CN1463596A - Freshwater prawn transvaalensis method - Google Patents
Freshwater prawn transvaalensis method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1463596A CN1463596A CN02121563A CN02121563A CN1463596A CN 1463596 A CN1463596 A CN 1463596A CN 02121563 A CN02121563 A CN 02121563A CN 02121563 A CN02121563 A CN 02121563A CN 1463596 A CN1463596 A CN 1463596A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The artificial crossbreeding process of pond caray features the paired culture of female and male parent caray of different varieties, promoting estrus by artificial means, taking out the sperm atophore of male caray and attaching it to between the fourth and the fifth walking legs of female caray, alone culturing of the female caray to complete spawning and hatching and to obtain hybrid caray fry. The present invention provides one feasible way for breeding hybrid pond caray and it expects to breed excellent new variety of shrimp.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the shrimps breeding technique, a kind of more precisely spermatophore of using is transplanted the method for carrying out the interspecific cross of pond crayfish class.
Background technology
Hybridization has obtained great achievement in plant breeding, the popularization of hybrid rice is increased production whole world grain significantly; Hybridization has also obtained remarkable effect in the aquatic products field, and good hybridization carps such as the lotus unit carp that China scientist brings out, rich carp, high mountain carp have obtained large-scale popularization, and the carp per mu yield is improved greatly; The Kursk carp that the scientist of the former Soviet Union brings out by cross method, cold resistance is strong, makes the carp culture district advance 6 latitudes northwards.
Fish oosperm exsomatizes and grows, and does not rely on parent fully, during artificial insemination, only needs the ovum and the sperm of maturation are extruded respectively, mixes then to get final product, and therefore hybridizes more convenient.
Prawn in the shrimps is oogenesis not, promptly is scattered in behind the ovum fertilization in the water to grow voluntarily, and its modes of reproduction and fish have similar part; On the other hand, the male and female prawn is not needing strict the cooperation aspect the time in breeding, can shift to an earlier date the several months male shrimp spermatophore is implanted in the female shrimp receptaculum seminis.Just because of this, in shrimps, the interspecific cross of prawn takes the lead in making a breakthrough.
The pond crayfish class is a shrimp with ovums, and its modes of reproduction is very special: the male shrimp of (1) pond crayfish class must be in reproductive moult several hours appears in female shrimp and its mating, requires on the time that male and female are strict to be cooperated; (2) the female belly of prawn has receptaculum seminis, be convenient to the storage of spermatophore, and the pond crayfish class does not have receptaculum seminis, and spermatophore must be bonded at abdomen body-surface; (3) pond crayfish class fertilized egg sticks at female shrimp belly, and whole growth course all can not be left parent, promptly has the oogenesis phenomenon.Sandifer﹠amp; Smith (1979) once attempted the interspecific cross of pond crayfish class, but did not achieve success.Grazianid etc. (2002) have also explored the artificial interspecific cross of pond crayfish class, do not achieve success equally.For a long time, the artificial interspecific cross of pond crayfish class is a difficult problem of failing to capture always.
The most of economic freshwater shrimps of China all belong to pond crayfish, as freshwater shrimp, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Hainan pond crayfish etc., in recent years, high speed development along with aquaculture, production scale and cultured output sharply increase, and the intensification degree improves constantly, and serious deterioration of variety appears in freshwater aquiculture shrimps such as freshwater shrimp, culture benefit sharply descends, the development of serious threat fresh water shrimps aquaculture.Realize the sustainable development of fresh water shrimp culture, must set about from breed improvement.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve and fail the technical barrier of the pond crayfish class interspecific cross of capturing for a long time always, for the crossbreeding of pond crayfish class provides a kind of feasible method.
Realize the main technical schemes of the object of the invention: female male parent shrimp pairing that will be not of the same race is cultured, sex hormone is promoted the sexual maturity, when the reproduction decortication appears in female shrimp, the spermatophore of male shrimp is taken out, stick between the 4th pair of step of female shrimp belly and the 5th pair of step, female then shrimp is cultured separately, treats that it lays eggs, change the raising of hatching cylinder over to after finishing oogenesis, until hatching hybridization shrimp seedling.
