CN1473159A - 4α-芳基表儿茶素的合成 - Google Patents
4α-芳基表儿茶素的合成 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1473159A CN1473159A CNA018183212A CN01818321A CN1473159A CN 1473159 A CN1473159 A CN 1473159A CN A018183212 A CNA018183212 A CN A018183212A CN 01818321 A CN01818321 A CN 01818321A CN 1473159 A CN1473159 A CN 1473159A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- epicatechol
- benzyl
- hydroxyl
- shielded
- aryl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-UKRRQHHQSA-N (-)-epicatechin Chemical group C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-UKRRQHHQSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- -1 benzylic alcohols Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylstannane Chemical compound CCCC[SnH](CCCC)CCCC DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 23
- 229950001002 cianidanol Drugs 0.000 claims description 19
- ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3ccc(O)c(O)c3 ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000005487 catechin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N (+)-catechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methylpropane Chemical compound [Li+].C[C-](C)C UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007327 hydrogenolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- OSBSFAARYOCBHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropylammonium Chemical compound CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC OSBSFAARYOCBHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- ILMRJRBKQSSXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl(dimethyl)silicon Chemical group C[Si](C)C(C)(C)C ILMRJRBKQSSXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000001743 benzylic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- NQBWNECTZUOWID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-cinnamyl (E)-cinnamate Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC(=O)OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 NQBWNECTZUOWID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NQBWNECTZUOWID-QSYVVUFSSA-N cinnamyl cinnamate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C/C(=O)OC\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 NQBWNECTZUOWID-QSYVVUFSSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- PCMORTLOPMLEFB-ONEGZZNKSA-N sinapic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC(\C=C\C(O)=O)=CC(OC)=C1O PCMORTLOPMLEFB-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PCMORTLOPMLEFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sinapinic acid Natural products COC1=CC(C=CC(O)=O)=CC(OC)=C1O PCMORTLOPMLEFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001680 trimethoxyphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- XFZJEEAOWLFHDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2R,2'R,3R,3'R,4R)-3,3',4',5,7-Pentahydroxyflavan(48)-3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavan Natural products C=12OC(C=3C=C(O)C(O)=CC=3)C(O)CC2=C(O)C=C(O)C=1C(C1=C(O)C=C(O)C=C1O1)C(O)C1C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 XFZJEEAOWLFHDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229920002770 condensed tannin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000001499 aryl bromides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 129
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 84
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 41
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 20
- WDYVUKGVKRZQNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phosphonohexylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCCCCP(O)(O)=O WDYVUKGVKRZQNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 15
- JPFCOVZKLAXXOE-XBNSMERZSA-N (3r)-2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-8-[(2r,3r,4r)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2h-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2h-chromene-3,5,7-triol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=C(O)C=C1C1[C@H](O)CC(C(O)=CC(O)=C2[C@H]3C4=C(O)C=C(O)C=C4O[C@@H]([C@@H]3O)C=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)=C2O1 JPFCOVZKLAXXOE-XBNSMERZSA-N 0.000 description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229920001991 Proanthocyanidin Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 13
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 8
- QOLIPNRNLBQTAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N flavan Chemical compound C1CC2=CC=CC=C2OC1C1=CC=CC=C1 QOLIPNRNLBQTAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);dihydroxide Chemical compound O[Pd]O NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AQZMINLSVARCSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-3,6-dioxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1,2-dicarbonitrile Chemical compound ClC1=CC(=O)C(C#N)=C(C#N)C1=O AQZMINLSVARCSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CWEZAWNPTYBADX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Procyanidin Natural products OC1C(OC2C(O)C(Oc3c2c(O)cc(O)c3C4C(O)C(Oc5cc(O)cc(O)c45)c6ccc(O)c(O)c6)c7ccc(O)c(O)c7)c8c(O)cc(O)cc8OC1c9ccc(O)c(O)c9 CWEZAWNPTYBADX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000385 Procyanidin B1 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- MOJZMWJRUKIQGL-FWCKPOPSSA-N Procyanidin C2 Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](c2cc(O)c(O)cc2)Oc2c([C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@@H](c4cc(O)c(O)cc4)Oc4c3c(O)cc(O)c4)c(O)cc(O)c2[C@@H]1c1c(O)cc(O)c2c1O[C@@H]([C@H](O)C2)c1cc(O)c(O)cc1 MOJZMWJRUKIQGL-FWCKPOPSSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- QSSXJPIWXQTSIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1Br QSSXJPIWXQTSIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XELZGAJCZANUQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 1-acetylthieno[3,2-c]pyrazole-5-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(=O)N1N=CC2=C1C=C(C(=O)OC)S2 XELZGAJCZANUQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GMPPKSLKMRADRM-SWLSCSKDSA-N robinetinidol Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 GMPPKSLKMRADRM-SWLSCSKDSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HRNMOJZLZGYPOJ-PQJDTJHCSA-N delphisine Chemical compound CC(=O)O[C@@H]1[C@H]2[C@@H]3[C@@]4([C@@H]5[C@H]6OC)[C@@H](O)CC[C@@]5(COC)CN(CC)C4[C@H]6[C@@]2(OC(C)=O)C[C@H](OC)[C@H]1C3 HRNMOJZLZGYPOJ-PQJDTJHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001983 dialkylethers Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical compound [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007336 electrophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- VFZYLYJWCROVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ent-Fisetidinol Natural products OC1CC2=CC=C(O)C=C2OC1C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 VFZYLYJWCROVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMOCLSLCDHWDHP-IUODEOHRSA-N epi-Gallocatechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@H]2O)=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 XMOCLSLCDHWDHP-IUODEOHRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZYNKLUGCOSVKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N epigallocatechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3cc(O)c(O)c(O)c3 DZYNKLUGCOSVKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 210000000887 face Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- VFZYLYJWCROVLO-DZGCQCFKSA-N fisetinidol Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 VFZYLYJWCROVLO-DZGCQCFKSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RHYGXRGFSFQNLC-DZGCQCFKSA-N guibourtinidol Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C=C1 RHYGXRGFSFQNLC-DZGCQCFKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHYGXRGFSFQNLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N guibourtinidol Natural products OC1CC2=CC=C(O)C=C2OC1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RHYGXRGFSFQNLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- MFTSECOLKFLUSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexahydroxydiphenic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1C1=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C1C(O)=O MFTSECOLKFLUSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
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- ACKFDYCQCBEDNU-UHFFFAOYSA-J lead(2+);tetraacetate Chemical compound [Pb+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ACKFDYCQCBEDNU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- GWCPBEMISACTHQ-AWEZNQCLSA-N luteoliflavan Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2CCC3=C(O)C=C(C=C3O2)O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 GWCPBEMISACTHQ-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- HKUHOPQRJKPJCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pelargonidin Natural products OC1=Cc2c(O)cc(O)cc2OC1c1ccc(O)cc1 HKUHOPQRJKPJCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/74—Benzo[b]pyrans, hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/04—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
- C07D311/58—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4
- C07D311/60—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4 with aryl radicals attached in position 2
- C07D311/62—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4 with aryl radicals attached in position 2 with oxygen atoms directly attached in position 3, e.g. anthocyanidins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Pyrane Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Abstract
含4α-连接的表儿茶素单元的低聚矢车菊苷配质为天然产品,迄今未能通过立体选择性合成获得。本发明提供了通过受保护的4-酮与经芳基溴的卤素/金属交换得到的芳基锂试剂反应制备原型二聚物表儿茶素-4α,8-表儿茶素的方法。从得到的叔苄基醇去除4-羟基通过氢化三正丁基锡和三氟乙酸以完全立体选择性的方式完成,导致氢负离子只从β面传送。
Description
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求2000年9月5日提交的美国专利系列号09/655,360的优先权益。
发明领域
本发明总的涉及多酚产品,特别是原花色素。本发明还涉及制备多酚天然产品和其他相关化合物的合成方法。
发明背景
原花色素(非水解鞣酸)是一类目前为人们关注的多酚天然产物,它们具有多种生物活性,在食品中广泛使用并因此与人类健康密切相关。
原花色素是二聚或低聚黄烷类,在其芳环上有一个或几个羟基,并且通常在3位上还有一另外的羟基。发现天然存在有A和B环的十一种不同的羟基化形式。代表性的原花色素包括:
取代形式 | ||||||||
类型 | 单体 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 3’ | 4’ | 5’ |
Proapigenindin | Apigeniflavan | H | OH | OH | H | H | OH | H |
3′,4′,5,7-四羟花金羊原 | Luteoliflavan | H | OH | OH | H | OH | OH | H |
Protricetindin | Tricetiflavan | H | OH | OH | H | OH | OH | OH |
原花葵素 | Afzelechin | OH | OH | OH | H | H | OH | H |
矢车菊苷配质 | 儿茶素 | OH | OH | OH | H | OH | OH | H |
原翠雀素 | 没食子儿茶精 | OH | OH | OH | H | OH | OH | OH |
Proguibourtinidin | Guibourtinidol | OH | H | OH | H | H | OH | H |
Proflisetinidin | Fisetinidol | OH | H | OH | H | OH | OH | H |
Prorobinetinidin | 洋槐儿茶精 | OH | H | OH | H | OH | OH | OH |
Proteracacinidin | Oritin | OH | H | OH | OH | H | OH | H |
Promelacacinidin | Prosopin | OH | H | OH | OH | OH | OH | H |
在原花色素的多酚单体单元上取代基的立体化学可按其相应的立体化学术语“α/β”或“顺/反”来描述。术语“α”是指取代基定向在黄烷环平面下方,而“β”是指取代基定向在所述环平面上方。术语“顺”是指两个取代基定向在所述环的相同面上,而“反”是指两个取代基在环的相反面上取向。
从天然原料分离出纯原花色素随着低聚度的增加而变得困难。可通过硫解降解鉴别基础单体单元,但是阐明黄烷间的键的位置和立体化学的任务并不容易。这两种因素导致几乎没有确定的现有技术中所述的四聚体以上的低聚物。原花色素和其母体单体在自然中也以各种衍生物的形式出现,例如与羟基化的芳族羧酸如棓酸或六羟基联苯甲酸形成的苷或酯。
在原花色素中两个亚类,即矢车菊苷配质(5,7,3’,4’-羟基化)和prodelphinidins(5,7,3’,4’,5’-羟基化)在人的食品如可可中广泛存在。可可原花色素主要由表儿茶素(儿茶素的C-3表异构物)结构单元组成。已鉴别出上至十聚物的低聚物。从五聚物开始,这些低聚物对各种癌细胞系展现出抑制活性。(Romanczk,L.J.Jr;Hammerstone,J.F.,Jr;Buck,M.M.U.S.Patent 5,554,645,1996年9月10日)。黄烷-3-醇由(2S)-苯丙氨酸,经黄烷-3,4-二醇生物合成。后一种中间体易于在C-4位形成高度稳定的碳鎓离子(或醌的甲基化物),其进攻黄烷-3-醇的A环(基本上为Friedel-Crafts烷基化过程)形成黄烷间(interflavan)键。该过程可重复一次或几次,产生与二聚物一起被称为非水解鞣酸、缩合鞣酸或原花色素的链型低聚物。正如本领域技术人员所知,随着这些化合物因在单体单元不同的羟基化类型和C-3立体化学性质和黄烷间键的不同区域和立体化学性质以及其它结构改变导致链长的增加,这些化合物的结构复杂性急剧增加。此外,由于在单体单元的6-位和8-位两处的烷基化可能产生链的支化。
