CN110178860B

CN110178860B - Plant source compound Chilo suppressalis insecticide and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110178860B
Application number: CN201910469859.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何玉池; 刘香丽; 王桂友; 甘露; 黄宝生; 张泽武; 张亚春; 张宏欣; 蔡得田; 宋兆建; 张献华
Original assignee: Hubei University
Current assignee: Hubei University
Priority date: 2019-05-31
Filing date: 2019-05-31
Publication date: 2021-07-13
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-31
Also published as: CN110178860A

Abstract

A botanical compound Chilo suppressalis pesticide contains 0.1-1g of celastrus orbiculatus extract, 0.1-0.8g of Selaginella remotifolia extract, 10mL of cosolvent and the balance of distilled water per 1L of pesticide. The pesticide has the advantages that: the pesticide is prepared by using celastrus orbiculatus extract and luffa extract as active ingredients and adding cosolvent and distilled water as auxiliary agents to prepare a pesticide formula. On one hand, the compound method is simple, and the insecticidal effect can be achieved only by two plant extracts; on the other hand, the raw materials of the composition are pure natural medicines, so that the pests are difficult to generate drug resistance, and the composition is more environment-friendly than chemical agents.

Description

Plant source compound Chilo suppressalis insecticide and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological pesticides, and particularly relates to a botanical compound Chilo suppressalis insecticide and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Chilo suppressalis is one of the most important pests harming rice, and can cause withered sheaths, withered hearts and insect-injured plants when the chilo suppressalis damages rice in a seedling stage, and cause withered pregnancies, white ears and the like when the chilo suppressalis damages rice in a booting stage and a heading stage, thereby seriously affecting the quality and the yield of the rice. At present, chemical agents are mostly adopted in production to prevent and treat chilo suppressalis. However, the unreasonable use of chemical pesticide leads to the continuous improvement of the drug resistance of the chilo suppressalis and increases the rampant harm of the chilo suppressalis. Meanwhile, the problems of pesticide residue exceeding standard, environmental pollution and the like caused by chemical pesticides are increasingly prominent. These disadvantages have prompted the urgent search for environmentally friendly crop protection means.

The active ingredients of the botanical pesticide are natural substances, can be naturally degraded after being applied, and has small pollution to the environment; the plant insecticide has more insecticidal components and unique action mode, so that the pests are difficult to generate drug resistance; because of its generally strong selectivity and low toxicity to human and livestock, it is becoming a hot point of research.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems of overproof pesticide residue of chemical insecticides, environmental pollution and the like, the invention provides a botanical compound Chilo suppressalis insecticide and a preparation method thereof, so that the prepared insecticide has the characteristics of remarkable insecticidal action, low pesticide residue and small harm to the environment.

The invention protects a botanical compound Chilo suppressalis insecticide, wherein each 1L of the insecticide contains 0.1-1g of celastrus orbiculatus extract, 0.1-0.8g of Selaginella remotifolia extract, 10mL of cosolvent and the balance of distilled water.

Preferably, the compound concentration of the celastrus orbiculatus extract is 0.12-0.94g/L, and the compound concentration of the luffa extract is 0.10-0.76 g/L.

The second aspect of the present invention protects a process for preparing the insecticide of the first aspect, comprising the steps of: slicing radix Celastri Orbiculati, sun drying, pulverizing, sieving with 60 mesh sieve, soaking in ethanol, ultrasonic extracting, filtering, mixing the residues, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain Celastri Orbicolor extract; the preparation method of the Selaginella remotifolia extract is the same as the operation; and finally, compounding the prepared celastrus orbiculatus extract and the luffa extract according to a proportion to obtain the pesticide.

The invention relates to a botanical compound Chilo suppressalis insecticide and a preparation method thereof, and the botanical compound Chilo suppressalis insecticide has the advantages that:

1. on one hand, the compound method is simple, and the insecticidal effect can be achieved only by two plant extracts; on the other hand, the raw materials of the composition are non-chemical agents and pure natural medicines, so that the composition has small harm to the environment, is difficult for pests to generate drug resistance, and is green and environment-friendly;

2. the preparation method of the pesticide is simple and effective, so that the prepared pesticide has the characteristics of environmental protection, degradability, no pollution, good safety performance, convenience in production, storage and transportation, and safety and reliability in use compared with the existing pesticide.

