CN1538024A - 带有可滑动式驱动机构的电动活节插闩 - Google Patents

带有可滑动式驱动机构的电动活节插闩 Download PDF

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CN1538024A
CN1538024A CNA2004100329744A CN200410032974A CN1538024A CN 1538024 A CN1538024 A CN 1538024A CN A2004100329744 A CNA2004100329744 A CN A2004100329744A CN 200410032974 A CN200410032974 A CN 200410032974A CN 1538024 A CN1538024 A CN 1538024A
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CN1320244C (zh
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G·J·卢克
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Abstract

一种电动马达驱动的活节插闩具有一外壳，外壳在使用时装入门框中并且具有一插闩，该插闩当置于处于工作位置上的一盒中时，可由一机械驱动装置作用下在外壳中枢轴转动。插闩可在一锁定构型与一解锁构型之间作枢轴转动，在锁定构型下，插闩能够伸出外壳之外以便接合于框内与门相关的孔中，而在解锁构型下，插闩从孔中完全退回。机械驱动装置包括一螺杆轴，螺杆轴可由电动马达转动以便沿轴的长度移动一滚柱螺母同时与插闩上的一凸轮面接合。为了实现活节插闩的安全操作，盒可在壳中从工作位置滑动至一脱离接合位置，以便使得插闩可以从锁定构型移至解锁构型而无须操作机械驱动装置。

