CN1433401A - 新的苯基烷氧基-苯基衍生物 - Google Patents
新的苯基烷氧基-苯基衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1433401A CN1433401A CN00818705A CN00818705A CN1433401A CN 1433401 A CN1433401 A CN 1433401A CN 00818705 A CN00818705 A CN 00818705A CN 00818705 A CN00818705 A CN 00818705A CN 1433401 A CN1433401 A CN 1433401A
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- Prior art keywords
- defined above
- alkyl
- aryl
- alkylaryl
- compound
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 206010022489 Insulin Resistance Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 87
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 46
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical class [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 41
- 208000001072 type 2 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 128
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 114
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 107
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 95
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 81
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 76
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 69
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 68
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
- -1 methoxyl group methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 64
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 62
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 53
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 48
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 47
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 41
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 37
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 36
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 31
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 31
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 30
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 25
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000003810 ethyl acetate extraction Methods 0.000 description 22
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 20
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 19
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 15
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 238000011097 chromatography purification Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 13
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 11
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 10
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 10
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 10
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229960004132 diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 8
- ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium diisopropylamide Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)[N-]C(C)C ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;hydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound [Li+].O.[OH-] GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 8
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 208000032928 Dyslipidaemia Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 7
- KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine Chemical compound CN(C)C(=N)N(C)C KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZOBPZXTWZATXDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1CSC(=O)N1 ZOBPZXTWZATXDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XBHQOMRKOUANQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxypropanoic acid Chemical compound CCOC(C)C(O)=O XBHQOMRKOUANQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 102000015779 HDL Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108010010234 HDL Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isothiocyanatocyclopropane Chemical compound S=C=NC1CC1 JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940123464 Thiazolidinedione Drugs 0.000 description 6
- PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric acid octyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-ethoxycarbonylcarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=O)OCC PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229940040692 lithium hydroxide monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyric acid methyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- WRLSNQXIGKWPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound C[C](C)C(N)=O WRLSNQXIGKWPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006751 Mitsunobu reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- WFKAJVHLWXSISD-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous dimethyl-acetamide Natural products CC(C)C(N)=O WFKAJVHLWXSISD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)aluminum Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al]CC(C)C SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 5
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 5
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- MFPWEWYKQYMWRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl carboxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC(O)=O MFPWEWYKQYMWRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KZZHPWMVEVZEFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl n-phenylcarbamate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 KZZHPWMVEVZEFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010060378 Hyperinsulinaemia Diseases 0.000 description 4
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDISMIMTGUMORD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-acetylpiperidine Natural products CC(=O)N1CCCCC1 KDISMIMTGUMORD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- YZFWTZACSRHJQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ciglitazone Chemical compound C=1C=C(CC2C(NC(=O)S2)=O)C=CC=1OCC1(C)CCCCC1 YZFWTZACSRHJQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229950009226 ciglitazone Drugs 0.000 description 4
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- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 4
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- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 201000001421 hyperglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000003451 hyperinsulinaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 201000008980 hyperinsulinism Diseases 0.000 description 4
- KMOBXQQTHVSZGX-LBPRGKRZSA-N methyl (2s)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylpropanoylamino)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)OC)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KMOBXQQTHVSZGX-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bisulfate Chemical compound [K+].OS([O-])(=O)=O CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyrosine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960004441 tyrosine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-tyrosine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000007330 LDL Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010007622 LDL Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
本发明涉及某些式(I)的苯基烷氧基-苯基衍生物和类似物,涉及制备这些化合物的方法,这些化合物在与胰岛素抗性有关的临床疾病中有作用,涉及它们的治疗应用的方法及含有它们的药用组合物。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及某些式I的苯基烷氧基-苯基衍生物和类似物,涉及制备这些化合物的方法,这些化合物在与胰岛素抗性有关的临床疾病中有作用,涉及它们的治疗应用的方法和含有它们的药用组合物。
发明背景
胰岛素抗性,定义为经常发生在许多患有或未患有糖尿病个体中的、在整个身体或单一组织如骨骼肌、心肌、脂肪和肝脏中对胰岛素作用的敏感性的降低。胰岛素抗性综合征IRS指一组临床表现,包括胰岛素抗性,伴随有血胰岛素过多、可能的II型糖尿病、动脉高血压、向心性(内脏的)肥胖、观察为脂蛋白水平紊乱的血脂蛋白异常(dyslipidemia),其典型特征为VLDL(极低密度脂蛋白)浓度升高和HDL(高密度脂蛋白)浓度降低、小的致密LDL(低密度脂蛋白)颗粒的存在以及纤维蛋白溶解作用降低。
最新的流行病学研究证实,具有胰岛素抗性的个体存在着极大增加的心血管疾病发病率和死亡率、特别是罹患心肌梗塞和中风的危险性。在非-胰岛素依赖性糖尿病中,与动脉粥样硬化相关疾病引起的死亡占全部死亡的最高可达80%。
在临床医学中,目前对需要增加IRS中的胰岛素敏感性并由此改善血脂蛋白异常的认识仅限于认为所述血脂蛋白异常可以导致动脉粥样硬化的加速发展。
此外,目前仍没有可以利用的、足以改善与IRS有关的代谢性疾病的药物疗法。迄今为止,II型糖尿病的治疗还集中在对与该病有关的碳水化合物代谢失控的改善上。通过促分泌素如磺酰脲刺激内源性胰岛素分泌以及(如果必要)给予外源性胰岛素是使血糖水平正常所经常使用的方法,但这将进一步增加胰岛素抗性(如果有的话)且不能改善IRS的其它临床症状,也不能降低心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率。此外,这样的治疗还涉及与低血糖有关的并发症的严重危险性。
其它的治疗方法集中在葡萄糖的代谢或吸收的异常上,包括双胍类如二甲双胍,或葡糖苷酶抑制剂如阿卡波糖。尽管这些药物在某种程度上是的效的,但它们受到限制的临床效果与其付作用有关。
一种新的治疗方法涉及胰岛素敏化剂如噻唑烷二酮的使用,所述噻唑烷二酮至少通过对核受体的激动作用而部分介导它们的作用。环格列酮为此类药物的原型。在IRS的动物模型中,这些化合物似乎通过改善胰岛素敏感性来改善胰岛素抗性和有关的高甘油三酯血症和高胰岛素血症以及糖尿病中的高血糖,胰岛素的敏感性是通过主要在脂肪细胞中对脂质转运和加工的作用来改善的,其结果是增强了在骨骼肌、肝和脂肪组织中胰岛素的作用。
据报道,由于不能接受的毒性或者因为显示出的不充分的效果,环格列酮以及随后所述的噻唑烷二酮在临床应用方面的开发已经中止。因此,存在着对具有胰岛素敏化特性的、新的和更好的化合物的需求。
其它的治疗方法集中在葡萄糖的代谢或吸收的异常上,包括双胍类如二甲双胍,或葡糖苷酶抑制剂如阿卡波糖。尽管这些药物在某种程度上是有效的,但它们受到限制的临床效果与其付作用有关。
一种新的治疗方法涉及胰岛素敏化剂如噻唑烷二酮的使用,所述噻唑烷二酮至少通过对核受体的激动作用而部分介导它们的作用。环格列酮为此类药物的原型。在IRS的动物模型中这些化合物似乎通过改善胰岛素敏感性来改善胰岛素抗性和有关的高甘油三酯血症和高胰岛素血症以及糖尿病中的高血糖,胰岛素的敏感性是通过主要在脂肪细胞中对脂质转运和加工的作用来改善的,其结果是增强了在骨骼肌、肝和脂肪组织中胰岛素的作用。
据报道,由于不能接受的毒性或者因为显示的不充分的效果,环格列酮以及随后所述的噻唑烷二酮在临床应用方面的开发已经中止。
因此,存在着对具有胰岛素敏化特性的、新的和更好的化合物的需求。
本发明描述
本发明涉及通式(I)的化合物及其立体异构体和旋光异构体和其外消旋体,以及它们的药学上可接受的盐、前体药物、溶剂合物和其结晶形式,在该式中A位于邻位、间位或对位并代表或
其中当X是0时,R是氰基;当X是1时,则R是;
-BRa或SCORa,其中B是O、S、SO或SO2(优选B是O或S),其中Ra代表氢、烷基、芳基或烷基芳基(优选Ra选自氢、烷基和烷芳基)和其中所述烷基、芳基或烷基芳基任选一次或更多次由Rb取代,其中Rb代表烷基、芳基、烷基芳基、氰基、-NRcRc、=O、卤素、-OH、-SH、-O烷基、-O芳基、-O烷基芳基、-CORc、-SRd、-SORd或-SO2Rd(优选Rb选自烷基、芳基、烷基芳基、氰基、-NH2、=O、卤素和-OH),其中Rc代表氢、烷基、芳基或烷基芳基和Rd代表烷基、芳基或烷基芳基;
-BB1Ra,其中当B是S、SO或SO2时,B1是O,或当B是O时,B1是S、SO或SO2,和其中B和Ra如上所定义。
或者R是-NRaRa,其中每一个Ra是相同或不同并且其中Ra如上所定义;
R2代表烷基、卤素(优选溴、氯或碘)、芳基、烷基芳基、链烯基、炔基、硝基或氰基并且其中所述烷基、芳基、链烯基、烷基芳基和炔基任选由Rb取代,其中Rb如上所定义;
-BRa,其中B和Ra如上所定义;
-SO2NRaRf,其中Rf代表氢、烷基、酰基、芳基或烷基芳基和Ra如上所定义;
-SO2ORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-OCONRfRa,其中Rf和Ra如上所定义;
-NRcCOORd,其中Rc和Rd如上所定义;
-NRcCORa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-CONRcRa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-NRcSO2Rd,其中Rc和Rd如上所定义;
