CN1433695A - Plant source bacteriocide for preventing and controlling plant disease and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plant source bacteriocide for preventing and controlling plant disease and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1433695A CN1433695A CN 02113257 CN02113257A CN1433695A CN 1433695 A CN1433695 A CN 1433695A CN 02113257 CN02113257 CN 02113257 CN 02113257 A CN02113257 A CN 02113257A CN 1433695 A CN1433695 A CN 1433695A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a plant source bactericide for controlling diseases of plants. Said bacteriocide is composed of thunder god vine, omphalia, ginger, garlic and wild cotton, and its effective component is wilfordine B, and also can contain garlic antibiotic 402 and matrine, etc. Its preparation method includes the steps of cutting, pulverizing, soaking and extracting, and filtering, etc. and it is characterized by that it has good effect, extensive application range, has no toxicity for human and animals and has no residue, etc.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to the botanical pesticide technical field, particularly to relate to a kind of be the botanical fungicide that raw material is produced with plant.
The prior art situation: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) estimates according to last century Mo, grain through crop only due to illness worm harm just lose 20%-40%, the economic loss that causes thus is annual just up to 1,800 hundred million dollars.In order to tackle damage by disease and insect, to produce 200-300 ten thousand every year and ram the loose soil with a stone-roller after sowing agricultural chemicals, it mainly is a chemical pesticide, increasing farming, woods and sanitary insect pest and plant disease have all produced pesticide resistance, with the insect is example, be increased to present more than 447 kinds from 10 kinds of the fifties, is 21000 times as the vegetable-crop pest-insect diamond-back moth to the resistant multiple of parathion-methyl, to Methomyl is 1049 times, the tetrabromo Cyano chrysanthemate causes the insecticide consumption to heighten for 6768 times, and this has not only increased the peasant economy burden, contaminated environment causes the person poultry poisoning, the natural enemy that also kills off the insect pests in a large number makes the pesticide meridian crop insect cause disaster again and again on the contrary.
For mankind itself's safety, the development plant pesticide is strengthened in countries in the world, and plant pesticide is divided into two big classes: a class is an insecticide, and another kind of is bactericide; Plant pesticide has the safety to people and animals and beneficial organism, and crop is not had poisoning, noresidue, free from environmental pollution and crops, and pathogen and insect are difficult for developing immunity to drugs, and characteristics such as the developmental research expense is low, and various countries mainly are the research vegetable insecticides.
And the bactericide of controlling plant diseases research related developments yet there are no report.
Technology contents: the objective of the invention is to be intended to overcome the prior art defective, a kind of safe, botanical fungicide that preventive effect is good is provided.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method for preparing this botanical fungicide.
Botanical fungicide of the present invention comprises the component of forming by following percentage by weight: (%)
Thunder godvine 20-60 stone-like omphalia 1-5 tinosporae 3-8
Kuh-seng 5-12 Anemone Vitifolia 5-20 ginger 5-20
Garlic 10-30 monkshood 1-5 radix aconiti agrestis 1-5
North splendid achnatherum 1-5 golden cypress 1-5
The wilfordine second that contains 0.15-0.4% in the ethanol extract of above-mentioned composition; Its pH value is 5-6, and proportion is 1.1-1.2.
The ethanol extract of above-mentioned composition is the bactericide of controlling plant diseases, detects through Institute of Analysis of Sichuan University of the Ministry of Education of the state to show that the main effective constituent of this bactericide is a wilfordine second, and be C for the test agent molecular formula
41H
47NO
19, it is consistent with wilfordine second literature value with results of structural analysis that it detects number.
Also contain matrine, garlic antibiotic 402 etc. in the ethanol extract of above-mentioned composition;
The best occupation mode of above-mentioned composition ethanol extract is a foliage-spray after diluting 400 times.