Description

带有可滑动式驱动机构的电动活节插闩
技术领域
本发明涉及安全锁。更具体而言，尽管并不排他，但其公开了一种改进型的电动马达驱动的活节插闩，这种活节插闩包括使用者可选的动力开启或动力锁定转换模式。
背景技术
活节插闩的用途在于提供一种门或可动屏障所用的隐蔽式锁。在现有技术的装置中，利用一螺线管来将插闩沿轴向从门框中移出并移入一安装于门缘中的撞板内。撞板具有一孔，该孔的尺寸适于沿轴向容放插闩以便使得一旦其处于适当位置后就将门有效锁定。这种装置通常用于锁门时既要求安全性又要求安装隐蔽性的地方。
然而，目前所用的这些装置存在许多问题。如果框中的门存在任何未对准情况，插闩就将会碰到撞板而非安放于孔中。尽管对于某些系统，插闩将跳动一段有限时间，但仍然只有在撞板的孔与插闩准确对齐时，门才会锁上。还存在更多与将锁好的门放开相关的问题。例如如果由于空气压差、人压于门上或门发生翘曲等等原因而施加任意侧向负载，则锁可能就会卡住。在这种情况下，插闩卡在孔中，并且不能由螺线管较弱的拉力来退回。即使在正常无阻操作过程中，螺线管系统用于滑动沿轴向移入和移出锁孔中的插闩所需的能量也过多。尽管申请者的共同未决的澳大利亚专利申请66599/00中公开了一种下述这类锁所用的更直接和更高能效的驱动方式，但是这种结构仍然具有缺点，其中这类锁包括一螺杆轴，该螺杆轴可通过电动马达转动以便沿所述轴移动一滚柱螺母并与一可枢轴转动的插闩上的凸轮面接相合。为了保证安全操作，插闩通过弹簧的作用偏向于退回位置，而驱动机构安装于一盒中，其也在锁壳中作枢轴转动以便使得螺母从凸轮面脱离。这种结构需要壳中具有过大的深度来容纳盒的枢轴转动。同样，在滚柱螺母从插闩脱离的过程中，驱动机构可能会不同步和卡住。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个目的是改进上述缺点，并且相应地公开了一种用于关紧门或其它可动屏障的活节插闩，其包括一使用者可选的动力开启和动力锁定转换模式，活节插闩具有一在使用时能够装入所述门或其它可动屏障的框中的外壳，该外壳具有一插闩，当安装于处于工作位置上的一盒中时，该插闩可在一电动马达供能的机械驱动装置作用下在外壳中枢轴转动，该插闩可在一锁定构型与一解锁构型之间作枢轴转动，在锁定构型下，插闩能够伸出所述外壳之外以便接合于与所述门或其它可动屏障相关的孔中，而在解锁构型下，插闩从所述孔中完全退回，所述机械驱动装置包括一螺杆轴，螺杆轴可由电动马达转动以便沿其长度移动一滚柱螺母同时与该插闩上的一凸轮面接合，并且所述盒可在外壳中从所述工作位置滑动至一脱离接合位置，由此插闩可以从所述锁定构型移至所述解锁构型从而在无须操作所述机械驱动装置的情况下实现锁的安全操作。
优选地，外壳包括一在锁使用时设定于门框的表面中的面板，所述盒位于所述面板之后并且可沿基本上与其平行的方向滑动。
另外优选地，在锁的安全运行操作中，滚柱螺母保持与所述凸轮面相接合。
另外优选地，插闩包括一滚柱以便于接合于所述孔中。
另外优选地，孔包括一位于一安放于该门缘中的撞板内的斜槽。
附图说明
现在将参照附图，对本发明的当前优选形式进行描述，其中：
图1是锁处于闩锁构型时的侧视剖面图；
图1是图1中所示的锁的局部详图；
图2是与图1相似，但锁处于解锁构型时的图；
图2A是图2中所示的锁的局部详细视图；以及
图3是与图1和2的锁一起使用的门撞板的优选形式的平面图。
具体实施方式
首先参看图1，示出了一种包括一外壳1的电动锁，外壳1适于安装于一带有朝向外的面板1A的门框中。外壳具有一插闩2，插闩2可绕着销3枢轴转动以便使得其可以在图1中所示的锁定构型与一解锁构型之间移动，其中在锁定构型下，插闩2伸出框外，而在解锁构型下，插闩2基本上位于外壳之内。插闩所用的机械驱动组件包括一通过减速齿轮6转动一螺杆轴5的电动马达4。一滚柱螺母7安装于螺杆轴5上，当所述轴由马达转动时，滚柱螺母7沿此轴的长度方向移动。滚柱螺母7又与形成为插闩2的一部分的一封闭凸轮面8接合。当机械驱动组件处于图1中所示的正常工作位置时，滚柱螺母根据马达转动的方向移动至图1中所示的螺杆轴5的左端或右端(未示出)，以便执行正常的锁门和开门功能。
为了保证安全操作，驱动组件安装于一盒9中，盒9可在外壳1内从图1中所示的所述工作位置向右滑动至图2中所示的脱离接合位置。优选地，盒9与驱动组件沿如箭头A所示的平行于面板的方向滑动。一螺线管11也安装于外壳内部的一个位置上，如图1A和2A中详细所示。当受到激励时，其操纵一闩锁杆12，闩锁杆12将盒9保持于图1中所示的工作位置上。锁接合时，螺线管11仅需要最小的能量来将盒保持于此位置上。为了实现安全功能，应当去除螺线管11的能量。这样就将盒9与轴5和滚柱螺母(即机械驱动组件)一起释放以便在弹簧20的偏压力作用下向图2和2A中所示的脱离接合位置滑动，从而在无需机械驱动组件操作的情况下使插闩2枢轴转动至解锁构型。