-NRcCONRaRk,其中Ra和Rc如上所定义和Rk代表氢、烷基、芳基或烷基芳基;
或者,R2是-NRcRa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
R1、R3和R4是相同或不同并且每一个代表氢、烷基、芳基、链烯基、炔基、氰基、卤素或烷基芳基(优选R1、R3和R4独立选自氢或烷基,理想的R1、R3和R4是氢),其中所述烷基、芳基、链烯基或炔基任选由Rb取代;
n是1-6的整数(优选n是1-3的整数,理想的n是1);
X是0或1的整数(优选X是1);
m是0或1的整数(优选m是1);
D位于邻位、间位或对位(优选D位于对位)并代表烷基、酰基、芳基、烷基芳基、卤素、-CN和NO2,其中所述烷基、芳基或烷基芳基任选由Rb取代;
-NRcCOORa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-NRcCORa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-NRcRa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-NRcSO2Rd,其中Rc和Rd如上所定义;
-NRcCONRkRc,其中Ra、Rc和Rk如上所定义;
-NRcCSNRaRk,其中Ra、Rc和Rk如上所定义;
-ORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-OSO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义;
-SO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义;
-SORd,其中Rd如上所定义;
-SRc,其中Rc如上所定义;
-SO2NRaRf,其中Rf和Ra如上所定义;
-SO2ORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-CONRcRa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-OCONRfRa,其中Rf和Ra如上所定义;D’位于邻位、间位或对位(优选D’位于邻位或间位)并且代表氢、烷基、酰基、芳基、烷基芳基、卤素、-CN、-NO2,
-NRfRb,其中Rf和Rb如上所定义;
-ORf,其中Rf如上所定义;
-OSO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义;D”位于邻位、间位或对位(优选D”位于邻位或间位)并且代表氢、烷基、酰基、芳基、烷基芳基、卤素、-CN、-NO2,
-NRfRb,其中Rf和Rb如上所定义;
-ORf,其中Rf如上所定义;
-OSO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义。
为了便于对照,以上式I的定义此后被认为如同A类所定义。除另外说明外,贯穿本申请的各种取代基的定义如同对A类的定义。
式I的化合物在治疗与胰岛素抗性有关的疾病中具有令人惊奇的效果。
A2类:本发明优选的化合物是那些如在以上A类中所定义的式I的化合物,但是其中A位于间位或对位(优选A位于对位)并代表其中R是
-BRa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-SCORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-OSO2Ra,其中Ra如上所定义;
R1、R3和R4是相同或不同并且每一个代表氢、烷基、芳基、链烯基、炔基或氰基,其中所述烷基、芳基、链烯基或炔基任选由Rb取代;
R2代表烷基、芳基、链烯基、氰基或炔基并且其中所述的烷基、芳基、链烯基和炔基任选由Rb、-BRa取代;
-OSO2Ra,其中Ra如上所定义;
-OCONRfRa,其中Rf和Ra如上所定义;
-NRcCOORd,其中Rc和Rd如上所定义;
-NRcCORa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-CONRc,其中Rc如上所定义;n是1-2的整数;m是1;
D位于邻位、间位或对位(优选D位于对位)并且代表烷基、酰基、芳基、烷基芳基、卤素、-CN、-NO2,其中所述烷基任选由Rb取代;
-ORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-OSO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义;
-OCONRaRf,其中Ra和Rf如上所定义;
-NRcCOORa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-NRcCORa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-SO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义;
-SRc,其中Rc如上所定义;
-CONRaRc,其中Ra和Rc如上所定义;
-NRcRa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
D’位于邻位、间位或对位(优选D’位于邻位或间位)并代表
氢、烷基、烷基芳基、卤素、-CN或-NO2;
-ORh,其中Rh是氢或烷基;
D”位于邻位、间位或对位(优选D”位于邻位或间位)并代表
氢、烷基、烷基芳基、卤素、-CN或-NO2;
-ORf,其中Rf如上所定义。
A3类:本发明更优选的化合物是那些在A2类中所定义的化合物,但是其中A位于间位或对位(优选A位于对位);R是-ORa、-SRa、-SCORa或-OSO2Ra,其中Ra是氢、烷基或烷基芳基;R2是氰基,
-ORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-NRcCORa,其中Ra和Rc如上所定义;
-CONRcRa,其中Ra和Rc如上所定义;R1、R3和R4独立选自氢或烷基(优选R1、R3和R4都是氢);D位于邻位、间位或对位(优选D位于对位)并代表任选由Rb或氰基取代的烷基;
-ORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-NRcCORa,其中Ra和Rc如上所定义;
-CONHRcRa,其中Ra和Rc如上所定义;
-NRcCOORa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-OSO2Ra,其中Ra如上所定义;
-SO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义;
-OCONRcRa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;D’是氢;D”是氢。
A4类:本发明更优选的化合物是那些在A3类中所定义的化合物,但是其中
A位于对位;
R是-OH、-O烷基或-O烷基芳基;
-SCORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-OSO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义;R1是氢;R2是-O烷基,优选-O低级烷基;R3氢;R4是氢;n是整数1;D位于对位并代表-NRhCOORd,其中Rh代表氢或烷基。
CONRaRc,其中Ra和Rc如上所定义;
-SO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义;
-OSO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义;
-CN;
-ORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-烷基。
A5类:本发明更优选的化合物是那些在A4类中所述的化合物,但是其中R是
-ORa,其中Ra如上所定义;R2是-O烷基,优选-O低级烷基;D是
-NRbCOORa,其中Rb和Ra如上所定义;
-CN;
-OSO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义;
A5类:本发明更优选的化合物是那些在实施例1-13中所述的化合物。
A6类:本发明更优选的化合物是可能的对映异构体之一的化合物。
“药学上可接受的盐”,当这样的盐可能存在时,包括药学上可接受的酸加成盐和碱加成盐。一种合适的式I化合物的药学上可接受的盐是例如具有足够碱性的式I化合物的酸加成盐,例如与无机或有机酸如盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、三氟乙酸、柠檬酸或马来酸所形成的酸加成盐;或例如具有足够酸性的式I化合物的盐,例如碱金属或碱土金属盐如钠盐、钙盐或镁盐,或铵盐,或与有机碱如甲胺、二甲胺、三甲胺、哌啶、吗啉或三-(2-羟基乙基)胺所形成的盐。
式I化合物的在体内可水解的酯正好为母体分子的前体药物的一种类型。设计了所述母体分子的其它前体药物如酰胺前体药物,并可以通过本领域技术人员能力内范围内的常规方法制备。式I化合物的前体药物属于本发明范围内。各种前体药物是本领域已知的。这些前体药物衍生物的实例,参见:a)Design of Prodrugs,由H.Bundgaard编辑,(Elservier,1985)和Methodsin Enzymology.42:309-396,由K.Widder等编辑(Academic Press,1985);b)A Textbook of Drug Design and Development,由Krogsgaard-Larsen和H.Bundgaard编辑,第5章“Design and Application of Prodrugs”,由H.Bundgaard编辑,第113-191页(1991);c)H.Bundgaard,Advanced Drug Deliverv Reviews,8:1-38(1992);d)H.Bundgaard等,Joumal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,77:285(1988);和e)N.Kakeya等,Chem Pharm Bull,32:692(1984)。
前体药物的优选实例包括式I化合物的在体内可水解的酯。对于羧基的合适的药学上可接受的酯包括C1-8烷基酯、C5-8环烷基酯、环胺酯、C1-6烷氧基甲基酯如甲氧基甲酯、C1-6链烷酰氧基甲酯如新戊酰氧基甲酯、2-苯并[c]呋喃酮基酯、C3-8环烷氧基羰基氧基C1-6烷基酯如1-环己基羰基氧基乙酯;1,3-二氧杂环戊烯(dioxolen)-2-酮基甲酯如5-甲基-1,3-二氧杂环戊烯-2-酮基甲酯;和C1-6烷氧基羰基氧基乙酯如1-甲氧基羰基氧基乙酯,其中烷基、环烷基和环氨基任选由如苯基、杂环基、烷基、氨基、烷基氨基、二烷基氨基、羟基、烷氧基、芳氧基或苄氧基取代,并可以在本发明化合物中的任何羧基上形成。
还应该理解,本发明的某些化合物可以以溶剂合物如水合物以及非溶剂合物的形式存在。应该理解,本发明包括所有这样的溶剂合物形式。
当取代基ORa代表烷基芳基时,优选的烷基芳基是苄基。
贯穿说明书和所附带的权利要求书全文,所给定的化学式或化学名称将包括所有立体异构体、旋光异构体和外消旋体以及分开的对映体的不同比例的混合物(当这样的异构体和对映体存在时),以及其药学上可接受的盐和其溶剂合物如水合物。采用常规技术如层析或分级结晶可以分离异构体。通过分离外消旋体如通过分级结晶、拆分或HPLC可以分离对映体。通过分离异构体的混合物如通过分级结晶、HPLC或快速层析可以分离非对映体。或者,通过手性合成在不会引起外消旋化或差向异构化的条件下,可以从手性原料中制备立体异构体,或者通过使用手性试剂衍生化制备立体异构体。所有立体异构体均包括在本发明范围内。
以下定义将适用于本说明书和所附带权利要求书全文。
除了另外说明或指出,术语“烷基”指具有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基或具有3-6个碳原子的环烷基,所述烷基为取代或未取代。术语“低级烷基”指具有1-3个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基或具有3个碳原子的环烷基,所述烷基为取代或未取代。所述烷基和低级烷基的实例包括甲基、乙基、正-丙基、异丙基、正-丁基、异-丁基、仲-丁基、叔-丁基和直链和支链戊基和己基,以及环丙基、环丁基、环戊基和环己基。优选的烷基是甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基和叔丁基。
除了另外说明或指出,术语“烷氧基”指基团O-烷基,其中烷基如上所定义。
除了另外说明或指出,术语“卤素”指氟、氯、溴或碘,优选氟。
除了另外说明或指出,术语“芳基”指取代或未取代的苯基、呋喃基、噻吩基或吡啶基,或任何这些基团的稠合的环系统如萘基。
除了另外说明或指出,术语“取代的”指如上所定义的烷基或芳基,其由一个或更多个烷基、烷氧基、卤素、氨基、巯基、硝基、羟基、酰基、芳基或氰基取代。
除了另外说明或指出,术语“酰基”指基团其中Rj是氢、如上所定义的烷基、烷氧基、芳基和烷基芳基。
除了另外说明或指出,术语“链烯基”和“炔基”指具有一个或更多个双键或三键并具有最多6个碳原子、优选3个碳原子的直链或支链的、取代或未取代的不饱和烃基。
除了另外说明或指出,术语“保护基团”指如在由Greene和Wuts编辑的标准教科书“Protecting groups in Organic Synthesis”,第二版(1991)中所述的保护基团。保护基团也可以是聚合树脂如Wang树脂或2-氯代三苯甲基氯树脂。制备方法
本发明的化合物可以根据以下所列出的任何一种方法制备。然而本发明并不限于这些方法,所述化合物也可以如在先有技术中相关结构化合物所述的方法制备。A.式I的化合物,其中R或R2定义为-ORd、-SCORd、-SRd、-OSO2Rd、-NRcCOORa、-NRcCORa、-NRaCONRaRk或-NRcSO2Rd可以通过其中相应的R或Ra是如-OH、-SH或-NHRa的式I的化合物与合适的试剂如硫代酸酯(thioate)、磺酰基卤、异氰酸酯、氯甲酸酯或用于醚的加成试剂例如烷基卤或芳基卤反应制备。所述反应可根据本领域技术人员已知的方法或如在实施例中所述的方法进行。合适的参考文献是“Comprehensive Organic Transformations”R.C.Larock(VCH PublishersInc.)1989,第445-448页,用于烷基或芳基醚的形成。“Advanced Organic Chemistry”J.March(第4版),John Wiley & Sons,第407-409页,用于硫醚的形成,和第498-499页,用于磺酸酯的形成,第417-418页,用于酰胺的形成,第411-413页,用于胺的形成。B.式I的化合物,其中R或R2定义为-SRa或-SCORa可以通过其中相应的R或R2是如-OSO2Ra的式I的化合物分别与合适的试剂YSRa或YSCORa(其中Y是阳离子)反应制备。所述反应适合在惰性溶剂如DMF或甲醇中、在室温下与合适的还原剂如硼氢化钠、LiAlH4、DIBAH或硼烷二甲硫一起反应制备。C.式I的化合物,其中X是1,可以通过式II化合物的还原反应制备, 其中K是-ORa或-NRaRa。所述反应理想在惰性溶剂如THF或甲醇中,并理想在降温下进行。合适的还原剂是那些已知的还原羰基的还原剂如NaBH4、DIBAH、LiAlH4。
式IIa和IIb的化合物,其中K是-NRaRa可以由式IIA和其中K是-ORa的IIBK的相应的化合物制备。所述反应可以根据本领域技术人员已知的或在实施例中所述的方法进行。合适的参考文献见于“Advanced Organic Chemisrty”J.March(第4版),John Wiley & Sons,419-424。
式IIa的化合物可以通过式VIII的化合物其中X是离去基团如卤素、磺酸根或三氟甲磺酸根和式IXa的化合物其中D、D’、D”、R1、R2、R3、R4、m和n如在A类中所定义,进行烷基化反应制备,并且如果需要,随后除去任何保护基团。
在烷基化步骤中,式IXa的化合物与式VIII的化合物在一种或更多种碱如碳酸钾、氯化三乙基苄基铵、氢化钠、LDA、丁基锂或LHMDS存在下,在惰性溶剂如乙腈、DMF或二氯甲烷中,在合适的温度和时间内反应。所述反应可以如实施例所述的方法或通过在文献中已知的标准方法(Synth.Comm. 19(788)1167-1175(1989))进行。C1.其中R、D或R2是氰基的式I的化合物,可以通过其中相应的R、D或R2基团是-CONH2的式I化合物,如其中K是-NH2的式II的化合物的脱水制备。所述反应理想与惰性溶剂如DMF或甲醇在室温下进行。所述试剂是合适的脱水剂如三氟乙酐。该反应可以根据文献如Synthesis(1992)Falorni M.等,972-976和J.Org.Chem.(1996),Heck M.P.等,61(19),6486中所述类似的方法进行。
式II的化合物可以通过式III的醛化合物与式IV或V的化合物所述阴离子优选卤素如氯或溴,在该式中D、D’、D”、m、n、R1、R2和R4如在A类中所定义,X是1和L1=L2=L3是苯基或L1=L2是ORd(其中Rd如在A类中所定义)和L3是=O的缩合反应,如Knoevenagel或Wittig式反应制备,如果必要,随后还原双键形成式I饱和的化合物并除去保护基团。
将大约等摩尔量的反应剂在碱如乙酸钠、乙酸哌啶、LDA或叔丁醇钾存在下混合,得到其中A是不饱和部分的式I的化合物。该步骤可以在惰性溶剂存在下或在没有溶剂的条件下进行,在此情况下温度应足够高到至少可以引起反应混合物的部分熔解,优选温度在100-250℃之间。
当R4不是氢时,有必要加入脱羟基试剂以便除去在β碳上所形成的-OH。在Synthetic Communications Smonou I等,(1988)18,833,和Synthesis Olag G.等,(1991)407和J.Heterocyclic Chemistry Georgiadis,M.P.等(1991)28(3),599-604和Synth.Commun.Majeticj,G.等(1993),23(16),2331-2335和Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.(1998)8(2),175-178中叙述了合适的反应条件和反应剂。
当R4是H时,有时需要加入脱水剂如对-甲苯磺酸以便达到双键的形成。在标准的这样的反应中,式III的原料和式IV的化合物以大约等摩尔量和摩尔过量混合,优选1-5倍的无水乙酸钠并将该混合物加热直至其在真空中熔化(如果必需)。然后可以将式IIb的化合物与水和丙酮混合,接着将形成的沉淀物过滤来分离。如果需要,将粗制产物例如通过重结晶或通过标准的层析方法纯化。
所述反应地可以方便地在溶剂如甲苯中,在乙酸哌啶存在下进行。将该反应混合物在Dean-Stark装置中回流以除去水分。然后通过标准方法将该溶液冷却,将烯烃产物分离并纯化。
所述反应也可以通过将原料和式V的化合物在干燥THF中混合,在-20℃下缓慢加入叔丁醇钾并用乙酸猝灭该反应进行。分离粗制产物然后溶于甲苯中并在Dean-Stark装置中与对-甲苯磺酸一起回流以便除去水分。然后用标准方法将该产物分离并纯化。
所述反应也可以在氯化钛(IV)和吡啶存在下,在惰性溶剂如氯仿中进行。
缩合步骤也可以如Wittig-型反应进行(参照与式IV的化合物的反应,Comprehensive Organic Synthesis第1卷,第755-781页,PergarnonPress)。
将大约等摩尔量的反应剂III和IV在碱如1-5倍摩尔过量的四甲基胍或碳酸钾存在下混合。该反应可以在惰性溶剂如二氯甲烷或异丙醇中,在合适的温度(-10℃到+60℃)下并在足够长的时间内进行。
通过使式VI的化合物与式VII的化合物在该式中D、D’、D”、R1、m和n如在A类中所定义,在例如烷基化条件下或通过Mitsunobu反应(Tsunoda,Tetr.Lett.
34,1639-42(1993))偶合,必要时接着如在实验部分所述的将D-基团改性,制备式III的化合物。
基团Z可以是-OH或是离去基团如卤素、磺酸根或三氟甲磺酸根。烷基化反应和Mitsunobu反应可以如在以下或如在实验部分所述进行。
式IV、V、VI和VII的化合物或者是可以购买得到,或者可以通过本领域的任一技术人员已知的标准方法由购买得到的原料或者通过本申请中所述的类似方法制备。D.将式I化合物的烯烃形式还原为式I化合物的标准形式可以通过使用多种已知的还原方法进行以便还原碳-碳双键,例如在合适的催化剂、镁或钠汞齐存在下,在低级醇如甲醇中催化氢化或氢转移试剂如2,5-二甲基-1,4-二氢吡啶-3,5-二羧酸二乙酯。
所述催化氢化可以在醇、溶纤剂、质子极性有机溶剂、醚、低级脂族酸具体是甲醇、乙醇、甲氧基乙醇、二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃、二噁烷、二甲氧基乙烷、乙酸乙酯或乙酸中进行,这些溶剂可单独或以混合物的形式使用。所使用的催化剂的实例包括钯黑、载于活性炭上的钯、氧化铂或Wilkinsons’s催化剂。根据目的反应的反应性,该反应可在不同的温度和压力下进行。
在采用2,5-二甲基-1,4-二氢吡啶-3,5-二羧酸二乙酯的氢转移反应中,将等摩尔量的反应剂混合并在惰性气氛或真空下,将该混合物加热至熔化(140℃-250℃)。E.通过用式VIII化合物其中X是离去基团如卤素、磺酸根或三氟甲磺酸根,和式IXb的化合物的烷基化反应,可制备本发明式I的化合物在该式中D、D’、R1、R2、R3、R4、n、x和D”如在A类中所定义,如果需要,随后除去任何保护基团。