为了明确证实由可可纯化得到的化合物的结构,必须将表儿茶素二聚物和合成制备的一定结构的低聚物进行比较。合成的单体、二聚物和低聚物可用于在各种体外和最终体内的抗癌活性模式中建立结构与活性的关系。
由矢车菊苷配质带来的合成方面的挑战与控制黄烷间区域-和立体化学的困难,以及控制未保护的化合物对酸、碱和氧化剂的敏感性的困难有关。在黄烷-3-醇含4-取代的亲电子黄烷间的缩合通常在中度酸性介质中在没有使用酚保护基下进行,但近来对于用作4-取代基的苄硫基使用AgBF4。虽然使用了过量的亲核结构单元,但是其产物为区域-并有时是立体异构体的混合物以及较高级的低聚物。由于不能适用快速的分析设备如HPLC柱或Sephadex LH-20的薄层层析板,它们通常通过在Sephadex LH-20上的凝胶色谱来分离,这是一种需要长时间来对每一次具体分离任务进行分析研究的方法。此外,光学纯的未受保护4-取代儿茶素和表儿茶素不易获得,其通过昂贵的天然产物(+)黄杉素(4-酮)的还原制得或通过其商品源难以验证或不存在的天然原花色素低聚成分原位降解或硫解制得。
因此现有技术合成中使用受保护的低聚矢车菊苷配质作为结构单元并不奇怪。作为另一诱因,酚羟基而非醇羟基的保护将容许如在使用乙酰基保护基团的儿茶素的情况下所做的那样进行如3-酯和-苷的衍生物的区域选择性精制。已报导了一种令人感兴趣的方法,其将3-O-苄基-5,7,3′,4′-四-O-甲基儿茶素的8-溴化衍生物进行卤素-锂交换并与O-甲基化4-酮反应,而确保完全区域控制(regiocontrol)。但是,不能去除甲基O-保护基团获得游离二聚物。其它公开的文献使用了上述的亲电子取代方法,包括在一个或两个反应物上均含有酚保护基。
我们自己先前对一定表儿茶素低聚物合成的工作使用了TiCl4-介导的5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-(-)-表儿茶素与5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-4-(2-羟基乙氧基)表儿茶素的烷基化。除了较高级的低聚物外,其收率随分子量增加而急剧降低,获得了具有黄烷间键β-立体化学性质的单一的二聚产物(一种矢车菊苷配质B2衍生物)。
直到最近,通过任何二聚原花色素结构的独立构象来描述这些化合物中黄烷间键区域-和立体化学的分析方法才成为可能。X-射线结晶学由于原花色素和其衍生物较差的结晶性而无法得以应用。以1HHMR偶合常数和圆二色性为基础的立体化学描述忽视了C环在构象上具有柔顺性的基本事实。从保守观点来看,无论对柔性分子的具体构象的假设是如何得到(直觉或计算),这些假设都不能认为是阐明结构的严谨方法。
在从天然源分离众多原花色素后出现的合成方法的进展现已能使人们获得先前猜测的矢车菊苷配质B2中的4β立体化学的确定证明。将通过常规方法由矢车菊苷配质B2衍生的一种不同受保护的表儿茶素二聚物进行一系列脱官能团步骤并最终降解成(R)-(-)2,4-二苯基丁酸,并以其二苯甲酯的形式分离出。该降解产物的唯一剩下的不对称中心直接源于矢车菊苷配质B2中的“顶部”表儿茶素部分的C-4,并且由降解产物的旋光信号,通过X-射线结晶学建立的绝对构型揭示了C-4处的绝对构型。
本领域技术人员知道具有相反立体异构体的经确认的样品的重要性,现在默认采用表儿茶素-4α,8-表儿茶素作为对比。同时假设原花色素的C-环取代基为2,3-顺式和3,4-顺式关系的文献报道很少,表儿茶素-4α,8-表儿茶素一直未能从天然源分离。事实上迄今未有含4α-连接单元的矢车菊苷配质的立体选择性合成的报道。
在形成4β,8-二聚物的过程中,一种似乎合理的假设是2-芳基和3-氧参与将黄烷亲核体朝向假定的碳正离子中间体的β-面接近。所以,只通过改变反应条件或将保护基团与一个或两个3-羟基反应来获得4α-立体异构体根本不可能。所以,需要有一种制备在4α位取代的表儿茶素的新合成方法。本发明致力于满足这种需要。
本发明简述
本发明方法可制备优选为芳族基团在4α位取代的未受保护的表儿茶素衍生物。在一种优选的实施方案中,制备了二聚物表儿茶素4α,8-表儿茶素。本发明的一个优点是形成非极性中间体,在每一步中这种中间体均比极性、更敏感的最终中间体更易分离。
本发明方法的一个关键步骤是转换,其中已具有芳族单元的C-4-碳正离子受氢负离子亲核体从其β-面进攻,这样迫使4-芳基占据α-面。碳正离子可从叔醇方便地产生,这种叔醇本身易于从芳基有机金属试剂和受保护的4-酮-表儿茶素获得。
本发明涉及制备4α-芳基取代的表儿茶素的方法。所述方法包括下面步骤:
(D)将C-4位立体选择性去氧而形成下式的化合物:
(E)任选将C-3羟基去保护,并然后进一步将C-3羟基用适合的酰化剂酰化,随后去除苄基;或
还提供了一种通过在去除苄基后酰化酚基来制备4α-芳基表儿茶素的其他衍生物的方法。
一方面,本发明涉及一种制备表儿茶素-表儿茶素二聚物或表儿茶素-儿茶素二聚物的方法,其中所述亲核芳基有机金属试剂源于受保护的8-溴表儿茶素或受保护的8-溴儿茶素或其衍生物。提议的实施方案
5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基表儿茶素是指各个酚羟基的质子被苄基取代的表儿茶素。有机合成领域的技术人员知道有许多制备四-O-苄基表儿茶素的方法。Tüchmantel等人在J.Am.Chem.Soc.1999,121,12073-12081中描述了一种获得这种化合物的特别有用的方法。
此中所用的术语“芳基”是指芳族烃化合物或杂环。所述芳基可以是苯基或取代苯基,其中取代基选自卤基、芳基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C3-C8环烷基和C3-C8环烷氧基,条件是它们适合亲核有机金属试剂的形成。所述芳基可嵌入到其他芳环或饱和烃环或杂环的环体系中。
在本发明方法的一个重要改进之处是将5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基表儿茶素的C-3位的羟基进行保护。在一种实施方案中,所述保护涉及用苄基卤如苄基溴烷基化来获得全保护表儿茶素。一般来说,所述反应在碱,优选强碱如碱金属氢化物、二烷基酰胺、双(三烷基甲硅烷基)酰胺或氢氧化物,更优选碱金属氢化物如氢化钠的存在下进行。所述反应一般在极性有机溶剂中进行。本领域技术人员能选择与具体碱配伍的溶剂。优选的溶剂可为乙睛、四氢呋喃(THF)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、亚砜如二甲基亚砜或N-甲基吡咯烷酮。更优选的溶剂有酰胺如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。典型的反应温度在约0℃和溶剂的回流温度之间,优选在15℃到约40℃之间,更优选约23℃。加入所有试剂后,通常将反应物搅拌15分钟到24小时,优选搅拌30分钟到1小时。
在另一实施方案中,用于保护5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基表儿茶素的C-3位的羟基的保护基团与苄基邻位。通常所述反应涉及C-3羟基的O-甲硅烷化而获得甲硅烷醚。甲硅烷化试剂可以是氯化甲硅烷。当硅上的烷基取代基为叔丁基二甲基时,甲硅烷化试剂为氯化叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷,并且所述反应在弱碱如咪唑或三乙胺与4-(二甲氨基)吡啶的存在下进行。所述反应在惰性极性有机溶剂中进行,所述溶剂优选为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二氯甲烷或四氢呋喃。通常所述O-硅烷化反应在0到约40℃的温度、优选约15-30℃并更优选约23℃下进行约1-24小时,优选约6-12小时,更优选约12小时。本领域技术人员会明白甲硅烷化羟基的其它方法也是适合的。所述甲硅烷剂可以是甲硅烷基三氟甲烷磺酸盐,在这种情况下优选的碱是吡啶或2,6-二甲基吡啶,并且溶剂为二氯甲烷或氯仿。
本领域技术人员会知道5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基-8-溴表儿茶素或5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基-8-溴儿茶素的C-3羟基可以类似方式进行保护。
本发明方法中另一重要步骤是受保护表儿茶素的氧化。所述氧化可使用任何适合的氧化剂进行。一般来说,所述氧化分两步进行。第一步包括将C-4亚甲基转变成仲醇而提供受保护的4-羟基表儿茶素,假定其具有4β立体化学结构。所述反应通常通过将受保护的表儿茶素与氧化剂接触,所述氧化剂优选为用于氧化O-烷基化儿茶素和表儿茶素的试剂,如四乙酸铅或2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-对苯醌(DDQ)。更优选使用贫电子醌型氧化剂,如DDQ或其变体。所述反应在有机溶剂中进行,所述溶剂优选为二烷基醚(其中烷基具有1到4个碳原子)、环醚(如四氢呋喃)或氯化溶剂(如二氯甲烷或氯仿)。当DDQ为所述氧化剂时,溶剂中存在水。所述反应一般在0℃到溶剂回流温度间、优选在约15-30℃、更优选在约23℃的温度下进行约1到24小时、优选约6到12小时、更优选约12小时。
第二步是进一步氧化,包括将受保护的4-羟基表儿茶素转变成受保护的黄烷-4-酮。所述反应在氧化剂的存在下(所述氧化剂优选为通过化合N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物和四丙基过钌酸铵形成的氧化剂),以及在非活性干燥剂(优选分子筛)的存在下进行。这种氧化技术由Ley等人描述于J.Chem.Soc.Chem.Commun.1987,1625。一般来说这种反应在有机溶剂(优选氯化烷烃如二氯甲烷)中,在0℃到溶剂回流的温度下(优选15-30℃,更优选在23℃)进行1到24小时(优选6-12小时,更优选12小时)。
本发明方法中的另一改进之处包括使受保护的黄烷-4-酮与亲核芳基有机金属试剂反应以制备受保护的4-芳基-4-羟基表儿茶素。通常所述反应通过在无水醚溶剂(优选四氢呋喃)中,在惰性气氛下,在约-100℃到0℃的温度下原位化合芳基卤(优选芳基溴)与烷基锂(优选叔丁基锂)约1-24小时来首先形成亲核芳基有机金属试剂,并然后也在无水醚溶剂(优选四氢呋喃)中,在惰性气氛下,在约-100℃到0℃的温度下让形成的亲核芳基有机金属试剂与受保护的黄烷-4-酮接触约1-24小时来进行。本领域技术人员会知道本发明也可使用其它有机金属试剂,如格氏试剂。
本领域技术人员也会知道除非芳基卤外,可从其它材料制成某些亲核芳基有机金属试剂。具体而言亲核芳基有机金属试剂可通过本领域已知的方法如ortho metallation和金属转移作用来制备。
本发明的一个具体实施方案提供了2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基锂与受保护的黄烷-4-酮的反应。本发明的另一具体实施方案考虑用叔丁基锂处理受保护的8-溴表儿茶素或受保护的8-溴儿茶素而形成本发明的亲核有机金属试剂。一种典型的受保护8-表儿茶素是5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基-8-溴-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)表儿茶素,其在无水醚溶剂(优选四氢呋喃)中,在惰性气氛及在约-100℃到0℃的温度下用烷基锂(优选叔丁基锂)处理约1-24小时,并然后将得到的芳基锂与受保护的黄烷-4-酮也在无水醚溶剂(优选四氢呋喃)中,在惰性气氛及在约-100℃到0℃的温度下接触约1-24小时。
本发明方法提供了在受保护的4-芳基-4-羟基表儿茶素的C-4位脱氧而得到单一的立体异构体形式的4α-芳基表儿茶素。所述脱氧在还原剂的存在下进行,所述还原剂优选通过将三烷基硅烷(各烷基含1到4个碳原子)与有机酸在惰性有机溶剂(优选氯化烷烃如二氯甲烷)在0℃到试剂回流温度下化合约5分钟到约24小时形成。更优选所述反应在通过将三烷基锡氢化物(各烷基部分包含1到6个碳原子)与全氟羧酸在惰性溶剂(优选氯化烷烃如二氯甲烷),在0℃到回流温度下化合约5分钟到约24小时形成。
本发明还提供了将受保护的4-芳基-5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基表儿茶素的C-3羟基去保护,或者当4-芳基取代基本身是儿茶素或表儿茶素时,将两个C-3羟基去保护。在C-3羟基由甲硅烷基保护的实施方案中,去保护反应用氟化物(一般用含水氢氟酸)在乙睛中进行。本领域技术人员会知道C-3羟基可在去保护后进一步进行衍生化。通常所述衍生化可包括用酰化剂如活性酸或酰氯酰化C-3羟基。一种优选的酰化剂是通过将三-O-苄基棓酸活化成酰氯形成的酰化剂。本领域技术人员会知道可以各种方式活化酸成适合的酰化剂。