The artificial interspecific cross method of pond crayfish class of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) select the parent: pick out one-tenth shrimp individual big and healthy and strong, disease-free, that do not have permanent disability, body surface and do not have parasite, be in a good state of nutrition and do the parent, the female shrimp head back side should partly or entirely be full of gonad, should the be visible white gonad in male shrimp head both sides group;
(2) promote the sexual maturity: with female male parent shrimp by 1: it is that the aquarium of 25-35cm is raised that the depth of water is put in 3-5 pairing, the fish of adding 30-90ppm in the freshwater shrimp manufactured feed is used hormone LH-RH-A, and in the freshwater shrimp manufactured feed: pork liver: pig kidney: screw meat: potato silk=2: 0.5: 0.5: 1: 1 ratio is thrown something and fed, every morning 8:00, afternoon 4:00 and evening 9:00 respectively feed once, each feeding volume is the 5-8% of shrimp gross weight, first soil pick-up and additional fresh water aeration before each bait throwing in, keep water temperature 22-29 ℃, the water body dissolved oxygen amount remains on more than 5 mg/litre, and place some branches as things concealed, described aquarium is of a size of length * wide * height=100 * 50 * 60cm, and lean on southern window to put, shine 2-3 hour sunlight every day;
(3) artificial insemination is that spermatophore is transplanted: when finding female shrimp reproductive moult, after treating that it finishes reproductive moult, female shrimp is pulled out, blot body surface moisture content with filter paper, select the male shrimp of fully-developed then, blot its body surface moisture content with filter paper equally, with tweezers the spermatophore of male shrimp is extruded, and spermatophore is pasted between the 4th pair of step and the 5th pair of step of female shrimp belly, leave standstill, put into the oogenesis cylinder;
(4) oogenesis: test-tube female shrimp is raised separately in the oogenesis cylinder of depth of water 15-25cm, one shrimp, one cylinder, must not raise together with male shrimp, keep water quality salubrious, oxygen increasing pump oxygenation in 24 hours, the freshwater shrimp manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding, screw meat and potato silk, its proportioning is 2: 2: 1 (weight), every morning 8:00 and evening 6:00 respectively feed once, each feeding volume is the 5-8% of female shrimp body weight, first soil pick-up and additional fresh water aeration before each bait throwing in, and water temperature is kept 22-29 ℃, the female shrimp of transplanting spermatophore in 12-72 hour lays eggs and oogenesis, and described oogenesis cylinder is of a size of length * wide * height=50 * 30 * 35cm;
(5) hatching: the hatching cylinder that the female shrimp of oogenesis is changeed depth of water 15-25cm is raised separately and is hatched, keep water temperature 22-29 ℃, dissolved oxygen amount remains on more than 5 mg/litre, throw something and feed freshwater shrimp manufactured feed, screw meat and potato silk, its proportioning is 1: 1: 1 (weight), every morning 8:00, afternoon 4:00 and evening 9:00 respectively feed once, each feeding volume is the 5-8% of female shrimp body weight, first soil pick-up and additional fresh water aeration before each bait throwing in, hatched hybridization shrimp seedling in 10-20 days, described hatching cylinder is of a size of length * wide * height=60 * 30 * 35cm.
Described LH-RH-A, Chinese short corpus luteum releasing hormone by name, D-alanine analog is Shanghai beautiful pearl east wind biotech inc production.
Described freshwater shrimp manufactured feed is that sky, Ningbo feed technology limited company of nation produces.
Advantage of the present invention and effect:
The present invention is the breakthrough first of the artificial interspecific cross of pond crayfish class, not only has huge theory significance, and lay a good foundation for the crossbreeding of fresh water shrimps, be expected to turn out thus good shrimps new varieties, improve the economic benefit of shrimp culture, promote China's culture fishery health, the development of stablizing, continuing.
Embodiment
Further the present invention is elaborated below by instantiation.
Example 1
Female close shrimp is a freshwater shrimp, the long 5.5-7cm of body, and the head back side is full of gonad, the color greening, male close shrimp is Hainan pond crayfish, the long 5-7cm of body, the visible white gonad in head both sides group;
The LH-RH-A dosage of promoting the sexual maturity is 60ppm, and water temperature is controlled at 22-29 ℃, and reproductive moult appears in female shrimp after 7 days;
Finished the spermatophore transplanting in about 6 hours behind the female shrimp reproductive moult, put back in the water and raise;
Under 26-27 ℃ of water temperature, spermatophore was transplanted back 45 hours, and female shrimp lays eggs and oogenesis;
The female shrimp of oogenesis hatches under 22-29 ℃ of water temperature, hatches about 500 tails of hybridization shrimp seedling after 13 days.
Example 2
Female close shrimp is a freshwater shrimp, the long 5.5-7cm of body, and the head back side is full of gonad, the color greening, male close shrimp is Hainan pond crayfish, the long 5-7cm of body, the visible white gonad in head both sides group;
The LH-RH-A dosage of promoting the sexual maturity is 40ppm, and water temperature is controlled at 22-29 ℃, and reproductive moult appears in female shrimp after 10 days;
Finished the spermatophore transplanting in about 8 hours behind the female shrimp reproductive moult, put back in the water and raise;
Under 27-29 ℃ of water temperature, spermatophore was transplanted back 36 hours, and female shrimp lays eggs and oogenesis;
The female shrimp of oogenesis hatches under 22-29 ℃ of water temperature, hatches about 1200 tails of hybridization shrimp seedling after 15 days.