在烷基化的步骤中,在一种或更多种碱如碳酸钾、氯化三乙基苄基铵、氢化钠、LDA、丁基锂或LHMDS存在下,在惰性溶剂如乙腈、DMF或二氯甲烷中,在合适的温度和时间内,式IX的化合物与式VIII的化合物反应。所述反应可以如在实施例中所述或通过文献中已知的标准方法(Synth.Comm.19(788)1167-1175(1989))进行。
式X的化合物可以通过用已知的将羰基转化为羟基的还原剂如硼氢化锂或硼氢化钠,或通过标准的方法与有机金属化合物如有机锂或Grignard试剂反应,由式III的化合物制备。F.本发明式I的化合物可以通过式VI的化合物与式XI的化合物在该式中D、D’、D”、R1、R2、R3、R4、m、n、x和R如在A类中所定义,以如上所述类似的反应制备,必要时加入保护基团。
式XI的化合物可以根据方法C,由可购买到的原料和式IV或V的化合物制备。所述反应根据用于烷基化或Mitsunobu反应的标准方法进行。F1.在烷基化反应中,式VI化合物的离去基团Z可以是磺酸根如甲磺酸根、nosylate、对甲苯磺酸根或卤素如溴或碘。在碱如碳酸钾或碳酸铯存在下,在惰性溶剂如异丙醇或乙腈中,将式VI和XI的化合物(以大约等摩尔量或所述化合物之一过量)加热至回流温度。
使该混合物回流必要的时间,通常为0.5-24小时,处理的步骤通常包括过滤(以便除去固体盐)、蒸发和用水和有机溶剂如二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯或乙醚萃取。
如果需要例如通过重结晶或标准层析方法纯化粗制产物。F2.可以根据标准方法进行Mitsunobu反应。在典型的Mitsunobu反应中,将式VI的化合物,其中式VI化合物的基团F是羟基,与式XI的化合物(以大约等摩尔量或所述化合物之一过量)在惰性溶剂如氯仿、二氯甲烷或THF中混合。加入稍摩尔过量的偶氮二羧酸酯(1-4当量)如DEAD或ADDP和膦(1-4当量)如三丁基膦或三苯膦,于足够高的温度如室温下搅拌该反应混合物足够长的时间(1-24小时),以获得粗制产物,它可以根据标准的文献方法和如果必要,如通过标准层析方法进行处理。G.本发明式I的化合物,其中D是-OSO2Rd、-SRc、-OCONRfRa、-NRcCOORa、-NRcCORa、-NRcRd、-NRcCONRaRk、NRcSO2Rd和-NRcCSNRaRk,其中Ra、Rc、Rd、Rf和Rk如在A类中所定义,可以通过式XII的化合物其中D’、D”、n和A如在A类中所定义和X1=-OH、-SH或-NRcH,与合适的试剂如磺酰卤、异氰酸酯、酰卤、氯甲酸酯、酐或烷基卤,在惰性溶剂如二氯甲烷或甲苯中,当必要时在碱如三乙胺或吡啶存在下反应,最后除去保护基团制备。
该反应可以根据本领域技术人员已知的方法进行。H.可以通过将式XIV的化合物其中D’、D”、n和A如在A类中所定义和X2是-SORd或-SRd,其中Rd如在A类中所定义,用氧化剂如间-氯代过苯甲酸或过氧化氢,在惰性溶剂如二氯甲烷中氧化,最后除去保护基团,制备本发明式I的化合物,其中D是-SO2Rd或-SORd,其中Rd如在A类中所定义。不应该使用其中R含有-S-或-SO-基团的式XIV的化合物,除非这样的基团需要氧化。
该反应可以根据标准方法或如在实验部分所述的方法进行。
采用常规技术,可以将本发明的化合物从它们的反应混合物中分离出来。
本领域的技术人员应该理解,为了以替代的方式和在某些场合下,以更方便的方式得到本发明的化合物,前述的各个反应步骤可以以不同的顺序进行,和/或各个反应可以在总的路线的不同阶段进行(即化学转化可以在与此前具体反应有关的中间体不同的中间体上进行)。
在制备A-H的任何前述方法中,必要时,羟基、氨基或其它反应基团可以用如在由Greene和Wuts编辑的标准教科书“Protective groupsin Organic Synthesis”第二版(1991)中所述的保护基团保护。所述保护基团也可以是树脂如Wang树脂或2-氯代三苯甲基氯树脂。官能团的保护和去保护可以在上述任一反应步骤之前或之后发生。根据本领域技术人员熟知技术可以除去保护基团。
术语“惰性溶剂”指不以对所需产物的产率有不利影响的方式与原料、试剂、中间体或产物反应的溶剂。药物制剂
本发明的化合物通常通过口服、胃肠外、静脉内、肌内、皮下或以其它注射的方式、口腔、直肠、阴道、经皮和/或鼻腔和/或通过吸入,以含有活性成分(或者作为游离酸,或者药学上可接受的有机碱或无机碱的加成盐)的药物制剂形式,以药学上可接受的剂型给药。根据所述疾病和需要治疗的病人以及给药途径,可以以不同的剂量给予组合物。
本发明的化合物也可以与其它用于治疗与动脉硬化的形成和发展有关的疾病如高血压、高脂血症、血脂蛋白异常、糖尿病和肥胖症的药物联合给药。本发明化合物治疗性治疗人的合适的日剂量大约为0.001-10mg/kg体重,优选为0.01-1mg/kg体重。
根据本发明的另一方面,也提供包含任何本发明的化合物或其药学上可接受的衍生物与药学上可接受的辅助剂、稀释剂和/或载体混合的药物制剂。药理学特性
本发明的式I的化合物用于预防和/或治疗与对胰岛素的敏感性降低(胰岛素抗性)有关的和与代谢性疾病有关的临床病症。这些临床病症包括,但不限于腹部多脂症、动脉高血压、高胰岛素血症、高血糖症、II型糖尿病和以出现胰岛素抗性为特征的血脂蛋白异常。这种血脂蛋白异常也称为致动脉粥样硬化脂蛋白分布型表型B,其特征为中度升高的非-酯化的脂肪酸、升高的富含极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)甘油三酯的颗粒、低的高密度脂蛋白(HDL)颗粒水平胆固醇和小的、致密的低密度脂蛋白(LGL)颗粒的存在。希望用本发明的化合物治疗可以降低与动脉粥样硬化有关的心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率。这些心血管疾病包括大血管病(macro-angiophaties)引起的心肌梗死、脑血管疾病和下肢外周动脉功能不全。由于式I化合物的胰岛素敏化作用,也期望它们可以预防或延缓II型糖尿病的发展,因而减缓与I型糖尿病的慢性高血糖有关的临床症状如引起肾病、视网膜损害和下肢外周血管疾病的微血管病(micro-angiophaties)的发展。此外,所述化合物可以用于治疗与胰岛素抗性有关的心血管系统以外的各种疾病如多囊卵巢综合征。
工作实施例
1H NMR和13C NMR的测量在Varan Mercury300或VarianUNITY加400、500或600分光计上,分别在300、400、500和600MHz的1H频率和分别在75、100、125和150MHz的13C频率下进行。以delta标度(δ)进行测量。
除非另外说明外,用溶剂作为内标以ppm给出化学位移。
缩写
IRS 胰岛素抗性综合征
LDA 二异丙基氨化锂
LHMS 六甲基二硅胺化锂
DMF 二甲基甲酰胺
DEAD 偶氮二羧酸二乙酯
ADDP 偶氮二羰基二哌啶
EDC 1-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺
DCC 二环己基碳二亚胺
HBTU 六氟磷酸O-苯并三唑-1-基N,N,N’,N’-四甲基
脲鎓(uronium)
TBTU 四氟硼酸O-苯并三唑-1-基N,N,N’,N’-四甲基
脲鎓
PyBop 六氟磷酸苯并三唑-1-基-氧基-三吡咯烷基-鏻
TEA 三乙胺
DIPEA 二异丙基乙胺
TLC 薄层层析
THF 四氢呋喃
HO-Su N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺
Pd/C 披钯木炭
HOBtxH2O 1-羟基苯并三唑水合物
DIBAH 氢化二异丁基铝
DMSO 二甲基亚砜
t 三重峰
s 单峰
d 双峰
q 四重峰
qvont 五重峰
m 多重峰
br 宽的
bs 宽单峰
dm 双多重峰
bt 宽三重峰
dd 两个双峰实施例1 3-[4-(2-{4-氰基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]-2-乙氧基丙醇
将3-{4-[2-(4-氰基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙酸乙酯(0.666g,1.81mmol)溶于干燥的THF(13ml)和甲醇(0.5ml)中并冷却至-10℃到-20℃。加入硼氢化钠(0.119g,3.14mmol)。搅拌6小时后,将温度提高至室温。再搅拌25小时后加入水,将产物用乙醚萃取,用水洗涤并干燥(硫酸钠)。在真空中蒸发溶剂得到所需要的产物0.573g(收率97%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.18(t,3H,J=7Hz),2.07(bs1OH),2.65-2.72(m,1H),2.77-2.84(m,1H),3.14(t,2H,J=6.6Hz),3.4-3.46(m,1H),3.46-3.63(m,4H),4.18(t,2H,J=6.6Hz),6.8(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的),7.11(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的),7.4(dm,2H,J=8.1Hz,未分辨的),7.60(dm,2H,J=8.1Hz,未分辨的)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):15.4,35.8,36.4,63.5,65.1,67.6,81.0,110.3,114.4,118.8,129.7,130.3,130.6,132.1,144.2,156.9。原料(a)3-{4-[2-(4-氰基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙酸乙酯
将在实施例3(b)中所述的2-乙氧基-3-(4-羟基苯基)丙酸乙酯(6.62g,27.78mmol)和对-氰基苯乙醇(2.73g,18.52mmol)混合在二氯甲烷(85ml)中。加入ADDP(7.01g,27.78mmol),随后加入三苯膦(5.83g,22.23mmol)。2小时后中断该反应。将在该反应中形成的氧化三苯膦滤出并蒸发滤液。将残余物在硅胶上经层析纯化,先用二氯甲烷、然后用石油醚∶乙醚作为洗脱剂,得到产物和原料的混合物,将该混合物溶于乙酸乙酯中并用氢氧化钠(1N)洗涤。用水洗涤有机相,干燥(硫酸钠),过滤并蒸发溶剂得到所需产物4.23g(收率62%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.16(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.23(t,3H,J=7Hz),2.93-2.97(m,2H),3.14(t,2H,J=6.4Hz),3.3-3.4(m,1H),3.56-3.65(m,3H),3.94-3.99(m,1H),4.14-4.26(m,4H),6.8(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的),7.15(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的),7.4(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的),7.60(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):14.1,15.0,35.8,38.4,60.7,66.1,67.5,80.2,110.3,114.2,118.8,129.66,129.74,130.4,132.1,144.2,157.2,172.4。实施例2 2-乙氧基-3-{3-[3-(4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基)丙氧基]苯基}丙醇
以与实施例1类似的方法,用2-乙氧基-3-{3-[3-(4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基)丙氧基]苯基}丙酸乙酯(0.642g,1.42mmol)和硼氢化钠(93.26mg,2.47mmol)合成该化合物。28小时后猝灭该反应得到所需产物0.574g(收率99%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.23(t,3H,J=7.0Hz),2.02(bt1OH,J=6.2Hz),2.13(五重峰,2H,J=6.9Hz),2.72-2.78(m,1H),2.85-2.93(m,3H),3.17(s,3H),3.46-3.70(m,5H),4.0(t,2H,J=6.1Hz),6.77-6.81(m,2H),6.84(dm,1H,J=7.8Hz,未分辨的),7.21-7.26(m,3H),7.28-7.32(m,2H)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):15.5,30.8,31.6,37.2,37.5,63.7,65.2,66.5,80.9,112.2,115.7,121.8,121.9,129.4,130.0,139.8,141.0,147.4,158.9。原料(a)3-(3-苄氧基苯基)-2-乙氧基丙烯酸乙酯
在0℃下,将四甲基胍(6.5g,56.6mmol)缓慢加入到3-苄氧基苯甲醛(11.7g,55mmol)和氯化(1,2-二乙氧基-2-氧代乙基)(三苯基)鏻(20.1g,46.8mmol)的二氯甲烷(200ml)溶液中。在室温下搅拌过夜后,在真空中蒸发溶剂。加入乙醚并将不溶物滤出。将滤液用碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤,干燥(硫酸镁),过滤并在真空中蒸发溶剂。将残余物在硅胶上经层析纯化,用THF(0.5%)的二氯甲烷溶液作为洗脱剂。通过与硫酸氢钠的水溶液和乙醚搅拌2天以除去剩余的醛。分离各相并将有机相在真空中蒸发,得到所需产物10.5g(收率69%)。1H-NMR(300MHz;CDCl3):1.4(m,6H),4.02(q,2H),4.32(q,2H),5.12(s,2H),6.97(未分辨的,2H),7.3-7.5(m,7H),7.7(未分辨的,1H)。13C-NMR(75MHz;CDCl3):14.3,15.6,61.2,67.7,69.9,115.6,116.1,123.2,123.7,127.4,128.0,128.6,129.4,135.0,137.0,144.9,158.8,164.6。(b)2-乙氧基-3-(3-羟基苯基)丙酸乙酯
在大气压下、乙酸乙酯中,用Pd/C(干燥,10%)作为催化剂,将化合物(a)(10.4g,31.8mmol)氢化。将该反应混合物通过硅藻土过滤并在真空中蒸发溶剂。原料没有完全消耗,因此重复氢化得到所需产物7g(收率92%)。1H-NMR(300MHz;CDCl3):1.15(t,3H),1.22(t,3H),2.95(m,2H),3.4(m,1H),3.6(m,1H),4.05(m,1H),4.15(q,2H)。13C-NMR(75MHz;CDCl3):14.1,15.0,39.2,61.2,66.4,80.2,113.9,116.5,121.2,129.4,137.2,138.5,156.0。(c)甲磺酸3-(4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基)丙基酯
以实施例8中所述相同的方法,由3-(4-羟基苯基)-1-丙醇合成甲磺酸3-(4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基)丙基酯。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):2.1(q,2H),2.8(t,2H),3.0(s,3H),3.15(s,3H),4.25(t,2H),7.23-7.27(m,4H)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):31.7,32.1,38.4,38.5,69.8,123.2,131.1,140.9,148.7。(d)2-乙氧基-3-{3-[3-(4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基)丙氧基]苯基}丙酸乙酯
将化合物(c)(1.905g,6.18mmol)溶于乙腈(13ml)中并滴加入2-乙氧基-3-(3-羟基苯基)-丙酸乙酯(1.47g,6.18mmol)和碳酸钾(2.56g,18.54mmol)的乙腈(15ml)混合物中。将该混合物回流5小时,然后在真空中蒸发溶剂并加入水。将该混合物用二氯甲烷萃取两次,干燥(硫酸钠),过滤并在真空中蒸发溶剂。用乙醚/石油醚(梯度33%到100%乙醚)在硅胶上经层析纯化,得到所需产物1.80g(收率65%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.17(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.24(t,3H,J=7.3Hz),2.05-2.14(m,2H),2.84(t,2H,J=7.5Hz),2.97-3.01(m,2H),3.14(s,3H),3.33-3.42(m,1H),3.58-3.66(m,1H),3.96(t,2H,J=6Hz),4.0-4.05(m,1H),4.15-4.23(m,2H),6.74-6.87(m,3H),7.17-7.24(m,3H),7.25-7.30(m,2H)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):14.2,15.0,30.7,31.6,37.2,39.4,60.8,66.2,66.5,80.1,112.8,115.6,121.8,121.9,129.2,130.0,138.8,141.0,147.4,158.8,172.4。实施例3 3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙醇
以与实施例1类似的方法,用3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙酸乙酯(0.994g,2.172mmol)和硼氢化钠(0.164g,4.34mmol)合成该化合物。21小时后猝灭该反应并将该产物用乙酸乙酯萃取。将有机相用硫酸钠和盐水洗涤,干燥(硫酸钠),过滤并在真空中蒸发溶剂。将粗制产物在硅胶上经层析纯化,用庚烷∶乙酸乙酯(梯度2∶1到1∶2)作为洗脱剂,得到所需产物0.5g(收率55%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.19(t,3H,J=7.1Hz),1.53(s,9H),1.98(dd,1OH,J=5.4Hz和7.3Hz),2.68(dd,1H,J=7Hz和13.7Hz),2.82(dd,1H,J=5.9Hz和13.7Hz),3.04(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),3.40-3.48(m,1H),3.48-3.65(m,4H),4.12(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),6.46(bs,1NH),6.82(dm,2H,J=8.8Hz,未分辨的),7.10(dm,2H,J=8.8Hz,未分辨的),7.21(dm,2H,J=8.8Hz,未分辨的),7.31(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CD3OD):15.8,28.7,36.1,37.8,64.3,66.4,69.9,80.7,83.1,115.4,120.1,130.3,131.4,132.1,134.2,138.8,155.4,158.8。原料(a)3-(4-苄氧基苯基)-2-乙氧基丙烯酸乙酯
在0℃下,将四甲基胍(42.3g,0.37mol)缓慢加入到溶于氯仿(800ml)中的4-苄氧基苯甲醛(75.6g,0.36mol)和氯化(1,2-二乙氧基-2-氧代乙基)(三苯基)鏻(130.7g,0.304mol)溶液中。在室温下搅拌过夜后,在真空中蒸发溶剂。将残余物溶于乙醚中,滤出不溶物并将滤液用碳酸氢钠洗涤并干燥(硫酸镁)。将该方法重复一次,以后将粗制产物与亚硫酸氢钠饱和水溶液一起搅拌过夜。滤出固体物质,将产物用乙醚萃取,干燥(硫酸镁)并在真空中蒸发溶剂,得到所需产物85g(产率73%)。1H-NMR(300MHz;CDCl3):1.35(m,6H),4.0(q,2H),4.3(q,2H),5.05(s,2H),6.95(s+m未分辨的,1+3H),7.3-7.45(m,5H),7.75(d,2H)。13C-NMT(125MHz;CDCl3):d14.4,15.6,61.0,67.5,70.0,114.8,124.0,126.7,127.5,128.1,128.6,131.7,136.7,143.1,159.2,165.0。(b)2-乙氧基-3-(4-羟基苯基)丙酸乙酯
在大气压下用Pd/C(10%)作为催化剂,将化合物(a)(62g,0.19mol)在乙酸乙酯(400ml)中氢化。将该混合物通过硅藻土过滤并在真空中蒸发,得到所需产物45.6g(收率100%)。1H-NMR(600MHz;CDCl3):1.17(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.23(t,3H,J=7Hz),2.95(d,2H,J=6.6Hz),3.35-3.42(m,1H),3.58-3.64(m,1H),4.0(t,1H,J=6.6Hz),4.17(q,2H,J=7Hz),5.97(s,1OH),6.74(dm,2H,J=8.5Hz,未分辨的),7.08(dm,2H,J=8.5Hz,未分辨的)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):14.0,14.8,38.3,61.0,66.1,80.3,115.1,128.2,130.3,154.8,173.0。(c)4-(2-羟基乙基)苯基氨基甲酸叔-丁基酯