本发明方法的另一重要步骤包括去除苄基。苄基可通过氢解从受保护的芳族羟基(即酚基)和受保护的脂族羟基去除。氢解反应通常在标准温度和压力或者优选在约1-5巴的高压、更优选在约3.5-5巴的高压下,于适合的有机溶剂如甲醇、乙醇、乙酸乙酯或其混合物中,在氢气气氛中进行。通常使用金属催化剂来促进苄基的去除。优选的催化剂有吸附在固体载体上的Pd,Pt,或Ni,更优选的催化剂是吸附在碳上的氢氧化钯。但是本领域技术人员会认识到可使用各种其他催化剂来促进苄基的去除。在一种实施方案中,苄基的去除产生了可分离和纯化的游离4-芳基表儿茶素。或者,粗氢解产物可通过与乙酸酐和碱反应直接转变成其乙酸盐衍生物。在4-芳基取代基为表儿茶素的一种更优选的实施方案中,氢解产生了游离的表儿茶素-4α,8-表儿茶素,并且乙酰化产生十乙酸盐衍生物。因为1HNMR谱上这些乙酸盐衍生物与其C-4差向异构体不同,并且因为其黄烷间的4,8-位键合是原料结构的必然结果,因此通过该方法产生的游离表儿茶素二聚物可明确证实为迄今未知的表儿茶素-4α,8-表儿茶素。
在另一实施方案中,在将C-3羟基酰化形成在C-3处衍生的游离4-芳基表儿茶素后去除苄基。
本发明也提供了去除作为酰化剂组分导入的苄基。在一种其中至少一个C-3羟基通过三-O-苄基棓酸的活性衍生物酰化的优选的实施方案中,可与从表儿茶素或儿茶素核去除苄基一起的单个步骤中去除棓酸盐羟基上的苄基。
通过下面的非限定性实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例通用步骤
Pearlman催化剂(20%的载于碳上的氢氧化钯),购自Aldrich并且包含≤50%的水。1H和13CNMR谱图分别在300和75MHz的额定频率处获得。1HNMR谱参照内标TMS,如有注明,则13CNMR谱也参照内标TMS,否则参照CDCl3信号(δ 77.00)。燃烧分析:Micro-Analysis,Inc.(Wilmington,DE)。柱层析(cc):Merck硅胶60(7734-7号),粒径63-200μm。薄层层析:Merck硅胶60 F254(7734-7号),层厚250μm;用碱性高锰酸钾溶液显色。实施例1:3,5,7,3’,4’-五-O-苄基表儿茶素的制备
在室温下,向180mg(4.5mmol)氢化钠(60%,在油中)在10mL无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的悬浮液(Tückmantel等人,J.Am.Chem.Soc.1999,121,12073-12081)中加入2.60g(4.00mmol)5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基表儿茶素在10mL无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的溶液。1小时后,加入0.56mL(4.7mmol)苄基溴。将混合物搅拌过夜,倾入冰水中,并用50mL二氯甲烷萃取三次。合并的有机相用水和盐水洗涤,过硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。残渣通过柱层析(二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶1∶6)纯化而得到2.20g(74%)无色无定形固体产物:[α]D-30.7°,[α]546-37.2°(c6gL-1,乙酸乙酯);1HNMR(CDCl3)δ7.48-7.25(m,20H),7.19(s,1H),7.17-7.12(m,3H),7.04-6.97(m,2H),6.91(窄ABq,2H),6.27,6.25(ABq,2H,J=2Hz),5.17(s,2H),5.05(s,2H),5.00(s,2H),4.98(s,2H),4.94(s,1H),4.44,4.30(ABq,2H,J=12.5Hz),3.91(窄m,1H),2.99,2.77(ABq,2H,J=17Hz,两部分d,分别为J=和4Hz);13CNMR(CDCl3)δ158.59,157.95,155.56,148.75,148.33,138.07,137.37,137.28,137.07,136.94,132.20,128.49,128.45,128.38,128.32,128.03,127.87,127.78,127.67,127.61,127.57,127.49,127.32,127.23,127.17,119.75,114.69,113.80,101.45,94.73,93.73,78.02,72.55,71.31,71.14,71.02,70.03,69.86,24.47;IR(膜)1617,1592,1145,1116,735,696cm-1对C50H44O6的分析计算值::C,81.06;H,5.99.实测值C,81.19;H,5.76.实施例2:3,5,7,3’,4’-五-O-苄基-4-羟基表儿茶素的制备
在室温下,向2.20g(3.38mmol)3,5,7,3’,4’-五-O-苄基表儿茶素在20mL四氢呋喃和0.16mL(8.9mmol)的溶液中加入2.00g(7.4mmol)2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰-对苯醌。将混合物搅拌过夜后,加入0.91g(7.4mmol)4-(二甲氨基)吡啶,继续搅拌5分钟,加入20g硅胶。蒸发后,残渣经硅胶过滤(乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶4,然后为二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶1∶4)得到1.05g(47%)白色泡沫状产物:
[α]D+6.6°,[α]546+7.2°(c10gL-1,乙酸乙酯);1HNMR(CDCl3)δ 7.50-7.28(m,20H),7.20-7.11(m,4H),7.04-6.92(m,4H),6.30(窄m,2H),5.20(s,2H),5.09(窄ABq,2H),5.06(s,2H),5.03(a,1H),5.01(s,2H),4.95(窄m,1H),4.39,4.25(ABq,2H,J=12Hz),3.70(窄m,1H),2.41(d,1H,J=2Hz);13CNMR(CDCl3)δ 160.32,159.00,156.09,148.88,148.39,137.61,137.38,137.26,136.64,136.48,131.58,128.70,128.59,128.43,128.38,128.14,128.06,127.78,127.63,127.68,127.54,127.49,127.35,127.31,127.28,119.88,114.82,113.61,104.77,94.79,94.06,77.07,74.83,72.49,71.34, 70.98,70.20,70.10,61.10;ER(膜)1616,1592,1152,1120,736,696cm-1.对C50H44O7的计算值:C,79.34;H,5.86.实测值:C,79.91;H,5.60.实施例3:(2R,3S)-3,5,7,3’,4’-五(苄氧基)黄烷-4-酮的制备
在室温下,向1.00g(1.32mmol)3,5,7,3’,4’-五-O-苄基-4-羟基表儿茶素在8mL无水二氯甲烷的溶液加入300mg 4埃分子筛、180mg(1.54mmol)N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物和58mg(165微摩尔)四丙基过钌酸铵。将反应混合物搅拌过夜并蒸发,将残渣通过柱层析纯化(乙酸乙酯/二氯甲烷/己烷1∶1∶10)得到0.66g(66%)白色泡沫形式的酮:
αD-47.9°,α546-58.5°(c10gL-1,乙酸乙酯);1HNMR(CDCl3)δ 7.67-7.38(m,20H),7.27(s,1H),7.24-7.22(m,3H),7.12-7.10(m,2H),7.02(m,2H),6.33(d,1H,J=2.1Hz),6.29(d,1H,J=2.1Hz),5.34(d,1H,J=1.2Hz),5.26(d,2H),5.24(s,2H),5.14(s,2H),5.09(s,2H),4.78(d,1H,J=12.0Hz),4.50(d,1H,J=12.0Hz),3.85(d,1H,J=1.8Hz);13CNMR(CDCl3)δ187.59,165.12,164.53,161.71,149.06,148.96,137.37,137.32,137.30,136.56,135.89,129.25,128.85,128.71,128.63,128.57,128.49,128.219,128.154,127.94,127.91,127.78,127.72,127.50,127.37,126.30,120.29,114.64,114.08,104.70,95.47,94.76,80.96,79.26,72.30,71.34,71.22,70.44;IR(膜)3031,2870,1673,1606,1572,1512,1454,1269,1165,1120,1025,736,696 cm-1.对C50H42O7:的计算值:C,79.56;H,5.61实测值:C,79.99;H,5.31.实施例4:3,5,7,3’,4’-五-O-苄基-4-羟基-4-(2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)表儿茶素的制备
在-78℃下,向32mg(130μmol)1-溴-2,4,6-三甲氧基苯在1mL无水四氢呋喃的溶液加入85μL(145μmol)叔丁基锂(1.7M的戊烷溶液)。在-78℃下保持一小时后,加入50mg(66μmol)(2R,3S)-3,5,7,3’,4’-五(苄氧基)黄烷-4-酮在1mL无水四氢呋喃的溶液。再于-78℃下保持三小时后,加入2mL氯化铵水溶液,并将产物用10mL二氯甲烷萃取三次。合并的有机相经硫酸镁干燥并蒸发,残渣通过柱层析(乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶4)纯化而得到25mg(45%)产物:
[α]D+22.7°,[α]546+27.2°(c12gL-1,乙酸乙酯);1HNMR(CDCl3)δ 7.48-7.26(m,15H),7.21-7.10(m,7H),7.08-7.03(m,2H),6.96-6.90(m,2H),6.81,6.78(ABq,2H,J=8.5Hz,B part br,6.32(d,1H,J=2Hz),6.29-6.24(m,2H),6.05(d,1H,J=2.5Hz),5.15(s,2H),5.05(s,2H),5.04-4.80(m,6H),4.54(d,1H,J=12.5Hz),4.23(s,1H),3.83(s,3H),3.77(s,3H),3.21(s,3H);13CNMR(CDCl3)δ160.27,160.04,159.28,158.63,158.44,154.61,148.65,147.95,138.78,137.46,137.40,137.03,136.88,132.67,128.47,128.35,128.28,128.17,128.08,127.83,127.77,127.63,127.53,127.39,127.29,127.24,126.99,126.72,119.51,114.96,114.61,113.74,111.39,94.62,94.27,93.47,92.20,79.90,76.13,74.69,74.52,71.30,70.95,69.96,69.86,56.60,56.00,55.20;IR(膜)3535,1605,1590,1151,1117,73 6,697cm-4.对C59H54O10的计算值:C,76.77;H,5.90实测值:C,76.43;H,5.48.实施例5:3,5,7,3’,4’-五-O-苄基-4α-(2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)表儿茶素的制备
(a)用三乙基硅烷/三氟乙酸还原:在室温下,向22mg(24μmol)3,5,7,3’,4’-五-O-苄基-4-羟基-4-(2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)表儿茶素在1mL二氯甲烷的溶液中加入38μL(0.24mmol)三乙基硅烷,然后加入22μL(0.29mmol)三氟乙酸。2小时后,加入固体碳酸钠。过滤、蒸发并通过薄层层析(乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶3)纯化得到15mg(69%)产物。
(b)用氢化三丁锡/三氟乙酸还原:在室温下,向46mg(24μmol)3,5,7,3’,4’-五-O-苄基-4-羟基-4-(2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)表儿茶素在1mL二氯甲烷的溶液中加入20μL(74μmol)氢化三丁基锡,然后加入75μL1M三氟乙酸/二氯甲烷。10分钟后,加入固体碳酸钠。过滤、蒸发并通过薄层层析(乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶2)纯化得到39mg(86%)产物:
[α]D-29.0°,[α]546-43.7°(c12gL-1,乙酸乙酯);1HNMR(CDCl3)δ7.48-7.25(m,16H),7.21-7.14(m,3H),7.06-6.97(m,4H),6.90(d,1H,J=8Hz),6.79-6.74(m,2H),6.66-6.61(m,2H),6.33(d,1H,J=2.5 Hz),6.20(d,1H,J=2Hz),6.11(d,1H,J=2.5Hz),6.03(d,1H,J=2Hz),5.16(s,2H),5.05-4.97(m,3H),4.94-4.88(m,3H),4.77,4.68(ABq,2H,J=11.5Hz),3.94(d,1H,J=6.5Hz),3.78(s,3H),3.69(s,3H),3.58,3.49(ABq,2H,J=11Hz),3.26(s,3H);13CNMR(CDCl3)δ161.04,159.26,158.17,158.14,157.44,156.54,148.97,148.15,138.04,137.43,137.39,137.17,137.01,132.82,128.51,128.49,128.39,128.31,127.88,127.82,127.68,127.61,127.55,127.51,127.42,127.31,127.12,126.88,126.84,119.72,114.94,113.72,110.80,108.07,94.99,93.30,92.22,90.82,79.98,74.95,71.45,71.02,69.97,69.52,56.21,55.97,55.25,35.11;IR(膜)1605,1590,1151,1113,736,697cm-1.对C59H54O9的计算值:C,78.12;H,6.00实测值:C,77.78;H,5.89.实施例6:3,5,7,3’,4’-五-O-乙酰基-4α-(2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)表儿茶素的制备
向100mg(110μmol)3,5,7,3’,4’-五-O-苄基-4α-(2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)表儿茶素在6mL甲醇/乙酸乙酯(2∶1)的溶液加入20mg 20%载于碳上的氢氧化钯。将混合物在1巴氢气压力下搅拌3小时,这时薄层层析表明反应完成。将催化剂滤除并用甲醇洗涤。将溶液蒸发,残渣真空干燥并在室温下溶解于4mL乙酸酐/吡啶中。搅拌过夜后,将混合物蒸发,加入40mL二氯甲烷,进行相分离,有机相用10mL水和10mL盐水洗涤5次并经硫酸镁干燥。将溶液蒸发,粗产物通过薄层层析(乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶1)纯化而得到30mg(41%)五乙酸盐:
[α]D-38.8°,[α]546-48.0°(c12gL-1,乙酸乙酯);1HNMR(CDCl3)δ7.44(d,1H,J=2Hz),7.33,7.18(ABq,2H,J=8.5Hz,A部分d,J=Hz),6.73,6.44(ABq,2H,J=2.5Hz),6.11,5.98(ABq,2H,J=2.5Hz),5.68(d,1H,J=5.5z),5.25(s,1H),5.00(d,1H,J=5.5Hz),3.88(s,3H)3.77(s,3H),3.36(s,3H),2.27(s,9H),1.58(s,6H);13CNMR(CDCl3)δ169.57,169.02,168.07,168.05,167.74,160.34,160.00,158.55,155.37,148.98,148.46,141.87,141.54,136.10,124.18,123.04,121.77,115.91,108.74,108.15,105.86,90.83,90.17,77.63,68.46,56.11,55.38,55.16,33.78,21.11,20.63,20.06,19.77;IR(膜)1766,1741,1589,1369,1202,1114cm-1.对C34H34O14的计算值:C,61.26;H,5.14实测值:C,61.08;H,5.02.实施例7:5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)表儿茶素的制备
在室温下将4.37g(6.72mmol)5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基表儿茶素(Tückmantel等人,J.Am.Chem.Soc.1999,121,12073-12081),0.69g(10.1mmol,1.5当量)咪唑和1.42g(9.4mmol,1.4当量)叔丁基二甲基硅烷基氯在6mL无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的溶液在一密封烧瓶中搅拌19.5小时。用乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶5作为洗脱液,直接在硅胶上柱层析,接着蒸发并真空干燥得到5.02g(98%)淡黄色玻璃状的硅烷基醚:
1HNMRδ7.47-7.25(m,20H),7.11(s,1H),6.94,6.90(ABq,2H,J=1Hz),6.24 6.22(ABq,2H,J=2Hz)5.15(s,2H),5.14(窄ABq,2H),5.03(s,2H),5.02,4.98(ABq,2H,J=11.5Hz),4.93(s,1H),4.18(窄m,1H,2.86,2.77(ABq,2H,J=17Hz,两部分均为d,J=4Hz)0.76(s,9H,-0.15(s,3H,-0.30(s,3H):13CNMR(CDCl3,TMS)δ158.49,157.85,155.56,148.69,148.29,137.39,137.36,137.25,137.01,132.75,128.55,128.49,128.41,127.93,127.74,127.69,127.63,127.47,127.31,127.07,120.07,115.03,114.21,101.66,94.49,93.45,78.93,71.47,71.36,70.08,69.88,67.48,28.38,25.78,18.07,-5.09,-5.12,-1R(膜)1619,1592,1499,1259,1146,1120,735,696cm-1.对C49H52O6Si的计算值:C,
76.93;H,6.85实测值:C,77.17;H,6.62.实施例8:5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)-4-羟基表儿茶素的制备
在室温下向1.52 g(1.98mmol)5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)表儿茶素在10mL四氢呋喃和0.10mL(5.6mmol)水的溶液中加入1.34g(5.9mmol)2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-对苯醌。将混合物搅拌过夜,然后加入0.61g(5.0mmol)4-(二甲氨基)吡啶,继续搅拌5分钟,并加入20g硅胶。蒸发后,残渣经硅胶(乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶4)过滤而得到1.12g(72%)白色泡沫状产物:
[α]D+2.0°,[α]546+2.2°(c10gL-1,乙酸乙酯);1HNMR(CDCl3)δ7.49-7.22(m,20H),7.14(d,1H,J=2Hz),7.02,6.95(ABq,2H,J=8.5Hz,A部分d,J=2Hz),6.27,6.25(ABq,2H,J=2.5Hz),5.17(s,4H),5.11(窄ABq,2H),5.02(s,2H),5.00(s,1H),4.79(d,1H,J=2Hz),3.88(dd,1H,J=1,2.5Hz),2.35(s,1H),0.70(s,9H),-0.21(s,3H),-0.45(s,3H).13CNMR(CDCl3)δ160.11,158.86,156.27,148.87,148.26,137.32,137.28,136.67,132.20,128.64,128.57,128.41,128.38,128.02,127.99,127.74,127.66,127.62,127.46,127.29,127.09,120.09,115.25,113.98,104.63,94.51,93.67,75.37,71.66,71.47,71.28,70.03,64.18,25.67,17.98,-5.37,-5.51;IR(膜)1617,1593,1259,1153,1026,835,736,697cm-1.对C49H52O7Si的计算值:C,75.35;H,6.71实测值:C,75.21;H,6.65.实施例9:(2R,3S)-5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-3-O-[(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧]黄烷-4-酮的制备
在室温下向0.39g(0.50mmol)5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)-4-羟基表儿茶素在2mL无水二氯甲烷的溶液中加入100mg4埃分子筛、60mg(0.55mmol)N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物和20mg(55μmol)四丙基过钌酸铵。将反应混合物搅拌过夜并蒸发,并将残渣通过柱层析(乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶4)纯化而得到0.38g(99%)白色泡沫状的酮:
[α]D-32.5°,[α]546-39.2°(c12gL-1,乙酸乙酯
);1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.52-7.26(m,20H),7.12(brs,1H),7.00,6.94(ABq,2H,J=8.5Hz,A部分d,J=1Hz),6.22,6.18(ABq,2H,J=2Hz),5.25(s,1H),5.22-5.12(m,6H),5.05,5.01(ABq,2H,J=11.5Hz),4.01(d,1H,J=1.5Hz),0.72(s,9H),-0.11(s,3H),-0.25(s,3 H);13C NMR(CDCl3)δ188.67,164.60,163.94,161.18,148.78,148.73,137.14,136.53,135.77,129.59,128.64,128.46,128.43,128.40,128.29,127.78,127.71,127.62,127.50,127.38,127.22,126.41,120.12,114.90,113.98,104.51,95.04,94.32,81.48,75.10,71.31,71.28,70.19,70.14,25.61,18.12,-5.08,-5.37;IR(膜)1680,1608,1268,1164,1121,736,696 cm-1.对C49H50O7Si的计算值:C,75.55;H,6.47实测值:C,75.67;H,6.39.实施例10:5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-8-溴-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)表儿茶素的制备
将180mg(247μmol)5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-8-溴表儿茶素(Tückmantel等人,J.Am.Chem.Soc.1999,121,12073-12081)、56mg(0.37mmol)叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氯和49mg(0.72mmol)咪唑在1mL无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺在室温下搅拌过夜。将混合物倾入冰水中并用20mL乙醚萃取三次。合并的有机相用20mL水和20mL盐水洗涤三次并经硫酸镁干燥。蒸发和柱层析(硅胶,二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶1∶4)得到187mg(88%)泡沫状产物:
1HNMR(CDCl3)δ7.49-7.27(m,20H),7.19(d,1H,J=1.5Hz),6.95,6.89(ABq,1H,J=8.5Hz,A部分d,J=1.5Hz ),6.20(s,1H),5.15(s,4H),5.08(s,3H),4.99(s,2H),4.22(m,1H),2.89-2.73(m,2H),0.72(s,9H),-0.16(s,3H),-0.33(s,3H);13CNMR(CDCl3)δ156.28,154.40,151.82,148.60,148.02,137.37,137.25,136.81,136.72,132.19,128.51,128.48,128.37,128.35,127.87,127.79,127.64,127.61,127.35,127.22,127.02,127.00,119.44,114.96,113.62,103.48,92.46,79.18,71.38,71.13,70.96,70.16,28.36,25.63,-5.22,-5.26.实施例11:5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)-4-羟基表儿茶素-4,8-[5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)表儿茶素的制备
在-78℃及氮气气氛下向450mg(533μmol)5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-8-溴-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)表儿茶素在2mL无水四氢呋喃的溶液中加入0.64mL(1.1mmol)叔丁基锂(1.7 M的戊烷溶液)。在-78℃下搅拌60分钟后,加入280mg(359μmol)(2R,3S)-5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-3-O-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧]黄烷-4-酮在2mL无水四氢呋喃中的溶液。在-78℃保持另外3小时后,加入2mL氯化铵水溶液,并将混合物温热到室温并用20mL二氯甲烷萃取三次。将合并的有机相经硫酸镁干燥并蒸发,并将残渣在硅胶上层析(二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶1∶10)而得到410mg(74%)无色泡沫状产物:
[α]D-9.2°,[α]546-11.6°(c24gL-1,乙酸乙酯);1HNMR(CDCl3)δ7.45-7.10(m,37H),7.07(t,2H,J=7.5Hz),6.95-6.84(m,4H),6.79(t,2H,J=8Hz),6.48(d,1H,J=8Hz),6.14(s,1H),5.95(d,1H,J=2Hz),5.65(d,1H,J=2Hz),5.43(d,1H,J=2.5Hz),5.32(d,1H,J=11.5Hz),5.12°约4.8(m,9H),4.93,4.85(ABq,2H,J=12Hz),4.80-4.70(m,3H),4.63,4.41(ABq,2H,J=11Hz,4.61(d,1H,J=11.5Hz),4.09(s,1H),3.84(brs,1H),2.88,2.79(ABq,2H,J=17Hz,B part d with J=4Hz),0.78(s,9H),0.70(s,9H),-0.25(s,3H),-0.27(s,3H),-0.33(s,3H),-0.46(s,3H);13CNMR(CDCl3)δ158.46,157.95,157.32,155.93,154.14,153.06,148.42,148.37,147.71,147.62,137.72,137.63,137.61,137.51,137.35,137.26,137.21,137.18,133.41,132.68,128.56,128.47,128.33,128.30,128.28,128.26,128.21,127.95,127.64,127.60,127.51,127.43,127.26,127.20,127.12,126.95,119.99,118.89,115.46,114.65,114.54,114.43,113.63,111.74,103.42,94.96,94.31,93.71,79.37,76.14,75.40,73.89,72.79,71.47,71.31,71.23,70.15,69.88,69.62,66.88,29.90,26.12,25.76,18.12,16.98,-4.90,-5.03,-5.32,-5.40;IR(膜) 1591,1511,1266,1119,1026,835,735,696cm-1.实施例12:5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)表儿茶素-4α,8-[5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)表儿茶素的制备
在0℃下向240mg(155μmol)5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)-4-羟基表儿茶素-4,8-[5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)表儿茶素]在1mL无水二氯甲烷的溶液中加入50μL(186μmol)氢化三正丁基锂,接着加入154μL三氟乙酸(1M的二氯甲烷溶液)。在1小时后,加入1g固体碳酸钠,将溶液过滤并蒸发。将残渣在硅胶上层析(二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶1∶10)而得到181mg(76%)无色泡沫状的产物:
[α]D-14.9°,[α]546-19.1°(c15gL-1,乙酸乙酯);1HNMR(CDCl3)δ7.49(t,4H,J=7Hz),7.44-7.15 (m,34H),7.13(s,1H),7.09(d,1H,J=8.5Hz),6.97,6.93(ABq,2H,J=8Hz,B部分br),6.82,6.61(ABq,2H,J=8Hz,A部分br),6.77(d,2H,J=6.5Hz),6.08(s,1H),6.05,5.93(ABq,2H,J=2Hz),5.22-5.00(m,12H),4.89(s,1H),4.80(d,1H,J=11.5Hz),4.74,4.68(ABq, 2H,J=11Hz,4.59,4.48(ABq,2H,J=11Hz),4.43(d,1H, J=5.5Hz),4.34(d,1H,部分重叠),4.31(s,1H),4.02(brd,1H,J=2Hz),2.97,2.85(ABq,2H,J=17Hz,B部分d,J=4.5Hz),0.71(s,9H),0.61(s,9H),-0.32,-0.39,-0.89,-0.99(均为S,3H);13CNMR(CDCl3)δ157.92,157.34,157.25,155.52,153.63,148.97,148.95,148.40,147.99,137.67,137.47,137.43,137.39,137.26,137.24,137.19,137.14,133.84,133.46,128.51,128.45,128.39,128.34,127.89,127.79,127.73,127.66,127.62,127.59,127.55,127.46,127.35,127.33,127.08,127.03,126.65,126.55,119.87,119.72,115.29,115.15,114.47,114.32,110.32,108.59,101.60,94.91,93.18,91.38,81.25,78.79,71.67,71.61,71.40,71.35,71.28,69.90,69.70,69.46,69.15,67.56,36.90,29.57,26.09,25.81,18.16,17.96,-5.21,-5.24,-5.42,-6.22.对C98H102O12Si2的计算值:C,77.03;H,6.73实测值:C,77.02;H,6.63.实施例13:5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基表儿茶素-4α,8-(5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基表儿茶素)的制备
在0℃下向130mg(85μmol)5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)表儿茶素-4α,8-[5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-3-O-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)表儿茶素在1mL乙腈的溶液中加入50μL48%氢氟酸水溶液。将混合物在室温下搅拌8小时,然后加入10mL乙酸乙酯,并将溶液用10mL碳酸氢钠水溶液、水和盐水洗涤。经硫酸镁干燥和蒸发后,将残渣在硅胶上层析(二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶1∶5为洗脱液)而得到89mg(81%)泡沫状产物:
[α]D-94.2 °,[α]546-115°(c9gL-1,乙酸乙酯);1HNMR(选择,2种旋光异构体约3∶2,MR=主,mr=次旋光异构体)δ6.63(d,1H,MR,J=2Hz),6.35,6.30(ABq,2H,MR, J=2Hz),6.05(d,1H,mr,J=1.5Hz),6.02(s,1H,MR),4.25(dd,1H,MR,J=5.5,9.5Hz),4.16(dd,1H,mr,J=5,9Hz),3.60(d,1H,MR,J=9.5Hz),3.24(d,1H,mr,J=9Hz),2.99,2.87(ABq,2H,mr,J=17.5Hz,B部分重叠),2.85,2.69(ABq,2H,MR,J=17.5Hz,B部分d,J=5Hz),1.59(d,1H,MR,J=8Hz),1.39(d,1H,mr,J=5Hz);13CNMR(CDCl3)δ159.03,158.31,158.14,157.99,157.02,156.50,156.29,156.05,155.94,155.48,153.38,152.76,149.1-148.4,137.6-136.9,136.55,136.44,132.07,131.65,130.51,128.6-127.0,120.49,120.43,119.42,119.22,115.0-114.2,113.41,113.30,110.76,110.29,106.97,106.30,102.22,101.40,95.64,95.03,94.31,93.98,92.41,91.98,80.52,79.84,78.16,77.88,71.7-69.6,66.07,65.94,35.89,35.37,28.84,28.41,MS(API-ES,甲醇溶液/NH4OH)m/z1316.6(M+NH4 +;对13C12C85H78NO12的计算值1317.6),1299.5(M+13C12C85H74O12的计算值1299.5);967.4;649.3(M2+).C86H74O12:C,79.49;H,5.74实测值:C,79.59;H,6.21.实施例14:5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基表儿茶素-4α,8-[5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-3-O-(3,4,5-三-O-苄基棓酰)表儿茶素]的制备
向68mg(154μmol)三-O-苄基棓酸和1μLN,N-二甲基甲酰胺在1mL无水二氯甲烷的悬浮液中加入15μL(0.17mmol)草酰氯。在室温下搅拌并排除水分2小时后,将得到的溶液蒸发并将残渣真空干燥。将40mg(31μmol)5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基表儿茶素-4α,8-(5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基表儿茶素)在0.5mL无水吡啶的溶液中加入到粗制酰氯中,加入24mg(0.20mmol)4-(二甲氨基)吡啶,并将混合物在室温下在封闭烧瓶中搅拌48小时。加入20μL水后,在室温下继续搅拌2小时。加入10mL5%HCl,将产物用5mL二氯甲烷萃取三次。将有机相经硫酸镁干燥并浓缩,并将粗制物通过硅胶柱层析纯化(乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶4)。蒸发和真空干燥得到50mg(94%)产物:
[α]D-122°,[α]546-149°(乙酸乙酯,c12gL-1);1HNMR(CDCl3;选择;2种旋光异构体,约3∶1,MR=主,mr=次旋光异构体)δ 6.54(d,1H,MR,J=8.5Hz),6.35(d,1H,mr,J=2 Hz),6.08(s,1H,mr),5.39(窄m,1H,MR+mr),5.18(d,1H,MR,J=5.5Hz),5.10(d,1H,MR,J=5Hz),4.30(dd,1H,MR,J=5.5,9.5Hz),4.18(s,1H,MR),4.12(dd,1H,mr,J=4.5,9.5Hz)3.58(d,1H,MR,J=9.5Hz),3.18(窄m,2H,mr),3.10(d,1H,J=9.5Hz),2.88(窄m,2H,MR);13CNMR(CDCl3;忽略旋光异构体的弱信号)δ165.10,158.14,158.00,157.06,156.47,155.59,153.00,152.33,148.67,148.63,148.44,142.43,137.5-136.4,132.04,131.31,128.6-127.0,124.92,119.97,119.55,114.53,114.36,114.29,113.26,110.85,108.74,107.03,101.98,95.03,94.01,91.80,80.69,74.94,71.14,71.10,70.99,70.77, 69.94,68.28,35.53,26.13.对C114H96O16的计算值:C,79.51;H,5.62实测值:C,79.65;H,5.38.实施例15:表儿茶素-4α,8-(3-O-棓酰表儿茶素)的制备
将22mg(13μmol)5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基表儿茶素-4α,8-[5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基-3-O-(3,4,5-三-O-苄基棓酰)表儿茶素]在4mL乙酸乙酯/甲醇(1∶1)中的溶液在3.5巴和室温下经33mg 20%碳上的氢氧化钯氢化4.5小时。经棉花过滤并蒸发后,将残渣从2mL水(HPLC级)冻干得到6.3mg(67%)无色无定形固体的表儿茶素-4α,8-(3-O-棓酰表儿茶素):
1HNMR(CDCl3;选择,2种旋光异构体,约3∶1,MR=主,mr=次旋光异构体)δ7.06(d,1H,MR,J=1.5Hz),7.0-6.65(m),6.54(d,1H,mr,J=8.5Hz),6.47(d,1H,mr,J=2Hz),6.20(d,1H,mr,J=2Hz),6.15(s,1H,mr,6.03(dd,1H,mr,J=2,8.5Hz),5.99(d,1H,mr,J=2.5Hz),5.96(d,1H,MR,J=2Hz),5.93(s,MR,IH,5.82(d, 1H,MR,J=2Hz),5.56(窄m,1H,MR+mr),5.32(窄m,1H,mr),5.18(s,1H,MR,5.08(d,1H,MR,J=5Hz),5.05(d,1H,mr,J=5Hz),4.28(d,1H,MR,J=5Hz),4.00(d,1H,mr,J=5Hz),3.07,2.87(ABq,2H,MR,J=17.5Hz,A部分d,J=4.5Hz,2.96,2.80(ABq,2H,mr部分与前面信号重叠).MS(电喷雾)m/z 729.2(M+;对C37H30O16:的计算值:730.2).实施例16:3,5,7,3′,4′-五-O-苄基-8-溴表儿茶素的制备
在室温下向29mg(0.73mmol)氢化钠(60%在油中)在2mL无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的悬浮液中加入在3mL无水二甲基甲酰胺中的450mg(617μmol)5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基表儿茶素(Tückmantel等人,J.Am.Chem.Soc.1999,121,12073-12081)。搅拌30分钟后,加入90μL(0.73mmol)苄基溴和20mg(54μmol)碘化四丁基铵。将混合物搅拌过夜,倾入冰水中并用50mL乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将合并的有机相用50mL水和50mL盐水洗涤三次,经硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。柱层析(乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶2)得到480mg(95%)产物:
1HNMR(CDCl3)δ7.50-7.15(m,23H),6.99(m,2H,6.95,6.90(ABq,2H,J=8.5Hz,A部分dwith J=1.5Hz),6.23(s,1H),5.19(s,2H,5.11(s,4H),4.97(s,2H),4.38,4.29(ABq,2H,J=12.5Hz),3.97(窄m,1H),2.95,2.80(ABq,2H,J=17Hz,两部分均为d,J=3.5和4.5Hz);13CNMRδ156.44,154.62,151.94,148.65,148.12,137.92,137.41,137.26,136.75,136.71,131.68,119.15,114.74,113.29,103.40,93.11,92.76,78.06,72.13,71.32,71.26,71.21,70.83,70.22,24.73;IR(膜)1605,1580,1177,1125,1095,735,697cm-1-2对C50H43BrO6的计算值:C,73.26;H,5.29实测值:C,72.81;H,5.12.实施例17:3,5,7,3′,4′-五-O-苄基-8-溴儿茶素的制备
在常温和氮气气氛下,在5分钟内,在搅拌下往0.23g(5.8mmol)氢化钠(60%在矿物油中的悬浮液)中加入在8mL无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的2.82g(3.87mmol)5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基儿茶素(Tückmantel等人,J.Am.Chem.Soc.1999,121,12073-12081)。10分钟后,用10分钟在水冷却下加入0.74mL(6.2mmol)纯苄基溴。将混合物在室温下搅拌70分钟,然后用1mL水小心水解。加入80mL水,产物萃取到40+20mL甲苯中,将合并的有机相用80mL水洗涤并蒸发。残渣在硅胶上层析;先用乙酸乙酯/氯仿/己烷1∶2∶17洗脱出初流分,产物用乙酸乙酯/氯仿/己烷1∶9∶10洗脱。蒸发和真空干燥(室温,然后80℃)得到3.13g(99%)无色玻璃状产物:
[α]D-15.7°,[α]546-18.8°(乙酸乙酯,c41.2gL-1);1HNMR(CDCl3)δ7.48-7.21(m,23H),7.10(m,2H),7.00(s,1H),6.91(窄ABq,2H,6.22(s,1H),5.17(s,2H),5.10(窄ABq,4H),4.99(d,1H,J=7Hz),4.97(s,2H),4.34,4.22(ABq,2H,J=12Hz),3.72(dt,1H,J=5.5Hz(d),7Hz(t)),2.88,2.73(ABq,2H,J=17.5Hz,两部分d,分别为J=5.5和7.5Hz);13CNMR(CDCl3)δ156.14,154.66,151.23,148.69,148.62,137.87,137.28,137.12,136.71,136.65,131.88,128.59,128.55,128.46,128.42,128.27,128.01,127.89,127.77,127.71,127.63,127.36,127.24,127.17,127.03,119.80,114.78,13.37,104.00,92.72,79.71,74.03,71.49,71.29,71.26,70.99,70.23,25.32;IR(膜)1605,1580,1513,1126,1097,736,696 cm-1.实施例18:3,5,7,3′,4′-五-O-苄基-4-羟基表儿茶素-4,8-(五-O-苄基表儿茶素)的制备
在-78℃及氮气气氛下,向200mg(244μmol)3,5,7,3′,4′-五-O-苄基-8-溴儿茶素在1mL无水四氢呋喃的溶液中加入0.30mL(0.51mmol)叔丁基锂(1.7M,在戊烷中)。在-78℃搅拌90分钟后,加入120mg(159μmol)(2R,3S)-3,5,7,3’,4’-五(苄氧基)黄烷-4-酮在1mL无水四氢呋喃中的溶液。再于-78℃下保持3小时后,加入2mL氯化铵水溶液,让混合物升至室温并用20mL二氯甲烷萃取三次。合并的有机相经硫酸镁干燥并蒸发,残渣在硅胶上层析(二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶1∶8)而得到165mg(69%)无色泡沫状产物:
[α]D-14.7°,[α]546-18.7°(c10gL-1,乙酸乙酯);1HNMR(CDCl3;2种旋光异构体,比例1∶5.5)主旋光异构体(或两种旋光异构体的重叠复谱线)δ7.47-6.84(m,52H),6.79-6.70(m,4H),6.44(s,1,6.37(dd,1H,J=8,1Hz),5.95,5.71(ABq,2H,J=2Hz),5.44(s,1H),5.12(s,2H),approx.5.1-4.8(m,3H),5.08(s,2H),4.94(s,2H),4.85(s,2H),4.78,4.73(ABq,2H,J=11.5Hz),4.61(d,1H,J=11.5Hz),4.61,4.53(ABq,2H,J=11.5Hz),4.60(d,1H,J=12Hz),4.31(d,1H,J=12Hz),4.21(s,1H),4.16(s,1H),4.12(d,1H,J=12Hz),4.04(d,1H,J=12.5Hz),3.60(d,1H,J=2.5Hz),3.12,2.68(ABq,2H,J=17.5Hz,B part d with J=4.5Hz),次旋光异构体(可辨别信号)δ5.14,5.90(2H,J=2Hz),6.09(s,1H),3.90(窄m,1H),3.15,2.91(ABq,2H,J=17.5Hz,两部分为d,分别为J=2和4Hz);13CNMR(CDCl3,只主旋光异构体)δ158.15,157.86,157.23,156.96,154.30,154.07,149.01,148.1~,148.10,147.77,138.90,138.38,137.59,137.55,137.47,137.38,137.35,137.30,137.08,136.72,133.07,131.62,128.62,128.54,128.39,128.28,′128.24,128.20,128.14,128.08,128.00,127.91,127.76,127.60,127.48,127.46,127.22,127.14,127.07,126.73,126.99,119.96,119.80,118.92,114.74,114.67,113.67,113.59,113.44,111.15,102.28,94.22,93.84,93.43,81.34,78.73,76.30,74.70,74.56,72.46,72.19,71.43,71.01,70.75,69.91,69.53,69.38,69.36,25.56;IR(膜)3520(br),1592,1511,1267,1118,735,696cm-1.C100H86O13:的计算值:C,80.30;H,5.80实测值:C,80.20;H,5.66.实施例19:五-O-苄基表儿茶素-4α,8-(五-O-苄基表儿茶素)的制备
在0℃下向70mg(46.8μmol)3,5,7,3′,4′-五-O-苄基-4-羟基表儿茶素-4,8-(五-O-苄基表儿茶素)在1mL无水二氯甲烷的溶液中加入20μL(74μmol)氢化三正丁基锡,接着加入71μL三氟乙酸(1M二氯甲烷溶液)。1小时后,加入1g固体碳酸钠,将溶液过滤并蒸发。残渣在硅胶上层析(二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯/己烷1∶1∶8)而得到55mg(79%)无色泡沫状产物:
1HNMR(CDCl3;2种旋光异构体,约2.8∶1,MR=主,mr=次旋光异构体)δ7.48-6.74(in,56H),6.62(d,MR,1H,J=8.5Hz),6.49(brs,mr,1H),6.28-6.04(m,3H),5.18-3.45(series of m,25H),3.14,2.77(ABq,MR,2H,J=17Hz,两部分为d,分别为J=1和4Hz),2.93,2.54(ABq,mr,2H,J=17.5Hz,B部分d,J=5Hz);13CNMR(CDCl3;忽略次旋光异构体的弱信号
)δ158.04,157.48,156.79,155.65,152.93,148.94,148.76,148.43,148.10,138.51,138.34,137.91,137.47,137.44,137.39,137.32,137.24,137.11,132.98,132.77,128.57,128.49,128.47,128.44,128.38,128.36,128.28,127.96,127.75,127.69,127.61,127.55,127.50,127.48,127.38,127.29,127.27,127.21,127.17,126.77,119.77,119.48,114.51,114.10,113.83,110.53,108.29,100.98,94.96,93.40,92.31,80.21,78.13,77.58,75.06,72.49,71.39,71.18,71.11,70.87,70.70,70.65,70.03,69.84,69.60,34.89,24.89;IR(膜)1606,1593,1266,1112,734,696cm-1.C100H86O12的计算值:C,81.17;H,5.86.实测值:C,80.89;H,5.62.实施例20:表儿茶素-4α,8-表儿茶素的制备
