CN1526484A - Harmless animal feces mixture and its treating process - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization technology of regenerated agricultural resource and waste, and diseases the harmless mixture of animal feces and crop tissue and its comprehensive treating process. The mixture is produced through mixing deodorizing, adsorption deodorizing, sterilizing, compounding, fermentation, sieving and other technological steps, and may be used as fertilizer, animal feed, microbial fertilizer carrier, etc. The technological process is simple, practical, economic, environment friendly and suitable for large scale production.

Description

A kind of innoxious feces of livestock and poultry mixture and treatment process thereof

Technical field: the invention belongs to the comprehensive utilization technique field of agriculture renewable resource and waste, more specifically belong to comprehensive harmless treatment of feces of livestock and poultry and agricultural waste material and regeneration field thereof.

Background technology: human Economic development is a cost with resource, ecology and environment, for resource, ecology and the environmental problem that solves living space, the mankind must maximally utilise resource and minimally produces waste, to set up the society of Sustainable development.Only just utilize the first time of crop genetic resource; in fact only a part or the sub-fraction of resource total biomass have been utilized; so; fast development along with the increasing both production and income of agricultural and mass-producing, intensification livestock and poultry breeding industry; the corresponding generation of a large amount of agriculture byproducts and waste; as, crop stalk, cot, feces of livestock and poultry etc.These are concentrated relatively and higher byproduct and the waste of quantum of output if deal with improperly, not only constitutes the pollution to environment, and can bring out the generation of livestock and poultry epidemic situation, the development of serious threat aquaculture.Since half a century, the research in this field has been concentrated on two aspects, the one, harmless treatment, the 2nd, the regeneration comprehensive utilization of resource.Only with regard to feces of livestock and poultry, up to the present, no matter, in treating processes, all must solve following problem as feeding or apply fertilizer usefulness: the first, sterilization endangers next trophic level to avoid wherein pathogenic bacterium and parasite; The second, deodorizing is to avoid waste gas to the pollution of environment and the restriction of production site; The 3rd, nutritive equilibrium according to the different purposes of end product, is rationally added respective substance, makes treating processes help transforming to end product nutritive equilibrium direction; The 4th, cut down the consumption of energy, thereby reduce cost.In present existent method, generally adopt heat-sterilization, its equipment, treatment capacity waste gas problem remain limiting factor; Methods such as water cycle are generally adopted in deodorizing, and its nitrogen loss and deodorizing effect are also undesirable; In common physics, chemistry and biological method, its C/N balance is also seldom considered; Energy consumption problem also makes product cost high, and the utilization of end product is restricted.

Summary of the invention: the purpose of this invention is to provide the innoxious feces of livestock and poultry mixture that a kind of feces of livestock and poultry and farm crop organize comprehensive harmless treatment to obtain,

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of treatment process that is applicable to the innoxious feces of livestock and poultry mixture that agricultural fertilizer is used.

The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical scheme;

The invention provides a kind of innoxious feces of livestock and poultry mixture that is applicable to that agricultural fertilizer or animal-feed are used, this mixture be with feces of livestock and poultry, be rich in carbon source the farm crop tissue, to puddle type deodorizing disinfectant, gac, live yeast powder, adsorptivity reodorant be main raw material, composting in the pond, and adsorptivity reodorant layer is sealed in the part that fermentation material contacts with the external world, ventilation at interval, temperature is controlled in the 28-65 ℃ of scope, solid fermentation and making;

In above batching, the weight ratio of each component is: 1000 parts of feces of livestock and poultry, and the farm crop of being rich in carbon source are organized 35-70 part, the type reodorant of puddling is the 0.15-0.5% of feces of livestock and poultry fresh weight, gac 20-40 part, live yeast powder 0.5-2 part, adsorptivity reodorant 50-80 part;

When end product was fertile as farming, the farm crop tissue that is rich in carbon source was selected from straw, cot, the peat composed of rotten mosses etc., and end product is as the feed time spent, and farm crop are organized the crushed material that also can be selected from the seed tissue; The type deodorizing disinfectant of puddling is the mixture of commercially available EM bacterium liquid, pyroligneous liquor, air freshener; Gac is optional from the byproduct of producing pyroligneous liquor; Adsorptivity reodorant is preferably from wilkinite, Fluorspar Powder, diatomite;

Concrete processing step of the present invention is as follows:

(1), the deodorization and disinfection of feces of livestock and poultry: add EM bacterium liquid 0.5-2kg in the bright feces of livestock and poultry per ton, pyroligneous liquor 1-2.5kg, air freshener 10-40g puddles evenly;

(2), batching: following raw material is by weight preparation, take by weighing 1000 parts of the feces of livestock and poultry of step 1, gac 20-40 part, rice husk or peat composed of rotten mosses 20-40 part, straw powder 15-30 part adds live yeast powder 0.5-2 part winter in addition, and above-mentioned raw materials is puddled evenly, go in the fermentation vat, at last material and the extraneous part that contacts are used 50-80 part adsorptivity reodorant layer strict seal;

(3), fermentation: fermentation vat is built in the plastic greenhouse, plastic greenhouse is established compound ventilation air-changing device, fermentation condition is: winter, 28-40 ℃ of control temperature of shed 1-7 days, 8-13 days 40-65 ℃, ventilated 20 minutes in 1-13 days every 4-6 hour below 40 ℃ in 14-15 days, the whole day ventilation was to discharging in 14-15 days; Summer, 1-2 days temperature 30-45 ℃, 3-5 days 45-65 ℃, 6-7 days below 40 ℃, ventilation in 1-5 days every 3-4 hour 30 minutes, the whole day ventilation was to discharging in 6-7 days;

(4), screening and pulverizing: through the material of above step, generally be moist loose shape, if any the part bulk, drying is pulverized, screening makes even powdery or particulate solid, promptly innoxious feces of livestock and poultry mixture.

The present invention has following beneficial effect:

The present invention is easy to large-scale operation to the method for the sterilizing process employing of feces of livestock and poultry, pyroligneous liquor wherein has significant killing pests and suppressing bacteria effect, can effectively kill pathogenic bacterium and parasite in the feces of livestock and poultry, simultaneously, pyroligneous liquor is again the main active ingredient in the fertilizer, no matter, all has the multiple beneficial effect simultaneously as agricultural fertilizer or feed.EM bacterium liquid, owing to concentrated a large amount of beneficial microorganisms, the feces of livestock and poultry and the farm crop of using this bacterium liquid processing to obtain organize the pathogenic bacterium in the mixture to be inhibited, and set up new good microecosystem, and the corrupt type microbiota that becomes original feces of livestock and poultry is a regeneration type micro-flora.When as the fertile time spent of farming, can improve the soil, set up soil renewal type micro-flora, soil fertility recovery, increasing both production and income, environment protection all are extremely important.When as the feed time spent, can make animal intestinal set up good microecosystem, not only preventable disease was cured the disease but also can be promoted feed conversion and promote growth.Simultaneously, the use of EM bacterium liquid owing to can reduce the generation of smell substances such as ammonia, also has deodorizing effect.

The present invention uses adsorptivity reodorant, suction type is simple and easy to do, sorbent material can directly be held back the gas with foreign flavor that fermentation material produces, and as ammonia etc., has both avoided exhaust emission, also avoided nitrogen loss, experiment shows that sorbent material such as wilkinite reach 170% to the adsorption rate of ammonia, can reach more than 30 times of own wt to the absorption of water, when this product was used as agricultural fertilizer, its drought resistance was significantly higher than fertilizer in the market.

The present invention has taken into full account and has organized feces of livestock and poultry and farm crop that raw material C/N compares problem in the combination treatment; its carbon source is selected from abundant crop waste resource; make this part resource can rationally be reproduced utilization; both protected environment; nitrogenous source in the feces of livestock and poultry can not run off because of the imbalance of carbon nitrogen, the nutritive substance of product is tended to balance.

The present invention carries out fermentative processing owing to being chosen in the plastic greenhouse, can make full use of sun power, has reduced energy consumption, in treating processes, owing to adopt the ventilation mode, has alleviated burden also for follow-up drying process, has further reduced energy consumption.

The product of the present invention's preparation, when being used as the carrier of microbial fertilizer, the quality guaranteed period, the viable bacteria rate still reached more than 90% more than 18 months.