在0℃下,将二碳酸二叔丁酯(7.95g,36mmol)加入到对-氨基苯乙醇(5g,36mmol)的THF混合物中。在室温下搅拌过夜后,在真空中蒸发溶剂,得到所需产物8g(收率94%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;DMSO-d6):1.5(s,9H),2.65(dd,2H),3.55(dd,2H),4.6(s,br,1OH),7.1(未分辨的,2H),7.35(未分辨的,2H),9.1(s,1NH)。13C-NMR(100MHz;MDSO-d6):28.3,38.6,62.5,78.9,118.3,129.1,133.2,136.6,153.0。(d)3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氮基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙酸乙酯
将化合物(c)(1.03g,4.34mmol)和(b)(1.03g,4.34mmol)在氩气氛、室温下溶于二氯甲烷中。加入偶氮二羰基二哌啶(1.65g,6.5mmol),此后加入三苯膦(1.37g,5.2mmol)。在室温下搅拌6小时后,在真空中蒸发溶剂。在硅胶上经层析纯化,用庚烷∶乙酸乙酯(2∶1)作为洗脱剂,得到所需产物1.78g(收率89%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.17(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.23(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.53(s,9H),2.94-2.97(m,2H),3.03(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),3.31-3.40(m,1H),3.56-3.65(m,1H),3.95-4.0(m,1H),4.11(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),4.17(q,2H,J=7Hz),6.60(s,1NH),6.81(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的),7.15(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的),7.20(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的),7.31(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):14.1,15.0,28.3,35.0,38.4,60.7,66.1,68.6,80.26,80.32,114.3,118.7,128.2,129.4,130.3,132.8,136.7,152.8,157.5,172.4。实施例3a 3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-(2R)-2-乙氧基丙醇
用庚烷和异丙醇(1∶1)作为流动相,用手性、制备性HPLC(ChiralpakAD250×50mm)将实施例3的外消旋物分离,得到所需产物为纯的对映异构体。1H-NMR(300MHz;CDCl3):1.19(t,3H),1.54(s,9H),2.30(-OH),2.64-2.88(m,2H),3.04(t,2H),3.38-3.70(m,5H),4.12(t,2H),6.72(-NH),6.83(d,2H),7.12(d,2H),7.21(d,2H),7.33(d,2H)。13C-NMR(75MHz;CDCl3):15.9,28.7,30.1,35.5,36.9,64.0,65.6,69.1,80.7,81.6,114.8,119.1,129.7,130.5,133.1,137.1,157.6。实施例3b 3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-(2S)-2-乙氧基丙醇
用庚烷和异丙醇(1∶1)作为流动相,用手性、制备性HPLC(Chiralpak AD250×50mm)将实施例3的外消旋物分离,得到所需产物为纯的对映异构体。1H-NMR(300MHz;CDCl3):1.19(t,3H),1.54(s,9H),2.30(-OH),2.64-2.88(m,2H),3.04(t,2H),3.38-3.70(m,5H),4.12(t,2H),6.72(-NH),6.83(d,2H),7.12(d,2H),7.21(d,2H),7.33(d,2H)。13C-NMR(75MHz;CDCl3):15.9,28.7,30.1,35.5,36.9,64.0,65.6,69.1,80.7,81.6,114.8,119.1,129.7,130.5,133.1,137.1,157.6。实施例4 甲磺酸3-[4-(2-{4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]-2-乙氧基丙基酯
将实施例3(0.81g,2.0mmol)溶于干燥THF(10ml)中并冷却至-20℃。将三乙胺(0.24g,2.4mmol)滴加入到该混合物中,搅拌10分钟后加入甲磺酰氯(0.27g,2.4mmol)。4小时后用HPLC检查所有的原料均已消耗。加入盐酸(5ml),蒸发THF并将残余物用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。用硫酸镁干燥有机相并蒸发,得到所需产物1.0g(收率99%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.15(t,3H),1.51(s,9H),2.77(m,2H),2.99-3.04(t,2H),3.02(s,3H),3.44-3.62(m,2H),3.63-3.70(m,1H),4.03-4.25(m,4H),6.66(-NH),6.81(d,2H),7.10(d,2H),7.19(d,2H),7.30(d,2H)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):15.6,28.6,35.4,36.8,37.8,66.0,69.0,70.9,78.6,114.9,119.1,129.4,129.7,130.6,133.1,137.1,157.9。实施例4a 甲磺酸3-[4-(2-{4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]-(2S)-乙氧基丙基酯
以在实施例4中所使用的类似的方法,用实施例3b合成该化合物(1.27g,收率99%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.17(t,3H),1.53(s,9H),2.68-2.78(m,2H),3.02-3.07(m,5H),3.47-3.63(m,2H),3.65-3.72(m,1H),4.05-4.28(m,5H),6.46(-NH),6.83(d,2H),7.12(d,2H),7.21(d,2H),7.31(d,2H)。实施例5 S-{3-[4-({4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]-2-乙氧基丙基}乙硫代酸酯(ethanethioate)
将实施例4(0.7g,1.4mmol)溶于DMF(3ml)中并加入乙硫代酸铯(1.0g,2.5mmol)。在室温下搅拌48小时后,将其用HPLC检查原料已消耗。加入水并将该混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将有机相用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发,得到所需产物0.57g(收率84%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.10(t,3H),1.50(s,9H),2.33(s,3H),2.70-2.76(m,2H),2.92-3.08(m,4H),3.35-3.41(m,1H),3.49-3.55(m,2H),4.09(t,2H),6.60(-NH),6.80(d,2H),7.09(d,2H),7.18(d,2H),7.29(d,2H)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):15.6,28.6,30.5,30.8,33.1,35.4,39.7,65.7,69.0,79.6,114.6,114.8,119.0,129.7,130.4,130.6,130.7,133.1,137.0,153.1,157.6。实施例6 N-(4-2-[4-(2-乙氧基-3-巯基丙基)苯氧基]乙基苯基)氨基甲酸叔-丁基酯
将实施例5(0.32g,0.66mmol)溶于甲醇(10ml)中并冷却至0℃,加入无水碳酸钾(0.11g,0.86mmol)。在室温下搅拌1小时后,将其用HPLC检查所有原料已消耗。加入水,蒸发甲醇并将残余物用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将有机相用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。将粗制产物用制备性HPLC(Kromasil C8,7μm,50×250mm)纯化,用乙腈(80%)的乙酸铵缓冲液(pH7)中的溶液作为流动相,得到所需产物0.16g(收率52%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.15(t,3H),1.54(s,9H),2.73-2.88(m,4H),3.01-3.08(t,2H),3.40-3.72(m,1H),4.12(t,2H),6.56(-NH),6.83(d,2H),7.13(d,2H),7.21(d,2H),7.33(d,2H)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):15.7,28.6,35.4,39.2,43.7,65.6,69.0,79.7,80.7,114.7,119.1,129.8,130.6,130.7,133.2,137.1,153.1,157.6。实施例7 N-[4-(2-(4-[(2S)-2-乙氧基-3-(乙硫基)丙基]苯氧基)乙基)苯基]氨基甲酸叔-丁基酯
将实施例4a(0.32g,0.62mmol)溶于甲醇(5ml)中并加入硫代乙醇钠(0.21g,2.49mmol)。在室温下搅拌26小时后,将其用HPLC检查所有原料已消耗。加入水,蒸发甲醇并将残余物用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将有机相用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。将粗制产物用制备性HPLC(KromasilC8,7μm,50×250mm)纯化,用乙腈(70-100%)的乙酸铵缓冲液(pH7)中的溶液作为流动相,得到所需产物0.17g(收率57%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.18(t,3H),1.27(t,3H),1.56(s,9H),2.57-2.68(m,4H),2.79-2.91(m,2H),3.07(t,2H),3.42-3.50(m,2H),3.54-3.62(m,2H),4.15(t,2H),6.53(-NH),6.85(d,2H),7.16(d,2H),7.24(d,2H),7.34(d,2H)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):15.2,15.8,27.2,28.7,35.5,35.8,39.5,65.6,69.1,81.1,114.7,119.1,129.8,130.7,131.0,133.2,137.1,157.6。实施例8 2-乙氧基-3-[4-(2-{4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基}乙氧基]苯基-1-羟基丙烷
将2-乙氧基-3-[4-(2-{4-(甲基磺酰基氧基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]丙酸乙酯(1.1g,2.5mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(10ml)中并冷却至-78℃,滴加入DIBAL-H(1M,5.8ml,5.8mmol)。将该反应混合物在-78℃下搅拌0.5小时后使其达到室温,2小时后用HPLC检查所有原料已消耗。将该反应混合物冷却至-40℃并用硫酸(2%,5ml)猝灭。加入盐酸(2M,10ml)并将该混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将有机相用碳酸氢钠洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发,得到所需产物0.97g(收率98%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.17(t,3H),2.10(OH),2.64-2.71(m,1H),2.77-2.84(m,1H),3.08(t,2H),3.11(s,3H),3.38-3.63(m,5H),4.14(t,2H),6.80(d,2H),7.10(d,2H),7.22(d,2H),7.33(d,2H)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):15.5,35.1,36.4,37.2,63.6,65.1,68.1,81.0,114.4,121.9,130.3,130.4,130.5,137.9,147.8,157.1。原料(a)甲磺酸2-(4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基)乙基酯
将4-羟基苯乙基醇(15g,0.108mol)溶于二氯甲烷中。在0℃下加入三乙胺(27.3g,0.27mol),随后加入甲磺酰氯(27.2g,0.239mol)的二氯甲烷溶液。使该反应混合物达到室温,然后在室温下搅拌随后经TLC监测。将该反应混合物过滤。用水洗涤滤液,分离各相并将有机相用硫酸钠干燥,在真空中蒸发,得到所需产物28g(收率88%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):2.85(s,3H),3.05(t,2H),3.15(s,3H),4.35(s,2H),7.2(dm,2H),7.25(dm,2H)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):34.8,37.3,69.6,122.2,130.5,135.8,148.1。(b)甲磺酸4-[2-(4-甲酰基苯氧基)乙基]苯基酯
将化合物(a)(30g,0.102mol)溶于乙腈中并缓慢加入到4-羟基苯甲醛(31.1g,0.255mol)和碳酸钾(41.46g,0.3mol)的乙腈混合物中,并回流至(a)消耗。将该盐滤出,在真空中蒸发溶剂并加入二氯甲烷。将有机相用水洗涤并蒸发。在硅胶上经层析纯化,用二氯甲烷作为洗脱剂,得到所需产物21.6g(收率66%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):3.05-3.15(t,2H,s,3H),4.2(t,2H),6.95(dm,2H),7.2(dm,2H),7.3(dm,2H),7.8(dm,2H),9.8(s,1H)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):37.3,38.3,63.4,116.1,122.1,129.2,130.6,132.6,138.1,147.7,162.6,191.7。(c)2-乙氧基-3-{4-[2-(4-甲磺酰基氧基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}丙烯酸乙酯
在0℃下,将四甲基胍(1.73g,15.0mmol)缓慢加入到化合物(b)(4.49g,14.0mmol)和氯化(1,2-二乙氧基-2-氧代乙基)(三苯基)鏻(5.62g,13.1mmol)的氯仿(50ml)溶液中。在室温下搅拌过夜后,在真空中蒸发溶剂。当将乙醚加入到残余物中时,结晶出为白色晶体的氧化三苯膦,将其滤出。在真空中蒸发滤液。将残余物在硅胶上经层析纯化,用乙酸乙酯的庚烷溶液(梯度1.25-100%)作为洗脱剂。所述粗产物放置时结晶。重结晶得到所需产物2.18g(收率35%),为白色晶体。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.34-1.38(2t,2×6H,二者的J=7Hz),3.11(t,2H,J=6Hz),3.13(s,3H),3.98(q,2H,J=7Hz),4.2(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),4.28(q,2H,J=7Hz),6.87(dm,2H,J=9Hz,未分辨的),6.95(s,1H),7.23(dm,2H,J=9Hz,未分辨的),7.33(dm,2H,J=9Hz,未分辨的),7.73(dm,2H,J=9Hz,未分辨的)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):14.3,15.5,35.0,37.3,61.0,67.5,68.1,114.4,122.0,123.8,126.6,130.5,131.7,137.7,143.1,147.9,159.0,164.9。(d)2-乙氧基-3-[4-(2-{4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]丙酸乙酯
用Pd/C(0.74g,5%)作为催化剂,将化合物(c)(1.47g,3.38mmol)在大气压下、在乙酸乙酯(50ml)中氢化3小时。将该反应混合物通过硅藻土过滤,干燥(硫酸镁)并在真空中蒸发溶剂,得到所需产物1.44g(收率98%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.16(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.23(t,3H,J=7Hz),2.92-2.96(m,2H),3.09(t,2H,J=6.6Hz),3.13(s,3H),3.31-3.38(m,1H),3.56-3.63(m,1H),3.94-3.98(m,1H),4.12-4.19(m,4H),6.8(dm,2H,J=8.8Hz,未分辨的),7.14(dm,2H,J=8.9Hz,未分辨的),7.22(dm,2H,J=8.9Hz,未分辨的),7.33(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):14.2,15.0,35.1,37.2,38.4,60.7,66.1,68.1,80.3,114.3,121.9,129.5,130.4,130.5,138.0,147.8,157.4,172.5。实施例9 2-乙氧基-3-[4-(2-{4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基}乙氧基)苯基-1-甲氧基丙烷
将实施例8(0.45g,1.2mmol)溶于丙酮(10ml)中并加入甲基碘(1.78g,12.5mmol)和氧化银(2.64g,11.4mmol)。将该反应混合物在室温下搅拌。48小时后,用HPLC检查所有原料已消耗。将该反应混合物通过硅藻土过滤,蒸发丙酮并将粗制产物用制备性HPLC(KromasilC8,7μm,50×250mm)纯化,用乙腈(65%)的乙酸铵缓冲液(pH7)中的溶液作为流动相,得到所需产物0.39g(收率84%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.14(t,3H),2.75(d,2H),3.10(t,2H),3.13(s,3H),3.30-3.49(m,2H),3.35(s,3H),3.50-3.60(s,2H),4.15(t,2H),6.80(d,2H),7.12(d,2H),7.22(d,2H),7.33(d,2H)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):15.5,37.0,37.3,59.1,65.3,68.2,73.9,79.7,114.3,121.9,130.4,130.5,131.1,138.0,147.8,157.0。实施例10 2-氰基-3-{4-[2-(4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}丙醇
将硼氢化钠(1.37g,36mmol)分次加入到2-氰基-3-{4-[2-(4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基)乙基]苯基}丙酸乙酯(3.0g,7.2mmol)的甲醇(40ml)溶液中。加入后,将该混合物搅拌2小时。然后将盐酸(10%)滴加入到该混合物中使pH为4-5。将该反应混合物在真空中蒸发以除去甲醇。将残余物用乙酸乙酯萃取。将该乙酸乙酯溶液用盐水洗涤并用硫酸镁干燥。在真空中蒸发溶剂。将残余物在硅胶上柱层析,用乙酸乙酯/庚烷(20∶80直到60∶40)作为洗脱剂,得到所需产物1.9g(收率70%)。1H-NMR(300MHz;CDCl3):2.27(t,J=6Hz,OH),2.91(s,br,3H),3.10(t,J=7Hz,2H),3.14(s,3H),3.70-3.80(m,2H),4.16(t,J=7Hz,2H),6.85(d,J=9Hz,2H),7.1 6(d,J=9Hz,2H),7.23(d,J=9Hz,2H)和7.34(d,J=9Hz,2H)。13C-NMR(75MHz;CDCl3):33.63,35.10,36.99,37.29,61.76,68.23,114.83(2C),120.50,122.0(2C),128.68,130.15(2C),130.58(2C),137.92,147.84和157.90。原料(a)2-氰基-3-{4-[2-(4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}丙烯酸乙酯
