CN111635256A - Firing process of gold in high-temperature glaze - Google Patents
Firing process of gold in high-temperature glaze Download PDFInfo
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- CN111635256A CN111635256A CN202010548215.2A CN202010548215A CN111635256A CN 111635256 A CN111635256 A CN 111635256A CN 202010548215 A CN202010548215 A CN 202010548215A CN 111635256 A CN111635256 A CN 111635256A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/24—Manufacture of porcelain or white ware
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/32—Burning methods
- C04B33/34—Burning methods combined with glazing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/51—Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
- C04B41/5116—Ag or Au
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/88—Metals
Abstract
The invention relates to a firing process of gold in high-temperature glaze, wherein the glaze firing temperature is 1000-1050 ℃, the temperature reduction during glaze firing adopts a rapid temperature reduction mode, and the temperature reduction rate is 180-200 ℃/min. The firing process comprises the following steps: blank making, glazing, biscuit firing, gilding and/or bronzing, and glaze firing. It is fired by an electric kiln. And the purpose of rapid cooling is achieved by adjusting the heat dissipation holes, the kiln door and the chimney. By adopting the gold firing process in the high-temperature glaze, the firing rate can reach 100% from less than 50%. The glossiness and the vividness of the glaze surface are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ceramic firing, in particular to a firing process of gold in high-temperature glaze.
Background
The gold-in-glaze technology at high temperature makes the surface layer of glaze soft at high temperature, so that the gold surface is immersed in the glaze to form the gold-in-glaze effect at high temperature. The formed gold surface is bright and smooth, durable and wear-resistant, and is more corrosion-resistant and oxidation-resistant. The gold technology in the high-temperature glaze is always new along with the daily life of the porcelain. However, the existing sintering process of gold in high-temperature glaze has many defects and deficiencies, the sintering rate is mostly less than 50%, the glossiness and the vividness of the glaze surface are also poor, and the problem of glaze flowing often occurs in the sintering process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a sintering process of gold in high-temperature glaze.
The firing process of gold in the high-temperature glaze has the glaze firing temperature of 1000-1050 ℃, and the cooling rate of 180-200 ℃/min is a rapid cooling mode during glaze firing.
The experiment of the invention finds that the cooling rate has great influence on the glossiness and the vividness of the glaze surface. The method for rapidly cooling can greatly improve the glossiness and the vividness of the glaze surface.
Preferably, the steps of the process include blank making, glazing, bisque firing, gilding or gold printing, and glaze firing.
Preferably, the glaze firing temperature is 1050 ℃ or 1000 ℃.
Preferably, the cooling rate during glaze firing is 190 ℃/min.
Preferably, the firing is carried out by an electric kiln. Because the firing atmosphere of the electric kiln is a neutral atmosphere, the natural gas heating atmosphere influences the glossiness of the glaze surface.
Preferably, the temperature control procedure in the firing process is as follows:
the temperature rise rate is 420-;
the temperature is 670 ℃ to 790 ℃, and the heating rate is 110-;
the temperature is 790-1050 ℃, and the heating rate is 130-;
the temperature is maintained at 1050 ℃ for 10min, and then the temperature is reduced by 180 ℃ and 200 ℃/min in a rapid temperature reduction way.
More preferably, the temperature control program of glaze firing is as follows:
from room temperature to 670 ℃, the heating rate is 433 ℃/h;
670-790 ℃, and the heating rate is 120 ℃/h;
the temperature is 790 to 1000 ℃, and the heating rate is 140 ℃/h;
keeping the temperature at 1050 ℃ for 10min, and cooling at 190 ℃/min in a rapid cooling mode.
The quick cooling during glaze firing is realized by adjusting the size of the heat dissipation holes, the opening of the kiln door and the chimney.
Advantageous effects
The invention reasonably adjusts the sintering process of gold in the high-temperature glaze, especially controls the temperature control procedure of glaze sintering, so that the final sintering rate reaches 100% from less than 50%. The glossiness and the vividness of the glaze surface are improved.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will now be described by way of examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as specifically limiting the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the various starting materials of the present invention may be obtained commercially or prepared according to conventional methods in the art; the production process of the present invention can adopt the known equipment in the art, and the production process which is not particularly described in the present invention is the known production process in the art, and the detailed description of the production equipment and the process is omitted. Unless defined or indicated otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples. In the following examples, an electric kiln of HQ-3-5 type was used for firing.