The preparation method of above-mentioned bactericide may further comprise the steps and undertaken by following order:
A, section, pulverizing: with raw material cut into slices, sheet is thick is 2 millimeters, being ground into after mixing can be by the powder of 50 mesh sieves;
B, lixiviate: with the dusty raw materials of getting ready the lixiviate pond of packing into, and add 3 times of ethanol to raw material, this ethanol is gone into thin up before the pond, and the ratio that adds water is 1: 2, is 5 days at 20 ℃ of above room temperature extraction times of C, 20 ℃ of following room temperature lixiviates 7 days; When adding ethanol, feed steam and make that temperature naturally cools to room temperature to 60-70 ℃ in the pond, after 24 hours, stirred 10 minutes, and feed simultaneously steam with the pond temperature rise to 60-70 ℃;
C, filtration are stored: the dregs of a decoction and the leaching liquor that will finish last process filter collection, store filtrate, and the pH value of this filtrate is 5-6, and proportion is 1.1-1.2;
D, packing are dispatched from the factory: with the bottle of packing into the filtrate branch of storing, the use of can dispatching from the factory after the packing.
In the lixiviate operation, described ethanol preferably uses 95% edible alcohol; Temperature can not surpass 70 ℃ when feeding the steam intensification, and temperature surpasses 70 ℃ can have harmful effect to the drug effect of bactericide.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, safe: this bactericide is to grain, harmless through crop, to human body also free of toxic effects, and can be oral.
2, the diseases prevention bactericidal effect is good: the diseases prevention bactericidal effect is good, and the preventive effect of wheat rust is reached 80.93%, and the preventive effect of wheat powdery mildew is reached 79.22%, and the state of an illness rate of going down is 73.08%.
3, wide spectrum, the multiple diseases of multiple pesticide meridian crop is had preventive and therapeutic effect.
4, main effective constituent is clear and definite: its main effective constituent is 0.15～0.4% wilfordine second.
5, make simply: do not need large-scale plant equipment investment, and the production security height.
6, easy to use: the control cost is low.
Embodiment: the present invention is further described below in conjunction with preferred forms of the present utility model, embodiment and contrast experiment's data:
Preferred forms: plant sterilization comprises the component of forming with following heavy percentage:
Thunder godvine 30% stone-like omphalia 3%
Tinosporae 5% kuh-seng 8%
Anemone Vitifolia 10% ginger 15%
Garlic 18% monkshood 3%
Radix aconiti agrestis 3% northern splendid achnatherum 3%
Golden cypress 2%
At first, with the section of common Chinese cylinder slicer, thick 2 millimeters of sheet is broken into medicinal powder can sieve by 50 purposes with cracker again after mixing with the commercially available Chinese herbal medicine got ready, is packed in the lixiviate pond in the medicine end; 95% edible alcohol thin up, dilution ratio is that edible alcohol is 1: 2 than water, add 3 times to the edible alcohol after the dilution at medicine end in the lixiviate pond, feed steam simultaneously, be warming up to 65 ℃ after stirring, naturally cooling, and every stirring in 24 hours 10 minutes, and be warming up to 65 ℃, after carrying 5 days under 20 ℃ of room temperatures, medicine in pond end and leaching liquor are filtered simultaneously, collect filtrate and storage, and divide the bottle of packing into, the use of can dispatching from the factory after the packing.
Embodiment 2: bactericide comprises the component of forming with following percentage by weight:
Thunder godvine 60% stone-like omphalia 2%
Tinosporae 2% kuh-seng 5%
Anemone Vitifolia 8% ginger 5%
Garlic 13% monkshood 1%
Radix aconiti agrestis 1% northern splendid achnatherum 3%
The preparation method of its leaching liquor is identical with preferred forms.
Embodiment 3: bactericide comprises the component of forming with following heavy percentage:
Thunder godvine 20% stone-like omphalia 3%
Tinosporae 2% kuh-seng 12%
Anemone Vitifolia 15% ginger 18%
Garlic 25% monkshood 1%
Radix aconiti agrestis 1% northern splendid achnatherum 2%
Golden cypress 1%
The preparation method of its leaching liquor is identical with preferred forms.
Laboratory report 1: this content of the test is the drug effect contrast experiment of bactericide, and test unit is Jianyang, a Sichuan Province plant test station for plant protection.
The test basic condition:
Reagent agent: 1, bactericide (plant medicine company research institute trial (demonstration) plant produces in the money), 2,15% triadimefon (east, river insecticide factory produces).
Test is handled: bactericide is provided with 400 times of liquid, 600 times of liquid, 15% triadimefon, 100 gram/mus and clear water contrast totally four processing, three repetitions of every processing, totally ten two sub-districts, sub-district area 38m
2
Experimental field be selected in Shi Pan town, White Tower village one society, 0.78 mu of area, physical features is smooth, fertilising, management, the medium wheatland of growing way, kind 335.