将甲磺酸4-[2-(4-甲酰基苯氧基)乙基]苯基酯(2g,6.24mmol)、氰基乙酸乙酯(1.41g,12.48mmol)和乙酸钠(1.34g,15.6mmol)的混合物加热至120℃。将在加热下熔化的混合物冷却。加入二氯甲烷,将该溶液用水和盐水洗涤。将有机相用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在真空中蒸发溶剂。将粗制产物在硅胶上层析,用庚烷∶乙酸乙酯(梯度9∶1到1∶1)作为洗脱剂,随后经结晶得到所需产物1.98g(收率77%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.37(t,3H,J=7.1Hz),3.13(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.13(s,3H),4.24(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),4.35(q,2H,J=7.1Hz),6.95(dm,2H,J=9Hz,未分辨的),7.23(dm,2H,J=9Hz,未分辨的),7.32(dm,2H,J=9Hz,未分辨的),7.97(dm,2H,J=9Hz,未分辨的),8.15(s,1H)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):14.2,34.9,37.4,62.4,68.6,99.6,115.2,116.1 122.1,124.6,130.5,133.6,137.3,148.0,154.3,162.8,163.1。(b)2-氰基-3-{4-[2-(4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}丙酸乙酯
将化合物(a)(1.69g,4.07mmol)和1,4-二氢-2,6-二甲基-3,5-吡啶二羧酸二乙基酯(2.06g,8.14mmol)的混合物在真空中缓慢加热至190℃以上,随后冷却至室温,将粗制产物在硅胶上经层析纯化,用庚烷∶乙酸乙酯(梯度2∶1到1∶1)作为洗脱剂,得到所需产物1.55g(收率91%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.17(t,3H,J=7Hz),2.96-3.16(m,6H),3.66-3.72(m,1H),4.05(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),4.13(q,2H,J=7Hz),6.73(dm,2H,J=8.5Hz,未分辨的),7.09-7.19(m,4H),7.25(dm,2H,J=8.5Hz,未分辨的)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):13.4,34.3,34.5,36.7,39.3,114.3,116.0,121.5,127.2,129.6,130.1,137.4,147.5,157.7,165.2。实施例11 2-乙氧基-3-{4-[2-(4-乙氧基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}丙醇
以与实施例1制备类似的方法,用2-乙氧基-3-{4-[2-(4-乙氧基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}丙酸乙酯(0.925g,2.393mmol)和硼氢化钠(0.157g,4.14mmol)制备,24小时后猝灭该反应,得到所需产物0.723g(收率89%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.21(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.44(t,3H,J=7Hz),2.36(bs,1OH),2.69-2.75(m,1H),2.81-2.87(m,1H),3.06(t,2H,J=7.2Hz),3.45-3.51(m,1H),3.51-3.60(m,3H),3.60-3.67(m,1H),4.04(q,2H,J=7Hz),4.14(t,2H,J=7.2Hz),6.86(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的),6.89(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的),7.14(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的),7.22(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):14.7,15.4,34.8,36.4,63.3,63.5,65.1,68.8,81.1,114.36,114.44,129.8,130.0,130.0,130.1,157.2,157.5。原料(a)2-乙氧基-3-{4-[2-(4-乙氧基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}丙酸乙酯
以与实施例3(d)制备类似的方法,用2-[4-乙氧基苯基]乙醇(3.431g,20.64mmol)和2-乙氧基-3-(4-羟基苯基)丙酸乙酯(4.919g,20.64mmol)合成该化合物。在硅胶上经层析纯化,用庚烷∶乙酸乙酯(梯度1∶1到3∶5)作为洗脱剂,得到所需产物6.3g(收率79%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.2(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.25(t,3H,J=7.1Hz),1.43(t,3H,J=7Hz),2.97-3.01(m,2H),3.04(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),3.35-3.42(m,1H),3.60-3.68(m,1H),3.99-4.05(m,3H),4.13(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),4.19(q,2H,J=7.1Hz),6.85(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的),6.87(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的),7.18(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的),7.20(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):14.0,14.6,14.9,34.7,38.3,60.5,63.1,65.9,68.7,90.2,114.1,114.3,129.0,129.7,129.9,130.1,157.4,172.2。实施例13 1-氰基-2-[4-(2-{4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]-1-乙氧基乙烷
将1-氨基甲酰基-2-[4-(2-{4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]-1-乙氧基乙烷(0.63g,1.47mmol)溶于二噁烷(20ml)中并加入吡啶(0.35g,4.41mmol)。将该混合物放进超声浴中5分钟,然后加入三氟乙酸酐(0.37g,1.76mmol)。在室温下搅拌16小时后,用HPLC检查所有的原料已消耗。加入碳酸钠溶液并用二氯甲烷萃取三次。将有机相用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。将粗制产物用制备性HPLC(Kromasil C8,7μm,50×250mm)纯化,用乙腈(70-80%)的乙酸铵缓冲液(pH7)中的溶液作为流动相,得到所需产物0.47g(收率75%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.25(t,3H),1.54(s,9H),3.00-3.12(m,4H),3.46-3.55(m,1H),3.78-3.87(m,1H),4.13(t,2H),4.22(t,2H),6.53(-NH),6.86(d,2H),7.17-7.24(m,4H),7.31(d,2H)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):15.0,28.6,35.3,39.4,66.6,69.0,70.6,80.7,114.9,118.5,119.1,127.0,129.8,130.9,133.1,137.1,153.1,158.5。原料(a)1-氨基甲酰基-2-[4-(2-{4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]-1-乙氧基乙烷
将3-[4-(2-{4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]-2-乙氧基丙酸(1.18g,2.75mmol)和六氟磷酸苯并三唑-1-基-氧基三-吡咯烷基鏻(1.43g,2.75mmol)溶于干燥DMF(20ml)中。将氨气通过该混合物起泡5分钟。在室温下搅拌16小时后,用HPLC检查所有原料均已消耗。加入水并用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。将残余物重新溶于二氯甲烷中并用二氯甲烷∶甲醇(0-5%)的梯度系统在硅胶上层析,得到所需产物1.04g(收率85%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.16(t,3H),1.55(s,9H),2.85-2.92(m,1H),3.06(t,2H),3.08-3.14(m,1H),3.41-3.48(m,1H),3.50-3.58(m,1H),3.92(q,1H),4.14(t,2H),5.91(-NH2),6.62(-NH2),6.72(-NH2),6.84(d,2H),7.18(d,2H),7.34(d,2H)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):15.5,28.6,35.4,38.4,66.9,69.0,81.7,114.5,119.1,129.8,130.9,133.2,137.1,157.8,175.8。(b)3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙酸
将氢氧化锂水化物(77mg,1.85mmol)的水(5.5ml)溶液缓慢加入到3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙酸乙酯(0.77g,1.68mmol)的THF(7.6ml)溶液中。在室温下搅拌4小时后,将该反应混合物放在冰箱中4天。在真空中蒸发除去THF。再加入水并将该混合物用盐酸酸化至pH1。将该产物用乙酸乙酯萃取,用水洗涤两次,干燥(硫酸钠),过滤并在真空中蒸发溶剂,得到所需产物0.712g(收率98.7%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.18(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.54(s,9H),2.93-3.10(m,4H),3.36-3.45(m,1H),3.60-3.69(m,1H),4.02-4.07(m,1H),4.12(t,2H,J=7Hz),6.83(dm,2H,J=8.8Hz,未分辨的),7.15-7.23(m,4H),7.27-7.34(m,2H),10.28(bs,1NH)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):15.0,28.3,35.2,38.0,66.7,68.8,79.9,80.7,114.6,119.1,129.0,129.4,130.4,133.1,136.8,153.2,157.8,175.3。实施例13 4-(2-{4-[(2S)-3-氨基-2-乙氧基丙基]苯氧基}乙基)苯基氨基甲酸叔-丁基酯
将甲磺酸(2S)-3-[4-(2-{4-[(叔-丁氧基羰基)氨基]苯基}乙氧基)苯基]-2-乙氧基丙基酯(在实施例4a中所述)(0.43g,0.87mmol)溶于干燥DMF(5ml)中。加入叠氮化钠(0.23g,3.50mmol),将该反应混合物加热至80℃并搅拌过夜。将该反应物用水猝灭并用乙醚萃取。将有机相用水洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。将粗制产物溶于干燥乙醚中并加入到LAH(0.10g,2.62mmol)的干燥乙醚(50ml)溶液中。一小时后,将该反应物用水(0.5ml)、5M NaOH(1ml)和再用水(0.5ml)猝灭。将该混合物回流半个小时并将白色沉淀物滤出,将滤液用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发,得到该产物0.63g(收率72%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.19(t,3H),1.35(-NH2),1.53(s,9H),2.60-2.68(m,2H),2.72-2.85(m,2H),3.04(t,2H),3.37-3.44(m,1H),3.45-3.59(m,2H),4.12(t,2H),6.79(-NH),6.82(d,2H),7.10(d,2H),7.20(d,2H),7.32(d,2H)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):15.9,28.6,35.4,38.0,45.2,65.4,69.1,80.6,82.9,114.8,119.0,129.8,130.5,131.0,133.1,137.2,153.2,157.5实施例14 N-(4-{2-[4-(2-氰基-3-羟基丙基)苯氧基]乙基}苯基)-2-甲基丙酰胺
将2-氰基-3-(4-{2-[4-(异丁酰基氨基)苯基]乙氧基}苯基)丙酸乙酯(0.5g,1.22mmol)溶于甲醇(10ml)中。小心地加入硼氢化钠(0.24g,6.34mmol)。将该混合物在室温下搅拌4小时,然后在真空中蒸发至干。将乙酸乙酯和水加入到残余物中。分层后,用0.3M的盐酸、水和盐水洗涤有机相。在真空中蒸发溶剂。将残余物在硅胶上柱层析,用乙酸乙酯/庚烷作为洗脱剂,得到0.33g所需产物,收率74%。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.24(6H,d),2.51(1H,m),2.61(1H,bdd),2.90(3H,m),3.04(2H,t),3.73(2H,m),4.12(2H,t),6.83(2H,d),7.13(2H,d),7.22(2H),7.38(1H,bs),7.46(2H,d)。13C-NMR(100Mz;CDCl3):20.67,34.75,36.30,37.67,38.02,62.81,69.78,115.97,121.27,121.62,129.62,130.57,131.16,135.28,137.51,159.12,176.60。原料(a)N-[4-(2-羟基乙基)苯基]-2-甲基丙酰胺
将4-氨基苯基乙基醇(21g,0.153mol)溶于丙酮(200ml)中。将该溶液加热至回流并滴加入2-甲基丙酸酐(24.15g,0.153mol)。将该混合物加热至回流1小时,HPLC显示该反应没有完成。再加入2-甲基丙酸酐(1.0g)并将其再回流1.5小时。然后将该反应混合物在真空中蒸发至干。将残余物溶于温热的二氯甲烷(150ml)中,然后冷却至室温。将庚烷(200ml)滴入到该溶液中,结晶沉降。将该结晶滤出并用庚烷洗涤。得到30.7g标题产物,收率97%。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.20(6H,d),2.59(1H,m),2.80(2H,t),3.40(1H,t),3.78(2H,dt),7.14(2H,d),7.54(2H,d),8.77(1H,bs)。(b)2-氰基-3-(4-{2-[4-(异丁酰基氨基)苯基]乙氧基}苯基)丙酸乙酯
将2-氰基-3-(4-羟基苯基)丙酸乙酯(1g,4.56mmol)和N-[4-(2-羟基乙基)苯基]-2-甲基丙酰胺(1.42g,6.85mmol)在二氯甲烷(40ml)中混合。然后分别加入1,1’-(偶氮二羰基)二哌啶(2.3g,9.12mmol)和三苯膦(2.4g,9.15mmol)。将该混合物搅拌过夜并过滤。将滤液在真空中蒸发至干。将残余物在硅胶上柱层析,用乙酸乙酯/庚烷作为洗脱剂,得到所需产物0.5g,收率27%。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.2-1.3(9H,m),2.49(1H,m),3.04(2H,t),3.08-3.23(2H,2dd),3.66(1H,dd),4.11(3H,m),4.22(2H,q)。实施例15 2-{4-[2-(4-乙基苯基)乙氧基]苄基}-3-羟基丙腈
将2-氰基-3-{4-[2-(4-乙基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-丙酸甲酯(0.31g,0.9mmol)溶于甲醇中。加入硼氢化钠(0.17g,4.5mmol)并将该反应混合物搅拌直至TLC显示所有原料消耗。加入HCl(1M)直至pH大约为4-5。蒸发甲醇并将残余物用乙酸乙酯萃取。进一步处理并纯化得到0.15g、54%的2-{4-[2-(4-乙基苯基)乙氧基]苄基}-3-羟基丙腈。1H-NMR(400MHz;MeOD):1.18(3H,t),2.58(2H,q),2.74-2.91(3H,m),2.98(2H,t),3.58-3.70(2H,m),4.10(2H,t),6.84(2H,d),7.08-7.18(6H,d+m)。13C-NMR(100MHz;MeOD):15.9,29.2,34.4,36.0,38.0,62.0,69.7,115.4,121.6,128.6,129.7,130.2,130.9,136.6,143.2,159.1。原料(a)2-氰基-3-{4-[2-(4-乙基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}丙酸甲酯
将2-(4-乙基苯基)乙醇(0.8g,5.3mmol)和2-氰基-3-(4-羟基苯基)丙酸甲酯(0.9g,4.4mmol)溶于干燥二氯甲烷(20ml)中。加入三苯膦(2.3g,8.8mmol),随后加入ADDP(2.22g,8.8mmol),得到深橙色溶液。将该反应混合物搅拌过夜,然后过滤并蒸发。将残余物用二氯甲烷和乙醚的混合物处理并再过滤一次。将SiO2加入到滤液中,然后蒸发。将残余物用乙醚/戊烷(1∶1)层析,得到0.31g、20.8%的2-氰基-3-{4-[2-(4-乙基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}丙酸甲酯。1H-NMR(300MHz;CDCl3):1.25(3H,t),2.65(2H,q),3.10(2H,t),3.20(2H,m),3.70(1H,m),3.80(3H,s),4.15(2H,t),6.90(2H,d),7.10-7.25(6H,m)。13C-NMR(75MHz;CDCl3):15.7,28.5,35.0,35.4,39.8,53.5,68.8,114.9,116.2,127.2,128.0,129.0,130.2,135.3,142.5,158.5,166.1。实施例16 3-(4-{2-[4-(甲基磺酰基)苯基]乙氧基}苯基)-2-(苯硫基)丙-1-醇
将3-(4-{2-[4-(甲基磺酰基)苯基]乙氧基}苯基)-2-(苯硫基)丙酸乙酯(0.58g,1.20mmol)溶于干燥二氯甲烷(15ml)中。将该溶液冷却至-78℃并加入DIBAL-H(1M己烷溶液,3.0ml,3.0mmol)。20小时后将冷却剂移去。2小时后,将该反应混合物在冰浴中冷却,然后加入HCl(1M,15ml)。将混合物用二氯甲烷萃取,将有机相用水(15ml)洗涤两次并用Na2SO4干燥。蒸发得到0.554g,、大约100%的所需产物为无色油状物。1H-NMR(300MHz;CDCl3):2.87(2H,d),3.03(3H,s),3.16(2H,7),3.32-3.42(1H,m),3.46-3.63(2H,m),4.18(2H,t),6.80(2H,d),7.10(2H,d),7.25(3H,m),7.40(2H,m),7.50(2H,d),7.85(2H,d)。该原料在优先权的申请WO9962871中叙述。实施例17 2-(4-{2-[4-(甲基磺酰基)苯基]乙氧基}苄基)丁-1-醇