Example 1
The gold firing process in the high-temperature glaze of the embodiment comprises the following steps: proportioning, ball milling, iron removal, mud pressing, mud refining, ageing, blank making and forming, drying, blank trimming, glazing, biscuit firing, polishing and cleaning, gold printing and glaze firing. Wherein the glaze firing temperature is 1050 ℃, and the temperature control procedure of the glaze firing is as follows:
from room temperature to 670 ℃, the heating rate is 433 ℃/h;
670-790 ℃, and the heating rate is 120 ℃/h;
the temperature is 790-1050 ℃, and the heating rate is 140 ℃/h;
keeping the temperature at 1050 ℃ for 10min, and then rapidly cooling to room temperature at the cooling rate of 190 ℃/min.
The glaze firing and the biscuit firing are both fired by an electric kiln.
The quick cooling during glaze firing is realized by adjusting the size of the heat dissipation holes or the opening of the kiln door and the chimney independently or by combining the three. The height of the chimney is 16m, and the diameter is 380 mm.
Example 2
The gold firing process in the high-temperature glaze of the embodiment comprises the following steps: proportioning, ball milling, iron removal, mud pressing, mud refining, ageing, blank making and forming, drying, blank trimming, glazing, biscuit firing, polishing and cleaning, gold drawing and glaze firing. Wherein the glaze firing temperature is 1000 ℃, and the temperature control procedure of the glaze firing is as follows:
from room temperature to 423 ℃, the heating rate is 250 ℃/min;
423 to 698 ℃, and the heating rate is 190 ℃/min;
698-898 ℃, and the heating rate is 120 ℃/min;
898-1000 ℃, and the heating rate is 210 ℃/min;
and after the temperature is kept at 1000 ℃ for 10min, a rapid cooling mode is adopted when the temperature is reduced, and the cooling rate is 150 ℃/min.
The quick cooling during glaze firing is realized by adjusting the size of the heat dissipation holes or the opening of the kiln door and the chimney.
The glaze firing and the biscuit firing are both fired by an electric kiln.
Example 3
The gold firing process in the high-temperature glaze of the embodiment comprises the following steps: proportioning, ball milling, iron removal, mud pressing, mud refining, ageing, blank making and forming, drying, blank trimming, glazing, biscuit firing, polishing and cleaning, gold drawing and glaze firing. Wherein the glaze firing temperature is 1020 ℃, and the temperature rising program of the glaze firing is as follows:
from room temperature to 423 ℃, the heating rate is 270 ℃/min;
423 to 698 ℃, and the heating rate is 170 ℃/min;
698-898 ℃, and the heating rate is 140 ℃/min;
898-1098 ℃, and the heating rate is 190 ℃/min;
1098 ℃ to 1100 ℃, and the heating rate is 0.4 ℃/min.
And when the glaze firing is cooled, a rapid cooling mode is adopted, and the cooling rate is 135 ℃/min.
The quick cooling during glaze firing is realized by adjusting the size of the heat dissipation holes or the opening of the kiln door and the chimney.
The glaze firing and the biscuit firing are both fired by an electric kiln.
Example 4
The gold firing process in the high-temperature glaze of the embodiment comprises the following steps: proportioning, ball milling, iron removal, mud pressing, mud refining, ageing, blank making and forming, drying, blank trimming, glazing, biscuit firing, polishing and cleaning, gold printing and glaze firing. Wherein the glaze firing temperature is 1040 ℃, and the temperature control procedure of the glaze firing is as follows:
from room temperature to 423 ℃, the heating rate is 270 ℃/min;
423 to 698 ℃, and the heating rate is 170 ℃/min;
698-898 ℃, and the heating rate is 140 ℃/min;
898-1040 ℃, and the heating rate is 190 ℃/min;
1040 preserving heat for 10min, and then rapidly cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 140 ℃/min.