Embodiment:

Embodiment 1: winter, freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement 1T, EM bacterium liquid 1KG, pyroligneous liquor 1.5KG, air freshener 30G, after stirring, add gac 30KG, rice husk 30KG, corn straw powder 25KG, live yeast powder 1KG, puddle evenly, in the fermentation vat in the plastic greenhouse of packing into, at last with 70KG wilkinite sealing and fermenting pond and the extraneous part that contacts, 28-40 ℃ of control temperature of shed 1-7 days, 8-13 days 40-65 ℃, 14-15 days below 40 ℃, ventilation in 1-13 days every 4-6 hour 20 minutes, whole day ventilation in 14-15 days is to discharging, drying, pulverize, screening makes innoxious feces of livestock and poultry mixture.

Embodiment 2: summer, freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement 1T, EM bacterium liquid 1KG, pyroligneous liquor 1.5KG, air freshener 30G is after stirring, add gac 30KG, rice husk 30KG, corn straw powder 25KG puddles evenly, pack in the fermentation vat in the plastic greenhouse, at last with 70KG wilkinite sealing and fermenting pond and the extraneous part that contacts, control temperature 30-45 ℃ of temperature of shed 1-2 days, 3-5 days 45-65 ℃, 6-7 days below 40 ℃, ventilation in 1-5 days every 3-4 hour 30 minutes, whole day ventilation in 6-7 days is to discharging, drying, pulverize, screening makes innoxious feces of livestock and poultry mixture.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of innoxious feces of livestock and poultry mixture, this mixture is with feces of livestock and poultry, be rich in carbon source the farm crop tissue, to puddle type deodorizing disinfectant, gac, live yeast powder, adsorptivity reodorant be main raw material, composting in the pond, and adsorptivity reodorant layer is sealed in the part that fermentation material contacts with the external world, at interval ventilation, temperature is controlled in the 28-65 ℃ of scope, solid fermentation and making;

2, a kind of innoxious feces of livestock and poultry mixture according to claim 1, wherein, the weight ratio of each component is in the batching: 1000 parts of feces of livestock and poultry, the farm crop of being rich in carbon source are organized 35-70 part, the type reodorant of puddling is the 0.15-0.5% of feces of livestock and poultry fresh weight, gac 20-40 part, live yeast powder 0.5-2 part, adsorptivity reodorant 50-80 part;

3, a kind of innoxious feces of livestock and poultry mixture according to claim 1, wherein, the farm crop tissue that is rich in carbon source described in the batching, when product is fertile as farming, the farm crop tissue is selected from straw, cot, the peat composed of rotten mosses, when product as the feed time spent, the farm crop tissue is selected from the crushed material of seed tissue;

4, a kind of innoxious feces of livestock and poultry mixture according to claim 1, wherein, puddling the type deodorizing disinfectant described in the batching is the mixture of commercially available EM bacterium liquid, pyroligneous liquor, air freshener;

5, a kind of innoxious feces of livestock and poultry mixture according to claim 1, wherein, the adsorptivity reodorant described in the batching is wilkinite, Fluorspar Powder, diatomite;

6, a kind of treatment process of innoxious feces of livestock and poultry mixture, concrete steps are as follows:

(1), the deodorization and disinfection of feces of livestock and poultry: add EM bacterium liquid 0.5-2kg in the bright feces of livestock and poultry per ton, pyroligneous liquor 1-2.5kg, air freshener 10-40g puddles evenly;

(2), batching: following raw material is by weight preparation, 1000 parts of the feces of livestock and poultry of step 1, gac 20-40 part, rice husk or peat composed of rotten mosses 20-40 part, straw powder 15-30 part adds live yeast powder 0.5-2 part winter in addition, and above-mentioned raw materials is puddled evenly, go in the fermentation vat, at last material and the extraneous part that contacts are used 50-80 part adsorptivity reodorant layer strict seal;

(3), fermentation: fermentation vat is built in the plastic greenhouse, plastic greenhouse is established compound ventilation air-changing device, fermentation condition is: winter, 28-40 ℃ of control temperature of shed 1-7 days, 8-13 days 40-65 ℃, ventilated 20 minutes in 1-13 days every 4-6 hour below 40 ℃ in 14-15 days, the whole day ventilation was to discharging in 14-15 days; Summer, 1-2 days temperature 30-45 ℃, 3-5 days 45-65 ℃, 6-7 days below 40 ℃, ventilation in 1-5 days every 3-4 hour 30 minutes, the whole day ventilation was to discharging in 6-7 days;

(4), screening is pulverized: through the material of above step, drying is pulverized, screening makes even powdery or the innoxious feces of livestock and poultry mixture of particulate state.