The invention discovers for the first time that the celastrus orbiculatus extract and the luffa extract can poison Chilo suppressalis, which is an agricultural pest with great harm and strong drug resistance, and the material sources are wide, so that a new research material can be provided for the development and application of a novel natural botanical pesticide.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples for better understanding, but the scope of the present invention as claimed is not limited to the scope shown in the examples.

Example one

The preparation of the compound pesticide of the invention comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively drying the celastrus orbiculatus and the luffa herb in a 55 ℃ oven to constant weight, crushing, and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve for later use;

(2) respectively taking 50g of the sieved substances prepared in the step (1), adding 75% ethanol in an amount which is 10 times that of the sieved substances, respectively placing the sieved substances into a triangular flask for leaching for 48 hours, then extracting the substances for 30min by using ultrasonic waves (the power is 300W, the frequency is 40kHZ, and the temperature is 40 ℃), repeating the filtering on filter residues for three times, and performing suction filtration to obtain celastrus orbiculatus filtrate and luffa herb filtrate for later use;

(3) respectively placing the filtrates obtained in the step (2) on a rotary evaporator, controlling the temperature to be 55 ℃, carrying out reduced pressure distillation until no solvent flows out, collecting extract, and placing the extract in an oven for drying at 60 ℃ until the weight is constant, so as to obtain a celastrus orbiculatus extract and a luffa extract for later use;

(4) taking 0.94g of the celastrus orbiculatus extract obtained in the step (3), 0.76g of the luffa extract, 10mL of cosolvent and distilled water respectively, and compounding to a constant volume of 1L;

(5) placing the substance obtained in the step (4) in a sealed room temperature and standing for 1h, and treating for 20min by using ultrasonic waves (the power is 300W, the frequency is 59kHZ, and the temperature is 45 ℃);

(6) after stirring for 15min, the compound pesticide of the invention can be obtained, and the concentration is 1.70 g/L.

The cosolvent is Tween 80 for solubilizing the plant extract, and the relative density of Tween 80 is 1.08.

The quality of the celastrus orbiculatus extract is 6.7g, and the extraction rate is 13.4%; the quality of the luffa extract is 5.6g, and the extraction rate is 11.2%. (extraction yield is the amount of extract/amount of raw material).

Example two

The preparation of the celastrus orbiculatus extract single-preparation pesticide comprises the following steps:

(1) 1g of the celastrus orbiculatus extract collected in the first example is added with 1g of cosolvent and 98mL of distilled water, sealed and kept stand for 1h at room temperature, and then treated for 20min by ultrasonic waves (power 300W, frequency 59kHZ, temperature 45 ℃);

(2) stirring for 15min to obtain Celastrus orbiculatus extract single pesticide stock solution with concentration of 10 g/L;

(3) according to the preliminary experiment and under the conditions of saving raw materials and good insecticidal effect, the celastrus orbiculatus extract single insecticide stock solution is diluted by 5.3 times, and the optimum concentration of the celastrus orbiculatus is 1.88g/L for indoor insecticidal activity determination, so that the celastrus orbiculatus extract single insecticide can be obtained.

EXAMPLE III

The preparation of the single-preparation pesticide of the luffa extract comprises the following steps:

(1) (2) the same as (1) and (2) in example two;

(3) according to a preliminary experiment and under the conditions of raw material saving and good insecticidal effect, the single-preparation insecticide stock solution of the luffa extract is diluted by 6.6 times, and indoor insecticidal activity determination is carried out by selecting the most appropriate concentration of 1.52g/L of celastrus orbiculatus, so that the single-preparation insecticide of the luffa extract can be obtained.