The quick cooling during glaze firing is realized by adjusting the size of the heat dissipation holes or the opening of the kiln door and the chimney.
The glaze firing and the biscuit firing are both fired by an electric kiln.
Comparative example 1
The firing process of gold in the high-temperature glaze of the comparative example adopts the same raw materials as those in the example 1, the firing is carried out according to the existing method, and a natural gas kiln is adopted.
The fired ceramic parts of examples 1-4 and comparative example 1 were subjected to the relevant performance tests and the results are summarized below:
| example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Comparative example 1 | |
| Glossiness of glaze | 92.0 | 90.5 | 89.9 | 91.4 | 81.2 |
| Brilliance of glaze | Bright colour | Bright colour | Bright colour | Bright colour | Darker color |
| Percent of pass of finished product | 100％ | 99％ | 99％ | 99％ | 49％ |
As can be seen from the above table, the glossiness and vividness of the glaze surface and the qualification rate of the finished product of the gold ceramic part in the high-temperature glaze prepared by the process of the invention are obviously better than those of the ceramic part in the comparative example 1.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A firing process of gold in high-temperature glaze is characterized in that the glaze firing temperature is 1000-1050 ℃, and a rapid cooling mode is adopted for cooling during glaze firing. The cooling rate is 180 ℃ and 200 ℃/min.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the step of firing the gold comprises firing the gold in a green form, glazing, bisque firing, gilding or bronzing, or glaze firing.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein the firing temperature is 1050 ℃.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein the firing temperature is 1000 ℃.
5. The process for firing gold in high-temperature glaze according to claim 1, wherein the temperature reduction rate during the glaze firing is 190 ℃/min.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein the gold in the glaze is fired in an electric kiln.
7. The process of claim 3, wherein the temperature control procedure for firing the gold in the glaze comprises:
the temperature rise rate is 420-;
the temperature is 670 ℃ to 790 ℃, and the heating rate is 110-;
the temperature is 790-1050 ℃, and the heating rate is 130-;
the temperature is maintained at 1050 ℃ for 10min, and then the temperature is reduced by 180 ℃ and 200 ℃/min in a rapid temperature reduction way.
8. The process of claim 7, wherein the temperature control procedure for firing the gold in the glaze comprises:
from room temperature to 670 ℃, the heating rate is 433 ℃/h;
670-790 ℃, and the heating rate is 120 ℃/h;
the temperature is 790 to 1000 ℃, and the heating rate is 140 ℃/h;
preserving the heat at 1050 ℃ for 10min, and then cooling at 190 ℃/min in a rapid cooling mode.
9. The process according to claim 1, wherein the rapid cooling of the glaze firing process is achieved by adjusting the size of the louvers and the opening of the kiln door and the chimney.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010548215.2A CN111635256A (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2020-06-16 | Firing process of gold in high-temperature glaze |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010548215.2A CN111635256A (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2020-06-16 | Firing process of gold in high-temperature glaze |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB190708687A (en) * | 1907-04-15 | 1908-02-20 | Albert Lovatt | Improvements in the Process of Decorating or Finishing Earthenware or Pottery. |
| CN1583658A (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2005-02-23 | 景德镇环球陶瓷有限公司 | Underglazed color porcelain and its production |
| CN1911855A (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2007-02-14 | 林伟河 | Glaze coloured decoration daily use poocelain and its production method |
| CN101372422A (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2009-02-25 | 傅涛 | In-glaze decoration method for bright red glazed ceramic |
-
2020
- 2020-06-16 CN CN202010548215.2A patent/CN111635256A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB190708687A (en) * | 1907-04-15 | 1908-02-20 | Albert Lovatt | Improvements in the Process of Decorating or Finishing Earthenware or Pottery. |
| CN1583658A (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2005-02-23 | 景德镇环球陶瓷有限公司 | Underglazed color porcelain and its production |
| CN1911855A (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2007-02-14 | 林伟河 | Glaze coloured decoration daily use poocelain and its production method |
| CN101372422A (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2009-02-25 | 傅涛 | In-glaze decoration method for bright red glazed ceramic |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 池至铣: "《陶瓷釉色料及装饰》", 30 November 2015, 中国建材工业出版社 * |
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