将2-(4-{2-[4-(甲基磺酰基)苯基]乙氧基}苄基)丁酸甲酯(0.40g,1.02mmol)溶于干燥二氯甲烷(10ml)中并冷却至-78℃。缓慢加入1MDIBAH(3.00ml,3.00mmol)并将该反应物搅拌过夜,随后达到室温。将该反应物冷却至-10℃并用盐酸(2M,5ml)猝灭,用二氯甲烷萃取。将有机相经硫酸镁干燥。将粗制产物用制备性HPLC(Kromasil C8,7μm,50×250mm)纯化,用乙腈(50%)的乙酸铵缓冲液(pH7)中的溶液作为流动相,得到所需产物0.24g(收率63%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):δ0.92(t,3H),1.28-1.46(m,2H),1.36(-OH),1.62-1.72(m,1H),2.52-2.62(m,2H),3.04(s,3H),3.17(t,2H),3.51(d,2H),4.19(t,2H),6.76-6.82(m,2H),7.05-7.10(m,2H),7.49(d,2H),7.87(d,2H)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):δ11.3,23.2,35.7,36.3,44.2,44.5,64.4,67.7,114.4,127.5,130.0,130.1,133.3,138.7,145.3,156.7。原料(a)2-(4-{2-[4-(甲基磺酰基)苯基]乙氧基}苄基)丁酸甲酯
将2-(4-羟基苄基)丁酸甲酯(0.50g,2.5mmol)和2-[4-(甲基磺酰基)苯基]乙醇(0.52g,2.5mmol)在二氯甲烷(10ml)中混合。加入ADDP(0.76g,3.0mmol),随后加入三苯膦(0.79g,3.0mmol)。16小时后该反应中止。将在该反应中所形成的氧化三苯膦滤出并蒸发滤液。将粗制产物从甲醇和二氯甲烷中层析,从0-32%梯度洗脱,得到该产物0.64g(66%收率)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):δ0.88(t,3H),1.47-1.66(m,2H),2.48-2.57(m,1H),2.66(dd,1H),2.84(dd,1H),3.01(s,3H),3.14(t,2H),3.58(s,3H),4.16(t,2H),6.74-6.79(m,2H),7.03(d,2H),7.46(d,2H),7.85(d,2H)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):δ11.6,24.9,35.5,37.1,44.4,49.4,51.2,67.5,114.3,127.4,129.7,129.9,131.8,138.6,145.2,156.9,175.8。实施例18 2-(4-{2-[4-(甲氧基甲基)苯基]乙氧基}苄基)丁-1-醇
该化合物以与实施例17相似的方法,用2-(4-{2-[4-(甲氧基甲基)苯基]乙氧基}苄基)丁酸甲酯(0.427g,1.20mmol)和DIBAL(1M,4.76ml,4.76mmol)合成,得到所需产物0.383g(收率97%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):0.92(t,3H,J=7.5Hz),1.29-1.42(m,3H),1.60-1.72(m,1H),2.55(d,2H,J=7.0Hz),3.06(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),3.37(s,3H),3.50(t,2H,J=5.3Hz),4.13(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),4.43(s,2H),6.79(dm,2H,J=8.8Hz,未分辨的),7.07(dm,2H,J=8.8Hz,未分辨的),7.25-7.28(m,4H)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):11.3,23.2,35.5,36.3,44.2,58.0,64.4,68.6,74.4,114.4,127.9,129.0,130.0,132.9,136.3,137.5,157.0。原料(a)[4-(甲氧基甲基)苯基]乙酸
将4-(溴代甲基)苯基乙酸(4.85g,21.17mmol)、甲醇钠(30%溶于甲醇中,大约12ml,大约65mmol)和甲醇(30ml)混合并回流过夜。将该反应混合物冷却,然后用HCl(1M)酸化。蒸发甲醇。加入水并将该反应混合物用二氯甲烷萃取三次。将合并的有机相用盐水洗涤并用Na2SO4干燥。蒸发得到所需产物3.6g,94.4%。1H-NMR(300MHz;CDCl3):3.40(3H,s),3.65(2H,s),4.45(2H,s),7.25-7.35(4H,m),11.05(OH,bs)。(b)2-[4-(甲氧基甲基)苯基]乙醇
将[4-(甲氧基甲基)苯基]乙酸(3.6g,20mmol)溶于THF(100ml)中并在冰浴中冷却。加入BH3×THF(1M,40ml,40mmol)。将该反应混合物搅拌6小时,然后用HCl(1M,80ml)和水(大约100ml)猝灭。蒸发THF并将残余物用二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯萃取。分离各相并将有机相用HCl(0.3M,100ml)洗涤并用Na2SO4干燥。蒸发得到所需产物3.31g,99.6%。1H-NMR(300MHz;CDCl3):2.85(2H,t),3.35(3H,s),3.85(2H,m),4.45(2H,s),7.20(2H,d),7.30(2H,d)。(c)2-(4-{2-[4-(甲氧基甲基)苯基]乙氧基}苄基)丁酸甲酯
在氩气氛下,将ADDP(1.23g,4.89mmol)和三苯膦(1.03g,3.92mmol)加入到2-[4-(甲氧基甲基)苯基]乙醇(0.54g,3.26mmol)和2-(4-羟基苄基)丁酸甲酯(0.68g,3.26mmol)的干燥二氯甲烷(10ml)溶液中。5分钟后,再加入二氯甲烷(10ml)。将该反应混合物在室温下搅拌5.5小时,然后过滤。在硅胶上层析纯化,用庚烷∶乙酸乙酯(1∶1)作为洗脱剂,得到产物和原料的混合物,将其溶于乙酸乙酯中,用1N氢氧化钠洗涤三次。将有机相用盐水洗涤,干燥(硫酸钠),过滤并蒸发溶剂得到所需产物0.27g(收率60%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):0.95(t,3H,J=7.5Hz),1.55-1.65(m,1H),1.65-1.75(m,1H),2.56-2.64(m,1H),2.70-2.76(m,1H),2.89-2.95(m,1H),3.11(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),3.42(s,3H),3.64(s,3H),4.17(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),4.48(s,3H),6.84(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的),7.09(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的),7.28-7.35(m,4H)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):11.6,24.9,35.4,37.2,49.3,51.2,57.9,68.4,74.3,114.3,127.8,128.9,129.6,131.4,136.2,137.6,157.1,175.9。实施例19 N-[2-羟基-1-(4-{2-[4-(甲氧基甲基)苯基]乙氧基}苄基)乙基]-2-甲基丙酰胺
将N-异丁酰基-O-{2-[4-(甲氧基甲基)苯基]乙基}酪氨酸(0.4g,1mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(3ml,干燥)中。加入吡啶(85ml,1.05mmol,干燥)。将该混合物冷却至-20℃。在氮气氛下加入氰脲酰氟(200ml,2.2mmol)。将该混合物在-20℃到-7℃之间搅拌1小时后,加入冰冷的水(10ml)和二氯甲烷(10ml)。分离各相。将水相用二氯甲烷萃取。合并有机相并用冰冷的水(10ml)洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥并浓缩至大约3ml。加入硼氢化钠(76mg,2mmol),然后用15分钟滴加入甲醇(2ml)。再搅拌15分钟后,将该混合物用硫酸氢钾(2M,2ml)和水(15ml)中和。在真空中蒸发二氯甲烷。将残余物用乙酸乙酯(30ml×2)萃取。合并有机相并用硫酸氢钾(1M,20ml)、水和盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥。在真空中蒸发溶剂。将残余物在硅胶上柱层析,用乙酸乙酯/庚烷/异丙醇(45∶45∶10)作为洗脱剂,得到所需产物0.22g,收率57%。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.10(6H,2d),2.32(1H,m),2.81(2H,2dd),3.09(3H,t+bs),3.40(3H,s),3.60(1H,m),3.66(1H,m),4.07-4.18(3H,t+m),4.45(2H,s),5.75(1H,bs),6.84(2H,d),7.12(2H,d),7.29(4H,2d)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):19.50,19.68,35.54,35.69,36.08,52.89,58.12,64.52,68.72,74.54,114.77,128.02,129.06,129.70,130.20,136.42,137.74,157.64,177.82。原料(a)N-异丁酰基酪氨酸甲酯
将碳酸钠(5.78g,0.054mol)的水(50ml)溶液加入到酪氨酸甲酯盐酸盐(25g,0.108mol)的二氯甲烷(500ml)溶液中。将该混合物剧烈搅拌并冷却至0℃。分别从两个加料漏斗中滴入异丁酰氯(12.3ml,0.119mol)和碳酸钠(8.58g溶于50ml水中,0.081mol)。在0℃下,将得到的混合物搅拌2小时,然后在室温下搅拌过夜。HPLC显示该反应没有完成。再滴入异丁酰氯(6.15ml,0.059mol)和碳酸钠(5.78溶于50ml水中,0.054mol)。将该混合物再搅拌6小时,然后过滤。将结晶用水和乙醚洗涤。得到白色晶状产物(27g),收率94%。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):0.98(3H,d),1.04(3H,d),2.43(1H,m),2.85(1H,dd),3.04(1H,dd),3.67(3H,s),4.57(1H,dd),4.84(2H,s),6.69(2H,d),7.00(2H,d)。(b)N-异丁酰基-O-{2-[4-(甲氧基甲基)苯基]乙基}酪氨酸甲酯
将2-[4-(甲氧基甲基)苯基]乙醇(0.6g,3.61mmol)和N-异丁酰基酪氨酸甲酯(1.15g,4.34mmol)混合在二氯甲烷(20ml,干燥)中。然后分别加入1,1’-(偶氮二羰基)二哌啶(1.1g,4.36mmol)和三苯膦(1.14g,4.35mmol)。将该混合物在室温下搅拌过夜并过滤。将滤液在真空中蒸发至干。将残余物在硅胶上柱层析,用乙酸乙酯/庚烷(梯度5∶95到50∶50)作为洗脱剂,得到所需产物0.71g,收率48%。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.14(6H,d),2.36(1H,m),3.02-3.17(4H,m),3.40(3H,s),3.75(3H,s),4.15(2H,t),4.46(2H,s),4.86(1H,dd),5.87(1H,d),6.82(2H,d),6.99(2H,d),7.31(4H,m)。(c)N-异丁酰基-O-{2-[4-(甲氧基甲基)苯基]乙基}酪氨酸
将N-异丁酰基-O-{2-[4-(甲氧基甲基)苯基]乙基}酪氨酸甲酯(0.7g,1.69mmol)溶于二噁烷(6ml)中。加入氢氧化锂一水合物(0.25g,5.95mmol)的水(6ml)溶液。将该混合物搅拌过夜,然且用水稀释并在真空中蒸发以除去二噁烷。将残余物用1M盐酸酸化至pH大约为3,然后用二氯甲烷萃取二次。将有机相用盐水洗涤并用硫酸钠干燥。然后蒸发溶剂得到所需产物0.67g,收率99%。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.13(6H,d),2.38(1H,m),3.09(3H,t+dd),3.17(1H,dd),3.41(3H,s),4.15(2H,m),4.46(2H,s),4.82(1H,m),5.93-6.03(1H,2d),6.80(2H,d),7.04(2H,d),7.29(4H,2d)。实施例20 N-(1-{4-[2-(4-乙氧基苯基)乙氧基]苄基}-2-羟基乙基)-2-甲基丙酰胺
将O-[2-(4-乙氧基苯基)乙基]-N-异丁酰基酪氨酸(186mg,0.47mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(1.5ml,干燥)中。加入吡啶(40ml,0.5mmol,干燥)。将该混合物冷却至-20℃。在惰性气氛下加入氰脲酰氟(90ml,1mmol)。将该混合物在-20℃下搅拌1小时后,加入冰冷的水(10ml)和二氯甲烷(15ml)。分离各相。将水相用二氯甲烷(15ml)萃取。合并有机相并用冰冷的水(10ml)洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥并浓缩至大约2ml。加入硼氢化钠(38mg,1mmol),然后用10分钟滴加入甲醇(1ml)。再搅拌10分钟后,将该混合物用2M硫酸氢钾和水中和。在真空中蒸发二氯甲烷。将残余物用乙酸乙酯(20ml×2)萃取。合并有机相并用硫酸氢钾(1M,15ml)、水和盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥。在真空中蒸发溶剂。将残余物在硅胶上柱层析,用乙酸乙酯/庚烷/异丙醇(45∶45∶10)作为洗脱剂,得到所需产物0.12g,产率67%。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.10(6H,2d),1.42(3H,t),2.32(1H,m),2.82(2H,2dd),3.23(1H,bs),3.60(1H,m),3.66(1H,m),4.03(2H,q),4.12(3H,t+m),5.79(1H,bd),6.85(4H,2d),7.12(2H,d),7.19(2H,d)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):14.91,19.50,19.69,34.95,35.69,36.09,52.88,63.48,64.42,69.03,114.56,114.76,129.66,129.94,130.13,130.20,157.68,177.83。原料(a)O-[2-(4-乙氧基苯基)乙基]-N-异丁酰基酪氨酸甲酯
将4-乙氧基-苯乙醇(0.6g,3.61mmol)和N-异丁酰基酪氨酸甲酯(1.15g,4.34mmol)在二氯甲烷(20ml,干燥)中混合。然后分别加入1,1’-(偶氮二羰基)二哌啶(1.1g,4.36mmol)和三苯膦(1.14g,4.35mmol)。将该混合物在室温下搅拌过夜并过滤。在真空中蒸发滤液至干。将残余物在硅胶上柱层析,用乙酸乙酯/庚烷(梯度10∶90到50∶50)作为洗脱剂,得到所需产物0.75g,产率50%。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.14(6H,d),1.42(3H,t),3.01-3.16(4H,m),3.48(3H,s),4.04(2H,q),4.12(2H,t),4.86(1H,dd),5.85(1H,bd),6.80-6.90(4H,2d),6.99(2H,d),7.20(2H,d)。(b)O-[2-(4-乙氧基苯基)乙基]-N-异丁酰基酪氨酸
将O-[2-(4-乙氧基苯基)乙基]-N-异丁酰基酪氨酸甲酯(0.25g,0.61mmol)溶于二噁烷(4ml)中。加入氢氧化锂一水合物(0.1g,2.38mmol)的水溶液(4ml)。将该混合物搅拌过夜,然后用1M盐酸酸化至pH大约为3-4。在真空中蒸发以除去二噁烷。将残余物用水稀释,然后用二氯甲烷萃取。将有机相用盐水洗涤并用硫酸钠干燥。然后蒸发溶剂得到所需产物0.25g,收率100%。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.13(6H,dd),1.42(3H,t),2.36(1H,m),3.03(2H,t),3.09(1H,dd),3.20(1H,dd),4.05(2H,q),4.11(2H,t),4.82(1H,dd),5.89(1H,d),6.85(4H,2d),7.07(2H,d),7.19(2H,d)。实施例21 2-乙氧基-3-{4-[2-(4-乙基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}丙-1-醇
将2-乙氧基-3-{4-[2-(4-乙基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}丙酸(0.48g,1.4mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(15ml,干燥)中,然后将其在冰浴中冷却。加入硼烷-四氢呋喃复合物(1M溶于四氢呋喃中,3ml,3mmol)。加入后将冰浴移去。将该反应混合物在室温下搅拌4小时,然后用1M盐酸和水猝灭。在真空中蒸发四氢呋喃。将残余物用水稀释,然后用二氯甲烷萃取。将有机相用盐水洗涤并用硫酸钠干燥。然后蒸发溶剂得到所需产物(0.42g),产率91%。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.25(3H,t),1.31(3H,t),2.04(1H,bs),2.68-2.80(3H,q+dd),2.87(1H,dd),3.13(2H,t),3.50-3.72(5H,m),4.20(2H,t),6.91(2H,d),7.18(2H,d),7.23(2H,d),7.28(2H,d)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):15.42,15.52,28.35,35.28,36.38,63.50,65.10,68.68,81.15,114.35,127.83,128.81,130.15,135.25,142.22,157.24。原料(a)2-乙氧基-3-{4-[2-(4-乙基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}丙酸乙酯
将4-乙基-苯基醇(0.45g,3mmol)和2-乙氧基-3-(4-羟基苯基)丙酸乙酯(0.86g,3.6mmol)在二氯甲烷(15ml)中混合。然后分别加入1,1’-(偶氮二羰基)二哌啶(0.91g,3.6mmol)的三苯膦(0.95g,3.6mmol)。将该混合物在室温下搅拌过夜并过滤。在真空中蒸发滤液至干。将残余物在硅胶上柱层析,用乙酸乙酯/庚烷(梯度10∶90到50∶50)作为洗脱剂,得到所需产物0.49g,产率44%。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.17(3H,t),1.24(6H,2t),2.64(2H,q),2.95(2H,dd),3.06(2H,t),3.35(1H,dt),3.60(1H,dt),3.96(1H,dd),4.15(4H,m),6.82(2H,d),7.15(4H,2d),7.21(2H,d)。(b)2-乙氧基-3-{4-[2-(4-乙基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}丙酸
将2-乙氧基-3-{4-[2-(4-乙基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}丙酸乙酯(0.48g,1.3mmol)溶于二噁烷(5ml)中。加入氢氧化锂一水合物(0.2g,4.76mmol)的水溶液(5ml)。将该混合物搅拌过夜,然后用1M盐酸酸化至pH大约为3-4。在真空中蒸发以除去二噁烷。将残余物用水稀释,然后用二氯甲烷萃取。将有机相用盐水洗涤并用硫酸钠干燥。然后蒸发溶剂得到所需产物0.48g,收率100%。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.17(3H,t),1.23(3H,t),2.63(2H,q),2.93(1H,dd),3.06(3H,m),3.45(1H,m),3.58(1H,m),3.71(3H,s),4.04(2H,dd),4.14(2H,t),6.83(2H,d),7.15(4H,2d),7.20(2H,d)。实施例22 2-(苯硫基)-3-(4-{2-[4-(苯硫基)苯基]乙氧基}苯基)丙-1-醇
在氩气氛下,将2-(苯硫基)-3-(4-{2-[4-(苯硫基)苯基]乙氧基}苯基)丙酸乙酯(0.65g,1.26mmol)溶于干燥二氯甲烷(15ml)中。将该溶液冷却至-78℃,然后加入DIBAL-H(1M己烷溶液,2.6ml,2.90mmol)。0.5小时后,移去冷却剂,3小时后加入NH4Cl(2M,30ml)和二氯甲烷(30ml)。将得到的混合物经抽吸过滤。将滤饼用二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯洗涤。分离滤液各相并用水洗涤有机相,然后干燥。用庚烷∶乙醚(3∶1)快速层析后得到所需产物,产率62%(0.373g)。1H-NMR(300MHz;CDCl3):2.12(1H,t),2.88(2H,m),3.07(2H,t),3.40(1H,m),3.47-3.65(2H,m),4.15(2H,t),6.85(2H,d),7.15(2H,d),7.20-7.40(14H,m)。13C-NMR(75MHz;CDCl3):12.7,35.4,36.8,53.9,62.5,68.4,114.6,126.8,128.9,129.1,129.2,129.9,130.2,130.6,130.8,131.6,132.7,133.3,133.4,137.6,157.5。