Example four

Indoor toxicity determination of the pesticide prepared in the first to third examples on chilo suppressalis second-instar larvae:

the insecticide compounded in the first embodiment is subjected to indoor activity detection at the compounding concentration of 1.70g/L, 0.85g/L, 0.43g/L and 0.22 g/L;

then indoor activity detection is respectively carried out on the concentration of the celastrus orbiculatus single-prepared insecticide obtained in the second embodiment at 1.88g/L and the concentration of the celastrus orbiculatus single-prepared insecticide obtained in the second embodiment at 1.52g/L, and the indoor activity detection is compared with the compound insecticide;

blank control with equivalent amount of 1% Tween water;

the specific method comprises the following steps:

wetting sterile filter paper with clear water, placing the filter paper in a culture dish, compacting, cutting fresh artificial feed into 5 pieces with the size of 1cm x 0.1cm, respectively placing plant insecticide and 1% Tween water for soaking for 2-3s, air-drying, placing the feed in the culture dish, inoculating 2h hungry chilo suppressalis larvae with uniform size and health, and repeating the treatment for 5 times for 30 pieces each time; culturing in a constant-temperature illumination incubator with 26 deg.C, illumination period of 16:8 (L: D) and humidity of 70%, and observing the results after 12h, 24h, 48h and 72h after administration as shown in Table 1 below.

The chilo suppressalis after the test has the following performance characteristics:

after 12h of test: chilo suppressalis eat slowly and move slowly, and some die.

After 48h of test: chilo suppressalis is far away from the feed area, the body is weak and weak during acupuncture, and the death number is gradually increased.

After 72h of test: chilo suppressalis stands still, the abdominal surface faces upwards, and the body is rotten and runs water when the chilo suppressalis is punctured.

TABLE 1 insecticidal Activity of the Complex insecticide and Single insecticide of the present invention against Chilo suppressalis

Note: data are expressed as "mean. + -. standard deviation

From the above table, it can be seen that: the higher the concentration of the plant extract is, the more remarkable the insecticidal activity is; the insecticidal effect is obviously higher when the insecticide is compounded than when the insecticide is singly compounded.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A botanical compound Chilo suppressalis insecticide is characterized in that: each 1L of pesticide contains 0.1-1g of celastrus orbiculatus extract, 0.1-0.8g of luffa extract, 10mL of cosolvent and the balance of distilled water;

the celastrus orbiculatus extract is prepared by the following steps: slicing radix Celastri Orbiculati, sun drying, pulverizing, sieving with 60 mesh sieve, soaking in ethanol, ultrasonic extracting, filtering, mixing the residues, and concentrating under reduced pressure;

the lice grass extract takes whole lice grass as a raw material and is prepared by adopting the same method as the celastrus orbiculatus extract;

the ethanol is 75% ethanol solution by volume concentration.

2. The botanical compound Chilo suppressalis pesticide as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the compound concentration of the celastrus orbiculatus extract is 0.12-0.94g/L, and the compound concentration of the luffa extract is 0.10-0.76 g/L.

3. The botanical compound Chilo suppressalis pesticide as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the cosolvent is tween 80.

4. A process for preparing the insecticide as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: slicing radix Celastri Orbiculati, sun drying, pulverizing, sieving with 60 mesh sieve, soaking in ethanol, ultrasonic extracting, filtering, mixing the residues, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain Celastri Orbicolor extract; the preparation method of the Selaginella remotifolia extract is the same as the operation; finally, compounding the prepared celastrus orbiculatus extract and the luffa extract according to a proportion to obtain the pesticide; the ethanol is 75% ethanol solution by volume concentration.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising: in the compounding process, a cosolvent Tween 80 and distilled water are also required to be added.

6. The method of claim 4, further comprising: ultrasonic extraction is carried out at power of 300W and frequency of 40kHZ at 40 deg.C for 30 min.

7. The method of claim 4, further comprising: the components are compounded according to the proportion and then need ultrasonic wave to assist dissolution, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 20min during the assisting dissolution, the ultrasonic power is 300W, the frequency is 59kHZ, and the temperature is 45 ℃.