Tested 2000 April 5 noon, carry out dispenser at jan flowering wheat, select for use Mount Taishan-18 type power driven sprayer to hang down the container spraying, soup evenly sprays on wheat plant.
Three, investigation content and method:
1, investigation (April 5) before the medicine in each sub-district, is taked 2 samplings, decides strain and investigates 200 strains, puts down in writing powdery mildew and rust strain number in each sub-district, sick leaf severity.Wheat powdery mildew divides Pyatyi, and wheat rust is divided eight grades of records.
2, the medicine " Invest, Then Investigate " twice, and the time is April 7 and April 15.Its investigation method with medicine before.
3, survey data are calculated preventive effect, the results are shown in Table one, table two.
Four, interpretation of result:
Inspect and data statistics (the results are shown in Table, table two) by test, find behind the medicine two days with medicine after ten days, each chemicals treatment preventive effect with contrast that all there were significant differences, also have evident difference between each chemicals treatment.From the whole test result, bactericide high concentration effect on control wheat powdery mildew and rust is comparatively desirable, has the lasting effect of certain quick-acting.On producing, the bactericide of 400 times of liquid is used in suggestion.
The green plants agricultural chemicals is to the evaluation of target disease-controlling effect
Client: plant medicine company research institute in Sichuan Province's money
Test unit: Vegetable ﹠ Flower Inst., Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science
Submission date: August calendar year 2001
The green plants agricultural chemicals is to the evaluation of target disease-controlling effect
Plant medicine company research institute entrusts in calendar year 2001 this suffered Sichuan Province money, has carried out the evaluating drug effect test of green plants pesticide control target disease, existing result of the test is summarized as follows:
One, materials and methods
Material
1.1 test medicine
The green plants bactericide, provide by plant medicine company research institute in the Sichuan Province money.
1.2 strains tested
Bacterial strain uses therefor bacterium of downy mildew of cucumber, powdery mildew of cucumber bacterium, cucumber rhizoctonia rot bacterium, cucumber da mping-off fungi, cucumber fusarium axysporum, botrytis cinerea, leaf mold germ are the bacterial strain that preserve Vegetable ﹠ Flower Inst., Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science plant protection chamber, through identify all have stronger pathogenic.
1.3 for " the beautiful spring " of examination tomato variety by Vegetable ﹠ Flower Inst., Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science's seed selection, cucumber variety is " Xintai City is close perverse " of Tianjin Cucumber Inst.'s seed selection.
1.4 the cultivation of aseptic seedling
Before the sowing seed was sterilized 2 hours with 500 times of liquid seed soaking of tpn wetting powder that 72% gram reveals 800 times of liquid of wetting powder or 75%, be placed on for 2～3 times in the culture dish that is lined with moistening gauze with flushing with clean water again, dark vernalization in 25 ℃ of insulating boxs, treat that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, be seeded in and be equipped with in the nutritive cube that vermiculite adds the peat composed of rotten mosses (1: 1), in 20～35 ℃ of greenhouses, cultivate, standby when growing 1～2 true leaf.
2, the green plants bactericide is to the evaluation of cucumber downy mildew, powdery mildew, graw mold of tomato, leaf mold control efficiency
2.1 reagent agent: the green plants bactericide is provided by plant medicine company research institute in Sichuan Province's money.
2.2 pathogen:
Cucumber downy mildew Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk.et Curt.) Rostov.
Graw mold of tomato Botrytis cinerea Pers.
Cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato Fulvia fulva (Cooke) Cif.
Powdery mildew of cucumber Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schlecht) Poll.
2.3 experimental technique:
When treating that cucumber seedling grows 1 leaf, 1 heart, (concentration is 1 * 10 will to be made into spore suspension with cultured downy mildew pathogen
4) be inoculated on the cucumber leaves, handle 120 strains.Connect bacterium after 24 hours, with the control (wherein 60 strains are for handling, and 60 strains are not sprayed medicine for contrast) of spraying of 200 times of green plants bactericide, every spraying in 5 days once, continuous three times.At dusk all will preserve moisture every day, connects canopy the next morning and ventilate.
Graw mold of tomato, cladosporium leaf and fruit mould of tomato (is tomato seedling for studying thing), powdery mildew of cucumber (annotate: do not preserve moisture night) test method are the same.