在室温和5巴下将40mg(31μmol)5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基表儿茶素-4α,8-(5,7,3′,4′-四-O-苄基表儿茶素)在5mL甲醇/四氢呋喃/水(20∶20∶1)的溶液经60mg 20%载于碳上的氢氧化钯氢化5小时。将催化剂经celite滤除,固体物用10mL甲醇洗涤并将溶液蒸发。残渣溶解在HPLC级水中,将溶液用5mL甲苯洗涤以去除非极性杂质。将溶液再蒸发并然后从5mL HPLC级水冷冻干燥而得到13mg(73%)无色无定形固体形式的表儿茶素-4α,8-表儿茶素:
[α]D-38.6°(c1.4gL-1,甲醇);1HNMR(CD3OD,TMS;只主旋光异构体)δ7.06(d,1H,J=1Hz),7.01(d,1H,J=1Hz),6.90-6.68(m,4H,5.99(d,1H,J=2Hz),5.92(s,1H),5.83(d,1H,J=2Hz),5.04(d,1H,J=4.5Hz),4.96(s,1H),4.94(s,1H),4.30(d,1H,J=4.5Hz),4.29(br,1H),2.95,2.80(ABq,2H,J=17Hz,两部分为d,分别为J=1.5Hz);13CNMR(CD3OD,TMS;只列出其强度显示为属于主旋光异构体的信号
)δ 157.78,156.82,156.69,154.48,146.04,145.94,145.82,145.76,132.32,132.30,129.56,128.92,128.82,119.21,115.97,115.89,115.24,100.74,97.62,97.49,96.60,80.98,79.98,72.33,66.98,36.71,29.68;MS(电喷雾)m/z 1155.6((2M+;C60H52O24的计算值:1156.3),577.3(M+;C30H26O12的计算值:578.1).C30H26O12·3.4H2O
的计算值:C,56.32;H,5.17实测值:C,56.27;H,4.82.实施例21:五-O-乙酰基表儿茶素-4α,8-(五-O-乙酰基表儿茶素)的制备
向75mg(51μmol)五-O-苄基表儿茶素-4α,8-(五-O-苄基表儿茶素)在2mL甲醇和1mL乙酸乙酯的溶液中加入10mg 20%载于碳上的氢氧化钯。将混合物在1巴的氢气压力下搅拌10小时,过滤并蒸发。将粗制脱保护的二聚物溶解于3mL乙酸酐/吡啶(1∶2)中,并将混合物搅拌过夜。蒸发后,加入30mL乙酸乙酯。将溶液用20mL水和20mL盐水洗涤5次,经硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。残渣在硅胶上层析(乙酸乙酯/己烷2∶1)而得到12mg(24%)过乙酸盐:
[α]D+10.0°,[α]546+11.3°(c6gL-1,乙酸乙酯);1HNMR(CDCl3/苯-d61∶1)δ7.63(s,1H),7.44(s,1H),7.19(s,2H),7.13(s,2H),6.75,6.64(ABq,2H,J=2Hz),6.62(s,1H),6.57(s,2H),5.85(d,1H,J=5.5Hz),5.24(窄m,1H),5.13(d,1H,J=5.5Hz),5.01(s,1H),4.64(s,1H),2.91,2.69(ABq,2H,J=17.Hz,两部分为d,分别为J=2.5和3.5H2.023(s,3H),2.018(s,3H),1.97(s,3H),1.96(s,3H),1.94(s,3H),1.92(s,3H),1.82(s,3H),1.74(s,3H),1.70(s,3H),1.63(s,3H);13CNMR(CDCl3/苯-d61∶1,TMS)δ170.47,169.45,168.68,168.31,168.04,167.95,167.78,167.73,167.67,167.25,155.79,152.11,149.99,149.50,148.92,148.26,142.69,142.62,142.20,141.99,136.18,136.10,125.00,124.64,123.34,123.17,122.01,114.72,114.26,109.67,109.60,108.74,108.51,77.96,77.83,67.80,65.80,34.60,25.70,20.63,20.44,20.42,20.32,20.31,20.27,20.20,19.96;IR(膜)1770,1746,1621,1595,1371,1207,903,734 cm-1.
Claims (24)
1.一种制备4α-芳基取代的表儿茶素衍生物的方法,所述方法包括下面步骤:
(a)保护5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基表儿茶素的C-3羟基;
(b)氧化C-3受保护的5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基表儿茶素的C-4位;
(c)向C-4氧化、C-3受保护的5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基表儿茶素中加入亲核芳基有机金属试剂;和
(d)脱除C-3受保护的4-芳基-5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基-4-羟基表儿茶素C-4位的氧而形成C-3受保护的4α-芳基-5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基表儿茶素。
2.权利要求1的方法,所述方法还包括去除C-3保护基的步骤。
3.权利要求1的方法,所述方法还包括去除苄基的步骤。
4.权利要求3的方法,其中所述苄基通过氢解去除。
5.权利要求3的方法,所述方法还包括将羟基乙酰化的步骤。
6.权利要求1的方法,其中所述4-芳基取代基是表儿茶素或儿茶素的衍生物。
7.权利要求5的方法,其中所述表儿茶素或儿茶素通过表儿茶素或儿茶素的C-8位连接。
8.权利要求5的方法,其中所述亲核芳基有机金属试剂通过C-3受保护的5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基-8-溴表儿茶素与叔丁基锂的反应形成。
9.权利要求1的方法,其中所述4-芳基取代基是三甲氧基苯基。
10.权利要求1的方法,其中所述C-3保护基团是苄基或三烷基甲硅烷基保护基。
11.权利要求10的方法,其中所述三烷基甲硅烷基保护基是叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基。
12.权利要求1的方法,其中所述C-3受保护的5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基-4-酮表儿茶素在氧化步骤中产生。
13.权利要求12的方法,其中所述氧化步骤如下进行:
(a)使C-3受保护的5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基表儿茶素与醌型氧化剂反应而形成C-3受保护的5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基-4-羟基表儿茶素;和
(b)使C-3受保护的5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基-4-羟基表儿茶素与N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物和四丙基过钌酸铵反应。
14.权利要求1的方法,其中所述脱氧步骤通过4-芳基-5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基-4-羟基表儿茶素与三烷基金属氢化物和有机酸反应来完成。
15.权利要求14的方法,其中所述三烷基金属氢化物是氢化三丁基锡或三乙基硅烷,并且所述有机酸是三氟乙酸。
16.权利要求2的方法,所述方法还包括对4-芳基-5,7,3’,4’-四-O-苄基表儿茶素的C-3位衍生化形成至少一种C-3酯的步骤。
17.权利要求16的方法,其中所述衍生化剂选自咖啡酸、肉桂酸、香豆酸、阿魏酸、棓酸、羟基苯甲酸和芥子酸。
18.权利要求16的方法,所述方法还包括去除苄基的步骤。
19.权利要求18的方法,其中所述苄基通过氢解去除。
20.权利要求18的方法,所述方法还包括乙酰化羟基的步骤。
24.一种下式的化合物:式中R2为氢、苄基或乙酰基,并且其中R3和R4独立为氢、乙酰基、受保护的棓酰基或棓酰基。
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- 2001-08-21 CA CA002421513A patent/CA2421513A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-08-21 JP JP2002525127A patent/JP2004508362A/ja not_active Abandoned
- 2001-08-21 RU RU2003109618/04A patent/RU2281942C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-08-21 AU AU2001283472A patent/AU2001283472B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-08-21 DE DE60130785T patent/DE60130785D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-21 WO PCT/US2001/026175 patent/WO2002020506A2/en active IP Right Grant
-
2002
- 2002-08-08 US US10/214,830 patent/US6720432B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-02-20 US US10/783,801 patent/US7126014B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2006
- 2006-10-05 US US11/543,415 patent/US20070197804A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103582635A (zh) * | 2011-01-27 | 2014-02-12 | 斯法尔制药私人有限公司 | 用于合成多酚的新方法 |
Also Published As
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AU2001283472B9 (en) | 2002-03-22 |
CA2421513A1 (en) | 2002-03-14 |
US20070197804A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
US6476241B1 (en) | 2002-11-05 |
US6720432B2 (en) | 2004-04-13 |
US20030100775A1 (en) | 2003-05-29 |
AU8347201A (en) | 2002-03-22 |
EP1317437B1 (en) | 2007-10-03 |
AU2001283472B2 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
ATE374759T1 (de) | 2007-10-15 |
JP2004508362A (ja) | 2004-03-18 |
DE60130785D1 (de) | 2007-11-15 |
WO2002020506A2 (en) | 2002-03-14 |
IL154729A0 (en) | 2003-10-31 |
US20050014958A1 (en) | 2005-01-20 |
EP1317437A2 (en) | 2003-06-11 |
WO2002020506A3 (en) | 2003-02-06 |
CN100358885C (zh) | 2008-01-02 |
RU2281942C2 (ru) | 2006-08-20 |
US7126014B2 (en) | 2006-10-24 |
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