080-1140 ℃ of oxidizing atmosphere at 4 hours again with interior, after pick, mill foot are end product.

4, a kind of preparation method of color glaze porcelain is characterized in that following operation is arranged successively:

(1) with the various hard block material in the white porcelain mud component, through clean, thick pure, in broken back feed intake in small, broken bits in ball mill by the weight percent content of setting.Fineness tails over less than 0.2-0.4% to the 240-260 mesh sieve and puts into stock tank, and with the powder that reaches this fineness in the component by the weight percent content of setting feed intake what this change homogenizing in stock tank, with the deironing of sieving for twice of 160-200 mesh sieve, in filtering equipment, it is the mud cake of 24-25% that slurry press-filtering dehydration is become water content again.Part mud cake is slightly experienced, concise in vacuum deairing machine, but makes the plasticine bar, and is standby for roll forming.Another part mud cake in changing stock tank, with total amount be the liquefactent hybridization slurries such as Sodium salts humic acids, water glass of 0.3-0.7%, cross the 110-130 mesh sieve, make grout material, standby for injection forming.

(2) forming method is identical with general household china;

(3) glazing and process for calcining have following operation successively:

Execute the glaze of various colors with the method for being stained with glaze or glaze spraying, with the base of color glaze porcelain, glaze simultaneously at 8-10 hour through 1150-1250 ℃ of oxidizing atmosphere once-firing, make color glaze porcelain work in-process, then through pick, salable product paste the in-glaze decoration marble paper again on glaze, finish color roasting at 4-5 hour through 1100-1160 ℃ of oxidizing atmosphere, again through pick, mill foot, be end product at last.