Two, investigation index
1, crop safety sex investigation: observe continuously for the examination plant after each dispenser, whether blade produces poisoning, and keeps a record.
The poisoning grade scale:
-be not injured:
+ extremely slight
++ slight poisoning:
+++influence plant growth.
2, efficacy survey
Write down the leaf incidence respectively according to following grade scale, calculate, and press the column index formula and calculate control efficiency according to disease index.
0 grade of the grade scale of powdery mildew of cucumber: 1 grade of no scab: lesion area accounts for below 1% of whole leaf area; 3 grades: lesion area accounts for 2%～5% of whole leaf area; 5 grades: lesion area accounts for 6%～20% of whole leaf area; 7 grades: lesion area accounts for 21%～40% of whole leaf area; 9 grades: lesion area accounts for more than 40% of whole leaf area.
0 grade of the grade scale of cucumber downy mildew: no scab; 1 grade: lesion area accounts for below 5% of whole leaf area; 3 grades: lesion area accounts for 6%～10% of whole leaf area; 5 grades: lesion area accounts for 11%～25% of whole leaf area; 7 grades: lesion area accounts for 26%～50% of whole leaf area; 9 grades: lesion area accounts for more than 50% of whole leaf area.
0 grade of tomato leaf mold state of an illness grade scale: do not have scab on the blade; 1 grade: occur moving back green scab on the blade to jaundice; 3 grades: produce the sparse mould layer of skim on the scab of blade; 5 grades: produce obvious mould layer on the scab of blade; 7 grades: produce dense mould layer on the scab of blade, and the plant upper blade is also infected (only referring to whole strain seedling inoculation);
9 grades: produce on the scab of blade the dense mould layer, the mould layer of upper leaf also obviously (refers to whole strain seedling inoculation) or sick leaf begins jaundice.
Graw mold of tomato state of an illness grade scale
0 grade: no scab;
1 grade: 3 of scabs are arranged on the monolithic leaf;
3 grades: 4～6 of scabs are arranged on the monolithic leaf;
5 grades: 7～10 of scabs are arranged on the monolithic leaf;
7 grades: 11～20 of scabs are arranged, the intensive one-tenth of part on the monolithic leaf;
9 grades: the intensive leaf area that accounts for of the scab on the monolithic leaf is more than 1/4.
In the formula: CK
0Disease index before the dispenser of-blank district;
CK
1Disease index after the dispenser of-blank district;
Pt
0Disease index before the dispenser of-chemicals treatment district;
Pt
1Disease index after the dispenser of-chemicals treatment district.
Two, result and analysis
Control efficiency
Green plants bactericidal agent for preventing and treating cucumber downy mildew, powdery mildew, graw mold of tomato, leaf mold Evaluation on effect
The result of green plants bactericidal agent for preventing and treating cucumber downy mildew, powdery mildew, graw mold of tomato, leaf mold effect shows, this medicament is to cucumber downy mildew, powdery mildew has certain control efficiency, spray at the initial stage of a disease, can effectively suppress the generation and the development of scab, investigate this medicament for the third time the control efficiency of cucumber downy mildew is reached 42.06%, the control efficiency of powdery mildew is reached 55.53%, show higher control efficiency.The green plants bactericide does not show preventive effect basically to graw mold of tomato, leaf mold.Show that from result of the test this medicament has stronger selectivity to the prevention target disease, differs greatly to the different diseases control efficiency.
Use behind the green plants agricultural chemicals cucumber, tomato plant safety, blade does not have poisoning than blank.
Three, conclusion and discussion
1, by the green plants bactericide to the evaluation of target disease-controlling effect, clear and definite green plants bactericide to cucumber downy mildew, powdery mildew, have the better prevention effect, not obvious to graw mold of tomato, leaf mold control efficiency.