还有一个闩锁板13，其可从所示位置转动180度以便在没有螺线管能量的情况下将盒9保持于工作位置上，而当螺线管11受到激励时则释放所述盒。这就使得锁能够在一种安全模式中工作，而同时保持着当螺线管11在外部电池作用下脉动时将盒9释放的应急功能。现有技术的螺线管操作的活节插闩中没有这种应急打开功能。
为了进一步增强锁定机构，前文提及的插闩2优选地安装有一滚柱14，而门撞15(图3中所示)形成有一斜槽16。这使得插闩2能够在最宽位置17处进入孔，而后滚动至窄锁定端18。因此，对于门位置比现有技术的活节插闩机构要求更不严格，因为槽内的滚柱插闩动作将使门与正确位置对齐。滚柱与槽的形状还便于在门受载时退回插闩。
撞板15还优选地具有一在关门时位于邻近一簧片或霍尔效应开关21的致动点的位置的隐蔽磁体19，所述开关在此致动。这就会开通马达4和驱动系统以便将插闩转动至锁定位置。对于这个实施例，还有一传感棒(未示出)，其与滚柱螺母7一起移动以便在两个方向上限制所述驱动锁定组件的行程。
优选地，锁还有一用于感知插闩2的位置以便能够通过一访问控制系统来控制解锁构型与锁定构型的电子设备。
因此，应当理解，本发明至少以所公开的实施例的形式提供了一种对活节插闩锁的新颖有益改进方案。其优于现有技术机构的优点包括以下内容：
锥形面板孔与枢轴转动式滚柱插闩的相互作用有助于将门定位于锁定位置，
由于使用了减速齿轮和螺杆轴，操作机构需要比螺线管操纵的往复式插闩系统更小的电流，而仍然对插闩产生较大的驱动力，
在动力开启或动力锁定模式中可有应急释放措施，
插闩不会由于孔中的尘土或门上的侧压而粘住或卡住，
可以采取措施来检测插闩位置和门状态，以及
锁适用于窄型门。
然而，应当理解，所述实例只是本发明的当前优选形式，本发明所属领域的普通技术人员应当清楚可以作出多种改动。例如外壳的形状和构型、绕枢轴转动的插闩和撞板以及机械驱动装置的结构均可以根据应用情况或设计偏好而做出变动。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于关紧门或其它可动屏障的活节插闩，所述活节插闩具有一在使用时能够装入所述门或其它可动屏障的框中的外壳，所述外壳具有一插闩，当设置于处于工作位置上的一盒中时，该插闩可在一电动马达供能的机械驱动装置作用下在外壳中枢轴转动，插闩可在一锁定构型与一解锁构型之间作枢轴转动，在锁定构型下，插闩能够伸出所述外壳之外以便接合于与所述门或其它可动屏障相关的孔中，而在解锁构型下，插闩从所述孔中完全退回，所述机械驱动装置包括一螺杆轴，螺杆轴可由电动马达转动以便沿其长度移动一滚柱螺母，同时与所述插闩上的一凸轮面接合并且实现所述活节插闩的安全操作，该盒可在该外壳中从所述工作位置滑动至一脱离接合位置，由此插闩可以从所述锁定构型移至所述解锁构型而无须操作所述机械驱动装置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电动马达驱动的活节插闩，其特征在于，该盒可沿基本上与所述外壳的一面板平行的方向滑动。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电动马达驱动的活节插闩，其特征在于，螺杆轴可由电动马达通过减速齿轮转动。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电动马达驱动的活节插闩，其特征在于，一螺线管配装于外壳内部，当受到激励时，其将盒保持于所述工作位置上，而当解除激励时，则释放所述盒以便在一弹簧偏压作用下滑向所述脱离接合位置。
5.根据权利要求3所述的电动马达驱动的活节插闩，其特征在于，外壳还包括一闩锁板，其可转动至一接合位置，其在没有供向所述螺线管能量的情况下将盒保持于工作位置上，而当所述螺线管受到激励时则释放所述盒以便滑向所述脱离接合位置。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电动马达驱动的活节插闩，其特征在于，所述轴配装有一滚柱，而所述孔呈斜槽的形式并设置成使得插闩能够在其最宽位置处进入孔然后滚动至较窄的锁定端，同时将所述门与所述门框中的正确锁定位置对齐。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电动马达驱动的活节插闩，其特征在于，所述孔形成于位于门内的一撞板中，所述撞板具有一隐蔽磁体，当关门时隐蔽磁体位于外壳中邻近一簧片开关的致动点的位置上，所述簧片开关由此启动机械驱动装置来锁门。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电动马达驱动的活节插闩，其特征在于，一传感棒配装于滚柱螺母上以便限制所述螺母沿螺杆轴的行程。
9.根据权利要求1所述的电动马达驱动的活节插闩，其特征在于，提供有一电子传感装置以便能够通过一访问控制系统来在锁定构型与解锁构型之间控制所述插闩。
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