所述原料在优先权申请WO9962871中叙述。实施例23 4-[2-(4-{3-[苄基(乙基)氨基]-2-乙氧基丙基}苯氧基)乙基]-N-甲基苯胺
将4-[2-(4-{3-[苄基(乙基)氨基]-2-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基}苯氧基)乙基]苯基氨基甲酸叔-丁基酯(5.2g,9.5mmol)溶于干燥THF中并冷却至0℃。滴加入硼烷二甲硫(2M,11.9ml,23.8mmol)。将该反应混合物在0℃下搅拌0.5小时,以后使其达到室温并回流5小时。将该反应物用水猝灭,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。将残余物重溶于乙酸乙酯中并用乙酸乙酯∶庚烷的梯度系统(0-100%)在硅胶上层析,得到所需产物2.55g(收率49%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):δ1.04(t,3H),1.14(t,3H),2.50-2.77(m,4H),2.78-2.95(m,2H),2.90(s,3H),3.05(t,2H),3.38-3.80(m,5H),4.18(t,2H),6.68(d,2H),6.87(d,2H),7.10-7.20(m,4H),7.25-7.40(m,5H)。原料(a)3-(4-苄基氧基苯基)-2-乙氧基丙烯酸乙酯
在0℃下,将四甲基胍(42.3g,0.37mol)缓慢加入到4-苄基氧基苯甲醛(75.6g,0.36mol)和氯化(1,2-二乙氧基-2-氧代乙基)(三苯基)鏻(130.7g,0.304mol)的溶于氯仿(800ml)中的溶液中。在室温下搅拌过夜后,在真空中蒸发溶剂。将残余物溶于乙醚中,滤出不溶物并将滤液用碳酸氢钠洗涤并干燥(硫酸镁)。将该方法重复一次并将粗制产物与亚硫酸氢钠饱和水溶液一起搅拌过夜。滤出固状物,将产物用乙醚萃取,干燥(硫酸镁)并在真空中蒸发溶剂,得到所需产物85 g(收率73%)。(b)2-乙氧基-3-(4-羟基苯基)丙酸乙酯
在大气压下,用Pd/C(10%)作为催化剂将化合物(a)(62g,0.19mol)在乙酸乙酯(400ml)中氢化。将该混合物通过硅藻土过滤并在真空中蒸发,得到所需产物45.6g(收率100%)。1H-NMR(600MHz;CDCl3):1.17(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.23(t,3H,J=7Hz),2.95(d,2H,J=6.6Hz),3.35-3.42(m,1H),3.58-3.64(m,1H),4.0(t,1H,J=6.6Hz),4.17(q,2H,J=7Hz),5.97(s,1OH),6.74(dm,2H,J=8.5Hz,未分辨的),7.08(dm,2H,J=8.5Hz,未分辨的)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):14.0,14.8,38.3,61.0,66.1,80.3,115.1,128.2,130.3,154.8,173.0。(c)4-(2-羟基乙基)苯基氨基甲酸叔-丁基酯
在0℃下,将二碳酸二叔丁酯(7.95g,36mmol)加入到对-氨基苯乙醇(5g,36mmol)的THF混合物中。在室温下搅拌过夜后,在真空中蒸发溶剂,得到所需产物8g(收率94%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;DMSO-d6):1.5(s,9H),2.65(dd,2H),3.55(dd,2H),4.6(s,br,1OH),7.1(未分辨的,2H),7.35(未分辨的,2H),9.1(s,1NH)。13C-NMR(100MHz;DMSO-d6):28.3,38.6,62.5,78.9,118.3,129.1,133.2,136.6,153.0。(d)3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙酸乙酯
在氩气氛、室温下,将化合物(c)(1.03g,4.34mmol)和(b)(1.03g,4.34mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中。以后加入偶氮二羰基二哌啶(1.65g,6.5mmol)和三苯膦(1.37g,5.2mmol)。在室温下搅拌6小时后,在真空中蒸发溶剂。在硅胶上经层析纯化,用庚烷∶乙酸乙酯(2∶1)作为洗脱剂,得到所需产物1.78g(收率89%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.17(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.23(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.53(s,9H),2.94-2.97(m,2H),3.03(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),3.31-3.40(m,1H),3.56-3.65(m,1H),3.95-4.0(m,1H),4.11(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),4.17(q,2H,J=7Hz),6.60(s,1NH),6.81(dm,2H,J=8.3 Hz,未分辨的),7.15(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的),7.20(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的),7.31(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的)。(e)3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙酸
将氢氧化锂水合物(77mg,1.85mmol)的水溶液(5.5ml)缓慢加入到3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙酸乙酯(0.77g,1.68mmol)的THF(7.6ml)溶液中。在室温下搅拌4小时后,将该反应混合物放置在冰箱中4天。在真空中蒸发除去THF。再加入水并将该混合物用盐酸酸化至pH为1。将产物用乙酸乙酯萃取,用水洗涤两次,干燥(硫酸钠),过滤并在真空中蒸发溶剂,得到所需产物0.712g(收率98.7%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.18(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.54(s,9H),2.93-3.10(m,4H),3.36-3.45(m,1H),3.60-3.69(m,1H),4.02-4.07(m,1H),4.12(t,2H,J=7Hz),6.83(dm,2H,J=8.8Hz,未分辨的),7.15-7.23(m,4H),7.27-7.34(m,2H),10.28(bs,1NH)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):15.0,28.3,35.2,38.0,66.7,68.8,79.9,80.7,114.6,119.1,129.0,129.4,130.4,133.1,136.8,153.2,157.8,175.3。(f)4-[2-(4-{3-[苄基(乙基)氨基]-2-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基}苯氧基)乙基]苯基氨基甲酸叔-丁基酯
将3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙酸(6.09g,14.2mmol)溶于乙腈(150ml)中并将该溶液冷却至0℃。加入DCC(3.51g,17mmol)、HO-Su(1.96g,17mmol)和DIPEA(2.2g,17mmol)并搅拌15分钟,然后加入N-乙基苄基胺(2.72g,17mmol)。将该反应混合物搅拌过夜,然后过滤并蒸发。将盐酸(2M,200ml)加入到残余的油状物中,然后将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将有机相用碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。用梯度洗脱技术将残余物用庚烷∶乙酸乙酯(1.25-100%)在硅胶上层析,得到所需产物5.32g(收率68.5%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.17(t,3H),1.53(s,9H),2.94-3.13(m,4H),3.39-3.47(m,1H),3.58-3.66(m,1H),4.06-4.09(m,1H),4.13(t,2H),6.58(b,1H),6.77-6.85(m,3H),7.17-7.23(m,3H),7.26-7.32(m,2H)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):15.0,28.4,35.2,38.9,66.9,68.8,79.7,80.6,113.2,116.0,119.1,121.9,129.2,129.4,133.2,136.8,138.3,153.1,158.9,174.4。实施例24 4-[2-(4-{3-[苄基(乙基)氨基]-2-乙氧基丙基}苯氧基)乙基]苯基(甲基)氨基甲酸叔-丁基酯
将实施例1(2.55g,5.71mmol)溶于THF(50ml)并加入溶于水(20ml)中的氢氧化钠(0.23g,5.7mmol)和二碳酸二叔丁酯(1.25g,5.7mmol)。在室温下搅拌48小时后,用HPLC检查所有原料已消耗。加入水,蒸发THF并将残余物用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将有机相用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。将粗制产物用制备性HPLC(Kromasil C8,10μm,50×500mm)层析纯化,用乙腈(60-80%)的乙酸铵缓冲液(pH7)中的溶液作为流动相,得到所需产物2.28g(收率69%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.01(t,3H),1.09(t,3H),1.45(s,9H),2.49-2.58(m,2H),2.58-2.84(m,2H),3.06(t,2H),3.24(s,3H),3.33-3.57(m,3H),3.66(q,2H),4.13(t,2H),6.78(d,2H),7.07(d,2H),7.17(d,2H),7.23(d,2H),7.25-7.35(m,5H)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):11.8,15.8,28.6,35.6,37.6,38.9,48.5,57.1,59.0,65.5,68.9,79.8,80.5,114.5,125.8,127.2,128.5,129.3,129.4,130.7,131.8,135.7,142.5,155.2,157.3。实施例25 4-[2-{4-[2-乙氧基-3-(乙基氨基)丙基]苯氧基}乙基]苯基(甲基)氨基甲酸叔-丁基酯
将实施例2(1.0g,1.8mmol)溶于乙醇(100ml)中。加入乙酸(0.12g,1.8mmol)和负载在活性碳上的钯(5%,0.5g)。将该混合物在氢气氛、室温下搅拌。16小时后,将其用HPLC检查所有原料已消耗。将该反应混合物通过硅藻土过滤,蒸发溶剂并将残余物用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将有机相用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发,得到所需产物0.74g(收率84%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.09(t,3H),1.18(t,3H),1.47(s,9H),2.55-2.65(m,4H),2.65-2.71(m,1H),2.80-2.87(m,1H),3.07(t,2H),3.26(s,3H),3.44-3.65(m,3H),4.15(t,2H),6.83(d,2H),7.11(d,2H),7.19(d,2H),7.25(d,2H)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):15.6,15.9,28.6,35.5,37.6,38.5,44.4,53.3,65.4,68.8,80.4,80.6,114.7,125.7,129.4,130.6,131.0,135.7,142.5,155.1,157.5。实施例26 4-[2-(4-{3-[苄基(乙基)氨基]-2-乙氧基丙基}苯氧基)乙基]-N-甲基苯胺
将4-[2-(4-{3-[苄基(乙基)氨基]-2-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基}苯氧基)乙基]苯基氨基甲酸叔-丁基酯(5.2g,9.5mmol)溶于干燥THF中并冷却至0℃。滴加入硼烷二甲硫(2M,11.9ml,23.8mmol)。将该反应混合物在0℃下搅拌0.5小时,此后使其达到室温并回流5小时。将该反应物用水猝灭,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。将残余物重溶于乙酸乙酯中并用乙酸乙酯∶庚烷的梯度系统(0-100%)在硅胶上层析,得到所需产物2.55g(收率49%)。原料(a)3-(4-苄基氧基苯基)-2-乙氧基丙烯酸乙酯
在0℃下,将四甲基胍(42.3g,0.37mol)缓慢加入到溶于氯仿(800ml)中的4-苄基氧基苯甲醛(75.6g,0.36mol)和氯化(1,2-二乙氧基-2-氧代乙基)(三苯基)鏻(130.7g,0.304mol)的溶液中。在室温下搅拌过夜后,在真空中蒸发溶剂。将残余物溶于乙醚中,滤出不溶物并将滤液用碳酸氢钠洗涤,干燥(硫酸镁)。将该过程重复一次,此后将粗制产物与亚硫酸氢钠饱和水溶液一起搅拌过夜。滤出固体物,将产物用乙醚萃取,干燥(硫酸镁)并在真空中蒸发溶剂,得到所需产物85g(收率73%)。(b)2-乙氧基-3-(4-羟基苯基)丙酸乙酯
将化合物(a)(62g,0.19mol)在乙酸乙酯(400ml)中、在大气压下用Pd/C(10%)作为催化剂氢化。将该混合物通过硅藻土过滤并在真空中蒸发,得到所需产物45.6g(收率100%)。1H-NMR(600MHz;CDCl3):1.17(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.23(t,3H,J=7Hz),2.95(d,2H,J=6.6Hz),3.35-3.42(m,1H),3.58-3.64(m,1H),4.0(t,1H,J=6.6Hz),4.17(q,2H,J=7Hz),5.97(s,1 OH),6.74(dm,2H,J=8.5Hz,未分辨的),7.08(dm,2H,J=8.5Hz,未分辨的)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):14.0,14.8,38.3,61.0,66.1,80.3,115.1,128.2,130.3,154.8,173.0。(c)4-(2-羟基乙基)苯基氨基甲酸叔-丁基酯
在0℃下,将二碳酸二叔丁酯(7.95g,36mmol)加入到对-氨基苯乙基醇(5g,36mmol)的THF混合物中。在室温下搅拌过夜后,将溶剂在真空下蒸发,得到所需产物8g(收率94%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;DMSO-d6):1.5(s,9H),2.65(dd,2H),3.55(dd,2H),4.6(s,br,1OH),7.1(未分辨的,2H),7.35(未分辨的,2H),9.1(s,1NH)。13C-NMR(100MHz;DMSO-d6):28.3,38.6,62.5,78.9,118.3,129.1,133.2,136.6,153.0。(d)3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙酸乙酯
在氩气氛、室温下,将化合物(c)(1.03g,4.34mmol)和(b)(1.03g,4.34mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中。此后加入偶氮二羰基二哌啶(1.65g,6.5mmol)和三苯膦(1.37g,5.2mmol)。在室温下搅拌6小时后在真空中蒸发溶剂。在硅胶上经层析纯化,用庚烷∶乙酸乙酯(2∶1)作为洗脱剂,得到所需产物1.78g(收率89%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.17(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.23(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.53(s,9H),2.94-2.97(m,2H),3.03(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),3.31-3.40(m,1H),3.56-3.65(m,1H),3.95-4.0(m,1H),4.11(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),4.17(q,2H,J=7Hz),6.60(s,1NH),6.81(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的),7.15(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的),7.20(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的),7.31(dm,2H,J=8.3Hz,未分辨的)。(e)3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙酸
将氢氧化锂水合物(77mg,1.85mmol)的水溶液(5.5ml)缓慢加入到3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙酸乙酯(0.77g,1.68mmol)的THF(7.6ml)溶液中。在室温下搅拌4小时后,将该反应混合物在冰箱中放置4天。在真空中蒸发除去THF。再加入水并将该混合物用盐酸酸化至pH为1。将产物用乙酸乙酯萃取,用水洗涤两次,干燥(硫酸钠),过滤并将溶剂在真空中蒸发,得到所需产物0.712g(收率98.7%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.18(t,3H,J=7Hz),1.54(s,9H),2.93-3.10(m,4H),3.36-3.45(m,1H),3.60-3.69(m,1H),4.02-4.07(m,1H),4.12(t,2H,J=7Hz),6.83(dm,2H,J=8.8Hz,未分辨的),7.15-7.23(m,4H),7.27-7.34(m,2H),10.28(bs,1NH)。13C-NMR(100Mz;CDCl3):15.0,28.3,35.2,38.0,66.7,68.8,79.9,80.7,114.6,119.1,129.0,129.4,130.4,133.1,136.8,153.2,157.8,175.3。(f)4-[2-(4-{3-[苄基(乙基)氨基]-2-乙氧基-3-氧代丙基}苯氧基)乙基]苯基氨基甲酸叔-丁基酯
将3-{4-[2-(4-叔-丁氧基羰基氨基苯基)乙氧基]苯基}-2-乙氧基丙酸(6.09g,14.2mmol)溶于乙腈(150ml)中并将该溶液冷却至0℃。加入DCC(3.51g,17mmol)、HO-Su(1.96g,17mmol)和DIPEA(2.2g,17mmol)并搅拌15分钟,以后加入N-乙基苄胺(2.72g,17mmol)。将该反应混合物搅拌过夜,然后过滤并蒸发。将盐酸(2M,200ml)加入到残余的油状物中,然后将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将有机相用碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。用梯度洗脱技术,用庚烷∶乙酸乙酯(1.25-100%)将残余物在硅胶上层析,得到所需产物5.32g(收率68.5%)。1H-NMR(400MHz;CDCl3):1.17(t,3H),1.53(s,9H),2.94-3.13(m,4H),3.39-3.47(m,1H),3.58-3.66(m,1H),4.06-4.09(m,1H),4.13(t,2H),6.58(b,1H),6.77-6.85(m,3H),7.17-7.23(m,3H),7.26-7.32(m,2H)。13C-NMR(100MHz;CDCl3):15.0,28.4,35.2,38.9,66.9,68.8,79.7,80.6,113.2,116.0,119.1,121.9,129.2,129.4,133.2,136.8,138.3,153.1,158.9,174.4。实施例27 4-[2-(4-{3-[苄基(乙基)氨基]-2-乙氧基丙基}苯氧基)乙基]苯基(甲基)氨基甲酸叔-丁基酯