Table one
Bactericide is prevented and treated the wheat rust result of the test
Table two
Bactericide control wheat powdery mildew result of the test
Claims (2)
1, a kind of botanical fungicide that is used for controlling plant diseases is characterized in that comprising the component of forming with following percentage by weight:
Thunder godvine 20-60% stone-like omphalia 1-5% kuh-seng 5-12%
Tinosporae 3-8% Anemone Vitifolia 5-20% ginger 5-20%
Garlic 10-30% monkshood 1-5% radix aconiti agrestis 1-5%
North splendid achnatherum 1-5% golden cypress 1-5%
2,, it is characterized in that comprising the steps and carry out in the following order according to the preparation method of the described bactericide of claim 1:
A, section, pulverizing: raw material is cut into slices, and the thick 2mm of sheet mixes, and being crushed to then can be by 50 purposes sieve;
B, lixiviate: with the dusty raw materials of getting ready the lixiviate pond of packing into, and add 3 times to the raw material edible alcohol, this alcohol thin up, the ratio that adds water is 1: 2; Then 20 ℃ of following room temperature lixiviates of c 7 days or the room temperature lixiviate more than 20 ℃ 5 days; When adding edible alcohol, feed steam and heat, naturally cool to room temperature to 58-62 ℃; After this rise to 58-62 ℃ every stirring in 24 hours 10 minutes and with steam, and naturally cool to room temperature;
C, filtration, storage: the material that will finish last process filters, and collects filtrate and promptly gets botanical fungicide, and the pH value of this filtrate is 5-6, and proportion is 1.1-1.2, and contains 0.15～0.4% wilfordine second.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02113257 CN1433695A (en) | 2002-01-22 | 2002-01-22 | Plant source bacteriocide for preventing and controlling plant disease and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02113257 CN1433695A (en) | 2002-01-22 | 2002-01-22 | Plant source bacteriocide for preventing and controlling plant disease and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1433695A true CN1433695A (en) | 2003-08-06 |
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| CN 02113257 Pending CN1433695A (en) | 2002-01-22 | 2002-01-22 | Plant source bacteriocide for preventing and controlling plant disease and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101766197B (en) * | 2010-02-02 | 2012-09-26 | 刘长禄 | Plant-based microbial pesticide |
| CN103120188A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-29 | 杨凌农科大无公害农药研究服务中心 | Omphalia lapidescens Schroet plant-virus-resisting agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN103262867A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-28 | 洛阳早春大樱桃种植农民专业合作社 | Protective fungicide for cherries and preparation method of protective fungicide |
| CN101623013B (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2013-12-04 | 青岛星牌作物科学有限公司 | Botanical fungicide, extracting method and usage thereof |
| CN103689012A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-04-02 | 浙江农林大学 | Drug for preventing and treating stem rot and soft rot of Anoectochilus roxburghii, and formula, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104824071A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-08-12 | 阜南县腾祥工艺品有限公司 | A medicine for treating yellows of salix carmanica |
| CN109315446A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-12 | 安树义 | A kind of fruits and vegetables powdery mildew sterilization aqua and its production technology |
| CN109769873A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2019-05-21 | 江苏小潘园生态农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of ecological agricultural chemical for organic paddy rice plantation |
| CN110432293A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of plant medical agent for preventing and treating powdery mildew of cucumber |
-
2002
- 2002-01-22 CN CN 02113257 patent/CN1433695A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101623013B (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2013-12-04 | 青岛星牌作物科学有限公司 | Botanical fungicide, extracting method and usage thereof |
| CN101766197B (en) * | 2010-02-02 | 2012-09-26 | 刘长禄 | Plant-based microbial pesticide |
| CN103120188A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-29 | 杨凌农科大无公害农药研究服务中心 | Omphalia lapidescens Schroet plant-virus-resisting agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN103262867A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-28 | 洛阳早春大樱桃种植农民专业合作社 | Protective fungicide for cherries and preparation method of protective fungicide |
| CN103262867B (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-09-10 | 洛阳早春大樱桃种植农民专业合作社 | Protective fungicide for cherries and preparation method of protective fungicide |
| CN103689012A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-04-02 | 浙江农林大学 | Drug for preventing and treating stem rot and soft rot of Anoectochilus roxburghii, and formula, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104824071A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-08-12 | 阜南县腾祥工艺品有限公司 | A medicine for treating yellows of salix carmanica |
| CN109315446A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-12 | 安树义 | A kind of fruits and vegetables powdery mildew sterilization aqua and its production technology |
| CN109769873A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2019-05-21 | 江苏小潘园生态农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of ecological agricultural chemical for organic paddy rice plantation |
| CN110432293A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of plant medical agent for preventing and treating powdery mildew of cucumber |
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Open date: 20030806 |