Example 3
Female close shrimp is a freshwater shrimp, the long 6-7.5cm of body, and the head back side is full of gonad, the color greening, male close shrimp is Hainan pond crayfish, the long 6-7cm of body, the visible white gonad in head both sides group;
The LH-RH-A dosage of promoting the sexual maturity is 80ppm, and water temperature is controlled at 22-29 ℃, and reproductive moult appears in female shrimp after 5 days;
Finished the spermatophore transplanting in about 5 hours behind the female shrimp reproductive moult, put back in the water and raise;
Under 27-28 ℃ of water temperature, spermatophore was transplanted back 28 hours, and female shrimp lays eggs and oogenesis;
The female shrimp of oogenesis hatches under 22-29 ℃ of water temperature, hatches about 2300 tails of hybridization shrimp seedling after 10 days, and the first generation of hybrid has been grown to adult, and its form is between parents, and isozyme electrophoresis the analysis showed that parents' expression of gene in the hybrid shrimp.
Claims (1)
1. artificial interspecific cross method of pond crayfish class is characterized in that comprising following process:
(1) select the parent: pick out one-tenth shrimp individual big and healthy and strong, disease-free, that do not have permanent disability, body surface and do not have parasite, be in a good state of nutrition and do the parent, the female shrimp head back side should partly or entirely be full of gonad, should the be visible white gonad in male shrimp head both sides group;
(2) promote the sexual maturity: with female male parent shrimp by 1: it is that the aquarium of 25-35cm is raised that the depth of water is put in 3-5 pairing, the fish of adding 30-90ppm in the freshwater shrimp manufactured feed is used hormone LH-RH-A, and in the freshwater shrimp manufactured feed: pork liver: pig kidney: screw meat: potato silk=2: 0.5: 0.5: 1: 1 ratio is thrown something and fed, every morning 8:00, afternoon 4:00 and evening 9:00 respectively feed once, each feeding volume is the 5-8% of shrimp gross weight, first soil pick-up and additional fresh water aeration before each bait throwing in, keep water temperature 22-29 ℃, the water body dissolved oxygen amount remains on more than 5 mg/litre, and place some branches as things concealed, described aquarium is of a size of length * wide * height=100 * 50 * 60cm, and lean on southern window to put, shine 2-3 hour sunlight every day;
(3) artificial insemination is that spermatophore is transplanted: when finding female shrimp reproductive moult, after treating that it finishes reproductive moult, female shrimp is pulled out, blot body surface moisture content with filter paper, select the male shrimp of fully-developed then, blot its body surface moisture content with filter paper equally, with tweezers the spermatophore of male shrimp is extruded, and spermatophore is pasted between the 4th pair of step and the 5th pair of step of female shrimp belly, leave standstill, put into the oogenesis cylinder;
(4) oogenesis: test-tube female shrimp is raised separately in the oogenesis cylinder of depth of water 15-25cm, one shrimp, one cylinder, must not raise together with male shrimp, keep water quality salubrious, oxygen increasing pump oxygenation in 24 hours, the freshwater shrimp manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding, screw meat and potato silk, its weight proportion is 2: 2: 1, every morning 8:00 and evening 6:00 respectively feed once, each feeding volume is the 5-8% of female shrimp body weight, first soil pick-up and additional fresh water aeration before each bait throwing in, and water temperature is kept 22-29 ℃, the female shrimp of transplanting spermatophore in 12-72 hour lays eggs and oogenesis, and described oogenesis cylinder is of a size of length * wide * height=50 * 30 * 35cm;
(5) hatching: the hatching cylinder that the female shrimp of oogenesis is changeed depth of water 15-25cm is raised separately and is hatched, keep water temperature 22-29 ℃, dissolved oxygen amount remains on more than 5 mg/litre, throw something and feed freshwater shrimp manufactured feed, screw meat and potato silk, its weight proportion is 1: 1: 1 weight, every morning 8:00, afternoon 4:00 and evening 9:00 respectively feed once, each feeding volume is the 5-8% of female shrimp body weight, first soil pick-up and additional fresh water aeration before each bait throwing in, hatched hybridization shrimp seedling in 10-20 days, described hatching cylinder is of a size of length * wide * height=60 * 30 * 35cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021215634A CN1206906C (en) | 2002-06-26 | 2002-06-26 | Freshwater prawn transvaalensis method |
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| CNB021215634A CN1206906C (en) | 2002-06-26 | 2002-06-26 | Freshwater prawn transvaalensis method |
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| CN1206906C CN1206906C (en) | 2005-06-22 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106857348A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-20 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of protecting method of freshwater shrimp breeding |
| CN113615613A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-11-09 | 浙江吴越农业股份有限公司 | Method for breeding hybridized backcrossed freshwater shrimps |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101129133B (en) * | 2006-08-22 | 2010-05-12 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Egg loosening liquid for shrimp with eggs and method for quick egg-loosening by using the same |
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2002
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106857348A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-20 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of protecting method of freshwater shrimp breeding |
| CN113615613A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-11-09 | 浙江吴越农业股份有限公司 | Method for breeding hybridized backcrossed freshwater shrimps |
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| CN1206906C (en) | 2005-06-22 |
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