将实施例26(2.55g,5.71mmol)溶于THF(50ml)中并加入溶于水(20ml)中的氢氧化钠(0.23g,5.7mmol)和二碳酸二叔丁酯(1.25g,5.7mmol)。在室温下搅拌48小时后,用HPLC检查所有原料已消耗。加入水,蒸发THF并将残余物用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将有机相用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发。将粗制产物用制备性HPLC(Kromasil C8,10μm,50×500mm)纯化,用乙腈(60-80%)的乙酸铵缓冲液(pH7)中的溶液作为流动相,得到所需产物2.28g(收率69%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.01(t,3H),1.09(t,3H),1.45(s,9H),2.49-2.58(m,2H),2.58-2.84(m,2H),3.06(t,2H),3.24(s,3H),3.33-3.57(m,3H),3.66(q,2H),4.13(t,2H),6.78(d,2H),7.07(d,2H),7.17(d,2H),7.23(d,2H),7.25-7.35(m,5H)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):11.8,15.8,28.6,35.6,37.6,38.9,48.5,57.1,59.0,65.5,68.9,79.8,80.5,114.5,125.8,127.2,128.5,129.3,129.4,130.7,131.8,135.7,142.5,155.2,157.3。实施例28 4-[2-{4-[2-乙氧基-3-(乙基氨基)丙基]苯氧基}乙基]苯基(甲基)氨基甲酸叔-丁基酯
将实施例27(1.0g,1.8mmol)溶于乙醇(100ml)。加入乙酸(0.12g,1.8mmol)和负载在活性炭上的钯(5%,0.5g)。在氢气氛、室温下搅拌该混合物。16个小时后,用HPLC检查所有的原料已消耗。将该反应混合物通过硅藻土过滤,蒸发溶剂并将残余物用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将有机相用硫酸镁干燥并蒸发,得到所需产物0.74g(收率84%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.09(t,3H),1.18(t,3H),1.47(s,9H),2.55-2.65(m,4H),2.65-2.71(m,1H),2.80-2.87(m,1H),3.07(t,2H),3.26(s,3H),3.44-3.65(m,3H),4.15(t,2H),6.83(d,2H),7.11(d,2H),7.19(d,2H),7.25(d,2H)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):15.6,15.9,28.6,35.5,37.6,38.5,44.4,53.3,65.4,68.8,80.4,80.6,114.7,125.7,129.4,130.6,131.0,135.7,142.5,155.1,157.5。实施例29 1-氨基甲基-2-[4-(2-{4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]-1-乙氧基乙烷盐酸盐
将1-氨基甲酰基-1-乙氧基-2-[4-(2-{4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]乙烷(0.8g,1.96mmol)溶于THF(10ml,干燥)并将该溶液在冰浴中冷却。加入硼烷-二甲硫复合物(2.0M乙醚溶液,2.5ml,5mmol)。稍后除去冷浴。将该混合物搅拌0.5小时,然后加热到轻微回流6小时。冷却至室温后,滴加入盐酸(10%,0.8ml)。将得到的混合物搅拌2小时,然后在真空中蒸发至干。将残余物用四氢呋喃/乙醚处理。形成白色沉淀并过滤,得到所需产物0.73g,收率87%。1H-NMR(300MHz;CD3OD):1.19(t,J=7.5Hz,3H),2.65-2.79(m,2H),2.88-2.98(m,2H),3.08(t,J=7Hz,2H),3.19(s,3H),3.44-3.54(m,1H),3.60-3.74(m,2H),4.17(t,J=7Hz,2H),6.85(d,J=9Hz,2H),7.13(d,J=9Hz,2H),7.24(d,J=9Hz,2H)和7.39(d,J=9Hz,2H)。13C-NMR(75MHz;CD3OD):15.59,36.07,37.42,37.88,43.61,66.23,69.52,78.0,115.73(2C),123.16(2C),130.19,131.56(2C),131.64(2C),139.64,149.58和159.19。原料(a)2-乙氧基-3-[4-(2-{4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]丙酸
将溶于水(10ml)中的氢氧化锂水合物(0.12g,2.82mmol)缓慢加入到2-乙氧基-3-[4-(2-{4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]丙酸乙酯(在实施例8中所述)(1.12g,2.56mmol)的THF(30ml)溶液中。在室温下搅拌3小时后,加入水(50ml)并在真空中蒸发除去THF。将残余物用盐酸(2M)酸化并用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将合并的有机相用硫酸镁干燥。蒸发溶剂得到所需产物1g(收率96%)。1H-NMR(500MHz;CDCl3):1.17(t,3H,J=7Hz),2.91-2.99(m,1H),3.03-3.11(m,3H),3.12(s,3H),3.39-3.47(m,1H),3.57-3.64(m,1H),4.01-4.06(m,1H),4.14(t,2H,J=6.7Hz),6.81(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的),7.15(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的),7.22(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的),7.33(dm,2H,J=8.6Hz,未分辨的)。13C-NMR(125MHz;CDCl3):15.0,35.1,37.2,37.8,66.8,68.1,79.7,114.4,121.9,128.8,130.49,130.52,137.9,147.8,157.5,169.1。(b)1-氨基甲酰基-1-乙氧基-2-[4-(2-{4-甲基磺酰基氧基苯基}乙氧基)苯基]乙烷
在室温下,将氨气通过化合物(a)(2.9g,7.1mmol)和六氟磷酸苯并三唑-1-基-氧基-三-吡咯烷基-鏻(3.7g,7.1mmol)的DMF(30ml)中的混合物起泡3小时。加入水和乙酸乙酯。分离各相,将有机相用水洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥并在真空中蒸发溶剂。将粗制产物在乙醚中结晶,得到所需产物2.5g(收率86%),为白色粉末状物。1H-NMR(300MHz;CDCl3):1.13(t,3H,J=6.8Hz),2.80-2.90(m,1H),3.05-3.14(m,6H),3.36-3.56(m,2H),3.84-3.91(m,1H),4.14(t,2H,J=6.5Hz),5.38(s,br,1NH),6.42(s,br,1NH),6.80(dm,2H,J=8.8Hz,未分辨的),7.15(dm,2H,J=8.8Hz,未分辨的),7.19-7.27(m,2H),7.34(dm,2H,J=8.1Hz,未分辨的)。13C-NMR(75MHz;CDCl3):15.2,35.2,37.3,38.0,66.6,68.1,81.4,114.2,122.0,129.7,130.58,130.64,138.0,147.8,157.3,175.2。
Claims (8)
1.一种通式(I)的化合物及其立体异构体和旋光异构体和其外消旋体,以及它们的药学上可接受的盐、前体药物、溶剂合物和其结晶形式,在该式中A位于邻位、间位或对位并代表或
其中当X是0时,R是氰基;当X是1时,则R是:
-BRa或SCORa,其中B是O、S、SO或SO2,其中Ra代表氢、烷基、芳基或烷基芳基和其中所述烷基、芳基或烷基芳基任选一次或更多次由Rb取代,其中Rb代表烷基、芳基、烷基芳基、氰基、-NRcRc、=O、卤素、-OH、-SH、-O烷基、-O芳基、-O烷基芳基、-CORc、-SRd、-SORd或-SO2Rd,其中Rc代表氢、烷基、芳基或烷基芳基和Rd代表烷基、芳基或烷基芳基;
-BB1Ra,其中当B是S、SO或SO2时,B1是O,或当B是O时,B1是S、SO或SO2,和其中B和Ra如上所定义,或者R是NRaRa,其中每一个Ra是相同或不同并且其中Ra如上所定义;
R2代表烷基、卤素、芳基、烷基芳基、链烯基、炔基、硝基或氰基并且其中所述烷基、芳基、链烯基、烷基芳基和炔基任选由Rb取代,其中Rb如上所定义;
-BRa,其中B和Ra如上所定义;
-SO2NRaRf,其中Rf代表氢、烷基、酰基、芳基或烷基芳基和Ra如上所定义;
-SO2ORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-OCONRfRa,其中Rf和Ra如上所定义;
-NRcCOORd,其中Rc和Rd如上所定义;
-NRcCORa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-CONRcRa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-NRcSO2Rd,其中Rc和Rd如上所定义;
-NRcCONRaRk,其中Ra和Rc如上所定义和Rk代表氢、烷基、芳基或烷基芳基;
或者,R2是-NRcRa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
R1、R3和R4是相同或不同并且每一个代表氢、烷基、芳基、链烯基、炔基、氰基、卤素或烷基芳基,其中所述烷基、芳基、链烯基或炔基任选由Rb取代;
n是1-6的整数;
X是0或1的整数;
m是0或1的整数;
D位于邻位、间位或对位并代表烷基、酰基、芳基、烷基芳基、卤素、-CN和NO2,其中所述烷基、芳基或烷基芳基任选由Rb取代;
-NRcCOORa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-NRcCORa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-NRcRa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-NRcSO2Rd,其中Rc和Rd如上所定义;
-NRcCONRkRc,其中Ra、Rc和Rk如上所定义;
-NRcCSNRaRk,其中Ra、Rc和Rk如上所定义;
-ORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-OSO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义;
-SO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义;
-SORd,其中Rd如上所定义;
-SRc,其中Rc如上所定义;
-SO2NRaRf,其中Rf和Ra如上所定义;
-SO2ORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-CONRcRa,其中Rc和Ra如上所定义;
-OCONRfRa,其中Rf和Ra如上所定义;D’位于邻位、间位或对位并且代表氢、烷基、酰基、芳基、烷基芳基、卤素、-CN、-NO2,
-NRfRb,其中Rf和Rb如上所定义;
-ORf,其中Rf如上所定义;
-OSO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义;D”位于邻位、间位或对位并且代表氢、烷基、酰基、芳基、烷基芳基、卤素、-CN、-NO2,
-NRfRb,其中Rf和Rb如上所定义;
-ORf,其中Rf如上所定义;
-OSO2Rd,其中Rd如上所定义。
2.一种权利要求1的式I化合物,其中A位于间位或对位并且代表其中R是
-BRa;
-SCORa;
-OSO2Ra;
R1、R3和R4是相同或不同并且每一个代表氢、烷基、芳基、链烯基、炔基或氰基,其中所述烷基、芳基、链烯基或炔基任选由Rb取代;
R2代表烷基、芳基、链烯基、氰基或炔基并且其中所述的烷基、芳基、链烯基和炔基任选由Rb取代;
-BRa;
-OSO2Ra;
-OCONRfRa;
-NRcCOORd;
-NRcCORa;
-CONRc;
n是1-2的整数;D位于邻位、间位或对位并且代表烷基、酰基、芳基、烷基芳基、卤素、-CN、-NO2,其中所述烷基任选由Rb取代;
-ORa;
-OSO2Rd;
-OCONRaRf;
-NRcCOORa;
-NRcCORa;
-SO2Rd;
-SRc;
-CONRaRc;
-NRcRd;D’位于邻位、间位或对位并代表氢、烷基、烷基芳基、卤素、-CN或-NO2;
-ORh,其中Rh是氢或烷基;D”位于邻位、间位或对位并代表氢、烷基、烷基芳基、卤素、-CN或-NO2;
-ORf;其中Ra、Rb、Rc、Rd、Rf和Rg如在权利要求1中所定义。
3.一种权利要求2的式I化合物,其中A位于间位或对位;R是-ORa、-SRa、-SCORa或-OSO2Ra,其中Ra是氢、烷基或烷基芳基;R2是氰基,
-ORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-NRcCORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-CONRcRa,其中Ra如上所定义;R1、R3和R4独立选自氢或烷基(优选R1、R3和R4都是氢);D位于邻位、间位或对位(优选D位于对位)并代表任选由Rb或氰基取代的烷基;
-ORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-NRcCORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-CONHRcRa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-NRcCOORa,其中Ra如上所定义;
-OSO2Ra,其中Ra如上所定义;
-SO2Rd;
-NRcCOORa,其中Ra如上所定义;D’是氢;D”是氢;其中Rc和Rd如在权利要求1中所定义。
4.一种权利要求3的式I化合物,其中A位于对位;R是-OH、-O烷基或-O烷基芳基;
-SCORa;
-OSO2Rd;R1是氢;R2是-O烷基,优选-O低级烷基;R3是氢;R4是氢;n是整数1;D位于对位并代表-NRhCOORd,其中Rh代表氢或烷基;
-OCONRaRc;
-SO2Rd;
-OSO2Rd;
-CN;
-ORa;
-烷基;其中Ra如在权利要求2中所定义,其中Rc和Rd如在权利要求1中所定义。
5.一种权利要求4的式I的化合物,其中R是
-ORa;R2是-O烷基;D是
-NRbCOORa;
-CN;
-OSO2Rd;其中Ra如在权利要求2中所定义和其中Rd如在权利要求1中所定义。
6.一种用作药物的权利要求1-5中任何一项的式I化合物。
7.一种药用制剂,该制剂含有权利要求1-5中任何一项的式I化合物和药学上可接受的辅助剂、稀释剂或载体。
8.一种权利要求1-5中任何一项的式I化合物在制备用于治疗或预防与病人对胰岛素敏感性降低有关的疾病的药物中的用途。
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US6369067B1 (en) | 1997-10-27 | 2002-04-09 | Dr. Reddy's Research Foundation | Monocyclic compounds and their use in medicine: process for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them |
CN1280574A (zh) * | 1997-10-27 | 2001-01-17 | 雷迪研究基金会 | 新的杂环化合物及其在医药中的应用、它们的制备方法和含有它们的药物组合物 |
RU2247722C2 (ru) | 1997-10-27 | 2005-03-10 | Др. Редди`З Лабораториз Лимитед | Производные арилкарбоновых кислот, способы их получения, фармацевтическая композиция на их основе, способы лечения и предупреждения различных заболеваний, промежуточные соединения и способы их получения |
CN100376560C (zh) | 1997-10-27 | 2008-03-26 | 雷迪实验室有限公司 | 新型三环化合物和其作为药物的用途;其制备方法和包含该化合物的药物组合物 |
US6440961B1 (en) | 1997-10-27 | 2002-08-27 | Dr. Reddy's Research Foundation | Tricyclic compounds and their use in medicine: process for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them |
BR9914438A (pt) | 1998-10-29 | 2001-06-26 | Reddy Research Foundation | Processo aperfeiçoado para a preparação de novos agentes anti-diabéticos |
US6531596B1 (en) | 1998-10-29 | 2003-03-11 | Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. | Process for the preparation of new antidiabetic agents |
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AU2012272898A1 (en) | 2011-06-24 | 2013-04-11 | Amgen Inc. | TRPM8 antagonists and their use in treatments |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107445784A (zh) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-12-08 | 西华大学 | 一种无溶剂2‑对硝基苯基‑3‑芳基丙腈及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2001040170A1 (en) | 2001-06-07 |
NO20022603D0 (no) | 2002-05-31 |
NO20022603L (no) | 2002-07-10 |
AU766547B2 (en) | 2003-10-16 |
US20030018207A1 (en) | 2003-01-23 |
CA2392035A1 (en) | 2001-06-07 |
AR034112A1 (es) | 2004-02-04 |
US6630509B2 (en) | 2003-10-07 |
MXPA02005328A (es) | 2002-11-29 |
DE60011932D1 (de) | 2004-08-05 |
MY135920A (en) | 2008-07-31 |
IL149584A0 (en) | 2002-11-10 |
DE60011932T2 (de) | 2005-08-25 |
TW574193B (en) | 2004-02-01 |
EP1237857B1 (en) | 2004-06-30 |
EP1237857A1 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
CN1211359C (zh) | 2005-07-20 |
ATE270270T1 (de) | 2004-07-15 |
BR0016133A (pt) | 2002-08-20 |
NZ518922A (en) | 2003-11-28 |
DK1237857T3 (da) | 2004-09-20 |
CO5271654A1 (es) | 2003-04-30 |
KR20020067536A (ko) | 2002-08-22 |
JP2003515581A (ja) | 2003-05-07 |
TR200402529T4 (tr) | 2004-12-21 |
AU2240101A (en) | 2001-06-12 |
PT1237857E (pt) | 2004-10-29 |
ES2222261T3 (es) | 2005-02-01 |
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